Module 7:

ARTS IN COSMETOLOGY AND

WELLNESS
Introduction
Caring and developing ourselves is a necessity in this busy world. We have a lot of things
going on and sometimes relaxing and taking time for ourselves is just the best thing we can
do.

This module deals with the overall wellness of the person including personality. We will also
discuss how to care for our body not just on the external aspect but internal as well.

Course Objectives
At the end of this module, the students will be able to:

1. Explain how to care for their bodies (internal and external); and
2. Recall the basics of hand care, foot care, and hair care.

Developing a Pleasing Personality

Personality is the personal quality that makes one person be different or act differently from
another.

A pleasing personality of appearance cannot just happen it is caused. It is something one must
work for to achieve good results. Certainly, the personality that people see in you is thee result
of your habit of doing things and of thinking. They actually make the you that people see, hear
and talk about. Pleasing habits and traits – habits that can build up oneself produce a pleasing
personality.

Forming desirable personality habits is not easy. Just like you New Year’s resolutions, it can
turn out to be an enumeration of things you ought to do but are never realized. Following are
ways to help you develop good habits and traits.

1. Be clear and definite about the habit you want to develop.

2. Be determined. Work for it.

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 3. Be enthusiastic about it from the start until the habits has been formed.
4. Program your activities in such a way that you get ample chance to do the thing
repeatedly.
5. Be positive that you’ll get the habit formed in due time. Be stern with small excuses.
6. Be consistent. Allow no exception in doing that things you want to become a habit.
7. Be aware of your progress. Keep encouraging yourself until the habit is firmly
established.

EAT PROPRELY
Growth uses up food rapidly. As a coping reaction, you must eat a balanced diet every meal.
This habit will keep you in good condition because a balanced diet will supply your body with
sufficient nutrients necessary in carrying out your different activities. Eat regularly and slowly.
Chew your food properly so that it can be easily digested, absorbed and assimilated by your
body organs.

EXERCISE FOR YOUR HEALTH

Exercise stimulates the opposite, aids digestion, quickens the circulation of the blood and
encourages sound sleep and growth. It improves the tone of your muscles.

Sometimes you don’t have to follow a special routine for exercises. Daily tasks can also be
turned into simple exercises. For instance, climbing stairs is an exercise. Reaching for a book
on a high shelf gives you a chance to stretch your arms and shoulders.

HAVE ENOUGH REST AND SLEEP

After a tough day, it is a must that they not only get the needed nutrients for growth and repair
of the worn-out tissues but amply sleep and rest as well. Sleeping gives the body the chance
to repair. It provides renewed strength and vitality for another exciting day.

CLEANLINESS
Cleanliness not only contributes to your health but also increases your sense of well-being,
thus helps you to be acceptable to others.

Care of the Eyes

Bright, sparkling eyes reflect your good health and high spirits. Protect your eyes form strain
and fatigue by reading and studying only in a well-lighted area. Sit far enough away from
television to view them comfortably without eye strain. Avoid reading in any moving vehicle or
while lying down. It will strain your eyes. Eat well-balanced meals rich in vitamin A.

Care of the Teeth

The charm of a friendly smile may be marred or increased by the appearance of your teeth.
Brush them at least twice a day, night and morning. If you can, brush them after each meal.
Proper brushing not only cleanses the teeth but also helps to maintain the gums in healthy
condition. A twisting motion will help bristles reach hard to wash places between the teeth.

Care of the Hair

Well-cared for hair is bright and glossy with even unbroken ends. It benefits from a well-
balanced diet, fresh air, sunshine, rest and exercise. A daily brushing of about a hundred
strokes will help to maintain a glossy sheen.

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Care of the Face
To take care of the face, it should be washed at least once a day to remove the dirt that cling
to the surface of the skin. This is in addition to a daily bath. Dry your face with a pat not a rub.
Get enough vitamin C from your food rather than fats and oils.

Care of the Hands and Feet

Washing your hands several times with warm water and mild soap is the best care you could
give your hands. Drying your hands well will prevent them from being rough and chafed.

Your feet need a special attention, too. When you soap them, be sure to work out a thick lather
into, between and around your toes. Microbes thrive in dark, moist places, that is why rinsing
and drying should be thorough particularly in between the toes. To prevent cracks, powdering
helps.

Tools, Materials and Equipment Used in Hand and Foot Care

TOOLS
Tools are articles used in any service which are durable or permanent and are hand-held.
Tools are also referred to as implements.

1. Cuticle nail pusher – is used to push back and loosen the cuticles.
2. Cuticle nipper – is used to cut the cuticles.
3. Cuticle scissors – are used to cut stubborn cuticles.
4. Finger or Manicure Bowl – is a small bowl used for soaking the fingers to soften the
cuticles.
5. Foot file – is made of metal or sandpaper, with a rough file on one side to remove
calluses and a fine file on the other side to smoothen the feet.
6. Foot spa basin – is a large rectangular container used for bathing and soaking the
feet when giving a pedicure.
7. Manicure nail brush – is a plastic brush with nylon bristles used to clean dirt and
cosmetic residue from the nail surface and skin.
8. Nail buffer – is used for smoothening and polishing the nails.
9. Nail cutter/ Nail clipper/ Nail trimmer – is a hand tool made of metal used to trim
fingernail and toenails.
10. Nail file – is used to shape the free edges of the nail with the coarse side and bevel
the nail with the finer side.
11. Pedicure nail brush – is a tool to remove cosmetics and cleanse nails.

MATERIALS
Materials are cosmetics and supplies that are consumed and should be replaced from time
to time. They are also called consumables.

1. Rubbing alcohol – is an organic compound used as sanitizer.

2. Antiseptic solution – is an agent that reduces or prevents the multiplication of
microorganisms.
3. Assorted color nail polish – is a lacquer applied on fingernails and toenails to decorate
and/or protect the nail plate.

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 4. Base coat – is a clear layer or polish applied to the nail plate before the application of
colored polish to smoothen the nail surface and promote healthier nails.
5. Cotton – is a soft white downy fiber for dubbing or cleaning the nails and removing nail
polish.
6. Cuticle remover – is a liquid used to soften nail cuticles and prepare them for cutting.
7. Foot soak – is an herbal blend to relax, energize, soothe and deodorize the feet.
8. Foot scrub – is a mixture of natural ingredients to keep feet soft, smooth and
moisturized.
9. Nail polish remover – is an organic solvent used to dissolve old polish on nails.
10. Top coat – is a clear nail polish applied to the nails after the colored polish to protect it
from scratches and chips, it makes nails harder and keeps them looking shiny.

EQUIPMENT
Equipment are the items which are more or less durable and permanent needed for a
particular activity or purpose.

1. Foot spa machine – is an electronic gadget used for soaking, bathing, and massaging
the feet during a foot spa.
2. Hand spa machine – is an electronic gadget used to soothe pain from arthritis, and
muscle spasms, and dry cracked skin of the hands.

Basic Information About the Nail

The nail is a plate of keratin that lies on the tips of the fingers and toes. The main use of the
nail is to protect the fingers and toes. It also assists with certain physical activities in daily life.

SHAPES OF THE NAIL

1. Oval – this is common among people with

long, perfect nail beds. It may be styled
slightly rounded of the base and slightly
pointed at the fingertips. Most often this
type of nail has a natural look and looks
very good in a short-medium length.

2. Round – ideal for shorter nails, the nail is allowed to grow out straight at the sides for
approximately 1.5 mm and then tip is filed into a rounded shape. This is a strong shape
which is great for those who keep their nails short.
3. Stiletto/pointed (Almond) – filed away at the sides to a point at the tip; this shape is
very weak as the sides of the nail are totally lost.
4. Squoval – similar to the above but followed by squaring off the tip, giving the nail tip
strength over the oval shape.
5. Square – the most popular among the nail shapes. It is created by allowing the nail to
grow out straight and then filing the tip straight across at right angles with the rest of
the nail plate.

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Basics of Hand Care and Foot Care
TRIMMING YOUR NAILS
Trimming of nail plays a very vital role. It is a very easy task but sometimes it causes little
problems such as unwanted abrasions and ingrown nails, when not done properly. Apply the
following steps when cutting the nails.

Step 1: Prepare the types of instruments for this task. Nail cutter, who has small or medium
slightly curved blades, which are suitable for trimming the finger nails. Nail cutter with straight
blades is are not suitable for use.

Step 2: Before using your nail cutter, make sure that it is clean. Wash your nail cutter to remove
dust and germs, especially when you are sharing your nail cutter with someone else. Dry it
thoroughly after washing it.

Step 3: Wash your hands. Wipe them dry with any towel or tissue paper. This process cleans
your fingernails and helps soften them, making them easier to cut.

Step 4: You must cut your nails in a place where you can clearly see what you are doing. Have
a small receptacle ready so you can collect the trimmed nails.

Step 5: Decide the shape of your nails. Decide which shape you actually want. After deciding
lift the nail cutter and start cutting your nails.

Step 6: Start cutting your nails starting from your little finger.

Step 7: Make at least two or three cuts of a finger nail until everything is snug. Follow the curve
of the nail to get a clean cut. Check skin flaps after each cut and remove them carefully.

Step 8: Sit comfortably and crouch your knee side to easily reach up and see the nails clearly.
Be sure not to set up deep razor to prevent scratches. Adjust the position of razor if you feel
any discomfort.

Step 9: After cutting your nails, use a nail file to smooth any rough and odd surface on your
nails. When you file, do it in on tilt – from the corner of the nail to go down.

Step 10: Apply some moisturizer on your hands to keep the cuticles moisturized and smooth.

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CREATING BASIC NAIL DESIGNS
The following are basic nail designs which you can offer in a nail salon.

A. Plain Manicure
The application of nail polish to the entire nail plate.

How to do it:
1. Apply base coat.
• Begin with the little finger on one hand.
Repeat polish application on the other
hand.
2. Apply two coats of polish.
• Use light long strokes from nail base to free edge.
• Apply first coat to the middle of the nail first and then to the sides.
• Apply second coat of polish on both hands.
• Remove excess polish around with nail cotton tipped orangewood stick.
3. Apply top coat.
• Apply a top coat over the entire nail plate.

B. Half-Moon
Involves applying of nail polish over the whole nail plate except the lunula.

How to do it:
1. Apply base coat.
2. Apply white or platinum nail polish and leave
for a few minutes to dry.
3. Apply colored polish from one side to the other
side of the nail following the shape of the
lunula. Repeat the application of the nail polish
if necessary.
4. Remove excess polish from the skin.
5. Apply top coat.

C. Half-Moon with Tip

It involves the application of colored polish over the
whole nail plate except the area of lunula and tip of the
nail.

How to do it:
1. Apply base coat.
2. Apply white or platinum nail polish and leave for a few minutes to dry.
3. Apply colored nail polish from one side to the other side of the nail to form a half-moon,
leaving the lunula of the nail. Leave the part of the free edge. The free edge should be
seen. Repeat the application of nail polish if necessary.
4. Remove excess polish.
5. Apply top coat.

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D. French Manicure or Tip Design
Involves the application of colored polish over the
whole part of the nail except the area of the free-edge.

How to do it:
1. Apply base coat and leave for a few minutes to
dry.
2. Apply white or platinum nail polish and leave
for a few minutes to dry.
3. Apply colored nail polish from one side to the other side of the nail following the shape
of the free edge. Repeat the application of nail polish if necessary.
4. Remove excess polish.
5. Apply top coat.

E. Elephant Tusk
Elephant tusk is a style that involves the application of nail polish to create S curve, leaving a
slightly larger gap along the nail walls.

How to do it:
1. Apply white or platinum nail polish and leave for a few minutes to dry.
2. Apply colored nail polish creating a half circle design at the inner side of the nail as
you continue it to form an S.
3. Fill up the other side to complete the design.
4. Remove excess polish,
5. Seal with a top coat.

GIVING FOOT SPAS

Step 1: Set up a bowl of warm water. Add some scented bubble bath or oil for your type of
skin, and mix in.

Step 2: Soak your feet for five to ten minutes. If using the almond and milk soak, soak for
fifteen minutes to get the softer feel.

Step 3: After soaking, dry your feet thoroughly using a clean, soft, towel. Remove any dirt
under your toenails, and clip your toenails to a suitable length. If wished, slightly pushed back
the cuticles as the cuticles will be soft.

Step 4: Massage your feet. Use a rich balm or cream, or exfoliate. If your feet do not quite feel
smooth on the bottom or sides, use a hand-held foot rubber with a rough surface. As you
massage your feet, take this opportunity to notice how they are; are there any bumps, warts,
growths, cracks, peeling areas, etc. that need special attention? If you have hard calluses,
corns or growths, you might need to seek medical advice.

Step 5: Rub of the exfoliate with a towel. Rinse the rest off in the bow of water used for soaking
in.

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Step 6: Rub your favorite moisturizing foot or body lotion over each foot. This step will leave
your feel sweet smelling and soft. If you’re going to be painting your toenails, wipe off lotion
from the toenail area with polish remover before starting. Otherwise, the lotion will interfere
with the application of the nail polish.

GIVING HAND SPAS

Step 1: Measure 2 cups of water and 1 cup of whole milk into a medium saucepan. Heat the
milk and water slowly over low heat for about 10 minutes, checking occasionally to prevent
scalding of the milk.

Step 2: Remove the milk and water from the heat after about 10 minutes and add 1 ½
tablespoon of extra virgin olive oil and a pinch of powdered cinnamon to the pot. Leave the
pot to cool for a few minutes. In the meantime, prepare your nail scrub. Combine 4 tablespoons
of fine grain sea salt and just enough extra virgin olive oil in a small bowl to create an even
paste.

Step 3: Soak your hands in the warm malik and oil mixture for 15-20 minutes, softening and
moisturizing the skin. Remove your hands and apply a small amount of the sea salt scrub to
your hands, massaging into calluses and around the fingernails. Splash your hands in the milk
to remove the salt and then pat your hands dry.

Step 4: Take this opportunity to trim and file your nails, push back and trim cuticles and clean
and manicure your hands. Once finished, apply a light moisturizer and enjoy your soft, healthy
hands and nails. For best results, repeat your hand spa treatment 1 to 2 times a week.

Basics of Hair Care

MUST-HAVE HAIRDRESSING TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT LIST

1. All-Purpose Shears

The standard size most hairdressers use is between 5.5 inches and 6.5 inches depending on
the results they want. A 5.5-inch shear is ideal for precision cutting, while a longer shear, say,
between 6 and 7 inches, works well for bigger jobs like large sections, compressed cutting,
and deep texturizing.

A longer shear also reduces the time it takes to execute a one-length bob or a scissor-over-
comb technique and allows you to comfortably cut the hair around a client’s face.

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 2. Blending Shears

When you want to remove weight in a

hurry, soften lines or add controlled
texture, you need a blending shear.
Sometimes called a thinning shear,
this versatile tool has evenly spaced
teeth on one side and a straight blunt
blade on the other.

Look for a professional blending shear

(also called a professional thinning shear or professional texturizing shear) with a moderate
removal of weight so that it can be used for softly removing lines, texturizing, and adjusting
weight balance within a shape. For best performance, the blending shear should have convex
blades and opposing grip handles so that it is reversible.

3. Blow Dryer

You want something light enough that it won’t feel like you’ve
been lifting weights at the end of the day, and look for cutting-
edge ionic technology, which speeds up drying time, reduces
damage and leaves locks looking shiny and frizz-free.

4. Curling Iron

If you can have only one iron in your kit, make it a

1” curling iron. It’s versatile enough to create a
variety of looks because the barrel is not so small
that you end up with tight ringlets, yet it’s big
enough to deliver just the right amount of bend and
wave.

Wrap the hair around the barrel using different techniques and get curl that runs the gamut
from loose to polished and sophisticated.

5. Paddle Brush

When it comes to quickly and safely detangling hair,

there’s nothing like a paddle brush to do the trick. It’s
also the brush of choice for flat-wrapping or volume
wrapping hair before finishing. Another plus: The
wide, rectangular surface is ideal for creating tension
across a large surface while blow drying.

Look for a design with a soft cushioned base and ball-tipped nylon bristles infused with
tourmaline. This will create more tension and shine within the hair with less work.

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 6. The Right Combs

A variety of combs will make any job easier—creating clean

sections when cutting, coloring or styling hair; scissor-over-
comb or clipper-over-comb techniques; and separating,
straightening and styling the hair.

A Comb Set featuring a tail comb, a short cutting comb, a

long cutting comb and a wide cutting comb will cover all of
the bases.

7. Sectioning Clips

Clips are ideal for sectioning hair while styling,

cutting or coloring. Still, not all clips are created
equal. Look for ones that provide maximum grip on
dry hair so you can isolate large sections of hair
when dry cutting. You also want a clip that won’t
leave marks, a must for creating pristine up styles.

Dry sectioning clips are a great option because they can still be used on wet hair but will
minimize creases and lines on dry hair.

8. Water Bottle/Sprayer

Every hairdresser should have a water bottle that fits easily in their hand while lightly misting
or quickly saturating the hair. Prolonged, continuous spray is a great feature found in many
newer water spray bottles.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF HAIR TREATMENT

Achieving healthy, vibrant, and beautiful hair is a never-ending journey. Aside from having a
regular hair care routine and using only the best hair care products, getting luxury hair
treatment at a salon or using products at home are also important to restore hair shine and
improve overall hair health. With so many different hair treatments available at modern salons,
it can be difficult to choose which one is the best for your hair type or condition. Here are some
of the best salon hair treatments you can try out.

Keratin Treatment
Frizzy hair is a battle that most women lose. To win the war against frizzy hair, Keratin
Complex treatment is the salon treatment to have. It has been a popular smoothing treatment
for more than ten years. It is known to deliver smooth results that last for weeks. Keratin
treatment is more popularly known as the Brazilian Blowout, and it can transform hair from
being curly to smooth, straight hair. However, the effect only stays until the hair grows out,
then it will need another application in the salon.

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This treatment is ideal for women with curly and frizzy hair that just won’t stay still. Keratin
treatment gives smooth results without the need for flat irons and styling products. There are
two methods of applying keratin to the hair. The basic keratin smoothing treatment provides
shine and silky tresses for up to six months. On the other hand, the Brazilian Blowout gives
off a solution which pelts the hair shaft and keeps curls at away for almost three months.

Scalp Treatment
People who experience itchy and dry scalp may ask for a scalp treatment from any salon. This
service provides a wonderful feeling, and it corrects the oil production in the scalp to
encourage healthy hair growth. Scalp treatment can be done for people with oily scalp or those
with dry flaky patches. Having a healthy scalp is necessary to have healthy hair.

Hot Oil Treatment

This hair treatment is one of the most popular when clients want instantaneous shine and seal
the hair cuticle. This results in silky hair that looks and feels smooth and well-nourished. The
process usually takes 30 minutes to 1 hour depending on the hair condition and health. The
oil treatment is applied on the hair for around 15-20 minutes then rinsed out. Clients with
colored hair as well as those with dry and frizzy hair can benefit from this hair treatment.

Hair Detox Treatment

This type of hair treatment is best for those who have undergone different kinds of hair styling
and treatments. Excessive product use or exposure to chemicals will leave a buildup on the
hair shaft and start hair damage. Hair detox treatment clears the hair shaft and improves
overall hair and scalp health to encourage hair growth. A hair detox will also cleanse the
tresses and remove impurities that cause it to lack the shine and lushness.

Hair damage is a common scenario that many people experience. There are many salon
treatments offered today, and it pays to know which one will work for your hair condition. Next
time you find yourself grimacing at split ends or fighting brittle hair, remember that a haircut is
not always the solution. There are hair professional treatments to achieve beautiful hair every
day.

SAMPLE HAIRSTYLES

Wet Look + Natural Waves

This look works best on natural curly or hair with a light wave. Start on
damp hair. Apply a generous amount of styling foam to hands and work
through hair. Lightly comb hair back away from face with a wide tooth
comb (don’t over comb). Using setting clips secure desired shape leaving
out a few pieces around hairline. Scrunch hair from ends upward to
enhance curl or wave. For more volume at top loosen & lift
section. Secure final style with setting clips & let air dry. Remove clips to
finish.

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Modern Vintage
Create a deep side parting on clean dry hair. Begin
close to the parting on either side, spray hairspray
where the wave clip will be inserted. Comb through,
slide a wave clip in & secure. Repeat this step until
your last clip is inserted just above the ear. Repeat
on opposite side of the parting & down the backside.
Using curl clips roll small sections of the rest of the
hair towards face into curls and secure to finish.

Sleek and Wispy

Start by creating a horizontal parting 2” above
the nape of the neck & secure top section with
clips. Spray a light hold hairspray from the parting
down to the nape of the neck & comb downward
following the shape of the head. Create another
parting 1” up and repeat the previous step. Continue
until you have reached the hairline. Once you reach
the hairline section out the wispy pieces and
secure with setting clips.

Spray the last section with hairspray & comb back working the style to achieve the desired
shape. Remove the setting clips. Dampen each wispy section with hairspray using your fingers
& comb onto face creating the shape with an edge brush. Repeat on all wispy sections. Let
style air dry to finish.

How to Apply Make-up

Have you ever found yourself shopping for new beauty products and feeling totally confused
over why there were so many options? Do you really need to contour and apply bronzer?
What’s the difference between an eyebrow pencil and eyebrow gel? After a while, the items
in your shopping cart can start to seem redundant. The good news? You’re not alone.
Whether you’ve never created a contoured beauty look or you love trying all the latest
trends, we’ve got you covered.

Buckle up, because we’re about to school you with our crash course in makeup for
beginners. Find out how to master your makeup technique and read on for tips and tricks to
help you achieve a flawless finish, all with pointers from a red carpet pro.

Whether you’ve totally mastered your everyday makeup look or you’re just a beginner, we
can all use a refresher when it comes to what’s in our cosmetic case. Brush up on your
makeup basics with our comprehensive guide below.

Whether you’ve totally mastered your everyday makeup look or you’re just a beginner, we can
all use a refresher when it comes to what’s in our cosmetic case. Brush up on your makeup
basics with our comprehensive guide below.

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Complexion Product Basics

Primer: Primers come in gels, creams, and even sprays. They create an even canvas for your
makeup application by filling in fine lines and large pores. The result? Your makeup glides on
evenly, lasts longer, and doesn’t look cakey. Be sure to check out our guide to primer for more
pointers on picking a primer that’s right for your skin tone.

Foundation: Foundation evens out your complexion, smooths over imperfections, and comes
in three forms: liquid, cream, or powder. While there are a variety of types available, the most
important thing to consider is the coverage level you’re hoping to achieve. If you want to take
a more natural approach, opt for lighter coverage. It creates a thin veil and smooths over your
complexion. If you have freckles, for example, you’ll still be able to see them with a light
coverage foundation on your face. If you want a more airbrushed look, a heavier, full-coverage
foundation is your best bet. These types of foundations are thicker in consistency and can
cover up blemishes, hyperpigmentation, and even acne scars. Unsure which formula is right
for you? Check out our breakdown of powder and liquid foundation.

Concealer: Concealer is meant to add an extra layer of coverage over dark spots, pimples,
scars, or wherever you want more coverage. Depending on the look you want to achieve, you
can opt for a concealer with either a matte or dewy finish. Just like foundation, concealers offer
a varying level of coverage. While some are strictly meant to conceal, others can help brighten
and are often used in conjunction with highlighter. You can check out our guide on how to
apply concealer here.

Highlighter and Contour: Want to know the secret behind the perfectly chiseled face we so
often see on celebs and influencers? These two magical makeup products that can completely
transform your complexion. While contour creates shadows and adds dimension to your face,
highlighter enhances the high points of your face. “Contour colors always recede, meaning
they will add depth, where light and highlighter brings that light forward,” says Robert Sesnek,
celebrity makeup artist for CATRICE—Chances are you’ve seen his handy work on the faces
of Hailey Bieber and Kendall Jenner. Both highlighter and contour come in liquid, powder, and
cream formulas. We broke down how to apply highlighter and how to apply contour to help
you perfect your technique.

Blush and Bronzer: While some may think bronzer seems interchangeable with contour, they
actually serve two totally different purposes. While contour is used to create shadows, bronzer
creates a natural, sun-kissed glow that accentuates and lifts your cheekbones and other
features. Bronzers come in liquids, creams, and powders. Brush up on our tips for how to
apply bronzer here. Blush is used to add a flushed color to your cheeks and comes in liquid,
powder, and cream formulas. For a quick and easy application, a powder should be your go-
to. For more info, check out our guide on how to apply blush.

Setting or Finishing Powder: In order to get the most mileage from your makeup and have
your glam face last all day, you should set it. While setting powder sets your makeup and locks
it in place, finishing powder smooths fine lines and blurs pores, creating an airbrushed finish.
While some think you can opt out of using a setting powder if you want a more dewey glow, it
should always be a non-negotiable step in your makeup routine. “It’s a step I never skip, even
if the client wants a glowing look,” says Sesnek. Just powder select areas (like your T-zone
and under your eyes) and leave others dewy (like your cheeks). If you’re unsure which powder
is right for you, check out this refresher on setting vs. finishing powder.

Eye Product Basics:

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Eyeshadow Primer: Eyeshadow primer is just like a face primer, however it’s made up of a
formula that specifically targets the skin above the eye. Your standard primer won’t be able to
do the trick. While most primers for your complexion contain silicone or water, eyeshadow
primers offer up more of a grip and aren’t as smooth. This allows your eye makeup to stay in
place all day. If you’re unsure where to start, check out some of our favorite eyeshadow
primers right here.

Eyeshadow: Eyeshadow is powder applied to your eyelids to accentuate your eyes. The
colored powder comes in a variety of formulas and shades, ranging from matte to shimmering.
They also contain varying levels of pigmentation. Check out our comprehensive guide to
applying eyeshadow here.

Eyeliner: Eyeliner is used to define the eyes, enhance their shape, and create different looks.
When it comes to eyeliner, you can opt for a gel, liquid, or pencil. If you’re unsure which one
is right for you, turn to our guide on which eyeliner you should use. “Pencils are usually the
easiest to use and have the most wiggle room to blend since they are mostly creamy,” says
Sesnek.

Mascara: Mascara is used to define and enhance eyelashes. Depending on the formula, you
can make your lashes look fuller, thicker, longer, or darker. With so many options available it
can be tricky deciding which to use, so check out our guide on all of the different types of
mascara.

Eyebrow Basics:

Eyebrow Gel: Eyebrow gel keeps unruly brows in place.The formula is usually either clear or
tinted, and you can check out a few of our favorite brow gels here.

Eyebrow Pencil: An eyebrow pencil is used to draw in hairs and allows you to achieve the
most natural-looking approach. Not only does a fine tip create strokes that resemble real hair,
but “the wax texture mimics real brow hairs,” says Sesnek. Check out our favorites here.

Eyebrow Powder: Powder is perfect for filling in sparse spots and is a great go-to for
beginners--in fact, if you don’t have a powder on hand, you can use an eyeshadow to achieve
the same effect. Just be sure to select a shade most similar to your eyebrow color. “Brow
powder is what most people find the easiest to use,” says Sesnek.

Lip Basics:

Lip Primer: Much like a facial primer or an eyeshadow primer, a lip primer is used to keep
your lip products in place. Although it isn’t a crucial part of a makeup routine like a regular
primer, it can help your pout stay put.

Lip Pencil: Lip pencils enhance the shape of your lips and are used as an outline to set
parameters before you apply lipstick. This step also prevents your lipstick from bleeding. If you
want to create a fuller pout, you can use your lip liner to contour your mouth and gently over-
line.

Lipstick: Lipstick adds color and coating to the lips, further enhancing the mouth. It’s available
in a variety of forms, from liquid lipstick to matte lipstick, and it comes in every shade under
the sun. Two of the most popular color categories include red lipstick and nude lipstick.

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Lip Gloss: Lip gloss creates a glossy finish and comes in a variety of shades, from completely
translucent to highly pigmented. Check out our faves here.

8 steps to Applying Make-up

Step 1: Prep your skin.

Before you start layering on makeup and perfecting your technique, it’s crucial that you wash
and moisturize your face. “Always cleanse and prep your skin with the moisturizer that’s right
for your skin type,” says Sesnek. The reason? “Makeup will never lay properly without it.”

When your skin isn’t properly prepped you won’t be able to achieve an even flawless finish.
Instead, your foundation will look heavy and gravitate toward the dry parts of your
complexion while your concealer gets cakey. For more info, check out our complete guide to
building a skincare routine here.

Step 2: Apply primer.

Not all primers are created equal, so to achieve the best results, it’s best to select the right
primer for your skin type. We also rounded up the best primers according to Ipster reviews
here if you need help picking the perfect primer. Once you have your primer, you’re ready to
get to work. “Apply primer in fine, sheer layers,” says Sesnek. If you use a heavy hand the
primer will start to ball or pill. Instead, apply sheer layers, focusing on the forehead, cheeks,
and chin. “This will allow it to blur and mattify in these areas also known as the T-zone,
which are usually the areas that are the oiliest.”

Step 3: Apply foundation & concealer.

Now that your skin is prepped and primed, you can start applying your makeup. While
typically you should start with foundation first and then concealer, there are certain instances

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where you’ll want to reach for concealer first. If you’re unsure, our IPSY story on whether
to apply foundation or concealer first is a great refresher.

Dab a few dots of foundation on your T-zone, focusing on your forehead, nose, cheeks, and
chin. Next, use a foundation brush to blend it in. While you can also certainly use a makeup
sponge or even your fingers, using a foundation brush is quick and easy, making it a great
option for beginners (and anyone who’s looking to simplify their makeup routine). To achieve
a natural finish, start with a small amount of product and blend. For more on that technique,
check out our story on how to apply foundation with a brush here.

Now that your foundation is applied, you’re ready to apply concealer. Focus on any areas
you want to conceal: under the eyes, around the nostrils, and any blemishes or dark spots.
When it comes to covering up, it’s important to dab, never drag. Spot apply on blemishes
and lightly dab, using either your ring finger, a concealer brush, or sponge. To conceal under
the eyes, draw two inverted triangles under your eyes and blend the edges into your
foundation by lightly dabbing. Not only is the upside triangle technique pretty fool-proof but it
also brightens up the entire face, contributing to your gorgeous glow.

Step 4: Apply setting powder.

Swipe a brush or velvet puff into your setting powder and tap it to remove any excess. You
want to ensure it’s evenly covered before you apply it to your complexion. Next, press it into
your face to ensure you don’t move your makeup around in the application process. Focus
on areas that often seem to need a touch-up throughout the day, (typically the t-zone). If you
have a special occasion ahead of you or you just want to create a more airbrushed finish,
you can also “bake” your makeup. Check out our full tutorial if you want to perfect your
technique.

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Step 5: Highlight & contour.

Contour comes in powder, liquid, and cream formulas, with powder being the most fool-
proof, making it ideal for beginners. Using an angled brush, focus on the areas you want to
create dimension. “I always like to start under the jawline first,” says Sesnek. Next, place
contour under the cheekbones, around your hairline, and on the sides of your nose. “Contour
takes a little longer to perfect but it makes a world of difference, especially in photos,” says
Sesnek. Check out our tips on contouring based on your face shape to take your glam to the
next level.

If you’re still slightly intimidated by the idea of contouring, Sesnek recommends practicing
with a bronzer. “Use a beigey or non-orange matte bronzer to get your skills up,” he says.
Apply the bronzer under the jawline, on the sides of the cheeks, and the perimeter of the
forehead, just like you would with contour. The beauty of practicing with bronzer? “There is
more wiggle room as it tends to be more forgiving,” Sesnek says.

When it comes time to apply highlighter, focus on the “high” points of the face that the sun
would naturally hit. “Adding highlighter above cheekbones, by the eyebrow arch, down the
bridge of the nose and blending very well will give the most realistic dimension,” says
Sesnek. While highlighter comes in a variety of forms, a powder highlighter is easiest to use
if you’re a beginner. To apply, dip your brush in the powder and tap it to remove excess
powder. Next, lightly glide it over the high points mentioned above. If you’re not sure which
one is right for you, feel free to check out some of our favorite highlighters here.

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Step 6: Apply your bronzer & blush.

When selecting the right bronzer be sure not to go more than a shade or two darker than
your regular complexion. You can also check out some of our favorite bronzers here. Once
you have selected your shade you’re ready to begin bronzing. Using a brush, blend bronzer
around your hairline, on your cheekbones, and on your jawline. The easiest way to
remember this? Just think of the number 3. For a fool-proof application, draw a number 3 on
your face, starting at your hairline and then continuing down to your cheekbones before
rounding it out under your jawline. Blend in circular, sweeping motions for a flawless finish,
and dust some on the bridge of your nose to complete your sun-kissed glow
.

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When it comes to blush, it’s best to select a hue that brings out your skin’s natural
undertone, (you can check out our favorite blushes here for a little beauty inspo). Next, using
a brush, apply blush to the apples of your cheeks to create a subtle, natural-looking flush,
moving your brush in circular motions to blend as you go. If you’re unsure where the apples
of your cheeks lie, simply smile! The area that rounds out as you smile is where you should
apply your blush.

Step 7: Apply your eye makeup.

When it comes time to apply eye makeup, the choice is really up to you. Do you want to
create a natural makeup look for a day at the office? A smoky eye for a sexy date night? Do
you feel like trying your hand at the edgy negative space liner look for drinks with friends?
Depending on where you’re headed and what you plan on wearing you can tailor your eye
makeup to match your mood. Rely on your eyeshadow, eyeliner, and mascara to create the
perfect glam.

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Once you’ve applied your eyeshadow, you can move on to your eyeliner. “As a beginner I
would use a creamy, non-waterproof pencil closest to the lashes and start slowly until you
become more comfortable applying eyeliner or adding wings or feline flicks,” says Sesnek.
Keep q-tips close by for fuss-free cleanup.

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Brows deserve attention all on their own. You can either make your brows look
fuller or enhance your natural shape using a variety of products, like brow pencils, powders,
or gels. If you aren’t sure which product is right for you, stick to these guidelines. Use a
pencil for the most natural-looking approach that mimics your real hair. If you want to fill in
sparse spots, a brow powder will be your best friend. Finally, for unruly brows, take out the
brow gel to lock them in place. “I personally use all three formulas, sometimes all on the
same set of brows,” says Sesnek.

Step 8: Apply your lip products.

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If using a lip primer, prep lips before you begin. Next, use your lip liner to outline your mouth.
This is where you can also contour and create the illusion of a larger pout by simply lining
slightly over your lips. Next, fill in your lips with your liner. Use this as an outline and apply
your lipstick. For more tips, check out our comprehensive guide to applying lipstick like a pro.

With these expert tips, the right products, and a little practice you’re ready to take your
makeup routine to the next level--and we can’t wait to see your flawless faces!.

References
RealsProject. (2019, March 1). Different Types Of Hair Treatments To Try. Retrieved from
https://www.realsproject.org/different-types-of-hair-treatments-to-try/
The Art of Hairstyling. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.theartofhairstyling.com/
Villa, S. (n.d.). Must-Have Hairdressing Tools and Equipment List [Top 10 List]. Retrieved
from https://www.samvilla.com/blog/must-have-hairdressing-tools-equipment-list
Zalazar, C. A. (n.d.). Home Management: Art Appreciation.

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