1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

1. Sets, Relations and Functions

Competitive Corner
Classwork MCQs
1. The set builder form of A = {1, 1} is
(A) A = {x : x is a root of the equation x2 = 1} (B) A = {x : x is a root of the equation x2 + 1 = 0}
(C) A = {x : x is an integer} (D) A = {x : x is a real number}
Ans (A)
x2 = 1  x =  1
2. Among the following the empty set is
(A) {x / x is a real number and x2  1 = 0} (B) {x / x is a real number and x2 + 3 = 0}
(C) {x / x is a real number and x2  9 = 0} (D) {x / x is a real number and x2 = x + 2}
Ans (B)
3. The number of proper subsets of a set having n + 1 elements is
(A) 2n + 1 (B) 2n + 1  1 (C) 2n + 1  2 (D) 2n  2
Ans (B)
4. If a set has 4 elements then the total number of proper subsets of A is
(A) 16 (B) 14 (C) 15 (D) 17
Ans (C)
24  1 = 15
 1 
5. If the sets A and B are defined as A  (x, y) : y  , x  0  R  and B = {(x, y): y = x, x  R}, then
 x 
(A) A  B = A (B) A  B = B (C) A  B = A (D) A  B = 
Ans (D)
AB=
Y
1
y
x

X X
O
1
y y = x
x
Y

6. Which of the following is a singleton set?

(A) {x : |x| < 1, x  I} (B) {x : |x| = 5, x I}
2
(C) {x : x =1, x I} (D) {x : x2 + x + 1 = 0, x  R}
Ans (A)
(A) {x : |x| < 1, x  I} = {x : –1 < x < 1, x I} = {0}
(B) {x : |x| = 5, x  I} = {x : x =  5} = { 5}
(C) {x : x2 = 1, x I} = {x : x =  1} = { 1}
(D) {x : x2 + x + 1 = 0, x  R}
 1  12  4  1   1  3 i 
 x : x  ,x R   x : x  ,xR   
 
21    2 

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7. Which of the following sets are equal?

(i) A = {1, 2, 3}
(ii) B = {x  R : x2 – 2x + 1 = 0}
(iii) C = {1, 2, 3}
(iv) D = {x R : x3– 6x2 +11 x – 6 = 0}
(A) A = B = C (B) A = C = D (C) A = B = D (D) B = C = D
Ans (B)
8. Let A = {(x , y) : y = e2x, x  R} and B = {(x, y): y =e–2x x  R} then A B is
(A) not a set (B) singleton set
(C) Empty set (D) none of A, B, C
Ans (B)
Given A = {(x, y): y = ex2  x  R} and B = {(x, y): y = e–2x,  x R}
1
 e 2x  2x  e 4x  1  e 4x  e0
e
 x = 0 and y = 1
As e2x and e–2x both intersect each other at (0, 1), so A  B is a singleton set.
9. Consider A = {1, 2} and B = {2, 3} then which of the following options is correct?
(A) P (AB)  P (A)  P (B) (B) P (AB) = P (A)  P (B)
(C) P (AB) = P (A)  P (B) (D) P (AB)  P (A)  P (B)
Ans (A)
Here P (A) = {, {1}, {2}, {1,2}},
P (B) = { {2}, {3}, {2,3}}
A B = {1, 2, 3}
 P (A  B) = {, {1}, {2} ,{3},{1,2}, {2, 3} , {1,3}, {1,2,3}}
P (A)  P (B) = {, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}{2,3}}
 P (A  B)  P (A)  P (B)
10. If A and B are two sets, then A  (A  B) =
(A) A (B) B (C)  (D) A  B
Ans (A)
Since A  B is a set of those elements which belong to either A or B and A is a set of elements which
belongs to only A.
 A  (A  B) is set of common elements which belong to both sets A and A  B i.e., equal to A.
11. If A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17}, B = {2, 4, ...., 18} and N the set of natural numbers is the universal
set, then A [ (A  B)  B]
(A)  (B) N (C) A (D) B
Ans (B)
A  [(A  B)  B] = A  [(A  B)  (B  B)] (By distributive law)
= A  [(A  B)  ] [ B  B = ]
= A  (A  B)
= (A  A)  (A  B) (By distributive law)
= N  (A  B) = (A  B)
=  = N [ A  B = ]

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12. Let S = {x | x is a positive multiple of 3 less than 100} and P = {x | x is a prime number less than 20}.
Then n(S) + n(P) is equal to
(A) 34 (B) 31 (C) 33 (D) 41
Ans (D)
S = {x | x is a positive multiple of 3 less than 100}
= {3, 6, 9, 12, .... , 99}
 n(S) = 33 and P = {x | x is a prime number less than 20}
= {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19}  n(P) = 8
Now, n(S) + n(P) = 33 + 8 = 41
13. If X and Y are two sets and X denotes the complement of X, then X  (X  Y) is equal to
(A) X (B) Y (C)  (D) X  Y
Ans (C)
X  (X  Y) = X  (X  Y) = (X  X)  Y (Associative law)
=   Y = 
14. The set (A  B  C)  (A  B  C)  C is equal to
(A) B  C (B) A  C (C) B  C (D) A  C
Ans (A)
(A  B  C)  (A  B  C)  C
= (A  B  C)  (A ((B  C)))  C
= (A  A)  (B  C)  C
=   (B  C)  C
= (B  C)  (C  C) = (B  C)   = B  C
15. Let A = {x : x = 4n + 1, 2  n  5}, then number of subsets of A is
(A) 8 (B) 15 (C) 4 (D) 16
Ans (D)
Given that, A = {x : x = 4n + 1, 2  n  5} = {9, 13, 17, 21}
 Number of elements in A is 4
So, number of subsets = 24 = 16
16. Two finite sets have m and n elements respectively. The total number of subsets of first set is 56 more
than the total number of subsets of the second set. The values of m and n are
(A) 7, 6 (B) 5, 1 (C) 6, 3 (D) 8, 7
Ans (C)
n [P (A)] = 2m n [P (B)] = 2n
Given: 2m = 56 + 2m  2m  2n = 56
By inspection m = 6, n = 3
17. If two sets A and B are having 99 elements in common, then the number of elements common to each of
the sets A  B and B  A is
(A) 299 (B) 992 (C) 100 (D) 18
Ans (B)
We know that n[(A  B)  (B  A)] = n[(A  B)  (B  A)]
= n(A  B). n(B  A)
= (99) (99) = (99)2

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18. If A = {x | x2  5x + 6 = 0}, B = {2, 4}, C = {4, 5}, then A  (B  C) is

(A) {(2, 4), (3, 4)} (B) {(4, 2), (4, 3)}
(C) {(2, 4), (3, 4), (4, 4)} (D) {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5)}
Ans (A)
(B  C) = {4} ; A = {2, 3}; A  (B  C) = {(2, 4), (3, 4)}
19. If A = {0}, B = {1, 2}, and C = {3}, then A  B  C is
(A)  (B) {(0, 1, 2), (0, 2, 3)}
(C) {(0, 1, 3), (0, 2, 3)} (D) {(0, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3)}
Ans (C)
A  {0}, B  {1, 2} and C = {3} ;  A  B  C  {(0, 1, 3), (0, 2, 3)} .
20. R is a relation on N given by R = {(x, y) | 4x + 3y = 20}. Then which one of the following belongs to R?
(A) (4, 12) (B) (5, 0) (C) (3, 4) (D) (2, 4)
Ans (D)
(4, 12)  R as 4  N
(5, 0)  R as 0  N
(3, 4)  R as 4.3  3.4  24  20
(2, 4)  R as 4.2  3.4  20
21. If (1, 3), (2, 5) and (3, 3) are three elements of A  B and n(A  B) = 6, then the remaining elements of
A  B are
(A) (1, 5), (2, 3), (3, 5) (B) (5, 1), (3, 2), (5, 3)
(C) (1, 5), (2, 3), (5, 3) (D) (1, 5), (3, 2), (5, 3)
Ans (A)
22. The relation R defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3} by R = {(a, b): |a2 – b2| ≤ 5}. Of the following the false
statement is
(A) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (2, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2)}
(B) R1 = R
(C) Domain of R is {1, 2, 3}
(D) Range of R is {5}
Ans (D)
23. If set A has 5 elements, then the maximum number of relations on A (including empty relation) is
(A) 5 (B) 25 (C) 225 (D) 25
Ans (C)
2
If n(A) = m, then the maximum number of relations on A is 2m .
24. If A and B are two sets containing 3 and 4 elements respectively and having 2 elements in common, then
the number of non-empty relations which can be defined from A to B is
(A) 25 (B) 210 – 1 (C) 212 (D) 212 – 1
Ans (D)
If n(A) = p, and n(B) = q, then number of non empty relations from A to B is 2pq – 1
f (3.8)  f (4)
25. If f(x) = 2x2, then is
3.8  4
(A) 0.156 (B) 15.6 (C) 156 (D) 1.56

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Ans (B)
f (3.8)  f (4) 2  3.8   2  4 
2 2

  2  3.8  4   15.6
3.8  4 3.8  4
x f (a)
26. If f (x)  , then 
x 1 f (a  1)
 a  1
(A) f(a2) (B) f    (C) f   (D) f(a)
 a 1 a
Ans (A)
a a
2
x f (a) a  1  a  f (a 2 )
Here, f (x)  , therefore,  a 1 
x 1 f (a  1) a 1 a 1 a2 1
a 11 a
1 1
27. If f (x)  x 3  3
, then f (x)  f   is equal to
x x
1
(A) 2x3 (B) 2 3 (C) 0 (D) 1
x
Ans (C)
1
f (x)  x 3 
x3
1 1 1 1 1
f  3   3  x 3  f (x)  f    0
x x  1  x x
 3
x 
28. The number of functions from set A into set B when n(A) = 7 and n(B) = 5 is
(A) 75 (B) 57 (C) 7! (D) 7C5
Ans (B)
If n(A) = n and n(B) = m, then the number of mapping from A into B is mn.
Here n = 7, m = 5  The number of mapping is 57.
29. Of the following statements, which is not correct for the features of exponential function given by
f(x) = bx where b > 1 is
(A) the point (1, 0) is always on the graph of the function
(B) for very large negative values of x, the function is very close to 0
(C) the range of the function is the set of all positive real numbers
(D) the domain of the function is R, the set of real numbers
Ans (A)
| x  5|
30. The domain of the function f (x)  is
x2
(A) R  {2} (B) R (C) R  {0} (D) R  {2}
Ans (D)
f is a function defined for all x except x = 2  Domain = R  {2}
1
31. The domain of the function f defined by f (x)  is
x | x |
(A) R (B) R+ (C) R  (D) not defined

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Ans (D)
1  x  x  0 if x0
Given that f (x)  , where x  | x | 
x | x |  2x if x0
1
Thus is not defined for any x  R. Hence, f is not defined for any x  R
x | x |
32. The domain of the function y  x  2  1  x is
(A) x  2 (B) x  2
(C) null set (D) the set of all real numbers
Ans (B)
3  2x
33. The domain and range of real function f defined by f (x)  is given by
x4
(A) domain = R, Range = {–1, 1} (B) domain = R – {1}, Range = R
(C) domain = R – {4}, Range = R – {2} (D) domain = R – {– 4}, Range = {–1, 1}
Ans (C)
x4 =0x=4  Domain = R  {4}
3  2x
Let  y  3  2x  xy  4y  3  4y  x(y  2)
x4
3  4y
 x . Thus the range = R {2}
y2
x 7
34. The domain of the function f(x) = is
9x
(A) 7 ≤ x < 9 (B) 7 < x ≤ 9 (C) 7 ≤ x ≤ 9 (D) 7 < x < 9
Ans (A)
35. If [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0, where [] denotes the greatest integer function, then
(A) x  [3, 4] (B) x  (2, 3] (C) x  [2, 3] (D) x  [2, 4)
Ans (D)
We have been given, [x]2 – 5[x] + 6 = 0
 [x]2 – 3[x] – 2[x] + 6 = 0
 ([x] – 3) ([x] – 2) = 0
 [x] = 2, 3  x  [2, 4)
36. Let f (x)  1  x 2 , then [Hint: Find f (x)  f (y)  1  x 2 y 2  x 2  y 2 ]
(A) f(xy) = f(x)  f(y) (B) f(xy)  f(x)  f(y) (C) f(xy)  f(x)  f(y) (D) f(xy) < f(x) . f(y)
Ans (C)
We have, f (x)  1  x 2
Changing x to xy, we get f (xy)  1  x 2 y 2
Now, f (x)  f (y)  1  x 2  1  y 2
 (1  x 2 )(1  y 2 )
 1  x 2  y2  x 2 y2
 1  x 2 y2  1  x 2  y2  x 2 y2  f(xy)  f(x)  f(y)

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37. Domain of a 2  x 2 (a  0) is
(A) (– a, a) (B) [– a, a] (C) [0, a] (D) (– a, 0]
Ans (B)
Let f (x)  a 2  x 2 … (i)
For (i) to be defined,
a2 – x2  0
 x2 – a2  0  (x – a) (x + a)  0
–axa [ a > 0]
 Domain of f = [– a, a]
1
38. The domain of the function f defined by f (x)  4  x  is equal to
x2 1
(A) (–, –1)  (1, 4] (B) (–, –1]  [1, 4] (C) (–, –1)  (1, 4) (D) (–, –1)  [1, 4)
Ans (A)
1
We have, f (x)  4  x  …(i)
x2 1
For (i) to be defined,
4–x0 and x2 – 1 > 0
 x–40 and (x + 1) (x – 1) > 0
 x4 and x < – 1 or x > 1
 Domain of f = (– , – 1)  (1, 4]
39. The domain for which the functions defined by f(x) = 3x2 – 1 and g(x) = 3 + x are equal is
 4  4  4  4
(A)  1,  (B) 1,  (C)  1,   (D)  2,  
 3   3   3   3
Ans (A)
We have, f(x) = 3x2 – 1 and g(x) = 3 + x
Since f(x) = g(x)
 3x2 – 1 = 3 + x  3x2 – x – 4 = 0
 3x2 – 4x + 3x – 4 = 0  (3x  4)(x  1)  0
4
 x  1,
3
 4
Hence, required domain is equal to  1, 
 3
6
40. The domain and range of the relation R given by R = {(x, y) : y  x  ; where x, y  N and x < 6} is
x
(A) {1, 2, 3}, {7, 5} (B) {1, 2}, {7, 5} (C) {2, 3}, {5} (D) {7, 5}, {1, 2, 3}
Ans (A)
When x = 1, y = 7  N, so (1, 7)  R
When, x = 2, y = 2 + 3 = 5  N, so (2, 5) R
Again for x = 3, y = 3 + 2 = 5  N, (3, 5)  R
6 6
Similarly for x = 4, y  x   N and for x = 5, y  5   N
x 5
Thus R = {(1, 7), (2, 5), (3, 5)}
 Domain of R = {1, 2, 3} and range of R = {7, 5}

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Assignment MCQs
1. If (2a + 1, 3b  2) = (b  2, a  3), then (a, b) =
(A) (2, 1) (B) (2, 1) (C) (2, 1) (D) (2, 2)
Ans (C)
By substituting the ordered pairs, check whether it satisfies the given options.
The one which satisfies the given options must be the answer.
or 2a + 1 = b  2 and 3b  2 = a  3;
solving we get a = 2, b = 1.
2. If A = {x : x  N and (x2  4) (x2  3) = 0} and B = {x : x  N and x (x  1) (x  2) = 0} then B  A is
(A) {(1, 2), (2, 2)} (B) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2)}
(C) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 3 ), (2, 3 )} (D) {(0, 2), (0, 2), (0, 3 ), (0,  3 )}
Ans (A)
( x 2  4)( x 2  3)  0  x   2 or x   3 . As x  N, A = {2}
x(x  1) (x  2) = 0  x = 0, x = 1, x = 2.
As x  N, B = {1, 2}, B  A = {(1, 2), (2, 2)}.
3. If A = {1, 2, 4}, B = {2, 4, 5}, then (A  B)  B is
(A) {(2, 1), (2, 2), (4, 2)} (B) {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5)}
(C) {(2, 1), (4, 1), (5, 1)} (D) {(1, 2), (2, 2), (2, 4)}
Ans (B)
A  {1 ,2, 4}, B  {2, 4, 5}, then A  B  {1}
(A  B)  B  {1}  {2, 4, 5} = { (1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 5) }
4. If A = {2, 3}, B = {1, 3} and C = {0, 2}, then (A  C)  (B  A) is
(A) B (B) A (C) {(2, 3)} (D) {(3, 2)}
Ans (D)
A = {2, 3} and C = {0, 2}
A  C = {2, 3}  {0, 2} = {(2, 0), (2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 2)}
B  A = {1, 3}  {2, 3} = {(1, 2), (1, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)} Thus, (A  C)  (B  A) is {(3, 2)}
5. If A = {4, 5, 6}, B = {1, 2} and C = {1, 2, 3}, then (C  A)  (C  B) is
(A) {(1, 3), (1, 5)} (B) {(2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3)}
(C) {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 5)} (D) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
Ans (D)
A = {4, 5, 6}, B = {1, 2} and C = {1, 2, 3}
C  A = {1, 2, 3} and C  B  {1, 2}
(C  A )  (C  B)  {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
6. If U = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A = {2, 3, 4, 5} and B = {1, 2, 3}, then (A   B) x B is
(A) B (B) 
(C) A (D) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3)}
Ans (D)
A   U  A  {1, 6, 7, 8, 9} , B = {1, 2, 3}
A   B  {1}
(A   B)  B  {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3)}

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

7. If A, B, C are sets containing 4, 2 and 3 elements respectively, then the number of elements in
A  B  C is
(A) 9 (B) 24 (C) 12 (D) 8
Ans (B)
If A, B and C are sets containing 4, 2 and 3, then the number of elements in A  B  C is
4. 2. 3  24
8. If A contains 'm' elements and B contains 'n' elements, then total number of distinct relations from set A
to set B is
(A) mn (B) 2n (C) 2m (D) 2mn
Ans (D)
As ‘A’ contains ‘m’ elements and B contains n elements, number of elements in A  B is m . n. The
number of subsets of A  B is 2mn. Every subset of A  B is a relation from A to B. Thus, there will be
2mn different relations from A to B.
9. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} B = {2, 3, 4, 5} then n[(A  B)  (B  A)] is
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 16
Ans (C)
If A and B are two sets such that
n(A  B) = m then
n[(A  B)  (B  A)] = m2
Here n(A  B) = 3
 n[(A  B)  (B  A)] = 32 = 9
10. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4} then the number of elements of A  A is
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 12 (D) 16
Ans (D)
If n(A) = m and n(B) = n
n(A  B) = m.n
 The number of elements in A  A is 4  4 = 16
11. If A = {(x, y) : x2 + y2 = 25} and B = {(x, y) : x2 + 9y2 = 144} then A  B contains
(A) one point (B) two points (C) three points (D) four points
Ans (D)
x2 + y2 = 25 is a circle with centre as the origin x2 + 9y2 = 144 is an ellipse with centre as the origin.
The two intersect at four points.
12. If Na = {an | n  N} and Nb  Nc = Nd where a, b, c, d  N and b, c are relatively prime then
b
(A) d = b + c (B) d = bc (C) d = b  c (D) d 
c
Ans (B)
Nb  Nc = set of all natural numbers which are multiples of both b and c
= set of all natural numbers which are multiples of LCM of b and c
= set of all natural numbers which are multiples of bc
 d = bc
13. Let A be a set containing 10 distinct elements, then the total number of distinct functions from A to A is
(A) 10! (B) 1010 (C) 210 (D) 210 – 1

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

Ans (B)
The number of functions from set A into set B is nm where,
n(A) = m and n(B) = n
The number of functions from A to A is 1010.
14. Which of the following is (A – B)  (B – A)?
(A) (A  B) – (A – B) (B) (A  B)  (A  B)
(C) (A  B) – (A  B) (D) (A – B)  (B – A)
Ans (C)
(A – B)  (B – A) = (A  B) – (A  B)
A–B B–A

15. If A =  then the number of elements in the power set of A is

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) P(A) not defined (D) 2
Ans (B)
Power set of a given set is always non empty for P(A) for every set A
Thus if A = , then P(A) has one element i.e., 
16. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 3, 4, 5}, R = {(x, y)| x  A, y  B, and 5x + 3y is a prime number}, then R is
(A) {(2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 5)} (B) {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 3)}
(C) {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2)} (D) {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 3)}
Ans (B)
Considering the common ordered pairs specified in the alternatives,
(2, 3)  5.2  3.3  19 is a prime number
(3, 2)  5.3  3.2  21 is not a prime number.
Hence, all those sets which contain the ordered pairs, (3, 2) cannot be the set R.
Thus, the answer is (B).
(B) contains (1, 4) and (1, 2)
(1, 4)  5.1  3.4  17 is a prime number. (1, 2)  5.1  3.2  11 is a prime number.
17. If f(x) = ax + b, where a and b are integers, f(1) = 5 and f(3) = 3, then a and b are equal to
(A) a = 3, b = 1 (B) a = 2, b = 3 (C) a = 0, b = 2 (D) a = 2, b = 3
Ans (B)
Given f(x) = ax + b
f(1) = a + b  a + b = 5 ...(1)
f(3) = 3a + b  3a + b = 3 ...(2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get a = 2 and b = 3
18. If f is a real valued function defined by f ( x )  16  x 2 , then the domain of f is
(A) R  {4, 4} (B) {x : x  R, x  4}
(C) {x : x  R , x  4} (D)  4  x  4
Ans (D)
16  x2  0 only for 4  x  4

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

19. If A = {0, 2}, B = {2, 5}, C = {1, 5}, then (B  C)  (A  C) =

(A) {(2, 0), (2, 2)} (B) {(0, 5), (1, 1)} (C) {(2, 5), (2, 0)} (D) {(2, 2)}
Ans (A)
B – C = {2}, A  C = {0, 2}
(B – C)  (A – C) = {(2, 0), (2, 2)}
1 1
20. If f(x) is a polynomial function satisfying f (x).f    f (x)  f   and f(3) = 28, then f(2) is
x x
(A) 63 (B) 62 (C) 49 (D) 9
Ans (D)
A function satisfying the condition
1 1
f (x).f    f (x)  f   is of the form 1  xn
x x
n
f(x) = 1 + x f(3) = 28
n n
28 = 1 + 3  3 = 27 n=3
3
f(2) = 1 + 2 = 9
x7
21. The domain of the function f ( x )  is
x 9
(A) (, 7]  (9, ) (B) (, 7)  [9, ) (C) (, 7)  (9, ) (D) (, 7]  [9, )
Ans (A)
x7 ( x  7) ( x  9)
We have, f ( x )  
x 9 x 9
f(x) is well defined for (x – 7) (x – 9)  0 and x  9
(x – 7) (x – 9) > 0 for x  7 or x9
Domain = (– , 7]  (9, )
22. A set contains 4 elements. Its power set contains
(A) 4 elements (B) 24 elements (C) 12 elements (D) 8 elements
Ans (B)
By, formula, 2n = 24 elements.
23. Which of the following is an empty set?
(A) The set of prime numbers which are even
2(2 x  3) 2
(B) The solution set of the equation   3  0; x  R
x 1 x 1
(C) (A  B)  (B  A), where A and B are disjoint.
(D) The set of real which satisfy x2 + 2x + 1 = 0
Ans (C)
24. If A, B and C are three sets such that A  B = A  C and A  B = A  C, then
(A) A = C (B) B = C (C) A  B = ∞ (D) A = B
Ans (B)
Now, B = B  (A  B) ( B  A  B)
= B  (A  C)
= (B  A)  (B  C)
= (A  C)  (B  C) ( B  A = A  B = A  C)
= (A  B)  C = (A  C)  C = C

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

25. The domain of definition of the function y(x) given by the equation 2x + 2y = 2 is
(A) 0 < x  1 (B) 0  x  1 (C) ∞ < x  0 (D) ∞ < x < 1
Ans (D)
Here, 2y = 2  2x ; x , y  R. As y  R, therefore, 2y > 0
 2  2x > 0  2 > 2x  2x < 2  x < 1
26. If A is the set of even natural numbers less than 8 and B is the set of prime numbers less than 7, then the
number of relations from A to B is
(A) 29 (B) 92 (C) 32 (D) 29  1
Ans (A)
A = {2, 4, 6}, B = {2, 3, 5}
No of relations from A to B = 23  3 = 29
27. A and B are non-singleton sets and n(A  B) = 35. If B  A, then n (A)
Cn (B)
(A) 28 (B) 35 (C) 42 (D) 21
Ans (D)
n(A  B) = 35  n(A)  n(B) = 35
Since B  A, n(A) = 7 and n(B) = 5
 n(A) C n (B)  7 C5  21

28. The shaded region in the given figure is

(A) B  (A  C)
(B) B  (A  C)
(C) B  (A – C)
(D) B  (A  C)

Ans (D)
It is clear from the figure that set A  C is not shaded and set B is shaded other than AC.
i.e., B  (A  C)
29. Let A, B and C are subsets of universal set U. If A = {2, 4, 6, 8, 12,20}, B = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}
C = {5, 10, 15, 20} and U is the set of all whole numbers. Then the correct Venn diagram is

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

Ans (B)
We can say that
AB = {2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 20} {3, 6, 9, 12, 15} = {6, 12}
B  C = {3, 6, 9, 12, 15}  {5, 10, 15, 20}= {15}
C  A = {5, 10, 15, 20} {2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 20} = {20}
and ABC = 

30. If A, B and C are three sets such that A  B = A  C and A  B = A  C, then

(A) A = C (B) B = C (C) A  B =  (D) A = B
Ans (B)
Let x  C
Suppose x  A  x  AC
 x  AB  A  C  A  B 
Thus x  B
Again, suppose x  A  x  C  A
xBAxB
Thus in both cases, x  C  x  B Hence, C B
Similarly, we can show that BC
Combing (1) and (2), we get B = C
31. Let S = set of points inside the square
T = set of points inside the triangle
C = set of points inside the circle
If the triangle and circle intersect each other and are contained in a square, then
(A) S  T  C =  (B) S  T  C = C (C) S  T  C = S (D) S  T = S  C
Ans (C)
Clearly S  T  C = S for T  S and C  S
 1 1
32. Let f  x    x 2  2 , x  0, then f(x) =
 x x
2
(A) x (B) x2  1 (C) x2  2 (D) x2 + 1
Ans (C)
2
 1 1  1
Given f  x    x 2  2   x    2
 x x  x
1
 f(t) = t2  2 where t = x 
x
 1 1 
 f(x) = x2  2 where |x|  x  x   2 if x  0 and x   2 if x  0 
 x x 
33. Suppose f: [2, 2]  R be defined by
  1 for  2  x  0
f (x )  
x  1 for 0  x  2
then {x  [2, 2] : x  0 and f(|x|) = x} =
 1
(A) {1} (B) {0} (C)   (D) 
 2

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

Ans (C)
We note that f(|1|) = f(1) = 0  1
 1  1 1 1
f(|0|) = f(0) = 1  0 and f     f     1  
 2  2 2 2
 1
Hence,   is the correct solution
 2
34. If A is the set of even natural numbers less than 5 and B is the set of prime numbers less than 3, then the
number of relations from A to B is
(A) 22 (B) 92 (C) 24 (D) 29  1
Ans (A)
Here, A = {2, 4} and B = {2}  A  B contains 2  1 = 2 elements. Hence number of relations from A
to B is 22 as A  B has 22 subsets.
35. If A, B, C are sets containing 4, 2 and 0 elements respectively, then the number of elements in
A  B  C is
(A) 9 (B) 0 (C) 12 (D) 8
Ans (B)
If A, B and C are sets containing 4, 2 and 0, then the number of elements in A  B  C is
4. 2. 0  0
 25 
36. If A   x | x  N and x   and B  x | x  N and x 2  5 , then n(A  (A  B)) is equal to
 4
(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 16
Ans (C)
Given A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}  n(A) = 6
B = {x | x  N and  5  x  5 } = {1, 2}
 A  B = {1, 2}  n(A  B) = 2.
 n(A  (A  B)) = 6  2 = 12 elements
37. If A = {x : x  I, x4  x3  2x2 + 2x = 0} and B = {x : x  N, 2x2  1 < 7} then
(A) A = B (B) A  B
(C) A and B aren’t comparable (D) B  A
Ans (D)
For the set A, x4  x3  2x2 + 2x = 0
 x (x3  x2  2x + 2) = 0
 x{x2(x 1)  2(x  1)} = 0
i.e., x (x 1) (x2  2) = 0
 x = 0, 1,  2
 A = {0, 1}
For the set B, 2x2  1 < 7  2x2 < 8
 x2 < 4, x  N  x = 1
 B = {1}
We find B  A.
38. Sets A and B have 3 and 6 elements each. What can be the minimum number of elements in A  B?
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 9 (D) 18

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

Ans (B)
Since, n(A  B)  n(A) and n(A  B)  n(B)
So, n(A  B)  max (n(A), n(B))
 n(A  B  max {3, 6}  6
Thus the minimum number of elements in A  B is 6.
39. Let S = {x|x is a positive multiple of 3 lens than 100}
P = {x|x is a prime less than 20}, then number of relations from S to P
(A) 2264 (B) 2263 (C) 2250 (D) 2249
Ans (A)
n(S) = 33, n(P) = 8
Number of relations from S to P = 233  8
= 2264
40. Let Z denote the set of all integers where
A = {(a, b): a2 + 3b2 = 28, a, b  Z} and
B = {(a, b): a > b, a, b  Z}, then the number of elements in A B is
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 4 (D) 5
Ans (B)
A = {(a, b): a2 + 3b2 = 28, a , b  Z}
(a, b) can be (1, 3), (–1, 3), (1, –3), (–1, –3), (5, 1) (–5, 1), (5, –1),
(–5, –1), (4, 2), (–4, 2), (4, –2), (–4, –2) n (A) = 12, n (B) = 
A  B = {(a, b): a2 + 3b2 = 28 and a > b, a, b  Z} = 6
1
41. The domain of f(x) = (x  2)(5  x)  is
x 4
2

(A) [1, 2]  (2, 5] (B) (2, 5] (C) [3, 4] (D) (2, )

Ans (B)
The domain of (x  2)(5  x) is x  [2, 5]
x2  4 > 0  x  (,  2)  (2, ).
 Their intersection is (2, 5].
42. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}, then the number of subsets of A which contain atleast two elements is
(A) 63 (B) 57 (C) 58 (D) 64 [CET 2020]
Ans (B)
Subsets of A are 26 = 64
Subsets of A which contain atleast two elements = 64 – 7 = 57
43. If n(A) = 2 and total number of possible relations from set A to set B is 1024, then n(B) is [CET 2020]
(A) 20 (B) 10 (C) 5 (D) 512
Ans (C)
n(A) = 2
2mn = 1024
 22 n  210
225  210
n(B) = 5

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44. Let f : [2, )  R be the function defined by f(x) = x2 – 4x + 5, then the range of f is [CET 2020]
(A) [1, ) (B) (1, ) (C) [5, ) (D) (–, )
Ans (A)
Let f(x) = y
x2 – 4x + 5 = y
x2  2  x  2 + 4 + 1 = y
x2  2  x  2 + 4 = y 1
(x – 2)2 = y  1
x – 2 = y 1
x  y 1  2 y–10
y1
Range is [1, )
45. If [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x, then the range of the function f(x) = [x]  x is
(A) (1, 0) (B) [1, 0] (C) [1, 0) (D) (1, 0]
Ans (D)
We know that [x]  x < [x] + 1
 0  x  [x] < 1  0  (x  [x]) > 1  0  [x]  x > 1  Rf = (1, 0]
2x  2 x
46. Range of the function f (x)  is
2x  2 x
(A) (1, 1) (B) [1, 1] (C) (0, 1] (D) [0, 1)
Ans (A)
Clearly Df = R, For Rf, let y = f(x)
y 2x  2 x 22x  1 y  1 2  2 2x 1 y
  x x
    22x  ; but 22x  0, therefore
1 2 2 2 1
2x
y 1 2 1 y
1 y (1  y)(1  y)
  0, y  1   0, y  1
1 y 1 y
 1  y2 > 0  y2 < 1  |y| < 1  1 < y < 1

JEE Main
 x   x 
1. The period of the function f (x)  sin    cos   , n  Z, n > 2 is
 n  1   n 
(A) 2n(n  1) (B) 4(n  1) (C) 2n(n  1) (D) none of these
Ans (C)
x x
First, we find period of sin and cos separately.
n 1 n
x  x    
Now, sin  sin  2    sin  (x  2(n  1)) 
n 1  n  1   n  1 
x
 period of sin is 2(n  1)
n 1
x  x  x   
Similarly, period of cos is 2n  cos  cos  2    cos  (x  2n)  
n  n  n  n 
Hence period of f(x) is LCM of 2(n  1) and 2n i.e., 2(n  1)n.
(Note that n  1 and n are relatively prime and hence their LCM is n(n 1))

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2. A real valued functional equation f(x  y) = f(x) f(y)  f(a  x) f(a + y), where ‘a’ is given constant and
f(0) = 1, then f(2a  x) =
(A) f(a) + f(a  x) (B) f(x) (C) f(x) (D) f(x)
Ans (C)
f(x  y) = f(x) f(y)  f(a  x) f(a + y)
Now f(2a  x) = f(a  (x  a))
= f(a) f(x  a)  f(a  a) f(a + x  a)
= f(a) f(x  a)  f(0)f(x)
= f(a) f(x  a)  f(x) ( f(0) = 1)
= f(x)
( f(x  y) = f(x) f(y)  f(a  x) f(a + y)
 on taking x = y = 0, we get
f(0) = f(0) f(0)  f(a) f(a)
 1 = 1  (f(a))2  f(a) = 0)
x2  x  2
3. Range of the function f ( x )  where x is a real number is
x2  x 1
 7  7
(A) (3, 5) (B) [1, 3] (C) 1,  (D) 1, 
 5  3
Ans (D)
x2  x  2
Let y 
x2  x 1
 (y – 1)x2 + (y – 1)x + (y – 2) = 0
Clearly y  1 ; Now since x is real the discriminant must be  0
 (y – 1)2 – 4(y – 1) (y – 2)  0  – 3y2 + 10y – 7  0
 3y2 – 10y + 7  0  (3y – 7) (y – 1)  0
7 7  7
 1  y   1  y   1, 
3 3  3
 1 
4. If a f(x + 1) + b f   = x, x  1, a  b, then f(2) is equal to
 x 1 
2a  b a a  2b 2a  b
(A) 2 2
(B) 2 2
(C) 2 (D)
2( a  b ) a b a  b2 2( a 2  b 2 )
Ans (A)
 1 
Given a f(x + 1) + b f   = (x + 1)  1 …(1)
 x 1 
1  1  1
Replacing x + 1 by , we get a f   + b f(x + 1) = 1 …(2)
x 1  x 1  x 1
(1)  a  (2)  b
b
 (a2  b2) f(x + 1) = a(x + 1)  a  +b
x 1
b b 2a  b 2a  b
Putting x = 1, (a2  b2) f(2) = 2a  a  + b = a + =  f(2) =
2 2 2 2( a 2  b 2 )

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

5. Let f be a function on R given by f(x) = x2 and let E = {x  R: 1  x  0} and F = {x  R: 0  x  1},

then which of the following is false?
(A) f(E) = f(F) (B) E  F  f(E)  f(F)
(C) E  F  f(E)  f(F) (D) f(E  F) = {0}
Ans (C)
(i) We have 1  x  0  0  x2  1
 E = {x  R: 1  x  0}  f (E) = {y  R: 0  y  1}
Also F = {x  R: 0  x  1}  f(F) = {y  R: 0  y  1}
Hence f(E) = f(F)
(ii) E  F = {0}  f(E)  f(F)
(iii) Also E  F = {0}  f(E  F) = {0}
(iv) E  F = {x  R: –1  x  1} and f(E)  f(F) = {x  R: 0  x  1}
 E  F  f(E)  f(F) is false
1 1
6. If f (x)   for x > 2, then f(11) =
x  2 2x  4 x  2 2x  4
7 5 6 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 6 7 7
Ans (C)
Note that x  2 2 x  4  ( x  2)  2  2 2 x  2

  x  2  2  2
x2 2

Similarly, x  2 2x  4   x  2  2  2
x2  2
1 1
Hence, f ( x )  
x2  2 x2  2
1 1 1 1 6
f (11)     
11  2  2 11  2  2 3 2 3 2 7
7. Consider the following relations:
1. A  B = A  (A  B)
2. A = (A  B)  (A  B)
3. A  (B  C) = (A  B)  (A  C)
Which of these is/are correct?
(A) 1 and 3 (B) 2 only (C) 2 and 3 (D) 1 and 2
Ans (D)
A  (A  B) = A  (A  B)
= A  (A  B) = (A  A)  (A  B)
=   (A  B) = A  B
and also (A  B)  (A  B)
= (A  B)  (A  B)
= A  (B  B) = A  X = A
Thus, both (A) and (B) are true. (C) is not true as A  (B  C) = (A  B)  (A  C)

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

x 1
8. If f(x) = , then f(2x) in terms of f(x) is
x 1
f (x)  1 3f ( x )  1 f (x)  3 f (x )  3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
f (x)  3 f (x )  3 f (x)  1 3f ( x )  1
Ans (B)
x 1
Let y = f(x) =
x 1
 y(x + 1) = x  1
1 y
 x ...(1)
1 y
2(1  y)
1
2x  1 1 y
Now, f (2 x )   (using (1))
2x  1 1  y 
2   1
1 y 
2(1  y)  (1  y)

2(1  y)  (1  y)
3y  1 3f (x)  1
 
y  3 f (x)  3
9. Let S = {x : e4x + e3x  4e2x + ex + 1 = 0, x  R} then n(S) is [JEE Main 2020]
(A) 3 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 2
Ans (B)
Let ex = t  (0, )
Given equation
t4 + t3  4t2 + t + 1 = 0
1 1
t2  t  4   2  0
t t
 2 1   1
t  2 t  4  0
 t   t
1
Let t   
t
(2  2) +   4 = 0
2 +   6 = 0
2 +   6 = 0
 =  3, 2   = 2  ex + ex = 2
x = 0 is the only solution.
10. If f and g are real functions defined by f(x) = x2 + 7 and g(x) = 3x + 5, then f(–2) + g(–1)
(A) 13 (B) 1 (C) 12 (D) 0
Ans (A)
Given: f and g are real functions defined by f(x) = x2 + 7 ... (1)
and g(x) = 3x + 5 ... (2)
Put x = –2 in (1) and x = –1 in (2)
we get f(–2) = (–2)2 + 7 = 4 + 7 = 11 and g(–1) = 3(–1) + 5 = –3 + 5 = 2
 f(–2) + g(–1) = 11 + 2 = 13

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Numerical Problems
11. Let S = {1, 2, 3,...., 100}. The number of non empty subsets A of S such that the product of elements in
A is even is
Ans 250 (250  1)
Total number of subsets A such that the product of elements in A is even
= (Total number of subsets of S)  (number of subsets which does not contain a even element in it)
= 2100  250
= 250 (250  1)
12. Let Z be the set of integers. If A  x  Z : 2(x  2) ( x  2
 5x  6)

 1 and B  x  Z :  3  3x  1  9 then the

number of subsets of the set A  B is _____

Ans 212

Given A  x  Z : 2(x  2) ( x
2
 5x  6)

1

 A = {2, 3, 2}
B  x  Z :  3  3x  1  9

 B = {0, 1, 2, 3}
 n (A  B) = 12  n[P(A  B)] = 212
13. Out of 100 students, 15 passed in English, 12 passed in Mathematics, 8 in Science, 6 in English and
Mathematics, 7 in Mathematics and Science, 4 in English and Science, 4 in all the three. Find how many
passed in English and Mathematics but not in science.
Ans 2
Let E denotes the set of students who passed in English. M denotes the set of students who passed in
Mathematics and S denotes the set of students who passed in Science.
Given: n(U) = 100, n(E) = 15, n(M) = 12, n(S) = 8
n(E  M) = 6, n(M  S) = 7
n(E  S) = 4, n(E  M  S) = 4
Number of students who passed in English and Mathematics but not in Science are
n(E  M  S) = n(E  M)  n(E  M  S) [using A  B = A  (A  B)]
=6–4=2
1
14. If f(x) + 2f   = 3x, x  0 and S = {x  R | f(x) = f( x)} then n(S) is
x
Ans 2 (contains exactly two elements)
1
Given f(x) + 2f   = 3x …(1)
x
1 3
Consider f   + 2 f(x) = …(2)
x x
2
Solving (1) and (2) we get f(x) = x   f(x) = f( x)
x
2 2
 x    x   2x2 = 4  x =  2
x x

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15. Let X = {n  N : 1  n  50}. If A = {n  X: n is a multiple of 2}; B = {n  X: n is a multiple of 7},

Then the number of elements in the smallest subset of X containing both A and B is [JEE Main 2020]
Ans 29
n(A  B) = n(A) + n(B) n(A  B)
= 25 + 7  3 = 29

Self Assessment Test - 1

1. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, then the number of proper subsets of A is
(A) 31 (B) 32 (C) 30 (D) 120
Ans (A)
No. of subsets of a set of order n is 2n.
No. of proper subsets = 2n – 1 = 25 – 1 = 31
2. If A = {0, 2, 4} and B = {0, 4, 6}, then (A  B)  (A  B) =
(A) {(2, 2), (2, 4)} (B) {(2, 0), (2, 4)} (C) {(0, 2), (0, 4)} (D) null set
Ans (B)
A – B = {2}, A  B = {0, 4}  (A – B)  (A  B) = {(2, 0), (2, 4)}
3. If A = {a, b, c, d, e}, B = {b, c, e, f}, then (A  B)  (B  A) =
(A) {(a, f), (d, f)} (B) {(f, a), (f, d)} (C) {(a, f), (c, c)} (D) {(d, e), (b, c)}
Ans (A)
A – B = {a, d}, B – A = {f}  (A – B)  (B – A) = {(a, f), (d, f)}
4. If a set A has p elements and B has q elements, then the number of elements of A  B is
(A) p + q (B) pq (C) p + q + 1 (D) p2
Ans (B)
No. of elements of A  B is pq
5. In rule method the null set is represented by
(A) { } (B)  (C) {x : x = x} (D) {x : x  x}
Ans (D)
null set : {x : x  x}
6. Which of the following is (A – B)  (B – A)?
(A) (A  B) – (A – B) (B) (A  B)  (A  B)
(C) (A  B) – (A  B) (D) (A – B)  (B – A)
Ans (C)
(A – B)  (B – A) = (A  B) – (A  B)
A–B B–A

7. If A = {x : x is a multiple of 3}, B = {x : x is a multiple of 5} then A – B is

(A) A  B (B) A  B (C) A  B (D) (A  B)
Ans (B)
A – B = A  B

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

8. If A = {x : x2 = 1} and B = {x : x4 = 1}, then A  B is equal to

(A) {i, – i} (B) {–1, 1} (C) {–1, 1, i, i} (D) {}
Ans (A)
Given that, A = {x : x2 = 1} = {–1, 1} and B = {x : x4 = 1} = {–1, 1, i, i}
Now A  B =  and B  A = {–i, i}  A  B = (A – B)  (B – A) = {–i, i}
9. The number of non-empty subsets of the set {1, 2, 3, 4} is
(A) 15 (B) 14 (C) 16 (D) 17
Ans (A)
Number of non-empty subsets of {1, 2, 3, 4} 24 – 1 = 15
10. If A = {8, 9, 10} and B = {1,2,3,4,5} , then the number of elements in A A B are
(A) 15 (B) 30 (C) 45 (D) 75
Ans (C)
n (A  B  C ....) = n (A)  n (B)  n(C)  ...
 n (A  A B) = n (A)  n (A)  n (B)  n(A)  3, n(B)  5
= 3  3  5 = 45
11. The domain of the function f ( x )  3x 2  2 x  1 is
(A) R (B) x > 0 (C) x  0 (D) 
Ans (A)
f(x) is well defined for 3x2 + 2x + 1  0
ax2 + bx + c > 0 for a > 0 and b2  4ac < 0
b2  4ac = 4  12 =  8 < 0
Thus, 3x2 + 2x + 1 > 0,  x
Hence, the domain is the set of all real numbers.
12. Let A = {p, q, r, s}, B = {1, 2, 3} which of the following relations from A to B is not a function?
(A) R1 = {(p, 1), (q, 2), (r, 1), (s, 2)} (B) R2 = {(p, 1), (q, 1) (r, 1), (s, 1)}
(C) R3 = {(p, 1), (q, 2), (p, 2), (s, 3)} (D) R4 {(p, 2), (q, 3), (r, 2), (s, 2)}
Ans (C)
R3 is not a function, p is associated with two different elements 1 and 2.
13. Suppose that A1, A2, A3, … , A30 are thirty sets, each containing 6 elements and B1, B2, B3, … , Bn are n
30 30
sets, each containing 3 elements. If A
i 1
i  S   Bi and each element of S belongs to exactly 10 Ais
i 1

and to exactly 9Bi’s then n =

(A) 45 (B) 54 (C) 18 (D) 20
Ans (B)
30  6
Number of elements in S =  18. ( Each element is contained in exactly 10 Ai’ s)
10
n3
Also, number of elements in S  ( Each element is contained in exactly 9 Bi’s)
9
3n
So, we must have 18   n  54.
9
14. Let f be a function on R given by f(x) = x2 and let E = {x  R: 1  x  0} and F = {x  R: 0  x  1}
then which of the following is false
(A) f(E) = f(F) (B) E  F  f(E)  f(F)
(C) E  F  f(E)  f(F) (D) f(E  F) = {0}

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 1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

Ans (C)
We have 1  x  0  0  x2  1 and 0  x  1
 E = {x  R: 1  x  1}  f (E) = {x  R: 0  x  1}
Also F = {x  R: 0  x  1}
 f(F) = {x  R: 0  x  1} Hence, f(E) = f(F)
Again E  F = {0}  f(E)  f(F)
Since f(E) = f(F)  f(E)  f(F) = f(F)
Also E  F = {0}  f(E  F) = {0}
Next, E  F = {x  R: –1  x  1} and f(E)  f(F) = {x  R: 0  x  1}
 E  F  f(E)  f(F) is false
( x  1)(x  3)
15. f ( x )  is a real valued function in the domain
( x  2)
(A) (, 1]  [3, ] (B) (, 1]  (2, 3] (C) [1, 2)  [3, ] (D) (2, 3)
Ans (C)
{g ( x )} is real if g(x)  0
(x  1)(x  3) +
or 0 +
(x  2)
1 2 3
(x  1)(x  2)(x  3)
or 0 1   < 2 x3
(x  2)2
or [x – (1)](x  2) (x  3)  0, x  2
domain = [1, 2)  [3, )
16. The domain of the function f ( x )  2 | x |  1 | x | is
(A) [2, 6] (B) (2, 6] (C) [8, 12] (D) [–2, 2]
Ans (D)
We must have 2  |x|  0 and 1 + |x|  0
But 1 + |x| > 0 for all x. We have only 2  |x|  0
|x|  2  2  x  2  domain = [2, 2]
x
17. The domain of the function f (x)  is
1 | x |
(A) (, 1)  [0, 1) (B) (, 1)  (0, ) (C) (0, ) (D) (0, 11)
Ans (A)
x
f(x) is defined if 0
1 | x |
x
if x < 0,  0(| x |  x )
1 x
 x(1 + x)  0, x  1  x < 1 or x > 0
But x < 0  x < 1  x  (, 1)
x
If x  0, 0 (| x | x )
1 x
 x(1  x)  0, x  1  x(x  1)  0, x  1
 0  x < 1  x  [0, 1)  Domain = (, 1)  [0, 1)

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1PBCBDM-Sets, Relations & Functions(S)

x 2  2x  4
18. If f ( x )  , x  R , then range of function is
x 2  2x  4
 1 1 
(A) [3, 3] (B)   ,  (C) (3 + ) (D)  3
 3 3 
Ans (D)
x 2  2x  4
Let y  2
x  2x  4
 (1  y)x2  2(1 + y)x + 4(1  y) = 0
Since x  R  discriminant  0
1
 (1 + y)2  4(1  y)2  0  (y  3)(3y  1)  0   y  3
3
 1  1 
 Required range =  y  R :  y  3   , 3
 3  3 
x ( x  1)
19. The domain of the function f ( x )  is
x2
(A) (2, 0] (B) [1, ∞) (C) (2, 0)  (1, ∞) (D) (2, 0]  [1, ∞)
Ans (D)
x ( x  1)
For Df,  0, x + 2  0
x2
x ( x  1)( x  2) 2
  0, x  2  x(x  1) (x + 2)  0, x  2
x2
 (x  (2)) (x  0)(x  1)  0, x  2
 x  (2, 0]  [1, ∞)
1 1
20. If 3f ( x )  5f     3  x  0  R , then f(x) =
x x
1 3  1 3  1 3  1
(A)   5x  6  (B)   5x  6  (C)   5x  6  (D) [5x  6]
16  x  16  x  14  x  14
Ans (B)
1 1
We have, 3f ( x )  5f     3x  R ( x  0) …(1)
x x
1
 3f    5f ( x )  x  3 …(2)
x
 1
 Re placing x by 
 x
1 3 
Multiplying (1) by 3 and (2) by 5 and subtracting, we get  f ( x )    5x  6  x ( 0)  R
16  x 
21. If (x + 3, 4 – y) = (1, 7) then (x – 3, 4 + y) is equal to
(A) (– 2, – 3) (B) (–5, 1) (C) (3, 4) (D) (1, 2)
Ans (B)
(x + 3, 4 – y) = (1, 7)  x + 3 = 1  x = – 2
4–y=7y=–3
(x – 3, 4 + y) = (– 2 – 3, 4 – 3) = (– 5, 1)

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22. Let U = R . If A = {x  R : 0 < x < 2}, B = {x  R: 1 < x  3}, which of the following is incorrect?
(A) A = {x  R: x  0 or x  2} (B) B = {x  R: x  1 or x  3}
(C) AB = {x  R: 0  x 3} (D) A  B = {x  R: 1 < x< 2}
Ans (C)
A = R – A = {x  R: x  0 or x  2}

B = R – B = {x  R : x  1 or x > 3}
A  B = {x  R: x A or x  B}
= {x  R: 0 < x  3}
A  B = {x  R: x A or x  B}
= {x  R: 1 < x < 2}
23. The domain and range of real function ‘f’ defined by f (x)  x  1 is given by
(A) Domain = (1, ), Range = (0, ) (B) Domain = [1, ), Range = (0, )
(C) Domain = [1, ), Range = [0, ) (D) Domain = [1, ), Range = [1, )
Ans (C)
For domain x  1  0  x  1  x  [1, )
For range f (x)  [0, )
24. Which of the following is a null set?
(A) {0} (B) {x / x > 0 or x < 0}
(C) {x / x2 = 4 or x = 2} (D) {x / x2 + 1 = 0, x  R}
Ans (D)
x2 + 1 = 0 has no solution in R
1  x2
25. Range of the function f(x) = is
1 x2
(A) [1, 1] (B) [0, 1] (C) (1, 1] (D) (0, 1)
Ans (C)
1  x2
Clearly, Df = R. For Rf, let y =
1 x2
1 y 1 y
 y + yx2 = 1  x2  x2 = but x2  0, therefore  0, y  1
1 y 1 y
(1  y)(1  y) 2
  0, y  1  (1  y2)  0, y  1  |y|  1, y  1
1 y
26. If S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and R {(x, y) | x + y < 6} then n (R) =
(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 6 (D) 5
Ans (B)
We have (x, y)  R if x + y < 6
Given x = 1, we get possible values of y = 1, 2, 3, 4
Thus 1R1, 1R2, 1R3, 1R4
The set of ordered pair’s is
R = { (1, 1) (1, 2) (1, 3) (1, 4) (2, 1) (2, 2) (2, 3) (3, 1) (3, 2) (4, 1)}  n (R) = 10.

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1
27. If f(x) = 4x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 4, then x 3 f   is equal to
x
2
1   1 
(A) f(x) (B) (C)  f    (D) f(x)
f (x)   x 
Ans (D)
1   1  3 1
2
1 
Now, x 3 f    x 3 4   3   3   4 = 4 + 3x + 3x2 + 4x3 = f(x)
x   x  x x 
3  2x
28. The domain and range of real function f defined by f (x)  is given by
x4
(A) domain = R, Range = {1, 1} (B) domain = R – {1}, Range = R
(C) domain = R{4}, Range = R{2} (D) domain = R{ 4}, Range = {1 , 1}
Ans (C)
x  4 = 0 implies x = 4.  Domain = R – {4}
3  2x
Let = y. Then 3 + 2x = xy – 4y
x4
3 + 4y = x(y – 2)
3  4y
x . Thus Range = R – {2}
y2
x 2  3x  1
29. Domain of the function f (x)  is
x 2  6x  8
(A) R – {2, 4} (B) R – {2, 4} (C) R – (2, 4) (D) (∞, 2)  {4, ∞}
Ans (B)
x2
30. Range of the function f ( x )  is
x2 1
(A) (1, 0) (B) (1, 1) (C) (1,  ) (D) [0, 1)
Ans (D)
x2 1
Given f ( x )  1 2
x 1
2
x 1
Df = R
For Rf, let y = f(x)
x2
y  x2y + y = x2
1  x2
y y
 x2    0, y  1 ( x2  0)
1 y 1 y
 y(1  y)  0, y  1
 y(y  1)  0, y  1
 0  y  1, y  1
 y  [0, 1)  Rf = [0, 1)

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