Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level
Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level
Cambridge International Advanced Subsidiary and Advanced Level
SOCIOLOGY 9699/21
Paper 2 Theory and Methods May/June 2019
1 hour 30 minutes
No Additional Materials are required.
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2
Section A
Answer Question 1.
Some types of sociological research, such as large-scale surveys, can be costly and require
considerable funding. For example, longitudinal studies are costly because they collect large amounts
of quantitative data from a sample at regular intervals over many years. Cost can also be a concern
with qualitative methods. For example, methods that produce qualitative data, such as participant
observation, can take a long time to complete. This can be expensive for the researcher. One issue
linked to research expense is that the study may be influenced by sources of funding.
Rather than opting for either a quantitative or qualitative approach, some sociologists use a mix of
different methods to combine the approaches. For example, Parker studied illegal drug use among
young people using questionnaires and unstructured interviews.
(b) Describe two ways in which a study may be influenced by sources of funding. [4]
(d) Assess the arguments for using a mix of different methods in sociological research. [11]
Section B
2 ‘It is a mistake to use a scientific approach in sociological research.’ Explain and assess this view.
[25]
3 ‘Modernist sociological theories are no longer useful in understanding the way in which societies
work.’ Explain and assess this postmodernist view. [25]
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