Set Theory and Relations 5

10. Let A = [x : x  R,| x |  1]; B = [x : x  R,| x − 1 |  1] and

A  B = R − D, then the set D is
(a) [ x : 1  x  2] (b) [ x : 1  x  2]
(c) [ x : 1  x  2] (d) None of these
11. If the sets A and B are defined as A = {(x , y) : y = e x , x  R} ;
Set theory B = {(x , y) : y = x , x  R}, then [UPSEAT 1994, 99, 2002]

1. The set of intelligent students in a class is [AMU 1998] (a) B  A (b) A  B

(a) A null set (c) A  B =  (d) A  B = A
(b) A singleton set
12. If X = {4 − 3 n − 1 : n  N } and Y = {9(n − 1) : n  N }, then
n
(c) A finite set
X  Y is equal to [Karnataka CET 1997]
(d) Not a well defined collection
(a) X (b) Y
2. Which of the following is the empty set
(c) N (d) None of these
[Karnataka CET 1990]
13. Let n(U) = 700 , n( A) = 200 , n(B) = 300 and n( A  B) = 100 ,
(a) {x : x is a real number and x − 1 = 0}2

then n( A c  B c ) = [Kurukshetra CEE 1999]

(b) {x : x is a real number and x 2 + 1 = 0}
(a) 400 (b) 600
(c) {x : x is a real number and x 2 − 9 = 0} (c) 300 (d) 200
(d) {x : x is a real number and x 2 = x + 2} 14. In a town of 10,000 families it was found that 40% family
buy newspaper A, 20% buy newspaper B and 10% families
3. The set A = {x : x  R, x 2 = 16 and 2 x = 6} equals buy newspaper C, 5% families buy A and B, 3% buy B and C
[Karnataka CET 1995]
and 4% buy A and C. If 2% families buy all the three
newspapers, then number of families which buy A only is
(a)  (b) {14, 3, 4}
[Roorkee 1997]
(c) {3} (d) {4} (a) 3100 (b) 3300
4. If a set A has n elements, then the total number of subsets (c) 2900 (d) 1400
of A is [Roorkee 1991; Karnataka CET 1992, 2000]
15. In a city 20 percent of the population travels by car, 50
(a) n (b) n 2 percent travels by bus and 10 percent travels by both car
and bus. Then persons travelling by car or bus is
(c) 2 n (d) 2n
[Kerala (Engg.) 2002]
5. The number of proper subsets of the set {1, 2, 3} is
(a) 80 percent (b) 40 percent
[JMIEE 2000]
(c) 60 percent (d) 70 percent
(a) 8 (b) 7
16. In a class of 55 students, the number of students studying
(c) 6 (d) 5
different subjects are 23 in Mathematics, 24 in Physics, 19
6. Given the sets A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3,4} , C = {4, 5, 6}, then in Chemistry, 12 in Mathematics and Physics, 9 in
A  (B  C) is [MNR 1988; Kurukshetra CEE 1996] Mathematics and Chemistry, 7 in Physics and Chemistry and
4 in all the three subjects. The number of students who have
(a) {3} (b) {1, 2, 3, 4}
taken exactly one subject is [UPSEAT 1990]
(c) {1, 2, 4, 5} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
(a) 6 (b) 9
7. If A and B are any two sets, then A  ( A  B) is equal to
(c) 7 (d) All of these
[Karnataka CET 1996] 17. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A × (B  C) is equal to
(a) A (b) B (a) (A × B)  (A × C) (b) (A  B) × (A  C)
(c) Ac (d) B c (c) (A × B)  (A × C) (d) None of these
8. If A and B are two given sets, then A  ( A  B)c is equal to 18. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A – (B  C) is equal to
[AMU 1998; Kurukshetra CEE 1999] (a) (A – B)  (A – C) (b) (A – B)  (A – C)
(a) A (b) B (c) (A – B)  C (d) (A – B)  C
(c)  (d) A  B c 19. If A, B and C are non-empty sets, then (A – B)  (B – A)
equals [AMU 1992, 1998; DCE 1998]
9. If the sets A and B are defined as
(a) (A  B) – B (b) A – (A  B)
1
A = {(x , y ) : y = , 0  x  R} (c) (A  B) – (A  B) (d) (A  B)  (A  B)
x
20. If A = {2, 4, 5}, B = {7, 8, 9}, then n( A  B) is equal to
B = {(x , y ) : y = − x , x  R} , then
(a) 6 (b) 9
(a) A  B = A (b) A  B = B
(c) 3 (d) 0
(c) A  B =  (d) None of these 21. If the set A has p elements, B has q elements, then the
number of elements in A × B is [Karnataka CET 1999]
 6 Set Theory and Relations
(a) p + q (b) p + q + 1 (a) {3, 4, 10} (b) {2, 8, 10}
(c) {4, 5, 6} (d) {3, 5, 14}
(c) pq (d) p 2
36. If A and B are any two sets, then A  (A  B) is equal to
22. If A = {a, b}, B = {c, d}, C = {d, e}, then
(a) A (b) B
{(a, c),(a, d ),(a, e ),(b, c),(b, d ),(b, e )} is equal to
(c) A c (d) B c
[AMU 1999; Him. CET 2002] 37. If A, B, C be three sets such that A  B = A  C and A  B = A
(a) A  (B  C) (b) A  (B  C)  C, then [Roorkee 1991]
(c) A × (B  C) (d) A × (B  C) (a) A = B (b) B = C
23. If P, Q and R are subsets of a set A, then R × (Pc  Qc)c = (c) A = C (d) A = B = C
[Karnataka CET 1993] 38. Let A = {a, b, c}, B = {b, c, d}, C = {a, b, d, e}, then A  (B  C)
(a) (R × P)  (R × Q) (b) (R  Q)  (R  P) is [Kurukshetra CEE 1997]
(c) (R  P)  (R  Q) (d) None of these (a) {a, b, c} (b) {b, c, d}
24. In rule method the null set is represented by (c) {a, b, d, e} (d) {e}
[Karnataka CET 1998] 39. If A and B are sets, then A  (B – A) is
(a) {} (b)  (a)  (b) A
(c) { x : x = x } (d) { x : x  x } (c) B (d) None of these
25. A = { x : x  x } represents [Kurukshetra CEE 1998] 40. If A and B are two sets, then A  ( A  B) is equal to
(a) {0} (b) {} (a) A (b) B
(c) {1} (d) {x} (c)  (d) None of these
 1  41. Let U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 } , A = {1, 2, 5}, B = {6, 7} ,
26. If Q =  x : x = , where y  N  , then
 y  then A  B is
(a) 0  Q (b) 1  Q (a) B  (b) A
2 (c) A  (d) B
(c) 2  Q Q
(d) 42. If A is any set, then
3
(a) A  A =  (b) A  A = U
27. Which set is the subset of all given sets
(a) {1, 2, 3, 4,......} (b) {1} (c) A  A = U (d) None of these
(c) {0} (d) {} 43. If N a = [an : n  N }, then N 5  N 7 =
28. Let S = {0, 1, 5, 4, 7} . Then the total number of subsets of S [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
is (a) N 7 (b) N
(a) 64 (b) 32 (c) N 35 (d) N 5
(c) 40 (d) 20
(e) N 12
29. The number of non-empty subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4} is
[Karnataka CET 1997; AMU 1998] 44. If aN = {ax : x  N }, then the set 3 N  7 N is
(a) 15 (b) 14 (a) 21 N (b) 10 N
(c) 16 (d) 17 (c) 4 N (d) None of these
30. The smallest set A such that A  {1, 2} = {1, 2, 3, 5, 9} is 45. The shaded region in the given figure is [NDA 2000]
(a) {2, 3, 5} (b) {3, 5, 9} A
(a) A  (B  C)
(c) {1, 2, 5, 9} (d) None of these
(b) A  (B  C)
31. If A  B = B, then [JMIEE 2000]
(a) A  B (b) B  A (c) A  (B – C)
C B
(c) A =  (d) B =  (d) A – (B  C)
32. If A and B are two sets, then A  B = A  B iff 46. If A and B are two sets then (A – B)  (B – A)  (A  B) is
equal to
(a) A  B (b) B  A
(a) A  B (b) A  B
(c) A=B (d) None of these
(c) A (d) B 
33. Let A and B be two sets. Then 47. Let A and B be two sets then ( A  B)  ( A  B) is equal to
(a) A  B  A  B (b) A  B  A  B (a) A  (b) A
(c) A  B = A  B (d) None of these (c) B  (d) None of these
34. Let A = {(x , y) : y = e x , x  R} , B = {(x , y) : y = e − x , x  R}. 48. Let U be the universal set and A  B  C = U . Then
Then {( A − B)  (B − C )  (C − A)} is equal to
(a) A  B =  (b) A  B   (a) A  B  C (b) A  (B  C )

(c) A  B = R 2 (d) None of these (c) A  B  C (d) A  (B  C )

35. If A = {2, 3, 4, 8, 10}, B = {3, 4, 5, 10, 12}, 49. If n( A) = 3 , n(B) = 6 and A  B . Then the number of
C = {4, 5, 6, 12, 14} then (A  B)  (A  C) is equal to elements in A  B is equal to
 Set Theory and Relations 7

(a) 3 (b) 9 [DCE 1993; ISM Dhanbad 1994]

(c) 6 (d) None of these (a) 22 (b) 33
(c) 10 (d) 45
50. Let A and B be two sets such that
59. If A and B are two sets, then A × B = B × A iff
n( A) = 0.16 , n(B) = 0.14 , n( A  B) = 0.25 . Then n( A  B) is
(a) A  B (b) B  A
equal to [JMIEE 2001]
(c) A = B (d) None of these
(a) 0.3 (b) 0.5
60. If A and B be any two sets, then ( A  B) is equal to
(c) 0.05 (d) None of these
(a) A  Β (b) A  B
51. If A and B are disjoint, then n( A  B) is equal to
(c) A  B (d) A  B
(a) n(A) (b) n(B ) 61. Let A and B be subsets of a set X. Then
(c) n( A) + n(B) (d) n( A). n(B) (a) A − B = A  B (b) A − B = A  B
(c) A − B = A c  B (d) A − B = A  B c
52. If A and B are not disjoint sets, then n( A  B) is equal to
62. Let A and B be two sets in the universal set. Then A − B
[Kerala (Engg.) 2001] equals
(a) n( A) + n(B) (b) n( A) + n(B) − n( A  B) (a) A  B c (b) A c  B
(c) n( A) + n(B) + n( A  B) (d) n( A)n(B) (c) A  B (d) None of these
63. If A, B and C are any three sets, then A − (B  C ) is equal to
(e) n( A) − n(B)
(a) ( A − B)  ( A − C) (b) ( A − B)  ( A − C )
53. In a battle 70% of the combatants lost one eye, 80% an ear, (c) ( A − B)  C (d) ( A − B)  C
75% an arm, 85% a leg, x% lost all the four limbs. The
64. If A, B, C are three sets, then A  (B  C) is equal to
minimum value of x is
(a) (A  B)  (A  C) (b) (A  B)  (A  C)
(a) 10 (b) 12
(c) (A  B)  (A  C) (d) None of these
(c) 15 (d) None of these 65. If A = {1, 2, 4}, B = {2, 4, 5}, C = {2, 5}, then (A – B) × (B – C) is
54. Out of 800 boys in a school, 224 played cricket, 240 played (a) {(1, 2), (1, 5), (2, 5)} (b) {(1, 4)}
hockey and 336 played basketball. Of the total, 64 played (c) (1, 4) (d) None of these
both basketball and hockey; 80 played cricket and 66. If (1, 3), (2, 5) and (3, 3) are three elements of A × B and the
basketball and 40 played cricket and hockey; 24 played all total number of elements in A  B is 6, then the remaining
the three games. The number of boys who did not play any elements of A  B are
game is [DCE 1995; MP PET 1996] (a) (1, 5); (2, 3); (3, 5) (b) (5, 1); (3, 2); (5, 3)
(a) 128 (b) 216 (c) (1, 5); (2, 3); (5, 3) (d) None of these
(c) 240 (d) 160 67. A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {3, 8}, then (A  B) × (A  B) is
(a) {(3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 8)}
55. A survey shows that 63% of the Americans like cheese
whereas 76% like apples. If x% of the Americans like both (b) {(1, 3), (2, 3), (3, 3), (8, 3)}
cheese and apples, then (c) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 3), (8, 8)}
(d) {(8, 3), (8, 2), (8, 1), (8, 8)}
(a) x = 39 (b) x = 63
68. If A = {2, 3, 5}, B = {2, 5, 6}, then (A – B) × (A  B) is
(c) 39  x  63 (d) None of these (a) {(3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 5)} (b) {(3, 2), (3, 5), (3, 6)}
56. 20 teachers of a school either teach mathematics or physics. (c) {(3, 2), (3, 5)} (d) None of these
12 of them teach mathematics while 4 teach both the 69. In a class of 30 pupils, 12 take needle work, 16 take physics
subjects. Then the number of teachers teaching physics only and 18 take history. If all the 30 students take at least one
is subject and no one takes all three then the number of pupils
taking 2 subjects is [J & K 2005]
(a) 12 (b) 8
(a) 16 (b) 6
(c) 16 (d) None of these
(c) 8 (d) 20
57. Of the members of three athletic teams in a school 21 are in 70. If n( A) = 4 , n(B) = 3 , n( A  B  C) = 24 , then n(C ) =
the cricket team, 26 are in the hockey team and 29 are in
[Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
the football team. Among them, 14 play hockey and cricket,
(a) 288 (b) 1
15 play hockey and football, and 12 play football and
(c) 12 (d) 17
cricket. Eight play all the three games. The total number of
(e) 2
members in the three athletic teams is
71. The number of elements in the set
(a) 43 (b) 76
{(a, b) : 2a 2 + 3b 2 = 35 , a, b  Z} , where Z is the set of all
(c) 49 (d) None of these
integers, is [Kerala (Engg.) 2005]
58. In a class of 100 students, 55 students have passed in
Mathematics and 67 students have passed in Physics. Then (a) 2 (b) 4
the number of students who have passed in Physics only is
 8 Set Theory and Relations
(c) 8 (d) 12 which of these is/are correct [NDA 2003]
(e) 16 (a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 2
72. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} ; B = {a, b} and f is a mapping such that
80. If two sets A and B are having 99 elements in common, then
f : A → B , then A  B is [DCE 2005]
the number of elements common to each of the sets A  B
(a) {(a, 1), (3, b)} and B  A are [Kerala (Engg.) 2004]
(b) {(a, 2), (4, b)} (a) 2 99 (b) 99 2
(c) {(1, a), (1, b), (2, a), (2, b), (3, a), (3, b), (4, a), (4, b)} (c) 100 (d) 18
(e) 9
(d) None of these
81. Given n(U) = 20 , n( A) = 12 , n(B) = 9 , n( A  B) = 4 , where
73. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, B = {2, 4, 6}, C = {3, 4, 6}, then
U is the universal set, A and B are subsets of U, then
( A  B)  C is [Orissa JEE 2004]
n((A  B)C ) = [Kerala (Engg.) 2004]
(a) {3, 4, 6} (b) {1, 2, 3} (a) 17 (b) 9
(c) {1, 4, 3} (d) None of these (c) 11 (d) 3
74. If A = {x, y} then the power set of A is (e) 16
[Pb. CET 2004, UPSEAT 2000]
Relations
(a) {x , y }
x y

(b) {, x, y} 1. Let A = {1, 2, 3}. The total number of distinct relations that
can be defined over A is
(c) {, {x}, {2y}}
(a) 2 9 (b) 6
(d) {, {x}, {y}, {x, y}}
(c) 8 (d) None of these
75. A set contains 2n + 1 elements. The number of subsets of 2. Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and Y = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} . Which of the
this set containing more than n elements is equal to following is/are relations from X to Y
[UPSEAT 2001, 04] (a) R1 = {(x , y)| y = 2 + x , x  X , y  Y }
(a) 2 n −1 (b) 2 n (b) R2 = {(1, 1),(2, 1),(3, 3),(4, 3),(5, 5)}
n +1
(c) 2 (d) 2 2n
(c) R3 = {(1, 1),(1, 3)(3, 5),(3, 7),(5, 7)}
76. Which of the following is a true statement [UPSEAT 2005] (d) R4 = {(1, 3),(2, 5),(2, 4 ),(7, 9)}
(a) {a}  {a, b, c} (b) {a}  {a, b, c} 3. Given two finite sets A and B such that n(A) = 2, n(B) = 3.
Then total number of relations from A to B is
(c)   {a, b, c} (d) None of these
(a) 4 (b) 8
77. If A = {x : x is a multiple of 4} and B = {x : x is a multiple of 6} (c) 64 (d) None of these
then A  B consists of all multiples of [UPSEAT 2000]
4. The relation R defined on the set of natural numbers as {(a,
(a) 16 (b) 12 b) : a differs from b by 3}, is given by
(c) 8 (d) 4 (a) {(1, 4, (2, 5), (3, 6),.....} (b) {(4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3),.....}
(c) {(1, 3), (2, 6), (3, 9),..} (d) None of these
78. A class has 175 students. The following data shows the
5. The relation R is defined on the set of natural numbers as
number of students obtaining one or more subjects.
{(a, b) : a = 2b}. Then R −1 is given by
Mathematics 100, Physics 70, Chemistry 40; Mathematics
(a) {(2, 1), (4, 2), (6, 3).....} (b) {(1, 2), (2, 4), (3, 6)....}
and Physics 30, Mathematics and Chemistry 28, Physics and
Chemistry 23; Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry 18. How (c) R −1 is not defined (d) None of these
many students have offered Mathematics alone 6. The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 3)} on
set A = {1, 2, 3} is
[Kerala (Engg.) 2003]
(a) Reflexive but not symmetric
(a) 35 (b) 48 (b) Reflexive but not transitive
(c) 60 (d) 22 (c) Symmetric and Transitive
(d) Neither symmetric nor transitive
(e) 30
7. The relation “less than” in the set of natural numbers is
79. Consider the following relations :
[UPSEAT 1994, 98, 99; AMU 1999]
(1) A − B = A − ( A  B) (a) Only symmetric (b) Only transitive
(2) A = ( A  B)  ( A − B) (c) Only reflexive (d) Equivalence relation
(3) A − (B  C) = ( A − B)  ( A − C) 8. Let P = {(x , y)| x + y = 1, x , y  R} . Then P is
2 2
 Set Theory and Relations 9

(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (a) m  n (b) m  n

(c) Transitive (d) Anti-symmetric (c) m = n (d) None of these
9. Let R be an equivalence relation on a finite set A having n 20. The relation R defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} by
elements. Then the number of ordered pairs in R is R = {(x, y) : | x 2 − y 2 |  16 } is given by
(a) Less than n (a) {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 1), (2, 3)}
(b) Greater than or equal to n (b) {(2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2), (2, 4)}
(c) Less than or equal to n (c) {(3, 3), (3, 4), (5, 4), (4, 3), (3, 1)}
(d) None of these (d) None of these
21. A relation R is defined from {2, 3, 4, 5} to {3, 6, 7, 10} by
10. For real numbers x and y, we write xRy  x − y + 2 is an
xRy  x is relatively prime to y. Then domain of R is
irrational number. Then the relation R is
(a) {2, 3, 5} (b) {3, 5}
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) {2, 3, 4} (d) {2, 3, 4, 5}
(c) Transitive (d) None of these
22. Let R be a relation on N defined by x + 2 y = 8 . The domain
11. Let X be a family of sets and R be a relation on X defined by of R is
‘A is disjoint from B’. Then R is
(a) {2, 4, 8} (b) {2, 4, 6, 8}
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (c) {2, 4, 6} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4}
(c) Anti-symmetric (d) Transitive
23. If R = {(x , y)| x , y  Z, x 2 + y 2  4 } is a relation in Z, then
12. If R is a relation from a set A to a set B and S is a relation
domain of R is
from B to a set C, then the relation SoR
(a) {0, 1, 2} (b) {0, – 1, – 2}
(a) Is from A to C (b) Is from C to A
(c) {– 2, – 1, 0, 1, 2} (d) None of these
(c) Does not exist (d) None of these 24. R is a relation from {11, 12, 13} to {8, 10, 12} defined by
13. If R  AB and S  B  C be two relations, then y = x − 3 . Then R −1 is
(SoR )−1 = (a) {(8, 11), (10, 13)} (b) {(11, 18), (13, 10)}
−1 −1 −1 −1 (c) {(10, 13), (8, 11)} (d) None of these
(a) S oR (b) R oS
25. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5}. If relation R from A to B is
(c) SoR (d) RoS
given by R ={(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}. Then R −1 is
14. If R be a relation < from A = {1,2, 3, 4} to B = {1, 3, 5} i.e.,
(a) {(3, 3), (3, 1), (5, 2)} (b) {(1, 3), (2, 5), (3, 3)}
(a, b)  R  a  b, then RoR −1 is (c) {(1, 3), (5, 2)} (d) None of these
(a) {(1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 3), (2, 5), (3, 5), (4, 5)} 26. Let R be a reflexive relation on a set A and I be the identity
(b) {(3, 1) (5, 1), (3, 2), (5, 2), (5, 3), (5, 4)} relation on A. Then
(c) {(3, 3), (3, 5), (5, 3), (5, 5)} (a) R  I (b) I  R
(c) R = I (d) None of these
(d) {(3, 3) (3, 4), (4, 5)}
27. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and R be a relation in A given by R = {(1,
15. A relation from P to Q is 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2), (2, 1), (3, 1), (1, 3)}.
(a) A universal set of P × Q Then R is
(b) P × Q (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) An equivalent set of P × Q (c) Transitive (d) An equivalence relation
(d) A subset of P × Q 28. An integer m is said to be related to another integer n if m is
16. Let A = {a, b, c} and B = {1, 2}. Consider a relation R defined a multiple of n. Then the relation is
from set A to set B. Then R is equal to set (a) Reflexive and symmetric (b) Reflexive and transitive
[Kurukshetra CEE 1995] (c) Symmetric and transitive (d) Equivalence relation
(a) A (b) B 29. The relation R defined in N as aRb  b is divisible by a is
(c) A × B (d) B × A (a) Reflexive but not symmetric
(b) Symmetric but not transitive
17. Let n(A) = n. Then the number of all relations on A is
(c) Symmetric and transitive
(a) 2 n (b) 2 (n )! (d) None of these
2
(c) 2 n (d) None of these 30. Let R be a relation on a set A such that R = R −1 , then R is
18. If R is a relation from a finite set A having m elements to a (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
finite set B having n elements, then the number of relations (c) Transitive (d) None of these
from A to B is
31. Let R = {(a, a)} be a relation on a set A. Then R is
(a) 2 mn (b) 2 mn − 1
(a) Symmetric
(c) 2mn (d) m n (b) Antisymmetric
19. Let R be a reflexive relation on a finite set A having n-
(c) Symmetric and antisymmetric
elements, and let there be m ordered pairs in R. Then
 10 Set Theory and Relations
(d) Neither symmetric nor anti-symmetric 43. The relation "congruence modulo m" is
32. The relation "is subset of" on the power set P(A) of a set A (a) Reflexive only (b) Transitive only
is (c) Symmetric only (d) An equivalence relation
(a) Symmetric (b) Anti-symmetric
44. Solution set of x  3 (mod 7), p  Z, is given by
(c) Equivalency relation (d) None of these
(a) {3} (b) {7 p − 3 : p  Z}
33. The relation R defined on a set A is antisymmetric if
(a, b)  R  (b, a)  R for (c) {7 p + 3 : p  Z} (d) None of these
(a) Every (a, b)  R (b) No (a, b)  R 45. Let R and S be two equivalence relations on a set A. Then

(c) No (a, b), a  b, R (d) None of these (a) R  S is an equivalence relation on A
(b) R  S is an equivalence relation on A
34. In the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, a relation R is defined by
(c) R − S is an equivalence relation on A
R = {(x, y)| x, y  A and x < y}. Then R is
(d) None of these
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(c) Transitive (d) None of these 46. Let R and S be two relations on a set A. Then
35. Let A be the non-void set of the children in a family. The (a) R and S are transitive, then R  S is also transitive
relation x is a brother of y  on A is (b) R and S are transitive, then R  S is also transitive
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (c) R and S are reflexive, then R  S is also reflexive
(c) Transitive (d) None of these (d) R and S are symmetric then R  S is also symmetric
36. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4} and let R= {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (1, 2)} be a 47. Let R = {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 2)} and S = {(2, 1), (3, 2), (2, 3)} be
relation on A. Then R is two relations on set A = {1, 2, 3}. Then RoS =
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (a) {(1, 3), (2, 2), (3, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3)}
(c) Transitive (d) None of these (b) {(3, 2), (1, 3)}
37. The void relation on a set A is (c) {(2, 3), (3, 2), (2, 2)}
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric and transitive (d) {(2, 3), (3, 2)}
(c) Reflexive and symmetric (d) Reflexive and transitive 48. Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane. Let a
38. Let R1 be a relation defined by R1 = {(a, b)| a  b, a, b  R} . relation R be defined by R  ⊥ ,,   L . Then R is
Then R1 is [UPSEAT 1999] (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
(a) An equivalence relation on R (c) Transitive (d) None of these
(b) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric 49. Let R be a relation over the set N × N and it is defined by
(c) Symmetric, Transitive but not reflexive (a, b)R(c, d )  a + d = b + c. Then R is
(d) Neither transitive not reflexive but symmetric (a) Reflexive only (b) Symmetric only
39. Which one of the following relations on R is an equivalence (c) Transitive only (d) An equivalence relation
relation
50. Let n be a fixed positive integer. Define a relation R on the
(a) a R1 b | a | =| b | (b) aR2b  a  b set Z of integers by, aRb  n | a − b |. Then R is
(c) aR3 b  a divides b (d) aR4 b  a  b (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric
40. If R is an equivalence relation on a set A, then R −1
is (c) Transitive (d) Equivalence
(a) Reflexive only 51. Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)}
(b) Symmetric but not transitive be a relation on the set A = {3, 6, 9, 12} . The relation is
(c) Equivalence [AIEEE 2005]
(d) None of these (a) An equivalence relation
41. R is a relation over the set of real numbers and it is given by (b) Reflexive and symmetric only
nm  0 . Then R is
(c) Reflexive and transitive only
(a) Symmetric and transitive (b) Reflexive and symmetric
(d) Reflexive only
(c) A partial order relation (d) An equivalence relation
52. x 2 = xy is a relation which is [Orissa JEE 2005]
42. In order that a relation R defined on a non-empty set A is an
equivalence relation, it is sufficient, if R (a) Symmetric (b) Reflexive
[Karnataka CET 1990] (c) Transitive (d) None of these
(a) Is reflexive 53. Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1)} be a relation on the
set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The relation R is[AIEEE 2004]
(b) Is symmetric
(a) Reflexive (b) Transitive
(c) Is transitive
(c) Not symmetric (d) A function
(d) Possesses all the above three properties
 Set Theory and Relations 11

54. The number of reflexive relations of a set with four (a) At least 30 (b) At most 20
elements is equal to [UPSEAT 2004] (c) Exactly 25 (d) None of these
(a) 216 (b) 212 8. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; B = {2, 3, 6, 7}. Then the number of
(c) 2 8 (d) 2 4 elements in (A × B)  (B × A) is
55. Let S be the set of all real numbers. Then the relation R = (a) 18 (b) 6
{(a, b) : 1 + ab > 0} on S is [NDA 2003] (c) 4 (d) 0
(a) Reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
9. Let A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 3, 5}. A relation R : A → B is
(b) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
defined by R = {(1, 3), (1, 5), (2, 1)}. Then R −1 is defined by
(c) Symmetric, transitive but not reflexive
(d) Reflexive, transitive and symmetric (a) {(1,2), (3,1), (1,3), (1,5)} (b) {(1, 2), (3, 1), (2, 1)}
(e) None of the above is true (c) {(1, 2), (5, 1), (3, 1)} (d) None of these
56. If A is the set of even natural numbers less than 8 and B is 10. Let R be the relation on the set R of all real numbers defined
the set of prime numbers less than 7, then the number of by a R b iff | a − b |  1 . Then R is [Roorkee 1998]
relations from A to B is [NDA 2003]
(a) Reflexive and Symmetric (b) Symmetric only
(a) 2 9 (b) 9 2
(c) Transitive only (d) Anti-symmetric only
(c) 3 2 (d) 2 9 −1 11. With reference to a universal set, the inclusion of a subset in
another, is relation, which is [Karnataka CET 1995]
(a) Symmetric only (b) Equivalence relation
(c) Reflexive only (d) None of these
12. Let R be a relation on the set N of natural numbers defined
by nRm  n is a factor of m (i.e., n|m). Then R is
1. If X = {8 n − 7 n − 1 : n  N } and Y = {49 (n − 1) : n  N }, (a) Reflexive and symmetric
then (b) Transitive and symmetric
(a) X  Y (b) Y  X (c) Equivalence
(c) X = Y (d) None of these (d) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
2. If N a = {an : n  N }, then N 3  N 4 = 13. Let R and S be two non-void relations on a set A. Which of
(a) N 7 (b) N 12 the following statements is false
(c) N 3 (d) N 4 (a) R and S are transitive  R  S is transitive
3. Sets A and B have 3 and 6 elements respectively. What can (b) R and S are transitive  R  S is transitive
be the minimum number of elements in A  B (c) R and S are symmetric  R  S is symmetric
[MNR 1987; Karnataka CET 1996]
(d) R and S are reflexive  R  S is reflexive
(a) 3 (b) 6
14. Let a relation R be defined by R = {(4, 5); (1, 4); (4, 6); (7,
(c) 9 (d) 18
6); (3, 7)} then R −1 oR is
4. If A = [(x , y) : x 2 + y 2 = 25 ]
(a) {(1, 1), (4, 4), (4, 7), (7, 4), (7, 7), (3, 3)}
and B = [(x , y) : x 2 + 9 y 2 = 144 ] , then A  B contains
(b) {(1, 1), (4, 4), (7, 7), (3, 3)}
[AMU 1996; Pb. CET 2002]
(c) {(1, 5), (1, 6), (3, 6)}
(a) One point (b) Three points
(d) None of these
(c) Two points (d) Four points
5. If A = [ x : x is a multiple of 3] and B = [ x : x is a multiple 15. Let R be a relation on the set N be defined by {(x, y)| x, y  N,
2x + y = 41}. Then R is
of 5], then A – B is ( A means complement of A)
[AMU 1998] (a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric

(a) A  B (b) A  B (c) Transitive (d) None of these

(c) AB (d) A  B

6. If A = {x : x − 5 x + 6 = 0}, B = {2, 4 }, C = {4 , 5}, then
2

A  (B  C ) is [Kerala (Engg.) 2002]

(a) {(2, 4), (3, 4)} (b) {(4, 2), (4, 3)}
(c) {(2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)} (d) {(2,2), (3,3), (4,4), (5,5)}
7. In a college of 300 students, every student reads 5
newspaper and every newspaper is read by 60 students.
The no. of newspaper is [IIT 1998]