Basic Mechanical Design

Outcomes
1. Compare MEPF engineers
2.Calculate TOR and HP ratings of ACU
3. Calculate CFM of ventilation requirement
4.Explain fire suppression system
5. Discuss stairwell presurization system
6. Describe extraction of flammable and toxic gases
MEPF ENGINEERING trends…

• Mechanical Engineers, Electrical Engineers, Plumbing Engineers and Fire

Protection Engineers are specialists, commonly referred to as "MEPF“ (mechanical,
electrical, plumbing & fire pro engineers) or sometimes referred to as “MEP” only or
sometimes referred to as “MEPFS” which includes Sanitary Engineering for sewage
treatment , when engaged in the building design fields. Also known as "building
services engineering" in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.

• Mechanical engineers design and oversee the heating, ventilation and air
conditioning (HVAC), fire suppression/ sprinkler system (83psi and above with fire
pump & jockey pump), stairwell pressurization, steam lines & boilers, lift/ elevator
systems.

• Plumbing/Sanitary engineers often design or oversee lower pressure fire protection

(without fire pump), hot and cold water supply system, gray water re-use, sanitary
sewer lines & ventilation, LPG/gas lines, rainwater collection and storm drainage
systems.

• Electrical engineers are responsible for the building's power distribution & standby
power generators/ uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, telecommunication,
fire detection & alarm, signalization, grounding system, lightning protection, building
automation systems (BAS), as well as lighting and small power (CO) systems
 1.0 MECHANICAL DESIGN
• REQUIREMENTS:
• 1.1 AIRCONDITIONING SYSTEM
• 1.2 VENTILATION SYSTEM
• 1.3 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
• 1.4 STAIRWELL PRESURIZATION SYSTEM/
OBNOXIOUS/TOXIC GAS EXTRACTION
• 1.5 LIFT (ELEVATOR) SYSTEM
• 1.6 OTHER AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
 1.1.1 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

• PER AREA METHOD OF AIR CONDITIONING

DESIGN

• ASSUME: ONE (1) TOR FOR EVERY 15 SQ. METERS

AREA
• WHERE ONE (1) TOR = 1 TON OF REFRIGERATION
• TO CALCULATE THE HP RATING OF AN
AIRCONDITIONER:
• HP OF AIRCON UNIT = 1 TOR X 1.2 HP/TOR
 1.1.2 EXAMPLE OF SIZING HP OF
AIRCON UNIT:
• OFFICE ROOM IS 6 MTRS LONG BY 5 METERS
WIDE
• CALCULATE THE TONNAGE AND THE HP RATING
OF THE AIRCON UNIT

• TOR = (6 MTRS X 5 MTRS) / 15 SQ.MTRS PER TON

• TOR = 2 TONS
• TO TAL HP = 2.4 HP
• SAY USE 1 UNIT OF 2.5 HP WINDOW TYPE ACU
• OR USE 1 UNIT OF 3-TONNER SPLIT TYPE ACU
1.1.3 EXAMPLE OF SIZING HP OF AIRCON UNITS:

• OFFICE ROOM IS 12 MTRS LONG BY 6 METERS

WIDE
• CALCULATE THE TONNAGE AND THE HP RATING
OF THE AIRCON UNITS

• TOR = (12MTRS X 6 MTRS) / 15 SQ.MTRS PER

TON
• TOR = 4.8 TONS
• TO TAL HP =5.76 HP
• SAY USE 2 UNITS OF 3-TONNER SPLIT TYPE ACUS
 1.1.4 ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF SIZING HP OF
AIRCON UNITS:
• OFFICE ROOM IS 24 MTRS LONG BY 8 METERS
WIDE
• CALCULATE THE TONNAGE AND THE HP RATING
OF THE AIRCON UNITS

• TOR = (24MTRS X 8 MTRS) / 15 SQ.MTRS PER

TON
• TOR = 12.8 TONS
• TO TAL HP = 15.36 HP
• SAY USE 3 UNITS OF 5-TONNER SPLIT TYPE ACUS
 1.1.5 KINDS OF SPLIT TYPE ACUs,
THE INVERTER TYPE IS MORE EFFICIENT
THAN THE CONVENTIONAL TYPE
 1.1.6 SOLAR-AIDED ACUs,
NOW THE MOST EFFICIENT TYPE
Student Activity 2
1. From the internet, differentiate the roles of MEPF
engineers.
2. Design the TOR and HP ratings of 3 office rooms.
 1.1.7
CENTRALIZED/
CHILLED WATER
TYPE OF AIR
CONDITIONING,
FOR LARGE
AREAS WITH
SIMULTANEOUS
OPERATION
 1.2 VENTILATION SYSTEM
• REQUIREMENT FOR REST ROOMS/ COMFORT ROOMS:
• ASSUME 15 CUBIC FEET PER MINUTE (CFM) PER
PERSON
• EXAMPLE:
• IF A REST ROOM HAS 5 WATER CLOSETS & 3
LAVATORIES, THEN
• CFM OF VENTILATION REQUIRED IS
• = (5 + 3) PERSONS X 15 CFM PER PERSON
• = 120 CFM MIN.
• SAY USE: A 160 CFM EXHAUST CEILING FAN
1.2.1 SAMPLE OF EXHAUST FAN
Type: Centrifugal Fan
Electric Current Type: AC
Blade Material: Plastic
Mounting: Ceiling Fan
Brand Name:
Model Number: CF-180
Power: 60W
Voltage: 230V
Speed: 1200 RPM
Certification: SASO
Blade: 7 Dia.
Frequency: 60 Hz
Capacity: 4.56 m3/min (160CFM)
Static Pressure: 12 mm/W.G
Sound LeveL: 49 dB(A)
G.W: 2.4 Kgs
 1.2.2 DUCT SIZING TABLE
Maximum Air Volume Flow (m3/h)
Diameter Area Comfort systems Industrial s y s t e m s H I g h s p e e d systems
(mm) (sq.m) Main Secondary Connecting Main Secondary Connecting Main Secondary Connecting
Ducts ducts ducts ducts ducts ducts ducts ducts ducts

Speed (m/s) Speed (m/s) Speed (m/s)

5.5 4 2 10 6.5 4 14 9 6.5

63 0.003 62 45 22 112 73 45 157 101 73

80 0.005 99 72 36 181 118 72 253 163 118
100 0.008 155 113 57 283 184 113 396 254 184
125 0.012 243 177 88 442 287 177 618 397 287
160 0.020 398 289 145 723 470 289 1013 651 470
200 0.031 622 452 226 1130 735 452 1583 1017 735
250 0.049 971 707 353 1766 1148 707 2473 1590 1148
315 0.078 1542 1122 561 2804 1823 1122 3926 2524 1823
400 0.126 2487 1809 904 4522 2939 1809 6330 4069 2939
500 0.196 3886 2826 1413 7065 4592 2826 9891 6359 4592
630 0.312 6169 4487 2243 11216 7291 4487 15703 10095 7291
800 0.502 9948 7235 3617 18086 11756 7235 25321 16278 11756
1000 0.785 15543 11304 5652 28260 18369 11304 39564 25434 18369
1250 1.227 24286 17663 8831 44156 28702 17663 61819 39741 28702
1.2.3 DUCTING LAYOUT
 1.2.4 DUCTING LAYOUT
•
1.2.5 DUCTING LAYOUT
 1.3 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
(NFPA 13)
• AS REQUIRED IN THE R.A. 9514, WHICH IS THE NEW FIRE CODE
OF THE PHILIPPINES, FOR A BUILDING NOT MORE THAN 4-
STOREYS, AN AUTOMATIC FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM IS NOT
MANDATORY, EXCEPT IF IT IS A HOTEL, A MOTEL, OR A
DORMITORY, OR A HOSPITAL, OR A BUILDING INTENDED TO
STORE FLAMMABLE MATERIALS.
• OTHERWISE, INSTEAD OF A FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM, A DRY
STAND-PIPE SYSTEM COMPLETE WITH FIRE HYDRANTS WITH
FIRE HOSE PER FLOOR IS REQUIRED. IN ADDITION, FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS ARE REQUIRED IN EACH FLOOR LEVEL.
• FOR A BUILDING ABOVE 4 STOREYS, AN AUTOMATIC FIRE
SPRINKLER SYSTEM COMPLETE WITH A FIRE PUMP AND A
JOCKEY PUMP IS MANDATORY.
 1.3.1 FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM
(NFPA 13)
• SPRINKLER NOOZLES - MUST BE SPACED NOT
MORE THAN 12 FT. OFF-CENTER; A MINIMUM
OF 1 UNIT IN SMALL ROOMS
1.3.2 TYPICAL SPACING OF NOOZLES
(NFPA 13)
 1.3.3 TYP. COMPLETE FIRE
SPRINKLER SYSTEM
BRANCHES

FIREWATER TANK
RISER MAIN

FIREPUMP CONTROLLER SPRINKLERS

FIREPUMP-1

JOCKEY PUMP
CROSS MAIN
FIREPUMP-2
MAIN LINE
 1.3.4 FIRE HOSE CABINETS (NFPA 13)
A fire hose cabinet
must be provided
on each end of the
building lobby near
the stairs, with the
length of the fire
hose that could
reach the farthest
point on the floor
or level (20M or
15M).
1.3.5 FIRE DEPT CONNECTION-
SIAMESE TWIN (NFPA 13)
 1.3.6 SPRINKLER HEADS / NOOZLES
• NFPA 13
requires a
minimum
starting
pressure of
7 psi for
sprinklers
• Min. operating
temperature is
57 degrees
Centigrade.
1.3.7 BASIC RULE OF THUMB IN FIRE
SPRINKLER DISTRIBUTION (NFPA 13)
Size of Pipe Max.No. of Sprinklers Allowed
1” 2 sprinklers
1 ¼” 3 sprinklers
1 ½” 5 sprinklers
2” 10 sprinklers
2 ½” 20 sprinklers
3” 40 sprinklers
3 ½” 65 sprinklers
4” 100 sprinklers
5” 160 sprinklers
6” 275 sprinklers

From NFPA #13, Table 8-5.3.2(a)

1.3.8 FIRE PUMP & JOCKEY PUMP

• JOCKEY PUMP – TO PUMP WATER FROM THE

FIREWATER TANK & MAINTAIN THE OPERATING
WATER PRESSURE IN THE SYSTEM @24/7 at
120PSI MINIMUM. MAX. CAPACITY IS 10% OF THE
RATING OF THE FIRE PUMP.

• FIRE PUMP – TO DELIVER FIRE WATER AT THE

INSTANT THE CUT IN PRESSURE IS REACHED DUE
TO THE OPERATION OF A SPRINKLER NOOZLE
AFTER THE OCCURRENCE OF A FIRE.
1.3.9 TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF FIRE
PUMP & JOCKEY PUMP
 1.3.10 FIREWATER TANK

• FIREWATER TANK – MUST HAVE CAPACITY ADEQUATE

FOR THE OPERATION OF SPRINKLERS.
• IT IS GENERALLY SIZED SIMILAR IN CAPACITY AS THE
DOMESTIC WATER TANK IN ORDER TO PROVIDE AS AN
ALTERNATE STORAGE FOR DOMESTIC WATER.
• A NORMALLY CLOSED GATE VALVE INTER-CONNECTS
THE FIREWATER TANK AND THE DOMESTIC WATER
TANK TO ALLOW CLEANING OF EITHER TANK.
• A GOOD CONSIDERATION IS TO PROVIDE A RAINWATER
STORAGE TANK WITH FILTER WHICH CAN PROVIDE
ALTERNATE WATER SUPPLY TO THE FIREWATER TANK.
1.4 STAIRWELL PRESURIZATION
SYSTEM (NFPA 92)
1.4.1 TYP. STAIRWELL PRESURIZATION
Variable Frequency Driven

SMOKE

SMOKE
 1.4.2 STAIRWELL PRESURIZATION FANS or SPFs
(NFPA 92)
• In the event of a fire emergency, the stairwells are frequently the primary
escape route and may also serve as the primary access route for firefighting
teams. In these smoke control zones, stairwell pressurization fans (or SPF)
are used to pressurize stairwells to limit smoke infiltration by maintaining
positive pressure across closed stairwell doors. Fans used for stairwell
pressurization should be designed to operate at low enough pressures so
that exit doors can be safely opened during evacuation.
• Just like the Fire Pump, the SPF system should be automatically be operated
by the operation of the FDAS system.
• It is recommended here to use variable frequency driven SPFs in order to
maintain the correct positive pressure (a pressure differential of not more
than 0.25inch w.g. or 62.2 Pa) and prevent the occurrence of an over
pressure that may hinder the easy opening of the exit doors.
 1.4.3 STAIRWELL PRESURIZATION
SYSTEM STANDARDS (NFPA 92)
• THE MOST STRINGENT STANDARDS ARE IN:
• 1) Country: Canada Code: NBCC 1990
• Door velocity: 4.72 cu.m/sec + 0.094 cu.m/sec for
every door
• Number of Effective Open Doors: Four (2 Doors on 3
Floors, Exit Door)
• No mention of Air Pressure (min. or max.)

• 2) Country: USA Code: NFPA 92A, 1988

• Pressure: 45 Pa min. to 133Pa max.
• No mention of air velocities
 1.4.4 AIR PRESURIZATION CALCULATIONS
1/2
PRES S URIZATION CALCULATIONS : Method 1 Q= Kf *Al*(DP) NOTES
ZONE 1 Eqn. 4.8a - from
Q = Flow Rate (cfm) ASHRAE
of Smoke MDesign
anagement
1/2
Q= Kf *Al*(DP) K f = Coefficient, 2610 Systems,
2
A l = Flow Area, ft pg. 42
DP = Pressure Diff., 0.05, in H 2O
Flow/ Leakage area calculations:
Table 1
Total
Structural Number of Height Length Depth Area Flow Leakage
Flow area
Component item Area Area values
2 2 2
(ft) (ft) (ft) (ft ) (ft ) (ft ) taken from:
ASHRAE
Design
of Smoke
Doors 26 3 7 0.3 7.8 M anagement
1 2 2
Walls 2 20 170 6800 0.001 6.8 1997 UBC
2 20 200 8000 0.001 8
Ceiling 1 200 170 34000 0.0005 17 1997 UBC

Total = 41.6
Total Flow Area:

(summed from
Table 1) Al = 41.6 ft 2
Coefficient: Kf = 2610
Pressure
Difference: DP = 0.05 in H20
Volumetric Flow
Rate: = 24278.33 cfm
Q = 24278.33 cfm
 1.4.5 HP SIZE OF PRESSURIZATION FAN

• FROM EXAMPLE
• Q = 24,278 CFM MINIMUM
• FROM A TYP. FAN PERFORMANCE CURVES OF
A MANUFACTURER OF HEAVY DUTY
INDUSTRIAL FANS & BLOWERS, THE HP
RATING IS FROM 10HP TO 15HP
• USE: 15HP, 230V, 3PHASE, 60 HZ, 29,000CFM
1.4.6 EXTRACTION of FLAMMABLE &
TOXIC Gases – Carbon Monoxide or CO
CO or Carbon Monoxide is a Carbon Monoxide
colorless, odorless, tasteless, Detectors should sound
flammable, toxic or poisonous the alarm and
automatically run smoke
gas, slightly lighter than air.
extraction or ventilating
• Produced during fires in enclosed fans.
areas due to incomplete
combustion.
• Present in enclosed or partially
enclosed parking levels of buildings
and malls due to smoke from
parked vehicles that are running
idle.
14.7 EXTRACTION OF FLAMMABLE &
TOXIC – Hydrogen Sulfide or H2S
H2S Gas Detectors H2S or Hydrogen Sulfide is a colorless,
should sound an corrosive flammable toxic or
alarm and poisonous gas, with the odor of rotten
automatically run eggs, and slightly heavier than air.
gas extraction or
ventilating fans. • Present in natural gas, a by-product during
refining crude oil, an oil refinery flare
continuously burns toxic H2S; Also present in
fuel oil depots and gasoline stations.
• Present in sewer water, inside septic tanks or
in sewage treatment plants, in swamps.
• May enter homes through the toilets if trap
water seal is lost due to evaporation or
siphonage.
14.8 FLAMMABLE Gas Detectors –
LPG & Methane Gas 40%) and butane (60 - 70%), it is
1) LPG is a mixture of propane (30 -

stored as a liquid under pressure, is

LPG & Methane Gas Detectors colorless & odorless in its natural
should cause an alarm & state.
automatically shut-off the electrical
2) LPG vapour is heavier than air.
Solenoid Valve on the gas supply Therefore, the vapour may flow along
line. the ground and into drains and be
ignited at a considerable distance
SHUT-OFF
from the source of leakage.
3) LPG is odorized before distribution,
such that any escape of gas may be
noticeable by its smell by adding ethyl
mercaptan.

4) LPG forms a flammable mixture

when mixed with air within the
flammability limit to large volumes of
vapour/air mixture and thus cause
considerable hazard.
 1.5 LIFT (ELEVATOR) SYSTEM
• ELEVATOR SYSTEMS ARE VERY SPECIALIZED
EQUIPMENT.
• IT IS ADVISED TO CONSULT WITH ELEVATOR
MANUFACTURERS/ SUPPLIERS RE THE TRAFFIC
REQUIREMENTS OF EACH PARTICULAR BUILDING.
• FOR REFERENCES:
• A 22-STOREY MIX-USE BUILDING HAS TWO (2) LIFTS,
EACH DRIVEN BY A 25HP 3-PHASE 400/230 VOLTS 60HZ
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE (VFD) MOTOR.
• AN 11-STOREY MIX-USE BUILDING HAS TWO (2) LIFTS,
EACH DRIVEN BY A 20HP 3-PHASE 400/230VOLTS VFD
MOTOR.
Student Activity 3
Quiz
inches
 2.0 PLUMBING DESIGN
• DESIGN BASIS:
• TABLE 6-5 ON PAGE 73 OF THE NATIONAL PLUMBING
CODE OF 1999 INDICATES THE “EQUIVALENT WATER
SUPPLY FIXTURE UNITS” FOR EVERY TYPE OF
PLUMBING FIXTURES, INCLUDING LAVATORIES,
SHOWER HEADS, SINKS, WATER CLOSETS, ETC.
• SIMILARLY, TABLE 5-1 ON PAGE 107 OF THE PLUMBING
DESIGN & ESTIMATES BY MAX FAJARDO, JR. INDICATES
A SIMPLIFIED “FIXTURE UNIT VALUES” FOR VARIOUS
PLUMBING FIXTURES.
 2.01 RAINWATER
COLLECTION SYSTEMS
The best option is the provision of an
underground cistern with filters and
baffles to further filter rainwater from the
roof and the gutters through
sedimentation. The capacity of this tank
should be at least equal to that of the
calculated size of the domestic water tank.
2.011 RAINWATER COLLECTION
SYSTEMS
2.012 RAINWATER COLLECTION
SYSTEMS
2.01 3 RAINWATER
INJECTION
One good option is the re-
injection of rainwater to an
underground well through
sand filters. This scheme
which saves space help save
rainwater from being wasted
to the sea and to evaporation.
The water in the well can be
pumped up for domestic
purposes.
 2.02 PLUMBING DESIGN
• EXAMPLE OF FIXTURE UNIT CALCULATIONS TO DETERMINE WATER
SUPPLY DEMAND (USING TABLE 5-1, FIXTURE UNIT VALUES, PAGE
107, PLUMBING DESIGN & ESTIMATES BY MAX FAJARDO, JR.):
• A 4-STOREY BUILDING HAS 11 WATER CLOSETS, 11 LAVATORIES, 9
SHOWERS & 3 KITCHEN SINKS, CALCULATE THE MAXIMUM
DEMAND OF WATER.
• WATER CLOSETS, 11 X 6 UNITS/ CLOSET = 66 UNITS
• LAVATORIES, 11 X 1 UNIT/ LAVATORY = 11 UNITS
• SHOWERS, 9 X 2 UNITS / SHOWER = 18 UNITS
• KITCHEN SINKS, 3 X 2 UNITS/ SINK = 6 UNITS
• TOTAL FIXTURE UNITS = 101 UNITS
• EST.MAX.DEMAND = 101 UNITS X 8 GAL/UNIT = 808 GAL
• OR 808 GAL X 3.78 LITERS/ GAL = 3,054 LITERS
• USE: 3000-LITER STAINLESS STEEL TANK
• EXAMPLE OF FIXTURE UNIT CALCULATIONS TO
• DETERMINE WATER SUPPLY DEMAND (USING TABLE 5-1, FIXTURE UNIT VALUES,
PAGE 107, PLUMBING DESIGN & ESTIMATES BY MAX FAJARDO, JR.):
• A 11-STOREY BUILDING HAS 110 WATER CLOSETS, 110 LAVATORIES, 110 SHOWERS
& 110 KITCHEN SINKS, CALCULATE THE MAXIMUM DEMAND OF WATER.
• WATER CLOSETS, 110 X 6 UNITS/ CLOSET = 660 UNITS
• LAVATORIES, 110 X 1 UNIT/ LAVATORY = 110 UNITS
• SHOWERS, 110 X 2 UNITS / SHOWER = 220 UNITS
• KITCHEN SINKS, 110 X 2 UNITS/ SINK = 220 UNITS
• TOTAL FIXTURE UNITS = 1210 UNITS
• EST.MAX.DEMAND OF DOMESTIC WATER:
• =1210 UNITS X 8 GAL/UNIT
• = 9,680 GALLONS
• Then Use 12,000 Gallons capacity for the Domestic Water Tank, the same as the
volume of the Fire Water Tank.

2.02 DOMESTIC WATER TANK

 2.02 PUMPS REQUIRED

• 2.1 WATER BOOSTER PUMP

• 2.2 WATER PRESSURE PUMP & PRESSURE TANK

• 2.3 CONSTANT PRESSURE PUMP/ WILO PUMP

• 2.4 SUMP PUMP

2.1 WATER BOOSTER PUMP
 2.1.1 PUMP SIZING
• FOR AN UPFEED WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM,
ASSUMING TO FILL UP THE 3000-LITER (800-GAL) TANK
IN 30 MINUTES,
• THE MIN. CAPACITY OF THE WATER PUMP IS
• = 800 GAL/ 30 MINUTES = 26.7 GAL. PER MINUTE OR
GPM, MINIMUM
• FROM PUMP PERFORMANCE TABLES (McMASTER
CATALOG, PAGE 1201)
• FOR A MAXIMUM OF 60-FT HEAD, 40GPM CAPACITY,
THE RATING OF THE MOTOR DRIVE IS
• 1HP, 230V 1-PHASE 60HZ. (REFER TO PUMP SUPPLIER).
2.2 WATER PRESSURE PUMP
 2.2.1 Conventional
Water Supply Design
The conventional water
supply system design pumps
up water to an elevated tank
at the roof deck and delivers
to the faucets, shower heads
and water closets of the
building by gravity. The energy
consumed therefore for, say a
gallon of water from a faucet
at the 2nd floor would be
always equivalent to the
energy used in bringing the
gallon of water to the
elevated water tank.
2.3 CONSTANT PRESSURE PUMP/
WILO PUMP
 2.3.1 WILO PUMP SIZING
(Upfeed System)
• Please see the attached MHIKE Quick Chart
in the next page in selecting simplex,
duplex or triplex booster pumping system.

• Example. If we need a 140 rooms

accommodation with a 3-storey building,
the selected model is
MHIKE W804, 2.5kW x 2, 3Ph, 380v, 60Hz.
2.3.2a WILO PUMP SIZING CHART
2.3.2b WILO PUMP SIZING CHART
 2.3.1 PUMP SIZING FOR LARGER
VOLUMES
• FOR A CONSTANT PRESSURE SUPPLY SYSTEM (LIKE WILO
PUMPS, GRUNDFOS, ETC.)
• SAY FOR A 10,000 LITERS (2,645 GAL) SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR
AN 11-STOREY OFFICE BUILDING,
• THE MIN. CAPACITY OF THE WATER PUMP AT 15-MINUTE
PUMPING IS:
• = 2645 GAL/ 15 MINUTES = 176 GAL. PER MINUTE OR GPM,
MINIMUM
• FOR A 4-STAGE WILO PUMP, USE
• FOR A MAXIMUM OF 120-FT HEAD, 176GPM CAPACITY, THE
RATING OF THE WILO MOTOR DRIVE IS:
• FOUR x 1.5HP, 230V 3-PHASE 60HZ VARIABLE FREQUENCY
DRIVE (VFD) MOTORS. (REFER TO PUMP SUPPLIER).
2.4 SUMP PUMPS
 2.4.1 SUMP PUMP SIZING
• ASSUMING A BASEMENT PUMP AREA OF 12M X 6M OR 72
SQM, THE ESTIMATED VOLUME OF LEAKAGE WATER AT SAY
0.20M HIGH, THE VOLUME IS,
• VOLUME = 12 X 6 X 0.10 = 7.2 CU.M OR 1,904 GAL
• ASSUMING A 30 MINUTES PUMPING TIME, THE PUMP GPM
CAPACITY IS,
• GPM = 1,904 / 30 = 63.5 GPM, MINIMUM
• OR 3,809 GAL PER HOUR OR GPH, MINIMUM
• REFERRING TO MCMASTER, PAGE 1191,
• USE: 0.5HP 230V, 1-PH, 60HZ, 4,200 GPH, 10FT HEAD SUMP
PUMP, PLUS ADD A SPARE PUMP. (REFER TO PUMP
SUPPLIER).
 2.5 SEPTIC TANK DESIGN
•
 2.5.1 SUGGESTED SIZE OF SEPTIC TANKS
3-CHAMBER
# of Pax Residential Comm’l/Industrial
Served 1-6 6-10 11-15 19-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-75 75-100
Inside 120 150 175 200 180 200 230 270 300
Width
Inside 150 200 270 300 210 250 300 330 360
Length
Depth of 120 120 120 120 120 120 130 130 150
Liquid
Inside 150 150 150 150 150 150 160 180 200
Clear Ht.
of Tank
Student Activity
Midterm examination