Design of Underground RC Water Tank==SIMPLE SUPPORTS

REF CALCULATION OUTPUT

Design Properties and Parameters
-Density of compacted (unsaturated) 19 kN/m³
-Density of compacted (saturated) ysat 22 kN/m³
-Density of water 10 kN/m³
-Tank capacity: 150 m³
-Tank dimensions Length - 7500 mm
Width - 5200 mm
Full height - 4000 mm
Free board - 150 mm
-Safe soil bearing pressure SBP = 200 kN/m²
-Angle of internal friction 30°
-Active Earth Pressure coefficient Ka 1- Sin30/1+ Sin30 0.33
-Soil internal coefficient of friction ,'µ' Tan 30⁰ 0.34
-Concrete cover to reinforcements c= 50 mm
-Finishes and screeds 25 mm
-Surcharge 10 kN/m²
-Concrete density ρ= 25 kN/m³
-Design case: Empty tank and surrounding soil saturated
Ground level

250

4250 4000

500

500 300 5200 300 500

6800
Sizing Foundation Base of Tank
For the serviceability limit state
-Top slab s/w = 25×0.25×5.8 36.25
-Vert. walls s/w = 25×2×0.3×4 60.00
-Bottom slab s/w = 25×0.5×(5.8+2x) 72.5+25x
-Wt of soil above heel = 22×4.75×2x 209x
Total load (downward) (kN/m)= 168.75+234x
Upthrust force (kN/m) = 10x4.75x (5.8+2x)
Upthrust force (kN/m) = Total load (downward) (kN/m)= 275.5+95x = 168.75+234x
Determination of cantilever overlap, 'x', of footing base area
-106.75+139x = 0
Solving for overlap, x = 800mm 800
TOP - Slab load analysis
EC1 Slab dead loads
Pt. 1.1 -Slab load s/w = 25 × 0.25 6.25
-Finishes/screeds = 25 × 0.025 0.63
Total dead load, Gk (kN/m²) 6.88 kN/m² Gk=6.875
Slab variable loads
Tab 6.2 -Floor / structure utility as; (Parking) 2.50 kN/m²
Total live load, Qk (kN/m²) 2.50 kN/m² Qk=2.5
Slab loading analysis
EC0 Ultimate load (kN/m²) Service load (kN/m²)
Eq.6.10 w =1.35×Gk+1.5×Qk =1.0×Gk+1.0×Qk
Eq.6.14b = 1.35 ×6.875+ 1.5 ×2.5 = 13.03 = 1.0 ×6.875+ 1.0 ×2.5 = 9.38 13.03
Taking 1m width of concrete slab =>13.03 × 1.0 = > n = 13.03kN/m

5
 13.03kN/m

B C

5.5
Maximum Shear Force and Moment at spans
Span 1 @Top Slab
RA = RB = 13.03×5.5/2 =35.83kN 35.83
Msupt. = 0 0
Mmax = 13.03×5.5²/8 =49.27kNm 49.27
BOTTOM - Slab load analysis
EC1 Slab dead loads
Pt. 1.1 -Slab load s/w = 25 × 0.5 12.50
-wt of walls = 4 × 0.3×25×2/(6.8x 1.0) 8.82
-Finishes/screeds = 25 × 0.025 0.63
-Top slab 6.88
Total dead load, Gk (kN/m²) 28.82 kN/m² Gk=28.82
Slab variable loads
Tab 6.2 -Floor / structure utility as; (No water) 0.00 kN/m²
-Top slab 2.50
Total live load, Qk (kN/m²) 2.50 kN/m² Qk=2.5
Slab loading analysis
EC0 Ultimate load (kN/m²) Service load (kN/m²)
Eq.6.10 w =1.35×Gk+1.5×Qk =1.0×Gk+1.0×Qk
Eq.6.14b = 1.35 ×28.82+ 1.5 ×2.5 = 42.66 = 1.0 ×28.82+ 1.0 ×2.5 = 31.32 42.66
Taking 1m width of concrete slab =>42.66 × 1.0 = > n = 42.66kN/m
Diagramatically

B C

42.66kN/m
0.65 5.5 0.65
Maximum Shear Force and Moment at spans
Span 1 @Top Slab
RA = RB = = 42.66×6.8/2 =145.04kN 145.04
Msupt. = = -0.11 × 42.66 × 5.5² = -141.95kNm 141.95
Mmax = = 0.09 × 42.66 × 5.5² = 116.14kNm 116.14
WALLS - Lateral Pressure on the walls
Top of culvert (p₁ ) Sg = 1.5×Ka×γ = 10×0.33x1.5 10.89
'EP =1.5{Ka(γsat-γw)+γw}h ={(22-10)0.33+10}0.13x1.5 2.62
13.51 kN/m² 13.51
Bot. of culvert (p₂ ) Sg = 1.5×Ka×γ = 10×0.33x1.5 10.89
'EP =1.5{Ka(γsat-γw)+γw}h ={(22-10)0.33+10}4.5x1.5 94.23
105.12 kN/m² 105.12
Ground level A
13.51kN/m²

4.38

105.12kN/m²
Soil pressure Water pressure
Maximum Shear Force and Moment at spans
Span 1 @Top Slab

5
 RB = 5w ₁L/8 + 2w ₂L/5 = 5x13.51×4.38/8 + 2x91.61x4.38/5 =197.48kNm 197.48
RC = 3w ₁L/8 + w ₂L/10 = 3x13.51×4.38/8 + 91.61x4.38/10 =62.32kNm 62.32
Msupt. = w₁l²/8 + w₂l²/15 = -13.51×4.38²/8 - 91.61x4.38²/15 =-149.56kNm 149.56
Mmax = 9w₁l²/128 + w₂l²/15√5 = -9x13.51×4.38²/128 - 91.61x4.38²/15√5 =70.62kNm 70.62
Design of Water Tank @Top Slab
REF CALCULATION OUTPUT
-Assume main reinforcement bar φ = 12 mm
-Assume distribution reinforcement bar φ = 12 mm
-Concrete compressive strength fck = 20 N/mm²
-Rebar steel strength fyk = 425 N/mm²
Effective depth, deff
∅′ = 250 - 50 - 12 / 2 = 194 mm
𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓 = ℎ − 𝑐 − ⇒
2 deff = 194 mm 194
Maximum design moment MEd = 49.27kNm 49.27
𝑀
𝐾= = 49.27×1000²/(20×1000×194²) = 0.065
𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑐𝑘
K= 0.065 < 0.167 K=0.065
Therefore no comp. reinforcement needed
Lever arm, z

𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 194(0.5+√(0.25-0.065/1.134)) = 182 mm 182
z = 0.95×d 1.134 = 0.95×194 = 184 mm 184
Therefore lever arm, z = 182 mm z=182mm
Steel reinforcement requirement
𝑀 Asreq.= 49.27×1000²/(0.87×425×182) = 732 mm² 732
𝐴𝑠 =
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧
cl. 9.2.1.1 Check minimum area of reinforcements
fctm = 0.3 × fck0.67 = 0.3×20⁰˙⁶⁷ = 2.23 Mpa 2.23
Equ. 9.1N As, min = 0.26 (fctm/ fyk) bt d > 0.13%bd =0.26×(2.23/425)×1000×194 = 265 mm² 265
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check maximum reinfocements
Max As =4%bd = 4×1000×194/100 = 7760 mm² 194
Therefore, provide T12 @ 150 B1 Area A s = 753 >732mm²/m OK
cl. 9.3.1.1(2) Distribution steel reinf. req'. As' Max A's = (20%Aprov,vert., As, min)
Max(0.2×753, 265) 265 mm² 265
Therefore, provide T12 @ 150 B2 Area A s = 753 >265mm²/m OK
Shear stress check
Max. support shear force 35.8 35.83kN
Max. design shear resistance VRd, c
Cl 6.2.2 VRd, c = {CRd, c × k × (100 × ρ1 × fck)1/3 ≥ (Vmin = 0.035 × k1.5 × √fck)}×bwd
CRd,c = 0.12
k = 1+√(200/d) = min (1+√(200/194) ; 2.0 ) = 2
ρ1 = Asl/ (bw d) 753/(1000×194) = 0.39% 0.39
vRd, c = 0.12×2×(100×0.0039×20)^(1/3)×1000×194= 92.34 kN/m 92.34
vmin = 0.035×√20×2¹˙⁵×1000×194= 85.89 kN/m 85.89
Therefore, vRd, c = 92.34 kN/m
vEd = 35.83 < (vRd, c = 92.34kN/m) OK
The shear strength is satisfactory; no shear reinforcement is required
Design of Water Tank @Bottom Slab
REF CALCULATION OUTPUT
-Assume mid-span steel bar φ = 12 mm
-Assume support steel bar φ = 12 mm
-Concrete compressive strength fck = 20 N/mm²
-Rebar steel strength fyk = 425 N/mm²
Effective depth, deff
∅′ = 500 - 50 - 12 / 2 = 444.00 mm
𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓 = ℎ − 𝑐 − ⇒

5
 ∅
𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓 = ℎ − 𝑐 − ⇒
2 deff = 444 mm 444
Maximum design moment MEd = 141.95kNm 141.95
𝑀
𝐾= 2 = 141.95×1000²/(20×1000×444²) = 0.036
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘
K= 0.036 < 0.167 K=0.036
Therefore no comp. reinforcement needed
Lever arm, z
𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 444(0.5+√(0.25-0.036/1.134)) = 429 mm 429
z = 0.95×d 1.134 = 0.95×444 = 422 mm 422
Therefore lever arm, z = 422 mm z=422mm
Steel reinforcement requirement
𝑀 Asreq.= 141.95×1000²/(0.87×425×422) = 910 mm² 910
𝐴𝑠 =
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧
cl. 9.2.1.1 Check minimum area of reinforcements
fctm = 0.3 × fck0.67 = 0.3×20⁰˙⁶⁷ = 2.23 Mpa 2.23
Equ. 9.1N As, min = 0.26 (fctm/ fyk) bt d > 0.13%bd =0.26×(2.23/425)×1000×444 = 606 mm² 606
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check maximum reinfocements
Max As =4%bd = 4×1000×444/100 = 17760 mm² 444
Therefore, provide T12 @ 150 B1 Area A s = 753 >732mm²/m OK
cl. 9.3.1.1(2) Distribution steel reinf. req'. As' Max A's = (20%Aprov,vert., As, min)
Max(0.2×753, 606) 606 mm² 606
Therefore, provide T12 @ 150 B2 Area A s = 753 >606mm²/m OK
Shear stress check
Max. support shear force 145.0 145.04kN
Max. design shear resistance VRd, c
Cl 6.2.2 VRd, c = {CRd, c × k × (100 × ρ1 × fck)1/3 ≥ (Vmin = 0.035 × k1.5 × √fck)}×bwd
CRd,c = 0.12
k = 1+√(200/d) = min (1+√(200/444) ; 2.0 ) = 1.67
ρ1 = Asl/ (bw d) 753/(1000×444) = 0.17% 0.17
vRd, c = 0.12×1.67×(100×0.0017×20)^(1/3)×1000×444= 133.80 kN/m 133.8
vmin = 0.035×√20×1.67¹˙⁵×1000×444= 149.98 kN/m 149.98
Therefore, vRd, c = 149.98 kN/m
vEd = 145.04 < (vRd, c = 149.98kN/m) OK
The shear strength is satisfactory; no shear reinforcement is required
Design of Water Tank @Vertical Walls
REF CALCULATION OUTPUT
-Assume mid-span steel bar φ = 20 mm
-Assume support steel bar φ = 16 mm
-Concrete compressive strength fck = 20 N/mm²
-Rebar steel strength fyk = 425 N/mm²
Effective depth, deff
∅′ = 300 - 50 - 20 / 2 = 240.00 mm
𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑓 = ℎ − 𝑐 − ⇒
2 deff = 240 mm 240
Maximum design moment MEd = 149.56kNm 149.56
𝑀
𝐾= = 149.56×1000²/(20×1000×240²) = 0.130
𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑐𝑘
K= 0.13 < 0.167 K=0.13
Therefore no comp. reinforcement needed
Lever arm, z
𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 240(0.5+√(0.25-0.13/1.134)) = 208 mm 208
z = 0.95×d 1.134 = 0.95×240 = 228 mm 228
Therefore lever arm, z = 208 mm z=208mm
Steel reinforcement requirement
𝑀 Asreq.= 149.56×1000²/(0.87×425×208) = 1945 mm² 1945
𝐴𝑠 =
0 87𝑓

5
 𝐴𝑠 =
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check minimum area of reinforcements
Min As = 0.20%Ac = 0.20×1000×300/100 = 600 mm² 600
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check maximum reinfocements
Max As =4%bd = 4×1000×240/100 = 9600 mm² 240
Therefore, provide T20 @ 150 NF Area A s = 2094 >1945mm²/m OK
Maximum design moment MEd = 70.62kNm 70.62
𝑀
𝐾= = 70.62×1000²/(20×1000×240²) = 0.061
𝑏𝑑2 𝑓𝑐𝑘
K= 0.061 < 0.167 K=0.061
Therefore no comp. reinforcement needed
Lever arm, z
𝐾
𝑧 = 𝑑 0.5 + 0.25 − = 240(0.5+√(0.25-0.061/1.134)) = 226 mm 226
z = 0.95×d 1.134 = 0.95×240 = 228 mm 228
Therefore lever arm, z = 226 mm z=226mm
Steel reinforcement requirement
𝑀 Asreq.= 70.62×1000²/(0.87×600×226) = 599 mm² 599
𝐴𝑠 =
0.87𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑧
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check minimum area of reinforcements
Min As = 0.20%Ac = 0.20×1000×300/100 = 600 mm² 600
cl. 9.6.2(1) Check maximum reinfocements
Max As =4%bd = 4×1000×240/100 = 9600 mm² 9600
Therefore, provide T16 @ 150 FF Area A s = 1340 >600mm²/m OK
Shear stress check
Max. support shear force = Max(197.48,62.32) 197.48kN
Max. design shear resistance VRd, c
Cl 6.2.2 VRd, c = {CRd, c×k×(100×ρ1×fck)1/3 ≥ (Vmin = 0.035×k1.5×√fck)}×bwd
C Rd,c = 0.12
k = 1+√(200/d) = min (1+√(200/240) ; 2.0 ) = 1.91
ρ₁ = A sl /(bw d) 2094/(1000×240) = 0.87% 0.87
v Rd, c = 0.12×1.91×(100×0.0087×20)^(1/3)×1000×240= 142.54 kN/m 142.54
v min = 0.035×√20×1.91¹˙⁵×1000×240= 99.16 kN/m 99.16
Therefore, v Rd, c = 142.54 kN/m
vEd = 197.48 > (vRd, c = 142.54kN/m) Fail in shear
The shear strength is satisfactory; no shear reinforcement is required
Sketch(s) of Retaining wall section
Ground level

500

500 300 5200 300 500

6800