TXE-407(GT-3)

 Lecture-3
 Topics-
 Machineries used in Garments washing process.

 Md. Ali Azam Rokon

 Assistant Professor

 Pabna Textile Engineering College

 Machines required for Garments washing/dyeing project:
 A garments dyeing and washing factory needs the following
machines:
 1. Garments dyeing/washing machine for-
 Sample
 Bulk
 2. Hydro extractor
 3. Dryer


 Basically there are two types of machines used for garments

dyeing:
 Pedal type machine
 Rotary type machine
Pedal type machine

 Pedal type garments dyeing machine is the first and

oldest type of garment dyeing machine still used in the
European countries. Pedal type garments dyeing
machines are two types that are overhead pedal type
and side pedal type.
 Pedal type garments dyeing machines are used for the
woolen knit wear type garments dyeing. Dyeing cost is
higher in pedal type garments dyeing machine due to
manual operation, higher labor load, manual loading
and unloading of garments, manual chemical feeding
etc. This pedal type garments dyeing machine is not
used in any garments dyeing industry of Bangladesh
now a days.
Features
 These are very first/old dyeing machines;
 Easy mechanism;
 Consists of a pedal inside used for the circulation of liquor
and garments;
 Manually controlled machines(loading & unloading), thus
more labor cost;
 Machines require a higher level of water, thus a high
consumption of water; steam, chemicals, dyes, etc. is
required. Which ultimately increases costs;
 These machines are accepted widely for sweater and
loosely knitted goods;
 Very mild action so less pilling comes in garments.
Rotary type machine

 It is the developed version and there are two types

of rotary dyeing machine.
 Atmospheric pressure rotary garments dyeing
machine (below 1000C)
 High temperature rotary garments dyeing
machine (over 1000C)


 In our country, normal atmospheric dyeing machines

are used. The second type is not used because it is
very costly.
Atmospheric pressure rotary garments dyeing
machine (below 1000C)

 In our country, rotary type atmospheric pressure garments dyeing

machine is widely used. This machine is made of stainless steel. In
this machine, there are two big stainless steel cylinders one inside the
other. The outer stainless cylinder is solid and has two sliding doors
like microbus at the upper middle half position of the cylinder. The
outer cylinder is fixed on the floor with heavy foundation to avoid
any jerking during operation. There are also two chemical dosing
doors on the sliding doors to facilitate chemical addition during
machine running. The inner cylinder is perforated having two side
shafts. They are connected with the machine through ball bearing.
With the help of high power motor and motor pulley, the machine
pulley is rotated. The inner cylinder has two spring loaded doors.
The duel directional (clock & anti-clock) movement of the inner
cylinder is used to avoid roping due to the twist affect on the
garments during dyeing/ washing.
Features
 It is the most common dyeing and washing machine in our country. It is usually made of
stainless steel and consists of two big cylinder. Outer cylinder is solid and the inner one is
perforated. The outer cylinder is fixed with the machine frame and secured on the floor;


 Have sliding door;

 Have chemical dosing door;
 Inner cylinder is placed on ball bearing shaft which is secured with the machine frame;
 Inner cylinder rotate from both sides by motor;
 Inner cylinder rpm varies from 5 to 35 but normally 12 to 15 rpm is common;
 Inner cylinder rotate clockwise and anti-clockwise which save the garments to be twisted
into rope form;
 Inner cylinder have a door with spring loaded key;
 Outer cylinder have also a sliding door for loading and unloading the garments;
 Three stainless steel bars with minimum height of 6 inch are situated with equal distances
inside of the inner cylinder which confirms movement of liquor and garments;
 The distance between the inner and outer cylinders is 4 inch;
 A steam pipe passes through the gap of inner and outer cylinders;
 Temperature of liquor is controlled by panel board through the
thermo sensor;
 A flow meter is situated at one side of the machine that measures
the amount of liquor;
 Water is taken into the machine through pipeline, gate valve from
overhead tank;
 To drain the liquor from the machine there is a drain valve and
gate;
 There are alarm and auto stop motion controlled by timer;
 Desizing, scouring, beaching, and dyeing could be done in one
machine;
 Machine capacity 50 kg to 250 kg.
High temperature rotary garments
dyeing machine (over 1000C)
 This is a modified version of atmospheric garments dyeing
machine;
 There is a big central door to load and unload garments;
 Additional two chemical tanks with separate chemical
dosing tank(optional);
 Comparatively lighter machine;
 AC driver and AC converter are used to run the machine at
5 to 35 rpm;
 Additional 2 to 3 tanks are connected to feed dyes and
chemicals;
 Separate liquor circulating pump, heater and filter are
used;
Hydroextractor

 Hydroextractors are machines which are used in textile

processing industry. These are mainly centrifuges. The wet
garments are placed into the extractor, which has a wall of
perforated metal, generally stainless steel. the internal drum
rotates at high speed thus throwing out the water contained
in it. The use of hydroextractor significantly reduces the
energy required to dry any material.
 The commercial hydro extractor is the indispensable
complement to complete the wash process with low spin
commercial laundry washing machines. By spinning the
laundry at very high speed, 1500 rpm (in excess of 530G),
time and energy is saved in the industrial hydro
extractors drying process so there is less wear on the
laundered items.
The clothes can also be
introduced with a low
level of residual moisture
to a commercial drying
ironer so that the laundry
is then dried and pressed
in a single step, again
reducing time and
energy. Industrial hydro
extractors give you major
reductions in drying times,
energy consumption and
vastly increasing the
laundry productivity
outputs; these are
achieved by the
implementation of an
industrial hydro extractor.
Capacity: 15 Kg, 30 Kg,
50 Kg, 70 Kg, 135 Kg
etc.
Tumble Dryer

A tumble dryer is an
industrial/household appliance
that is used to remove moisture
from a load of clothing and
other textiles, generally shortly
after they are cleaned in a
washing machine.

Most dryers consist of a rotating

drum called a tumbler through
which heated air is circulated to
evaporate the moisture from the
load. The tumbler is rotated to
maintain space between the
articles in the load.
Industrial Drying Tumbler
Machine consists stainless
steel inner basket as well as
double walled glass wool
insulated outer body that is
duly painted for providing
corrosion resistant finish.
Other than this, it has
electrically interlocked
loading and unloading door
and does not require any
space on sides of machine.
Other Features
 Electrically controlled protection that is provided for auto timing,
auto reversing as well as auto digital temperature controls;
 Protective device against single & reverse phasing as well as motor
overload;
 All controls in front displayed;
 V-belt & pulley drive for achieving low torque & high speeds;
 Steam radiator/electric heaters that are made out of coils &
aluminium fins for steam heating applications;
 Centrifugally balanced suction blower that is mounted directly on
motor;
 Electric, steam or thermal fluid heated operations.