Evolution of Washing Machine:: Scrub Board Drum Rotory Machine

Evolution of washing machine:
Over the course of centuries the technology of washing clothes has

evolved from crude manual labor to high tech.
 In 1797, the scrub board is the first washing machine
invention.The materials used in production are wood and
metals.This device has to be used with water and it is also
labour intensive.
 In 1851, James King produced a hand powered machine known
as drum.This design of hand held spinner facilitated the stirring
motion of clothes and water.
 In 1874, William Blackstone built the rotary washing machine.
In this clothes can be squeezed and spun for effective dirt
removal.
 In 1908, ‘Thor’ washing machine was designed by Alva.J
Fisher.It is the first ever electric powered machine.Thor is
produced by Hurley machine company of Chicago.
 In 1937, Bendix produced first automatic front loader.It has
full wash, rinse, spin cycle.
 Over the years the designs have improved and now the
machines are included of smart advanced features and more eco
friendly than previous ones.
Scrub board Drum Rotory

machine
Thor Bendix’s front loader
Principle of washing machine:

The main principles behind the working of a washing machine are the
centrifugal and centripetal forces, Where centrifugation helps
quicken the process of sedimentation of different density particles to
clean the laundry in the washing machine.
The washing machine operates in two primary cycles. These are the
wash cycle and the rinse cycle.
The wash cycle involves the principle of centrifugal force. This
force’s direction is from inside to outside, which makes sure that
every part of the cloth is rinsed adequately in the soap water mixed in
the machine.
The rinse cycle
involves the principle of centripetal force. This force acts from
outside to inside and creates a vacuum-like space in the middle of the
washing machine.These two cycles work one after another several
time, and as a result, the entire cleaning process occurs.
Types of washing machine:
There are two types of washing machine. They are
 Front load washers
 Top load washers
Top load washing machine:
The washing machines which are loaded from the top are called top-
loading washing machines.These have vertical drum.
Some top loaders have agitator and some have impeller
technology.Due to this feature front loaders are known for better and
quicker washing.
Advantages of top loader:
The top-loading washers are more convenient to use. Users do
not have to bend to load and unload clothes.
You can add clothes in the mid-way cycle, right after starting
the cycle
Top loaders also collect the lint and distribute the fabric
softener better than a front loader.
Top loaders tends to wash clothes quicker than front loaders.
the top loader takes more loads compare to front-loaders. You
can add larger laundry items such as pillows, linens, and others.
Disadvantages of top loader:
Consume more water and detergent.
Less energy efficient in warm water.
Louder than normal front loader washer.
Can create a significant amount of lint.
Hard on clothes, often tangle the clothes with the washing tub.
It does not come with an integrated heater.
Front load washing machine:
The washing machines which have the door places on the front
panel(front face ) are known as front load washing machine. These
have horizontal drum.
Advantages of front loader:
Use significantly less water (in some cases)

Quieter with less vibration.
Increased number of washing cycles.
The front-loaders are indeed good at dealing with delicate
clothes.
Takes less space in a home
They come with a voltage controller, which helps the machine to
receive a constant flow of voltages.
Cleanse better than top loaders, as they come with more
washing programs, dedicated washing features.
The higher spin speeds extract moisture from wet loads, cut
down on drying time.
Disadvantages of front loader:
They are expensive to purchase. As per the consumer surveys,

about come in hands at a low price.
Difficult to install and repair
Cannot add laundry in mid-way cycle
The gadgets share a lesser life expectancy; even if you follow all
the guidelines, they will not last more than 8-10 years.

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Evolution of Washing Machine:: Scrub Board Drum Rotory Machine

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Evolution of washing machine:

Over the course of centuries the technology of washing clothes has

Scrub board Drum Rotory

Principle of washing machine:

Advantages of front loader:

Use significantly less water (in some cases)

Disadvantages of front loader:

They are expensive to purchase. As per the consumer surveys,

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