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FOR RELEASE AT 8:30 AM EDT, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 2024

ADVANCE MONTHLY SALES FOR RETAIL AND FOOD SERVICES, AUGUST 2024
Release Number: CB24-152
September 17, 2024 — The U.S. Census Bureau announced the following advance estimates of U.S. retail
and food services sales for August 2024:

Percent Change in Retail and Food Services Sales from


ADVANCE MONTHLY SALES
Previous Month
Data adjusted for seasonal variation and holiday and trading-day differences but not for
price changes.
5
August 2024 $710.8 billion 0.1%* 4
3
2
1
July 2024
$710.4 billion 1.1%
0
(revised) -1
-2
-3
Next release: October 17, 2024
-4
-5
* The 90 percent confidence interval includes zero. There is insufficient statistical June July August
evidence to conclude that the actual change is different from zero. Total Ex Auto Auto Gen Mer
Data adjusted for seasonal variation and holiday and trading-day differences but Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Advanced Monthly Retail Trade Survey,
not for price changes. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Advanced Monthly Retail September 17, 2024
Trade Survey, September 17, 2024

Advance Estimates of U.S. Retail and Food Services


Advance estimates of U.S. retail and food services sales for August 2024, adjusted for seasonal variation
and holiday and trading-day differences, but not for price changes, were $710.8 billion, an increase of 0.1
percent (±0.5 percent)* from the previous month, and up 2.1 percent (±0.5 percent) from August 2023.
Total sales for the June 2024 through August 2024 period were up 2.3 percent (±0.5 percent) from the
same period a year ago. The June 2024 to July 2024 percent change was revised from up 1.0 percent (±0.5
percent) to up 1.1 percent (±0.2 percent).
Retail trade sales were up 0.1 percent (±0.5 percent)* from July 2024, and up 2.0 percent (±0.5 percent)
from last year. Nonstore retailers were up 7.8 percent (±1.4 percent) from last year, while food services
and drinking places were up 2.7 percent (±2.1 percent) from August 2023.
General Information
The September 2024 Advance Monthly Retail report is scheduled for release on October 17, 2024 at 8:30
a.m. EDT. View the full schedule in the Economic Briefing Room: <https://www.census.gov/economic-
indicators/>. The full text and tables of this release can be found at <www.census.gov/retail/>.

Data Inquiries Media Inquiries


Economic Indicators Division, Retail Indicator Branch Public Information Office
301-763-2713 301-763-3030
eid.retail.indicator.branch@census.gov pio@census.gov
EXPLANATORY NOTES
The advance estimates are based on a subsample of the Census Bureau’s full retail and food services
sample. A stratified random sampling method is used to select approximately 4,800 retail and food
services firms whose sales are then weighted and benchmarked to represent the complete universe of
over three million retail and food services firms. For more information on how data is collected for the
Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, see our methodology page at:
<https://www.census.gov/retail/marts/how_surveys_are_collected.html>.

Survey Description
The U.S. Census Bureau conducts the Advance Monthly Retail Trade and Food Services Survey to provide
an early estimate of monthly sales by kind of business for retail and food service firms located in the
United States. Each month, questionnaires are mailed to a probability sample of approximately 4,800
employer firms selected from the larger Monthly Retail Trade Survey. Advance sales estimates are
computed using a link relative estimator. For each detailed industry, we compute a ratio of current-to-
previous month weighted sales using data from units for which we have obtained usable responses for
both the current and previous month. For each detailed industry, the advance total sales estimates for the
current month is computed by multiplying this ratio by the preliminary sales estimate for the previous
month (derived from the larger MRTS) at the appropriate industry level. Total estimates for broader
industries are computed as the sum of the detailed industry estimates. The link relative estimate is used
because imputation is not performed for most nonrespondents in MARTS. For a limited number of
nonresponding companies that have influential effects on the estimates, sales may be estimated based on
historical performance of that company. The monthly estimates are benchmarked to the annual survey
estimates from the Annual Retail Trade Survey once available. The estimates are adjusted for seasonal
variation and holiday and trading day differences. Additional information on MARTS and MRTS can be
found on the Census Bureau website at: <www.census.gov/retail>.

The Census Bureau has reviewed this data product to ensure appropriate access, use, and disclosure
avoidance protection of the confidential source data (Project No. P-7504206, Disclosure Review Board
(DRB) approval number: CBDRB-FY24-0003).

Reliability of Estimates
Because the estimates presented in this report are based on a sample survey, they contain sampling error
and nonsampling error.

Sampling error is the difference between the estimate and the result that would be obtained from a
complete enumeration of the sampling frame conducted under the same survey conditions. This error
Data Inquiries Media Inquiries
Economic Indicators Division, Retail Indicator Branch Public Information Office
301-763-2713 301-763-3030
eid.retail.indicator.branch@census.gov pio@census.gov
occurs because only a subset of the entire sampling frame is measured in a sample survey. Standard errors
and coefficients of variation (CV), as given in Table 3 of this report, are estimated measures of sampling
variation.
The margin of sampling error, as used on page 1, gives a range about the estimate which is a 90 percent
confidence interval. If, for example, the percent change estimate is +1.2 percent and its estimated
standard error is 0.9 percent, then the margin of sampling error is ±1.753 x 0.9 percent or ±1.6 percent,
and the 90 percent confidence interval is –0.4 percent to +2.8 percent. If the interval contains 0, then one
does not have sufficient evidence to conclude at the 90 percent confidence level that the change is
different from zero and therefore the change is not statistically significant. Estimated changes shown in
the text are statistically significant unless otherwise noted. For a monthly total, the median estimated
coefficient of variation is given. The resulting confidence interval is the estimated value ±1.753 x CV x (the
estimated monthly total). The Census Bureau recommends that individuals using estimates in this report
incorporate this information into their analyses, as sampling error could affect the conclusions drawn from
the estimates.
Nonsampling error encompasses all other factors that contribute to the total error of a sample survey
estimate. This type of error can occur because of nonresponse, insufficient coverage of the universe of
retail businesses, mistakes in the recording and coding of data, and other errors of collection, response,
coverage, or processing. Although nonsampling error is not measured directly, the Census Bureau employs
quality control procedures throughout the process to minimize this type of error.

Weather Information
For information on the impact of weather events on the compilation of this report, please see the
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on our website at:
<www.census.gov/retail/marts_weather_faqs.html>

RESOURCES
The Rest of the Consumer Spending Story
Retail and services together represent what’s commonly referred to as consumer spending. Quarterly
Services Survey (QSS) revenue comprises roughly 2/3 of the personal consumption expenditures
component of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measured by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).
The second quarter 2024 Quarterly Services Report was released on August 19, 2024 at 10:00 AM. Learn
about historical revenue trends for certain industries going back 15 years and other data, such as in-
patient days and discharges for hospitals, by visiting <https://www.census.gov/services/index.html>

Data Inquiries Media Inquiries


Economic Indicators Division, Retail Indicator Branch Public Information Office
301-763-2713 301-763-3030
eid.retail.indicator.branch@census.gov pio@census.gov
API
The Census Bureau’s application programming interface lets developers create custom apps to reach new
users and makes key demographic, socio-economic and housing statistics more accessible than ever
before. <www.census.gov/developers/>

FRED Mobile App


Receive the latest updates on the nation’s key economic indicators by downloading
the FRED App <https://fred.stlouisfed.org/fred-mobile/> for both Apple and
Android devices. FRED, the signature database of the Federal Reserve Bank of St.
Louis, now incorporates the Census Bureau’s 13 economic indicators.
###
* The 90 percent confidence interval includes zero. There is insufficient statistical evidence to conclude that the actual change is different from zero.

Data Inquiries Media Inquiries


Economic Indicators Division, Retail Indicator Branch Public Information Office
301-763-2713 301-763-3030
eid.retail.indicator.branch@census.gov pio@census.gov
Table 1. Estimated Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, by Kind of Business
(Total sales estimates are shown in millions of dollars and are based on data from the Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, Monthly Retail Trade Survey,
and administrative records.)
2
Not Adjusted Adjusted
1
NAICS 8 Month Total 2024 2023 2024 2023
Kind of Business 3 3
code % Chg. Aug. Jul. Jun. Aug. Jul. Aug. Jul. Jun. Aug. Jul.
2024 2023 (a) (p) (r) (a) (p) (r) (r) (r)
Retail & food services,
total ……………………………….………..………..5,598,571 2.9 736,604 725,752 701,555 718,533 696,200 710,773 710,409 702,350 695,940 690,641
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts) … 4,515,073 3.2 592,341 585,485 570,931 577,027 561,498 576,478 576,009 573,599 563,322 558,584
Total (excl. gasoline stations) ………………………….
5,169,889 3.3 679,891 668,466 646,232 658,027 639,648 658,790 657,805 650,010 640,174 638,567
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts &
gasoline stations) ………………………. 4,086,391 3.7 535,628 528,199 515,608 516,521 504,946 524,495 523,405 521,259 507,556 506,510
Retail …..…………………………….……….. 4,837,823 2.5 637,747 629,023 604,360 624,457 601,631 616,263 615,855 607,986 603,889 599,270
4
GAFO ………………………....……...……...…………..………..……….. (*) (*) (*) 129,938 129,215 133,614 128,320 (*) 131,905 131,225 129,812 129,730
441 Motor vehicle & parts dealers …….………..1,083,498 1.5 144,263 140,267 130,624 141,506 134,702 134,295 134,400 128,751 132,618 132,057
4411, 4412 Auto & other motor veh. dealers . 990,786 1.3 131,881 128,234 118,881 129,346 123,394 122,680 122,830 117,124 121,338 120,738
44111 New car dealers ……………….……….. (*) (*) (*) 105,290 96,318 105,573 100,406 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
4413 Auto parts, acc. & tire stores…………….. (*) (*) (*) 12,033 11,743 12,160 11,308 (*) 11,570 11,627 11,280 11,319
442 Furniture & home furn. stores ……………..………..
87,624 -5.1 11,924 11,411 10,826 11,906 11,169 11,217 11,298 11,104 11,296 11,351
4421 Furniture stores …………………..………..……….. (*) (*) (*) 6,174 5,885 6,528 6,282 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
4422 Home furnishings stores ………..……….. (*) (*) (*) (S) (S) (S) (S) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
443 Electronics & appliance stores …………….. 59,081 1.7 7,866 7,647 7,281 7,685 7,205 7,819 7,908 7,821 7,670 7,576
444 Building material & garden eq. &
supplies dealers…………………….………..……….. 329,450 -2.3 42,946 44,079 43,795 43,921 41,865 41,170 41,144 40,803 41,223 41,014
4441 Building mat. & sup. dealers …………….. (*) (*) (*) 39,150 37,893 38,698 36,649 (*) 35,950 35,547 35,601 35,375
445 Food & beverage stores…………….……….. 657,967 2.1 85,128 85,241 82,828 82,889 83,201 83,110 83,677 82,893 81,826 81,384
4451 Grocery stores …………………..………..……….. 590,900 1.9 76,323 76,247 73,990 74,491 74,481 74,461 74,899 74,138 73,390 72,878
4453 Beer, wine & liquor stores ……………….. (*) (*) (*) 6,388 6,273 5,947 6,213 (*) 6,172 6,156 5,935 5,986
446 Health & personal care stores …….………..291,168 2.7 38,251 37,318 35,656 37,069 34,589 37,797 37,543 36,911 36,521 35,844
44611 Pharmacies & drug stores ……………….. (*) (*) (*) 31,639 29,587 31,033 28,984 (*) 31,482 30,756 30,544 29,819
447 Gasoline stations ……………………………..………..
428,682 -1.3 56,713 57,286 55,323 60,506 56,552 51,983 52,604 52,340 55,766 52,074
448 Clothing & clothing accessories
stores …………………………….…..………..………..
195,576 2.6 27,312 25,409 25,121 26,657 24,911 26,097 26,276 26,248 25,843 25,584
44811 Men's clothing stores …………………….. (*) (*) (*) (S) (S) (S) (S) (*) (S) (S) (S) (S)
44812 Women's clothing stores ………..……….. (*) (*) (*) 2,926 2,845 3,055 3,019 (*) 3,032 3,040 3,133 3,128
44814 Family clothing stores …………………….. (*) (*) (*) 11,104 10,921 11,072 10,535 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)
4482 Shoe stores ………………………………..……….. (*) (*) (*) 3,444 2,969 4,280 3,471 (*) 3,302 3,182 3,375 3,312
451 Sporting goods, hobby, musical
instrument, & book stores ……………………..
62,411 -3.5 8,929 8,008 8,152 9,194 8,470 8,169 8,146 8,218 8,474 8,777
452 General merchandise stores……….………..………..
586,618 3.1 78,861 74,861 75,183 75,414 73,787 75,655 75,864 75,247 74,074 73,793
4521 Department stores ………………….………..82,209 -1.3 11,393 10,440 10,569 11,455 10,618 10,834 10,949 10,983 11,068 10,975
4529 Other general merch. stores…. ..……….. (*) (*) (*) 64,421 64,614 63,959 63,169 (*) 64,915 64,264 63,006 62,818
45291 Warehouse clubs &
supercenters………………….………..………..(*) (*) (*) 55,711 55,582 55,327 54,625 (*) 55,823 55,196 54,189 53,871
45299 All oth. gen. merch. stores…………….. (*) (*) (*) 8,710 9,032 8,632 8,544 (*) 9,092 9,068 8,817 8,947
453 Miscellaneous store retailers ……..………..120,504 6.3 15,930 15,479 15,739 14,452 14,508 15,362 15,107 15,226 13,883 14,474
454 Nonstore retailers …………………..………..………..
935,244 8.3 119,624 122,017 113,832 113,258 110,672 123,589 121,888 122,424 114,695 115,342
4541 Elect. shopping & m/o houses ….……….. (*) (*) (*) 113,954 106,244 103,679 102,289 (*) 112,938 113,874 104,515 105,670
722 Food services & drinking places ……….. 760,748 5.3 98,857 96,729 97,195 94,076 94,569 94,510 94,554 94,364 92,051 91,371

(*) Advance estimates are not available for this kind of business. (NA) Not available (a) Advance estimate (p) Preliminary estimate (r) Revised estimate

(S) Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability (coefficient of variation is greater than 30%), poor response quality
(total quantity response rate is less than 50%), or other concerns about the estimate's quality.
(1) For a full description of the NAICS codes used in this table, see <https://www.census.gov/naics/>.
(2) Estimates are concurrently adjusted for seasonal variation and for holiday and trading day differences, but not for price changes. Concurrent seasonal adjustment
uses all available unadjusted estimates as input to the X-13ARIMA-SEATS program. The factors derived from the program are used in calculating all seasonally
adjusted estimates shown in this table. Year-to-date seasonally adjusted sales estimates are not tabulated. Adjustment factors and explanatory material can be found
on the Internet at <http://www.census.gov/retail>.
(3) Advance estimates are based on early reports obtained from a small sample of firms selected from the larger Monthly Retail Trade Survey (MRTS) sample.
All other estimates are from the MRTS sample.
(4) GAFO represents firms which specialize in department store types of merchandise and is comprised of furniture & home furnishings (442), electronics & appliances (443),
clothing & accessories (448), sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, and book (451), general merchandise (452), office supply, stationery, and gift stores (4532).
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, September 17, 2024. (Project No. P-7504206 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-0003), Table 3 provides estimated measures
of sampling variability. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at
<www.census.gov/retail/how_surveys_are_collected.html>.
Table 2. Estimated Change in Monthly Sales for Retail and Food Services, by Kind of Business
(Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, Monthly Retail Trade Survey,
and administrative records.)
1
Percent Change
Jun. 2024
Aug. 2024 Advance Jul. 2024 Preliminary through
NAICS Kind of Business from -- from -- Aug. 2024 from --
code Mar. 2024 Jun. 2023
Jul. 2024 Aug. 2023 Jun. 2024 Jul. 2023 through through
(p) (r) (r) (r) May 2024 Aug. 2023
Retail & food services,
total ………………………………..…………..………….. 0.1 2.1 1.1 2.9 0.6 2.3
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts) ….. 0.1 2.3 0.4 3.1 0.8 2.9
Total (excl. gasoline stations) ………………………….0.1 2.9 1.2 3.0 0.9 2.7
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts &
gasoline stations) ……………………….………….. 0.2 3.3 0.4 3.3 1.3 3.4
Retail ………………………..………..………….. 0.1 2.0 1.3 2.8 0.6 2.2
441 Motor vehicle & parts dealers ………………….. -0.1 1.3 4.4 1.8 -0.4 -0.2
4411, 4412 Auto & other motor veh. dealers … -0.1 1.1 4.9 1.7 -0.6 -0.5
442 Furniture & home furn. stores ………………….. -0.7 -0.7 1.7 -0.5 2.8 -1.9
443 Electronics & appliance stores …….………….. -1.1 1.9 1.1 4.4 0.8 2.3
444 Building material & garden eq. &
supplies dealers………………………………….. 0.1 -0.1 0.8 0.3 1.9 -0.2
445 Food & beverage stores………………………….. -0.7 1.6 0.9 2.8 0.7 2.2
4451 Grocery stores …………………….………….. -0.6 1.5 1.0 2.8 0.8 2.1
446 Health & personal care stores ………………….. 0.7 3.5 1.7 4.7 3.0 3.3
447 Gasoline stations ……………………..………….. -1.2 -6.8 0.5 1.0 -3.1 -1.9
448 Clothing & clothing accessories
stores ……………………….……………………..…………..-0.7 1.0 0.1 2.7 1.5 2.5
451 Sporting goods, hobby, musical
instrument, & book stores ……………………….. 0.3 -3.6 -0.9 -7.2 -0.6 -4.8
452 General merchandise stores…………………….. -0.3 2.1 0.8 2.8 0.2 2.5
4521 Department stores ………………………. -1.1 -2.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.2
453 Miscellaneous store retailers ……….………….. 1.7 10.7 -0.8 4.4 0.1 6.2
454 Nonstore retailers …………………….………….. 1.4 7.8 -0.4 5.7 2.3 7.4
722 Food services & drinking places ………….. 0.0 2.7 0.2 3.5 0.4 3.4

(p) Preliminary estimate (r) Revised estimate

(1) Estimates shown in this table are derived from adjusted estimates provided in Table 1 of this report.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, September 17, 2024. (Project No. P-7504206 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-0003),
Table 3 provides estimated measures of sampling variability. Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error,
nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at <www.census.gov/retail/how_surveys_are_collected.html>.
Table 3. Estimated Measures of Sampling Variability and Revision to Advance Estimates Aug. 2024
(Estimates are shown as percents and are based on data from the Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey and Monthly Retail Trade Survey)
Median standard error(1) for Revision for month-
Median Percent change to-month change(2)
NAICS Code Kind of Business CV (1) for Previous Mo. Previous Qtr. Current Mo. Median
Current Mo. to to to same Average absolute
(%) Current Mo. Current Qtr. Mo. Last Yr. revision revision
Retail & food services,
total ………………..……………………………………… 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts) ……….. 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2
Total (excl. gasoline stations) ………………………….0.9 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2
Total (excl. motor vehicle & parts &
gasoline stations) ……………………………… 1.2 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.2
Retail, total …..……………………………………….. 0.8 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2
441 Motor vehicle & parts dealers ………………. 1.5 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.4
4411, 4412 Auto & other motor veh. dealers ………… 1.7 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.0 0.4
442 Furniture & home furn. stores………………. 2.9 1.8 0.8 1.8 0.3 1.2
443 Electronics & appliance stores ………………………….. 2.1 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.0 0.7
444 Building material & garden eq. &
supplies dealers………………………………………… 3.0 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.0 0.2
445 Food & beverage stores………………………………. 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1
4451 Grocery stores ………………………………. 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1
446 Health & personal care stores ……………… 3.4 0.5 0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.3
447 Gasoline stations ……………………………………… 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.5
448 Clothing & clothing accessories
stores …………………………………………………… 3.2 0.9 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.3
451 Sporting goods, hobby, musical
instrument, & book stores ………………..…. 2.6 1.0 1.0 1.4 -0.2 0.4
452 General merchandise stores………………… 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1
4521 Department stores …………………………… 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2
453 Miscellaneous store retailers …………………. 5.0 2.6 1.4 3.0 0.9 1.7
454 Nonstore retailers ………………………………….. 2.1 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.0 0.3
722 Food services & drinking places ……………… 3.4 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.0 0.2
(1) Estimated measures of sampling variability are based on estimates not adjusted for seasonal variation or holiday or trading day variation. Medians are based
on estimates for the most recent 12 months.

(2) These columns provide measures of the difference between the advance-to-preliminary and preliminary-to-final estimates of month-to-month change for the
same pair of months as measured by the Advance sample and MRTS sample. The average and median revisions are based on estimates for the most
recent 12 months.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Advance Monthly Retail Trade Survey, September 17, 2024. (Project No. P-7504206 / Approval CBDRB-FY24-0003),
Additional information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions may be found at
<www.census.gov/retail/how_surveys_are_collected.html>.

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