Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Social Sciences
Beginning in the 1950s, the term behavioral sciences was often applied to the
disciplines designated as the social sciences. Those who favoured this term did so in
part because these disciplines were thus brought closer to some of the sciences, such
as physical anthropology and physiological psychology, which also deal with human
behaviour.
Strictly speaking, the social sciences, as distinct and recognized academic disciplines,
emerged only on the cusp of the 20th century. But one must go back farther in time for
the origins of some of their fundamental ideas and objectives. In the largest sense, the
origins go all the way back to the ancient Greeks and their rationalist inquiries into
human nature, the state, and morality. The heritage of both Greece and Rome is a
powerful one in the history of social thought, as it is in other areas of Western society.
Very probably, apart from the initial Greek determination to study all things in the spirit of
dispassionate and rational inquiry, there would be no social sciences today. True, there
have been long periods of time, as during the Western Middle Ages, when the Greek
rationalist temper was lacking. But the recovery of this temper, through texts of the great
classical philosophers, is the very essence of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment
in modern European history. With the Enlightenment, in the 17th and 18th centuries,
one may begin.
Beginning in the 1950s, the term behavioral sciences was often applied to the
disciplines designated as the social sciences. Those who favoured this term did so in
part because these disciplines were thus brought closer to some of the sciences, such
as physical anthropology and physiological psychology, which also deal with human
behaviour.
Strictly speaking, the social sciences, as distinct and recognized academic disciplines,
emerged only on the cusp of the 20th century. But one must go back farther in time for
the origins of some of their fundamental ideas and objectives. In the largest sense, the
origins go all the way back to the ancient Greeks and their rationalist inquiries into
human nature, the state, and morality. The heritage of both Greece and Rome is a
powerful one in the history of social thought, as it is in other areas of Western society.
Very probably, apart from the initial Greek determination to study all things in the spirit of
dispassionate and rational inquiry, there would be no social sciences today. True, there
have been long periods of time, as during the Western Middle Ages, when the Greek
rationalist temper was lacking. But the recovery of this temper, through texts of the great
classical philosophers, is the very essence of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment
in modern European history. With the Enlightenment, in the 17th and 18th centuries,
one may begin.
Beginning in the 1950s, the term behavioral sciences was often applied to the
disciplines designated as the social sciences. Those who favoured this term did so in
part because these disciplines were thus brought closer to some of the sciences, such
as physical anthropology and physiological psychology, which also deal with human
behaviour.
Strictly speaking, the social sciences, as distinct and recognized academic disciplines,
emerged only on the cusp of the 20th century. But one must go back farther in time for
the origins of some of their fundamental ideas and objectives. In the largest sense, the
origins go all the way back to the ancient Greeks and their rationalist inquiries into
human nature, the state, and morality. The heritage of both Greece and Rome is a
powerful one in the history of social thought, as it is in other areas of Western society.
Very probably, apart from the initial Greek determination to study all things in the spirit of
dispassionate and rational inquiry, there would be no social sciences today. True, there
have been long periods of time, as during the Western Middle Ages, when the Greek
rationalist temper was lacking. But the recovery of this temper, through texts of the great
classical philosophers, is the very essence of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment
in modern European history. With the Enlightenment, in the 17th and 18th centuries,
one may begin.
Strictly speaking, the social sciences, as distinct and recognized academic disciplines,
emerged only on the cusp of the 20th century. But one must go back farther in time for
the origins of some of their fundamental ideas and objectives. In the largest sense, the
origins go all the way back to the ancient Greeks and their rationalist inquiries into
human nature, the state, and morality. The heritage of both Greece and Rome is a
powerful one in the history of social thought, as it is in other areas of Western society.
Very probably, apart from the initial Greek determination to study all things in the spirit of
dispassionate and rational inquiry, there would be no social sciences today. True, there
have been long periods of time, as during the Western Middle Ages, when the Greek
rationalist temper was lacking. But the recovery of this temper, through texts of the great
classical philosophers, is the very essence of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment
in modern European history. With the Enlightenment, in the 17th and 18th centuries,
one may begin.