Service Repair Manual: Turbochargers
Service Repair Manual: Turbochargers
Service Repair Manual: Turbochargers
Foreword
This publication was written to assist with installation, maintenance and overhaul of the Holset
HX30/32/35/40W range of turbochargers. It is not a warranty of any kind expressed or implied.
The specifications and procedures in this manual are based on information in effect at the time of publication.
Holset Service reserves the right to make any changes at any time without obligation. If differences are found
between your turbocharger and the information in this manual, contact your local Holset approved agent.
The latest technology and the highest quality standards are used in the manufacture of Holset Turbochargers.
When replacement parts are needed, we recommend using only genuine Holset parts.
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1: Introduction
About the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
How to Use the Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
How to Order Holset Original Parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:1
Description and Operation of Turbocharger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Introduction to Turbocharger Matching. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:2
Notes, Cautions and Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:3
Installation Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:4
Installation Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:5
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1:6
2: Component Identification
Turbocharger Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Dataplate and CHRA (Core) of Turbocharger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:1
Installation Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:2
Exploded Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:4
Component List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:7
Purchasable Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2:9
3: Troubleshooting and Diagnosis
Fault Finding Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3:1
4: Component Testing and Replacement
Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:1
On Engine Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:2
Bearing Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:6
Turbine and Compressor Housings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:7
Cleaning of Housings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:15
Wastegate Actuator Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:17
Actuator Removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:18
Actuator Bracket Removal and Replacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:19
Wastegate Mechanism Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:20
Actuator Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4:22
5: Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Service Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:1
Compressor Wheel Locknut Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:2
Disassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:3
Component Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:7
Inspection and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:9
Reassembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5:15
6: Service Data Sheets
HX Range Service Data Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Contents is an interactive page with links to all the sections. It can be accessed from any page
in the manual by clicking this icon.
Section 1 defines the layout of the manual, introduces the reader to the operation of the turbocharger
and presents important installation guidelines.
Section 5 identifies the Service and Overhaul procedures to be followed in the unlikley event of a
major turbocharger malfunction.
Section 6 quantifies build data to ensure the turbocharger will continue to operate to Holset Service
standard on completion of overhaul.
Manual sections 1 to 5 where applicable, appear as a self extracting compressed file which is organised
according to the steps needed to most easily and correctly maintain the operation of the turbocharger. Users
are required to download this file to hard disk. Section 6 has its own file identity and resides at
www.holset.co.uk. so that Holset can update the Service Data as changes occur. The links between manual
and service data are active only when the user is connected to the Internet.
Chapter 6 has an expiry date to encourage users to discard outdated saved or printed versions and always
access the latest information available at www.holset.co.uk.
When using the manual on-line this icon will link to Holset’s website to help find your nearest agent
for advice and how to order Holset original parts.
To get the correct parts for your turbocharger, refer to the ‘component identification’ section of this manual to
help you find the following information:
1) Refer to the exploded view and component list to define the major components to be replaced.
2) Refer to the turbocharger’s dataplate which will be found on the compressor housing or wastegate
actuator to define the identifying information about your turbocharger build standard.
3) Contact your local Holset agent with componant identification nos. and dataplate assembly no., serial
no. and turbocharger type.
4) With this information, your local agent can provide you with the optimum kit of parts for re-assembling
your turbocharger for continued long life operation.
1:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Engine emission legislations have forced manufacturers to improve their engine efficiencies, particularly at low
speeds where low air/fuel ratios cause high smoke levels.
The Holset integral wastegate turbocharger is a cost effective solution to this problem and for a small increase
in complexity, a simple variable flow turbine housing has been achieved.
Integral wastegate turbochargers have been available for passenger cars for many years. Holset has developed
such a turbocharger with components designed for extended life equal to that of standard commercial vehicle
turbochargers.
1:2
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Caution
Maintanence or Service procedures which if not strictly followed, will result in damage or destruction of the
turbocharger.
Warning
Maintanence or Service procedures which if not correctly followed will result in personal injury or loss of life.
Note
Holset turbochargers can be remanufactured using recovered parts. Where it is necessary to dispose of
components or whole turbochargers, an environmentally responsible process such as recycling should be
used, with due regard to local laws.
Note
Holset Service receives many turbocharger returns that are no fault found. Before assuming the turbocharger
is not performing to specification always refer to the engine diagnostic system and the troubleshooting
diagnostic procedures of this manual.
Warning
Turbocharger surface temperature during operation can achieve 700°C (1300°F). The HX30/32/35/40W range
of turbochargers weighs up to 15 kg (33 lb) and is fitted with external parts that are sensitive to manual
handling.
Caution
This turbocharger may have been manufactured using the ‘core balance’ process and therefore MUST be
check balanced on rebuild.
A core balanced turbocharger will not have any co-relation marks. If you intend to overhaul/repair a core
balanced turbocharger, and do not have access to a core balancing machine, we recommend that you make
your own rotor co-relation marks during disassembly so that these parts can be reassembled in the same
relative positions.
Balance limits for turbocharger rebuild are shown on Holset’s Service Data Sheet.
It is important to note that operating a turbocharger with a rotor or core balance level greater than the
published limits could cause turbocharger or engine failure. If you are in any doubt regarding the balancing
process, please contact an approved Holset agent for assistance.
Caution
Never remove the wastegate actuator or mounting bracket from the turbine housing, unless the actuator is to
be renewed. It is possible to leave the turbine housing, bracket and actuator as an assembly while servicing
the turbocharger.
Never adjust the link-rod of an assembled wastegate turbocharger. The link-rods are set by the O.E. supplier
to precise limits which must be adhered to.
Always check that the actuator and wastegate mechanism is still in good working order, before proceding with
disassembly of your wastegate turbocharger.
Warning
Some parts are manufactured in Viton that requires special treatment during repair and service after fire.
1:3
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Installation Data
1. Holset Service receives many turbocharger returns that are no fault found. Before assuming the
turbocharger is not performing to specification always refer to the engine diagnostic system and the fault
finding chart of this manual to make all the recommended health checks.
2. It is important that intake and exhaust systems are fitted in accordance with the recommendations of
the Equipment and Engine manufacturers. Limiting mass inertia loading is critical to turbocharger wholelife
operation. Maximum engine vibration input must not exceed 10g.
3. The air filter must remove particles greater than 5µm at an efficiency of 95% and be of sufficient capacity
to match the air consumption of the engine. Recommended filters should always be used with a pressure
drop indicator. Intake systems must be capable of withstanding depressions up to 6.9 kPa (1.0 lbf/in2).
4. Hose and clip connections of intake manifold systems must be capable of withstanding the turbocharger
pressure ratio. V band clamps are preferred and must be used above 3:1 pressure ratio.
5. Exhaust systems must be capable of operating at exhaust back pressures of up to 10 kPa (1.5 lbf/in2).
This limit is increased to 13.4 kPa (2.0 lbf/in2) if a catalytic converter is fitted. Exhaust brake applications
are permitted to impose 450 kPa (65.3 lbf/in2) back pressure.
6. Oil should be filtered to 10µm with efficiency of 60% TWA (Time Weighted Average) /20 µm with efficiency
of 85% TWA. Efficiency assessed using ISO Standard 4572/SAE J 1858.
7. The oil quality must be as specified by the engine manufacturer and will be a minimum API SE - CD
(MIL - L - 2104C) specification. Improved life can be obtained by using super high performance diesel
(SHPD) oils, particularly in industrial applications which use extended oil drain periods.
8. Normal oil temperature is 95+/-5°C (203+/-9° F). It should not exceed 120°C (248°F) under any operating
condition.
9. Any pre-lube oil must be clean and meet the minimum CD classification.
10. The orientation of turbine housing, bearing housing and compressor cover is fixed according to
application. During installation, do not attempt to rotate these components. Inclined turbocharger
installation is not recommended. If an installed angle is necessary, oil inlet centreline must be +/- 10
degrees from vertical and rotor centreline +/- 5 degrees from horizontal.
11. Holset permits oil return pipes to decline at an overall angle of not less than 30 degrees below horizontal.
All turbocharger applications require a pipe of internal diameter greater than 19 mm which has integrated
connectors. To ensure oil returns into the engine under all operating conditions, the return connection
into the engine sump must not be submerged and the outlet flange of the turbocharger must be 50 mm
above the maximum oil level of the engine sump pan. Crankcase pressure should be limited ideally to 0.8
kPa (0.12 lbf/in2) but 1.4 kPa (0.20 lbf/in2) can be accepted by reference to Holset.
12. Oil pressure of 150 kPa (20 lbf/in2) must show at the oil inlet within 3 - 4 seconds of engine firing to
prevent damage to turbocharger bearing system. A flexible supply pipe is recommended.
13. The minimum oil pressure when the engine is on load must be 210 kPa (30 lbf/in2). Maximum
permissible operating pressure is 500 kPa (72 lbf/in2) although 600 kPa (88 lbf/in2) is permitted during
cold start up. Under idling conditions pressure should not fall below 70 kPa (10 lbf/in2).
14. Recommended oil flows for the turbochargers are 2 litre/min at idle and 3 litre/min above maximum
torque speed.
15. Do not use liquid gasket substances or thread sealant as any excess can enter the turbocharger oil
system to obstruct flow.
16. Recommended coolant flows for the turbochargers are 2 litre/min at idle and 7 - 10 litre/min above
maximum torque speed.
Note:
100 kPa = 1 bar (14.5037 lbf/in2 =psi).
1:4
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Installation Checklist
1. Always understand why the original turbocharger needs replacing before fitting another unit.
2. Check the turbocharger dataplate to ensure the Part No. is correct for the engine/application.
3. Check the engine exhaust, intake and aftercooler systems are clean and without obstruction i.e. free from
oil, gasket pieces, dust/dirt/carbon or foreign objects.
4. Replace the oil and air filters using replacement parts specified by the equipment manufacturer.
5. Change the engine oil using the type specified by the engine manufacturer.
6. Check that the turbocharger oil inlet and drain pipes and connectors are clean, free from obstruction and
will not leak under pressure.
7. Check that the coolant pipes of water cooled bearing housing applications and connectors are clean, free
from obstruction and will not leak under pressure.
8. To pre-lube the turbocharger bearings, pour some clean engine oil into the oil inlet and rotate the
turbocharger rotor assembly by hand.
9. Check that the exhaust manifold flange is flat and undamaged. Mount the turbocharger on the flange and
check that the turbine inlet gasket fits properly without obstructing the gas passages.
10. Assemble the air intake and boost outlet connections. Check that the connections are well made and will
not leak in use.
11. Check the exhaust system is fitted using the original mounting arrangement provided by the equipment
manufacturer. Always re-fit any supports/brackets back in position to ensure the system is correctly
supported.
12. Assemble the exhaust system to the turbine housing outlet. Check that the gasket/connection is well made
and will not leak in use.
13. Assemble any coolant pipes and check that the connections are well made, without obstruction and will
not leak in use.
14. Assemble the turbocharger oil inlet pipe and check that the connection is clean, well made and will not
leak in use.
15. Check all clamps and fasteners are correctly tightened to the torque recommended by the equipment
manufacturer.
16. Connect the air pipe from the compressor housing/inlet manifold to the wastegate actuator ensuring the
pipe bore is clean and dry before fitment.
17. Make any ECU checks recommended by the engine manufacturer.
18. Crank the engine WITHOUT firing until engine oil flows out of the turbocharger drain flange.
19. Assemble the oil drain pipe and check that the connection is well made, without obstruction and will not
leak in use.
20. Start the engine and run at idle speed for approximately 1 minute so that the oil supply system is fully
operational.
21. Accelerate the engine and check that there are no leaks/obstructions of air/oil/coolant/gas under pressure.
22. Check that no hose or connection deforms under normal operation.
23. Before switching off the engine, leave it running at idle speed for at least 1 minute to cool the turbine.
1:5
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Symbols
Symbole - Deutsch
In diesem Handbuch werden die folgenden Symbole verwendet, die wesentliche Funktionen hervorheben. Die
Symbole haben folgende Bedeutung:
WARNUNG - Unterhaltungs und Wartungsverfahren müssen genau befolgt werden, da ein
Nichtbeachten zu Personenschäden oder tödlichen Verletzungen führt.
ACHTUNG - Falls Unterhaltungs und Wartungsverfahren nicht genau beachtet werden, kann der
Turbolader dadurch beschädigt oder zerstört werden.
INSRPEKTION erforderlich.
Gehe zu Inhalt
1:6
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Symbols - English
The following group of symbols have been used in this manual to help communicate the intent of the
instructions. When one of the symbols appears, it conveys the meaning defined below.
WARNING - Serious personal injury or extensive property damage can result if the warning
instructions are not followed.
CAUTION - Minor personal injury can result or a part, an assembly or the engine can be damaged if
the caution instructions are not followed.
INSPECTION is required.
Ensure that the BALANCE MARKS on the rotor assembly are in alignment
Refer to another location in this manual or another publication for additional information.
Go to contents
1:7
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Simbolos - Español
Los simbolos siguientes son usados en estes manual para clarificar el proceso de las instrucciones. Cuado
aparece uno de estos simbolos, su significado se espcifica en la parte inferior.
ADVERTENCIA – Procedimientos de Mantenimiento o Servicio que al no seguirse resultarán en
daños personales o pérdida de vida.
ATENCION – Procedimientos de Mantenimiento o Servicio que al no seguirse al pie de la letra,
resultarán en el daño o la destrucción del turbosobrealimentador.
Se requiere INSPECCION.
Para información adicional refiérase a otro emplazamiento de este manual o a otra publicación
anterior.
KG
Indica que los componentes pueden ser pesados.
Ir a la tabla de materias
1:8
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Symboles - Français
Les symboles suivants sont utilisés dans ce manuel pour aider à communiquer le but des instructions. Quand
l’un de ces symboles apparait, il évoque le sens défini ci-dessous:
ATTENTION DANGER - Procédures de maintenance ou d’entretien qui, si elles ne pas observées
correctement, auront pour résultat des lésions corporelles ou un décès.
MISE EN GARDE - Procédures de maintenance ou d’entretien qui, si elles ne sont pas observées
strictement, auront pour résultat de causer des dégâts au turbocompresseur ou de conduire à sa
destruction.
Indique une opération de DEPOSE.
S’assurer que les repères d’équilibrage sur l’ensemble de rotor sont alignés.
Se reporter à un autre endroit dans ce manuel ou à une autre publication pour obtenir des
information plus complètes.
Il faut toujours mettre vêtements de protection.
Aller au sommaire
1:9
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Introduction
Símbolos - Português
Os símbolos a seguir serão utilizados neste manual para facilitar a comunicação das instruções e seue
significados estão déscritos abaixo.
ATENÇÃO - Os procedimentos de Manutenção ou Serviços que não forem seguidos correctamente
resultarão em ferimentos pessoais ou riscos de vida.
AVISO - Os procedimentos de Manutenção ou Serviço que não forem rigorosamente seguidos
resultarão em danos ou destruição do carregador turbo.
Requer inspeção.
Procure em outra seção deste manual ou em publicação par obter informações adicionais
Vá para Conteúdo
1:10
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Turbocharger Identification
Dataplate
35XXXXX
XYYMMXXXXX
HX30W
Note
Dataplates will be fitted to the compressor housing
(8). The information from the dataplate must be
quoted for service and parts support.
2:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Installation Options
Type A
Type B
Type C
2:2
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Type D
Type E
Type F
2:3
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
91
61
22 82 7
75 66
81 43
32
16
31
33
36
11
70
11
12
64
64
64
64
96 13
62
53
4
38
62
6
28
71
28
5
46
80 67
74 136
Note
Exploded views represent a generic build standard. Parts may be added or subtracted in specific applications.
2:4
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
34
8
91
61
82
75
7
81 66
43
32
16
31
33
36
11 114
113
12 11 41
114
64
64
64
64
13
13
41
88
57 53
4
88 38
6
57
71
5
136
74 46
80 67
Note
Exploded views represent a generic build standard. Parts may be added or subtracted in specific applications.
2:5
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
34 8
22
91
75 61
81 7
66
43
32
16
31
33
36
11
114
11 113
12
114
64
64
64
64
41 13
88
53
4
38
6
57
71
5
46
74 80
67
Note
Exploded views represent a generic build standard. Parts may be added or subtracted in specific applications.
2:6
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Note
Exploded views may not contain all listed components.
2:7
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Note
Exploded views may not contain all listed components.
2:8
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Identification
Caution
All Service and Maintenance settings are shown in Holset’s Service Data Sheet. It is essential that these
settings are used. Common tools found in mechanic’s tool box not included.
2:9
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Troubleshooting and Diagnosis
Turbocharger Noisy
Smoke
Dirty air cleaner
Clean or replace element according to manufacturer s recommendations
Restricted compressor intake duct
Remove restriction or replace damaged parts as required
Restricted air duct from compressor to intake manifold
Remove restriction or replace damaged parts as required
Restricted intake manifold
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and remove restriction
Air leak in feed from air cleaner to compressor
Replace seals, gaskets or tighten fasteners as required
Air leak in feed from compressor to intake manifold
Replace seals, gaskets or tighten fasteners as required
Air leak between intake manifold and engine
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and replace gaskets or tighten fasteners as required
Foreign object in exhaust manifold (from engine)
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and remove obstruction
Restricted exhaust system
Remove restriction or replace damaged parts as required
Exhaust manifold cracked, gaskets blown or missing
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and replace gaskets or damaged parts as required
Gas leak at turbine inlet/exhaust manifold joint
Replace gasket or tighten fasteners as required
Gas leak in ducting after turbine outlet
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and repair leak
Restricted turbocharger oil drain line
Remove restriction or replace damaged parts as required
Restricted engine crankcase breather
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual, clear restriction
Turbocharger bearing housing sludged or coked
Change engine oil and oil filter, overhaul or replace turbocharger as required
Fuel injection pump or fuel injectors incorrectly set
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and replace or adjust faulty components as required
Engine valve timing incorrect
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual for correct settings and adjust as required
Worn engine piston rings or liners
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and repair as required
Burnt valves and/or pistons
Refer to engine manufacturer s manual and repair as required
Excessive dirt build up on compressor wheel and/or diffuser vanes
Clean in accordance with details in the appropriate Holset publication
Turbocharger damaged
Find and correct cause of failure, repair or replace turbocharger as necessary
Failed actuator diaphragm
Replace using correct Actuator Service Kit
Seized wastegate valve (in turbine housing)
Free valve in accordance with details in the appropriate Holset publication replace complete turbine
housing sub-assembly
Leaking actuator hose
Replace hose and clips
Wastegate mechanism set incorrectly
Contact your approved Holset agent for correct setting procedure
3:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Service Tools
The following special tools are recommended to perform procedures in this manual. The use of these tools is
shown in the appropriate procedure.
Part No. Tool Description Tool Illustration
Torque Wrench
TYPE 20
20 20
30 30
MERCER
40 40
50
Pressure Gauge
Regulated Air Supply (Max 3 bar-45 lbf/in2)
Caution
All Service and Maintenance settings are shown in Holset’s Service Data Sheet. It is essential that these
settings are used. Common tools found in mechanic’s tool box not included.
4:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
On Engine Checks
Oil Leakage
Flange fitting M8 x 1.25
Warning
The oil inlet is pressurized and no service action
should be taken with the engine running.
Warning
Outlet oil is hot and no service action should be taken
with the engine running.
Warning
The oil inlet is pressurized and no service action
should be taken with the engine running.
Replacement seals and adapters should be fitted
without sealant as this can contaminate the oil. Torque
tighten adapter to value shown in Service Data Sheet.
It is important to avoid kinked pipes during servicing
and subsequent operation.
4:2
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
M8 (13 mm)
Where practical remove exhaust system pipework to
check cover plate gasket condition (where fitted). Check
flange sealing face for cracking and distortion.
4:3
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Coolant Leakage
M16 x 1.5
Repair by replacement of coolant inlet and outlet
fittings. Where housing threads are damaged replace
turbocharger. Torque tighten adapters to value specified
by engine manufacturerer.
Caution
Do not use sealant as this may affect performance of
o-ring seals.
Visual Checks
Check for cracked, bent or damaged compressor wheel
blades.
Caution
Never attempt to straighten blades.
Caution
Never attempt to straighten blades.
4:4
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Never attempt to check actuator using air supplied
from a running engine.
4:5
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Bearing Clearance
Secure the turbine housing and check the axial
clearance using a dial gauge.
Ensure clearance is within MIN/MAX values shown on
Service Data Sheet.
If axial clearance does not meet specification refer to
turbocharger Service and Overhaul to strip and rebuild KG
the CHRA (core).
4:6
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
The actuator rod may retract very quickly when freed
from lever arm keep fingers away from mechanism.
Always wear safety glasses when removing housings.
Turbine Housing
Note
Turbine housing option with cover plate fitted can be
removed without removing the cover plate.
V-band Option
M6 x 1 (10 mm)
Turn turbocharger on to turbine outlet face. Loosen
locknut, v-band clamp (62) and discard.
Caution
Some locknuts have a self-locking feature. These must
be replaced every time they are removed to ensure
long term clamp loading of the v-band.
KG
Caution
Take care not to shear the clamp plate bolts.
4:7
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Caution
Turbine blades can be damaged easily when the
turbine housing is removed. Do not bend the locating
pin that aligns bearing housing and turbine housing.
Caution
Turbine housings can exhibit cracking when subject to
excessive thermal and mechanical loads.
4:8
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Caution
Turbine housings can exhibit cracking when subject to
excessive thermal and mechanical loads.
Caution
Where a crack will cause leakage to atmosphere the
turbine housing must be replaced.
Caution
The turbine blades can be easily damaged when
installing in the turbine housing
V-band Option
M6 x 1 (10 mm)
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when refitting housings
Caution
Ensure locknut, v-band clamp is clean and oil free
before torque tightening.
Note
There are T- bolt and Hex- bolt versions of v-band
clamp but thread detail is common.
KG
Caution
On turbochargers with compressor mounted
wastegates, refer to Actuator Replacement when
attaching end link to valve mechanism.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or refitting
retaining rings.
KG
Compressor Housing
Note
On turbochargers with compressor mounted
wastegates it is necessary to free actuator end link
before removing compressor or turbine housings.
Always ensure the end link is locked in position before
removal. Refer to Wastegate Actuator Removal for
removal process.
Warning
The actuator rod may retract very quickly when freed
from lever arm keep fingers away from mechanism.
Always wear safety glasses when removing housings.
4:10
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Note
Some HX35/40W compressor housings are roll
pinned to bearing housings. KG
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing retaining
ring.
KG
Caution
Compressor blades can be damaged easily when the
compressor housing is removed. Do not bend the roll
pin (where fitted) that aligns bearing housing and
compressor housing.
Caution
Always fit a new seal on reassembly.
4:11
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Caution
Good groove and abutment face condition are critical
to the integrity of compressor housing to bearing
housing joint.
Caution
Always fit the new type of baffle (B) on re-assembly.
Caution C D
When removing the inlet baffle retaining ring, be
careful not to damage the compressor wheel with the
screw driver. Use a rag or rubber bung to protect the
wheel.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
4:12
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
Caution
The compressor wheel blades can be easily
damaged when the CHRA is installed.
Caution
Be careful not to bend the roll pin during assembly.
Caution
The retaining ring must be fitted with the chamfered
face upwards away from the compressor housing.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
KG
4:13
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
Caution
Ensure that drift does not damage bearing housing KG
during this operation.
Caution
On turbochargers with compressor mounted
wastegates, refer to Actuator Replacement when
attaching end link to valve mechanism.
KG
4:14
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Cleaning of Housings
Visually inspect the parts to detect signs of burning and
other conditions in order to obtain as much information
as possible before washing.
Caution
Housing surfaces adjacent to turbine and compressor
wheels must be clean, smooth and free from
deposits.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
4:15
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Do not bead blast Aluminium and Cast Iron
components together.
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Caution
Prevent the bead spray impinging directly on to the
wastegate valve spindle as beads can penetrate the
spindle bore, leading to spindle seizure.
4:16
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during the disassembly
process. KG
Warning
Avoid touching the wastegate rod end area as finger
injury may result from sudden movement of the
assembly when air pressure is applied.
Carefully apply pressure to the actuator from the
regulated compressed air supply (Max 3 bar, 45 lbf/in2)
and check for actuator movement.
4:17
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Actuator Removal
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during the disassembly
process.
Caution
Do not rotate actuator rod relative to actuator as this KG
can damage actuator internal components
Warning
The rod may retract very quickly when freed from
lever arm. Keep fingers away from mechanism.
M6 x 1 (10 mm)
1/4 - 28 UNF2B (7/16 in)
Caution
Do not adjust the end link. This setting is critical to
actuator performance.
Note
Compressor mounted actuators are removed using
the same four process steps.
4:18
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
MAN HX40W
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during the removal and
replacement process.
4:19
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when checking wastegate
mechanism.
M8 (13 mm)
Caution
Take care not to shear the 5 coverplate bolts.
Caution
Extra care must be taken when attempting to free
the valve mechanism. Any damage will result in the
replacement of the turbine housing.
4:20
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Caution
If the wastegate valve mechanism shows any fault, it
must be replaced. Using damaged turbine housings
will lead to inferior performance of the turbocharger,
and risk of irreparable damage to both turbocharger
and engine.
Radial cracks can occur around the valve seat when the
turbocharger has been abused or overheated.
Caution
If the wastegate shows any fault, it must be replaced.
4:21
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Caution
Contact your local approved agent for the correct KG
replacement actuator kit. It is important to quote the
correct turbocharger assembly number, serial number
and type from the dataplate to ensure the supply of
the correct pre-set actuator.
Note
When refitting existing actuator the end link will be
locked in the correct setting.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during the assembly
process.
Caution
Do not apply force to push the actuator on to the
mounting face of the bracket.
Note
Do not fit the two mounting studs into the
bracket mounting holes at this stage.
4:22
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Re-fit end link to the lever arm pivot pin. Fit new
e-clip (77) using special tool Part No. 4027204 to retain
end link on pin.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when fitting retaining
rings.
Caution
Before mounting turbocharger on engine, check for
full and free wastegate movement, previously
described in Wastegate Actuator Checks.
Refit the air supply hose with new clips (75). Clips
should be crimped closed using pinsers. Crimp gap will
vary due to spring back and hose type but will not be
less than 0.6 mm (0.0025 in).
Suitable alternative hose clamps can be used.
4:23
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Component Testing and Replacement
Note
Compressor mounted actuators are replaced using
the same seven process steps.
4:24
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Service Tools
The following special tools are recommended to perform procedures in this manual. The use of these tools is
shown in the appropriate procedure. These tools can be purchased from your local Authorised Repair Location.
Torque Wrench
TYPE 20
20 20
30 30
MERCER
40 40
50
Pressure Gauge
Regulated Air Supply (Max 3 bar-45 lbf/in2)
Caution
All Service and Maintenance settings are shown in Holset’s Service Data Sheet. It is essential that these
settings are used. Common tools found in mechanic’s tool box not included.
5:1
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Title
Caution
Rotor balance MUST always be checked before
re-assembly.
Caution
Correct torque tightening is critical to turbocharger life.
Never under- or over-torque the compressor locknut.
5:2
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Disassembly
Locate part built CHRA on to 14 mm (HX30/32W) or 19
mm (HX35/40W) 12 point socket located in a suitable
fixture or vice.
Caution
Always make sure the turbine wheel shaft and
compressor wheel have alignment marks before
disassembly of the CHRA.
M7 LH (10mm or 13 mm)
Remove the locknut, compressor wheel (61).
Note
Left hand thread.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during disassembly
process.
5:3
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing sealing
rings.
Caution
Care should be taken not to score the turbine wheel
shaft assembly.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing retaining
rings.
5:4
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing sealing
rings.
5:5
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing retaining
rings.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing retaining
rings.
5:6
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Component Cleaning
Visually inspect all parts to detect signs of burning and
other fault conditions in order to obtain as much
information as possible before washing.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
5:7
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Do not bead blast Aluminium and Cast Iron
components together.
It is permissible to bead blast the turbine housing if
chemical and brush cleaning is not effective.
Caution
Housing surfaces adjacent to turbine and compressor
wheels must be clean, smooth and free from deposits.
Always protect threads during bead blasting and clean
with the specified thread tap after blasting.
Caution
Do not bead blast the bearing housing as this may
damage critical bearing surfaces.
Caution
Blasting specific areas for long periods of time may
affect component balance. Protect thread of turbine
wheel assembly.
Caution
Always clean components with compressed air after
blasting.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during cleaning.
Caution
Do not bead blast the Aluminium compressor housing
as this may damage critical surfaces.
5:8
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
10
TYPE 20
40
MERCER
40
30
Caution
Do not attempt to straighten the turbine shaft.
*
Inspect split ring seal, turbine (13) groove walls for
wear. If groove width exceeds recommended maximum
replace assembly.
Single ring seal 1.69 mm (0.067 in)
Dual ring seal 3.55 mm (0.140 in)
If the wear step on the ring face exceeds 0.102 mm
(0.004 in) replace split ring seal, turbine.
If the free gap of the ring is less than 2.0 mm (0.08 in)
replace split ring seal, turbine.
Caution
Never attempt to straighten blades.
5:9
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Compressor Wheel
Inspect compressor wheel (7), for cracked, bent or
damaged blades.
Caution
Do not attempt to straighten blades.
Compressor Housing
Inspect internal profile of compressor housing (8), for
scoring damage due to possible contact with
compressor wheel.
Return to Component Cleaning if deposits remain.
Caution
Good groove and abutment face condition are critical
to the integrity of compressor housing to bearing
housing joint.
5:10
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
M8 (13 mm)
Caution
Take care not to shear the 5 coverplate bolts.
Turbine Housing
Inspect the turbine housing (5) profile for damage
caused by possible contact with the rotor. Inspect the
outer and internal walls for cracks or flaking caused by
overheating.
Check turbine housing inlet flange flatness is within
0.1 mm (0.004 in). Check fastener hole diameter is not
more than 1.5 mm larger than the max. thread diameter
of the fastener.
Check v-band flange options for fretting damage. Check
clamp plate threaded hole options with the specified
thread gauge, (M8 X 1.25).
Replace with new if any of the above features are non
compliant.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when testing the
wastegate mechanism.
Caution
Extra care must be taken when attempting to free the
valve mechanism. Any damage will result in the
replacement of the turbine housing.
5:11
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Caution
If the wastegate valve mechanism shows any fault, it
must be replaced. Using damaged turbine housings
will lead to inferior performance of the turbocharger,
and risk of irreparable damage to both turbocharger
and engine.
Radial cracks can occur around the valve seat when the
turbocharger has been abused or overheated.
Caution
If the wastegate shows any fault, it must be replaced.
5:12
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Caution
Bearing housing clamp plate interface can corrode in
high temperature operation. Bearing housings
showing corrosion or v band fretting damage must be
replaced.
Liquid Cooled Bearing Housing
M16 x 1.5
Ensure all coolant port threads are clean then check
with the appropriate thread gauge.
Small Components
Oil Slinger
Inspect and replace oil slinger (31) if the split ring seal,
compressor (16) * groove walls are scored or
damaged or if groove width exceeds a maximum of
1.67 mm (0.066 in).
Check for signs of rubbing and scoring on the thrust
surface and replace where damage is severe.
If the ring faces show any signs of wear replace the
split ring seal, compressor (16) .
*
If the free gap of the ring is less than 2.0 mm (0.08 in)
replace the split ring seal, compressor (16) .
*
Oil seal plate
Inspect the seal bore of the oil seal plate (43) and
replace if scored or damaged.
5:13
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Heat Shield
Check and replace if the heat shield (38) is distorted or
if signs of rubbing or cracking are visible.
Thrust Collar
Check and replace if thrust collar (36) is scored on
thrust face or if any cracks are visible.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when removing or
refitting retaining rings.
5:14
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Reassembly
Rotor Balance
Caution
This turbocharger may have been manufactured using
the core balance process. Rotor balance MUST
always be checked on re-build.
The balance process requires a purpose built rig and Balance Flow Chart
Halt Clean
Rotation Component
Caution
Always make sure the balance marks on the rotor
assembly are in alignment when rebuilding the
turbocharger.
Caution
Both 6 and 12 point nuts have been used on this
range of turbochargers. Ensure correct tightening
torque specified in Service Data Sheet is used.
5:15
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Turbocharger Reassembly
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when refitting retaining
rings.
Caution
Make sure the circlips are always fitted with the
bevelled edge facing the journal bearing. Premature
failure will result from incorrect fitting.
5:16
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when refitting sealing
rings.
Caution
Align dual split ring seals (13) so the gaps are
positioned 180˚ apart. Gently press down on the
turbine wheel - a slight rotation of the wheel will assist
in properly locating the split ring seals.
Lubricate the shaft with clean engine oil and insert into
the journal bearings. Positively locate the seal ring
*
(13) into position and ensure the assembly turbine
wheel rotates freely.
Caution
Align the balance mark on the thrust collar with that
on the shaft, if applicable.
5:17
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
5:18
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Align the tongue of the oil baffle with the aperture in the
bearing housing and install the seal plate assembly.
Caution
Align the balance mark on the oil slinger with that on
the shaft, if applicable.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when refitting retaining
rings.
Locate part built CHRA on to 14 mm (HX30/32W) or 19
mm (HX35/40W) 12 point socket located in a suitable
fixture or vice.
Use circlip pliers Part No. 56662 to install the insert,
retaining ring (66).It may be necessary to lift the
bearing housing to its upper clearance limit to fully
expose circlip groove.
Caution
The retaining ring must be fitted with the chamfered
face upwards away from the oil seal plate.
5:19
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Caution
Before installation ensure compressor wheel is clean
and back face is free from oil. After installation smear
light oil to shaft thread and compressor wheel locknut
face.
M7 LH (10 or 13 mm)
Install the locknut, compressor wheel (61) and tighten
to the torque value defined in the Service Data Sheet.
Caution
Ensure locknut, compressor wheel is clean and
smeared with light oil. Hand tighten and correct any
excessive/unusaul torque characteristic before torque
tightening.
Caution
Ensure that the balance marks remain aligned on
compressor wheel and shaft throughout torque
tightening sequence.
Caution
Both 6 and 12 point nuts have been used on this
range of turbochargers. Ensure correct tightening
torque specified in Service Data Sheet is used.
Note
Left hand thread.
Lubricate o-ring seal (41) (where fitted)with clean
engine oil and install into retaining groove
5:20
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
V-band Option
Place turbine housing (5) on a clean surface. Place
v-band clamp loosely into position on the turbine
housing. Carefully slide CHRA (2) assembly into the
turbine housing.
Caution
The turbine wheel blades can be easily damaged
when the CHRA is installed.
M6 x 1 (10mm)
Place v-band clamp, turbine (28) in position and torque
*
tighten new locknut v-band (62) to value specified in
Service Data Sheet.
Ensure rotor assembly freely rotates.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during assembly process.
Note
There are T-bolt and Hex-bolt versions of v-band
clamp but thread detail is common.
Caution
Ensure locknut, v-band clamp is clean and oil free
before torque tightening.
30 30
50
40
5:21
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
30
20
10
40
Service Data Sheet.
MERCER
-0+
50
TYPE 20
40
10
30
20
Place compressor housing (8) on a clean surface.
Carefully slide CHRA (2) assembly into the compressor
housing. Use alignment marks to locate assembly onto
roll pin (where fitted) into the bearing housing.
Caution
The compressor wheel blades can be easily damaged
when the CHRA is installed.
KG
Caution
Be careful not to bend the roll pin during assembly.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when refitting retaining
rings.
Caution
The retaining ring must be fitted with the chamfered
face upwards away from the compressor housing.
Caution
Ensure that drift does not damage bearing housing
during this operation.
5:22
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Caution
Contact your local approved dealer for the correct
replacement actuator kit (74). It is important to quote
the correct turbocharger assembly number, serial
number and type to ensure the supply of the correct
pre-set actuator.
Note
When refitting existing actuator the end link (76) will
be locked in the correct setting.
Note
Do not fit the wastegate studs to the bracket at this
stage.
To adjust the length of the actuator assembly, remove <0.020"
(0.5mm)
from the turbocharger. Rotate the end link (76) to
shorten or lengthen the rod as appropriate. Re-fit, until
the underside of the pre-set actuator (73) will just fit
over the bracket mounting face with less than 0.5 mm
(0.020 in) gap.
Caution
Do not apply force to push the actuator on to the
mouting face of the bracket.
5:23
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during assembly process.
Caution
Do not rotate actuator rod relative to actuator as this
can damage actuator internal components.
Re-fit end link to the lever arm pivot pin. Fit new end
link, retaining clip (77) using service tool Part No.
4027202 to retain rod end on pin.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses when fitting retaining
rings.
5:24
HX30/32/35/40W Service Repair Manual Turbocharger Service and Overhaul
Caution
Before mounting turbocharger on engine, check for full
and free wastegate movement.
M8 (13 mm)
Replace cover plate (option) (80) and tighten cover
plate bolts (67) to torque value specified in the
Service Data Sheet.
Warning
Always wear safety glasses during assembly process.
KG
5:25