Assignment - Unit 2 The Study of English

Module 1 Grammar
TASKS FOR SUBMISSION TO YOUR TUTOR

NAME & Surya Mahila

ADDRESS..........................................................................................................

TASK 1

In order to help us to assess your level of English, and therefore your needs, please
complete the following. If you cannot understand a question leave it out. Do not ask
anyone for help and do not use a dictionary or any other book to help you.

PART 1

Write the correct answer in the space provided.

1. Sally often ......................... her lunch in a restaurant.

a) has got b) is having c) has d) have

2. My friend is going shopping ....................... 3 o'clock.

a) to b) at c) in d) on

3. John plays badminton ......................... than Sam.

a) worse b) badly c) bad d) worst

4. The girls have been students ......................... 1990

a) during b) by c) for d) since

5. I believe you went to the party. Did you both enjoy ...........?
 a) yourself b) ourselves c) yourselves d) you

6. Adam speaks excellent French, but he doesn't speak very ...... English.
a) better b) good c) well d) best

7. There aren't ......................... biscuits on this plate.

a) too much b) a lot c) enough d) some

8. I wanted to go out this evening but I haven't ......... money.

a) any b) many c) some d) no

9. Before the film begins all the tickets ............ collected.

a) had been b) will have been c) are being d) were being

10.The test was quite easy. ................ he got a few wrong.

a) because b) in spite of c) although d) nevertheless

Look at the 10 multiple choice questions above. This is part 1 of a level assessment
which is sent out to our overseas students. You will obviously have no problem in
finding the correct answer, but explaining your choice can be more problematic.
What do you think is being tested in each question? Explain in your own words or
use grammatical terms if you know them.
That is, do NOT write what the correct answer is. Only write what students are being
tested on in each multiple choice task. Your answer could be like this, for example:
'This tests students' knowledge of the difference between the second and third
conditionals' or, if you don't know the terms, 'sentences with 'if' referring to the past
and imaginary future'.

1.................................................................................................................................

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. The use of preposition is being assessed here. To be specific, the preposition at is

used to say something happens. At used to show an exact or a particular time.

3. Adjectives : Degree of Comparison

Comparative Degree : An adjective is said to be in the comparative degree if it is
used to compare two nouns or pronouns.
4.We use ‘since’ as a preposition, a conjunction and an adverb to refer to a time, and
as a conjunction to introduce a reason.
Since : using for a time
We use since to refer back to previous point in time. Here we used since as a
proposition with a date and time.

5. Reflexive Pronoun
Yourselves : Reflexive form of plural, you – yourself
We use yourselves as the object of the verb or of a preposition in the clause to refer
more than one person.
Yourselves are often used in imperative structures.
When the subject and the object in a sentence refer to the same person or thing we
use reflexive pronoun.

6.Present tense negative sentence.

The word ‘good’ is an adjective. It is always used with a noun. When describing
someone’s emotional state, we used good. Well usually uses to describe health.

7. aren’t enough means less than necessary. Enough is a word that signifies a
sufficient quantity or a sufficient degree. It can be used as an adjective or as a
pronoun or as an adverb. Here enough quantifying adjective placed before a noun.

8. Any (adjective) : In negative senctences

Any is used when the speaker cannot specify a number or an exact amount. In
general any is used in negative sentences and questions. Here any is used in the
meaning of nothing. “Any” can be used as a determiner, pronoun, adverb etc.

9. Passive voice.
Present progressive tense. Structure : Object of the active sentence +
is/am/are + being + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active
sentence.

10. Adverb: Despite a fact or idea that you have just mentioned, used as a way of
showing how a sentence, phrase, or word is related to what has already been said.

*9
Bear in mind that the situation/circumstances are important. In number 9, either b)
and c) can be the correct answer. Under what circumstances is c) possible? Explain.

Passive voice.
Present progressive tense. Structure : Object of the active sentence +
is/am/are + being + past participle form of the verb + by + subject of the active
sentence.
TASK 2

Use an example of each of the following in a sentence and underline it.

1. an adjective

1. Ben is an adorable baby.

2. an adverb

2. She arrived early for the meeting.

3. a countable noun

3. My dog is playing there.

4. an uncountable or mass noun

4. I have a piece of news.

5. a conjunction

5. He as well as I had gone to cinema.

6. a preposition of time

6. She went on holiday today.

7. a preposition of movement

7. He walked around the table.

8. a question tag

8. I told you so, didn’t I?

9. an auxiliary verb

9. You may choose what you like.

10. a gerund (as subject of a sentence)

10. Swimming in the ocean has been my passion.

TASK 3

Write an example for each of the following:-

1. a positive statement

1 Everyone are playing in the graden.

2. a negative statement

2. I am not flying to England

3. an interrogative

3. Do you eat fish?

4. an imperative

4. Don’t ever touch my phone.

TASK 4

Write as many ways of using the definite and indefinite articles as you can find in
your grammar and explain each one.

the definite article

The definite article is the word ‘The'. It is used before a noun to define it as
something specific (e.g., something previously mentioned or known, something
unique or something being identified by the speaker).
 I'm the murderer.
(This means a specific murderer, i.e., the one previously discussed.)
 Can we go to the park?
(The park is specific. It is known to the speaker and the listener.)
The definite article contrasts with the indefinite article (a or an), which defines
something as unspecific (e.g., something generic or something mentioned for the
first time).
 I'm a murderer.
(This means an unspecified murderer, i.e., not one previously discussed.)
 Can we go to a park?
(The park is unspecific. The speaker doesn't care which one.)
the indefinite article
The indefinite article is the word a or an. It is used before a noun to define it as
something non-specific (e.g., something generic or something mentioned for the first
time).
 I'm a murderer.
(This means an unspecified murderer, i.e., not one previously discussed.)
The indefinite article contrasts with the definite article (the), which defines something
as specific (e.g., something previously mentioned or known, something unique or
something being identified by the speaker).
 I'm the murderer.
(This means a specific murderer, i.e., the one previously discussed.)

It’s everything I hoped for. Very well done indeed. However, would recommend you to come up with
more situations.
TENSE TASK 1

Write 2 sentences in each of the following tenses:-

Try to give an example sentence that has a clear context and time reference.

1. present simple

a). I work in England.

b). Your exam starts at 9.00 am.

2. present continuous or present progressive

a). You are playing a guitar.

b). We’re going on a holiday.

3. past simple

a). I went to the theatre last night.

b). She lost her mobile phone yesterday.

4. past continuous (progressive)

a). I was reading when she arrived.

b). They were waiting for the bus when the accident happened.

5. present perfect

a). She has forgotten her folder.

b). He has finished his homework.

6. present perfect continuous (progressive)

a). He has been reading the book for 2 hours.

b). She has been finding the dress since morning.

7. past perfect

a). I had written the mail before he apologized.

b). She had met him before the journey.

8. past perfect continuous (progressive)

a). I had been working at the company for the five years when I got promotion.

b). He had been drinking water when mother walked into the kitchen.

9. future simple with 'will'

a). He will come here tomorrow.

b). Will you boil the water, please?

10. future simple with 'going to'

a). I am going to win this race.

b). We are going to bake a pie.

11. present simple used as a future form

a). The plane arrives at 18.00 tomorrow.

b). She has a piano class today.

12. present continuous/progressive used as a future form

a). Is she seeing him tomorrow?

b). They aren’t leaving until the end of the year.

13. future perfect

a). I will have finished this record.

b). They will have left Japan.

14. first conditional (probable condition)

a). If it rains, I won’t go the museum.

b). If I see her, I will text you.

15. second conditional (improbable condition)

a). If I met the cricketer, I would take a picture.

b). He would travel all over the world if he were rich.

16. third conditional (impossible condition)

a) If it had rained, she would have gotten wet.

b) I would have believed you if you hadn’t lied to me before.

TENSE TASK 2

Change the following from active to passive voice:-

Please note it is not always necessary to include who carried out the action.

1. We keep the milk in the fridge.

1. The milk is being kept in the fridge by us.

2. The boys kicked the ball through the window.

2. The ball was kicked by the boys through the window.

3. The workmen are repairing the road.

3. The road is being repaired by the workers.

Comments – Good. Most passive sentences do not have an agent, as the focus of
the sentence is not on the doer of the action but on its recipient. As a rule, the agent
is only mentioned in the passive sentence if it is important new information which
cannot be omitted.

For example - The Harry Potter was written by J.K. Rowling

We use the passive voice when we want to shift the focus of attention from the agent
to the recipient of the action. If the agent is not important information, it is usually
omitted in the passive sentence.

The water in the nearby pool reflected her figure. (Focus on the water in the nearby
pool, the agent)

Her figure was reflected in the nearby pool. (Focus on her figure, the recipient)

Going by the above rule the passive voice transformation for your given assignment
will be as follows:

The milk is kept in the fridge. (By us is not required)

The ball was kicked by the boys through the window. (You can omit “the boys”)

The road is being repaired by the workmen. (The road is being repaired)
TENSE TASK 3

Change the following from indirect to direct speech.

1. Jean said that she had lost her shoes.

1. Jean said, “I have lost my shoes”.

2. Fred insisted that he would be driving his own car in the rally.

2. “I will be driving my car in the rally”, Fred insisted.

Fred insisted, “I will drive my own car in the rally.”

Fred insisted, “I will be driving my own car in the rally.”
Both of these refer to the future, and both are correct and can be used in any situation.
However, there is a slight difference between "will" and "will be".
The simple form (will) is as it suggests referring simply to what happens next but the
continuous form (will be) indicates or suggests a picture of activity in the future.
For example: I will walk home and I will be walking home
Both refer to walking home in the future, but the first statement is used when referring to the
next thing you are going to do i.e. during after work, while the second statement can be
used anytime from the day before to just before going to work.

3. Sally shouted that she would be on the train.

3. Sally shouted, “I will be on the train”.

Change the following from direct to indirect speech

1. She said, "I'm cold."

1. She said that she was cold.

2. The officer said, " They look like fugitives from Alcatraz."

2. The officers said we looked like fugitives from Alcatraz.

3. "What are you doing?" asked Sally.

3. Sally asked what we were doing?

It depends on whom Sally is addressing. For example, Sally may have asked me, what are you
doing? If I were to change that into indirect speech (maybe to a friend), I would say Sally
asked what I was doing.

On the other hand, perhaps I was present to hear Sally ask John, What are you doing? If,
again, I were to report on this to a friend, I would say Sally asked what he was doing. But if I
were to report on it to John, I would say Sally asked what you were doing.

Thus, if I am the object of inquiry (Sally may have asked me, what are you doing?), I phrase
the question indirectly as Sally asked what I was doing.

If a second person is the object of inquiry, and I'm reporting the question to them, I say Sally
asked what you were doing.

And if a second person is the object of inquiry and I'm reporting the question to a third
person, I say Sally asked what he/she was doing.

Overall Comments – I just can’t thank you enough for doing it so well Surya. Grammar isn’t about
linguistic straight jackets and rules; it is how creativity manifests itself in language. We need to teach
grammar not as something to hate or even as something to learn as a means to an end, but as a
fascinating and complex system to be discovered and explored for its own sake. In short, we need to
teach grammar as something to love. You seem to have a “fount of knowledge” about the structure of
grammar.

Keep up the wonderful work.

Total Marks – 95/100 Grade – A1