Arbitrary Function Generator: User Manual

Arbitrary Function Generator
AFG-2225
User Manual
GW INSTEK PART NO.82AF-22250EA1
ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER

This manual contains proprietary information, which is protected by
copyright. All rights are reserved. No part of this manual may be
photocopied, reproduced or translated to another language without
prior written consent of Good Will Corporation.
The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing.

However, Good Will continues to improve its products and therefore
reserves the right to change the specifications, equipment, and
maintenance procedures at any time without notice.
Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd.

No. 7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng Dist., New Taipei City 236, Taiwan.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................. 6
GETTING STARTED ........................................ 11

Main Features ................................................................... 11
Panel Overview .................................................................. 13
Setting Up the function Generator ..................................... 19
QUICK REFERENCE ....................................... 21

How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 23
How to use the Help Menu ............................................... 25
Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 27
Modulation ........................................................................ 29
Sweep ................................................................................ 34
Burst ................................................................................. 35
ARB ................................................................................... 37
Utility Menu ...................................................................... 40
Frequency Counter ............................................................. 41
Coupling ............................................................................ 42
Menu Tree ......................................................................... 44
Default Settings ................................................................ 52
OPERATION ................................................... 54
Select a Waveform ............................................................. 55
MODULATION ............................................... 64
Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 66
Frequency Modulation (FM) .............................................. 75
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation .......................... 84
Phase Modulation (PM) .................................................... 91
SUM modulation ............................................................. 100
Frequency Sweep ............................................................. 108
3
AFG-2225 User Manual
Burst Mode ..................................................................... 118
SECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS

..................................................................... 131
Save and Recall ............................................................... 132
System and Settings ........................................................ 136
CHANNEL SETTINGS .................................. 143
ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS ............................ 147

Inserting Built-In Waveforms ........................................... 148
Display an Arbitrary Waveform ........................................ 150
Editing an Arbitrary Wavefrom ......................................... 159
Ouput an Arbitrary Waveform .......................................... 169
Saving/Loading an Arbitrary Waveform ............................ 171
REMOTE INTERFACE ................................... 180

Establishing a Remote Connection .................................. 181
Command List ................................................................. 189
System Commands .......................................................... 193
Status Register Commands .............................................. 196
System Remote Commands ............................................. 199
Apply Commands ............................................................ 200
Output Commands .......................................................... 206
Pulse Configuration Commands ...................................... 216
Amplitude Modulation (AM) Commands ......................... 218
AM Overview ................................................................... 218
Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands .......................... 223
FM Overview ................................................................... 223
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands ........................ 228
FSK Overview .................................................................. 228
Phase Modulation (PM)Commands ................................. 232
PM Overview ................................................................... 232
4
Table of Contents
SUM Modulation (SUM) Commands .............................. 236

SUM Overview ................................................................. 236
Frequency Sweep Commands .......................................... 240
Sweep Overview .............................................................. 240
Burst Mode Commands ................................................... 249
Burst Mode Overview ...................................................... 249
Arbitrary Waveform Commands ....................................... 260
Arbitrary Waveform Overview .......................................... 260
COUNTER ....................................................................... 266
PHASE ............................................................................. 267
COUPLE .......................................................................... 268
Save and Recall Commands ............................................. 271
Error Messages ............................................................... 273
SCPI Status Register ........................................................ 281
APPENDIX .................................................... 287

AFG-2225 Specifications .................................................. 287
EC Declaration of Conformity .......................................... 292
INDEX .......................................................... 305
5
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
This chapter contains important safety instructions
that should be followed when operating and
storing the function generator. Read the following
before any operation to ensure your safety and to
keep the function generator in the best condition.
Safety Symbols
These safety symbols may appear in this manual or on the
instrument.
Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that

WARNING could result in injury or loss of life.
Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that

CAUTION could result in damage to the function generator or
to other objects or property.
DANGER High Voltage
Attention: Refer to the Manual
Protective Conductor Terminal
Earth (Ground) Terminal
DANGER Hot Surface
6
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Double Insulated
Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted

municipal waste. Please use a separate collection
facility or contact the supplier from which this
instrument was purchased.
Safety Guidelines
General  Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.

Guideline  Do not place flammable objects on the
instrument.
CAUTION
 Avoid severe impact or rough handling that
may damage the function generator.
 Avoid discharges of static electricity on or near
the function generator.
 Use only mating connectors, not bare wires, for
the terminals.
 The instrument should only be disassembled by
a qualified technician.
(Measurement categories) EN 61010-1:2010 specifies the
measurement categories and their requirements as follows. The
AFG-2225 falls under category II.
 Measurement category IV is for measurement performed at the
source of a low-voltage installation.
 Measurement category III is for measurement performed in a
building installation.
 Measurement category II is for measurement performed on
circuits directly connected to a low voltage installation.
 Measurement category I is for measurements performed on
circuits not directly connected to Mains.
Power Supply  AC Input voltage: 100 ~ 240V AC, 50 ~ 60Hz.

 Connect the protective grounding conductor of
WARNING the AC power cord to an earth ground to
prevent electric shock.
7
Fuse  Fuse type: F1A/250V.

 Only qualified technicians should replace the
WARNING fuse.
 To ensure fire protection, replace the fuse only
with the specified type and rating.
 Disconnect the power cord and all test leads
before replacing the fuse.
 Make sure the cause of fuse blowout is fixed
before replacing the fuse.
Cleaning the  Disconnect the power cord before cleaning the
function function generator.
generator
 Use a soft cloth dampened in a solution of mild
detergent and water. Do not spray any liquid
into the function generator.
 Do not use chemicals containing harsh products
such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and acetone.
Operation  Location: Indoor, no direct sunlight, dust free,
Environment almost non-conductive pollution (Note below)
and avoid strong magnetic fields.
 Relative Humidity: < 80%
 Altitude: < 2000m
 Temperature: 0°C to 40°C
8
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2010specifies pollution degrees and

their requirements as follows. The function generator falls under
degree 2.
Pollution refers to “addition of foreign matter, solid, liquid, or
gaseous (ionized gases), that may produce a reduction of dielectric
strength or surface resistivity”.
 Pollution degree 1: No pollution or only dry, non-conductive
pollution occurs. The pollution has no influence.
 Pollution degree 2: Normally only non-conductive pollution
occurs. Occasionally, however, a temporary conductivity caused
by condensation must be expected.
 Pollution degree 3: Conductive pollution occurs, or dry, non-
conductive pollution occurs which becomes conductive due to
condensation which is expected. In such conditions, equipment
is normally protected against exposure to direct sunlight,
precipitation, and full wind pressure, but neither temperature
nor humidity is controlled.
Storage  Location: Indoor

environment  Relative Humidity: < 70%
 Temperature: -10°C to 70°C
Disposal Do not dispose this instrument as unsorted
municipal waste. Please use a separate collection
facility or contact the supplier from which this
instrument was purchased. Please make sure
discarded electrical waste is properly recycled to
reduce environmental impact.
9
Power cord for the United Kingdom

When using the function generator in the United Kingdom, make sure the
power cord meets the following safety instructions.
NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons
WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED

IMPORTANT: The wires in this lead are coloured in accordance with the
following code:
Green/ Yellow: Earth
Blue: Neutral
Brown: Live (Phase)
As the colours of the wires in main leads may not correspond with the
coloured marking identified in your plug/appliance, proceed as follows:
The wire which is coloured Green & Yellow must be connected to the Earth
terminal marked with either the letter E, the earth symbol or coloured
Green/Green & Yellow.
The wire which is coloured Blue must be connected to the terminal which is
marked with the letter N or coloured Blue or Black.
The wire which is coloured Brown must be connected to the terminal
marked with the letter L or P or coloured Brown or Red.
If in doubt, consult the instructions provided with the equipment or contact
the supplier.
This cable/appliance should be protected by a suitably rated and approved
HBC mains fuse: refer to the rating information on the equipment and/or
user instructions for details. As a guide, a cable of 0.75mm2 should be
protected by a 3A or 5A fuse. Larger conductors would normally require
13A types, depending on the connection method used.
Any exposed wiring from a cable, plug or connection that is engaged in a
live socket is extremely hazardous. If a cable or plug is deemed hazardous,
turn off the mains power and remove the cable, any fuses and fuse
assemblies. All hazardous wiring must be immediately destroyed and
replaced in accordance to the above standard.
10
GETTING STARTED
GETTING STARTED
The Getting started chapter introduces the
function generator’s main features, appearance, set
up procedure and power-up.
Main Features
Model name Frequency bandwidth
AFG-2225 25MHz
Performance  DDS Function Generator series
 1μHz high frequency resolution maintained at
full range
 20ppm frequency stability
 Arbitrary Waveform Capability
120 MSa/s sample rate
60 MSa/s repetition rate
4k-point waveform length
10 groups of 4k waveform memories
True waveform output to display
User-defined output section
DWR (Direct Waveform Reconstruction)
capability
Waveform editing via PC
Features  Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, standard
waveforms
 Internal and external LIN/LOG sweep with
marker output
11
 Int/Ext AM, FM, PM, FSK, SUM modulation

 Burst function with internal and external
triggers without marker output
 Store/recall 10 groups of setting memories
 Output overload protection
Interface  USB interface as standard
 3.5 inch Color TFT LCD (320 X 240) graphical
user interface
 AWES (Arbitrary Waveform Editing Software)
PC software
12
GETTING STARTED
Panel Overview
Front Panel
LCD Display Function keys, Scroll Wheel Arrow keys

Return key Output
Terminals
AFG-2225 

  

   
 
  


  / 


   Channel
select key
turn
    
Power
Number pad Operation keys Output key switch
LCD Display TFT color display, 320 x 240 resolution.

Function Keys Activates functions which appear

F1~F5 on the right-hand side of the LCD
display.
Return Key Goes back to the previous menu
turn
level.
Operation Keys The waveform key is used to select

a type of waveform.
The FREQ/Rate key is used to set
/
the frequency or sample rate.
AMPL sets the waveform

amplitude.
Sets the DC offset.

13
The UTIL key is used to access the


save and recall options, update and
view the firmware version, access
the calibration options, output
impedance settings and frequency
meter.
ARB is used to set the arbitrary

waveform parameters.
The MOD, Sweep and Burst keys

are used to set the modulation,
sweep and burst settings and

parameters.

Preset Key The preset key is used to recall a


preset state.
Output Key The Output key is used to turn on

or off the waveform output.
Channel Select  The channel select key is used to
Key switch between the two output
channels.
Output ports 

CH1: Channel 1 output port
CH2: Channel 2 output port
Ω

Ω
Power Button Turns the power on or off.
Arrow Keys Used to select digits when editing

parameters.
14
GETTING STARTED
Scroll Wheel The scroll wheel is used to edit

values and parameters.
Decrease Increase
Keypad    The digital keypad is used to enter
values and parameters. The keypad
  
is often used in conjunction with
   the arrow keys and variable knob.
 /
15
Rear Panel
Power socket input Fan Input Terminals


rr 

v
ost


z rr ountr
USB Host port USB Device port Trigger output
Trigger Input Trigger MOD

External trigger input. Used to
IN receive external trigger signals.
OUT
Trigger Counter
Trigger Output Trigger MOD

Marker output signal. Used for
IN Sweep and ARB mode only.
OUT
Trigger Counter
Fan Fan.
Power Input Power input: 100~240V AC

Socket 50~60Hz.
AC 100-240V
50-60Hz 25W MAX
16
GETTING STARTED
USB Host Host

USB type-A host port.
USB Device Device

USB type-B device port is used to
Port connect the function generator to a
PC for remote control.
Counter Input Trigger MOD

Frequency counter input.
IN
OUT
Trigger Counter
MOD Input Trigger MOD

Modulation input terminal.
IN
OUT
Trigger Counter
17
Display
Parameter The Parameter display and edit window.

Windows
Status Tabs Displays the current channel and setting status.
Waveform Display Used to display the waveform
Soft Menu Keys The function keys (F1~F5) beside the Soft Menu
keys correspond to the soft keys.
18
GETTING STARTED
Setting Up the function Generator

Background This section describes how to adjust the handle
and power up the function generator.
Adjusting the Pull out the handle AFG-2225
  


Handle sideways and rotate


   
 
  


it.
  / 


  
turn
    
Place the AFG-2225

horizontally,
Or tilt the stand.
Place the handle

vertically to hand
carry.
19
Power Up 1. Connect the power cord to

the socket on the rear panel.
2. Turn on the power switch

on the front panel.
3. When the power switch is turned on the screen

displays the loading screen.
The function generator is now ready to be used.
20
QUICK REFERENCE
QUICK REFERENCE
This chapter describes the operation shortcuts, built-in help and
factory default settings. This chapter is to be used as a quick
reference, for detailed explanations on parameters, settings and
limitations, please see the operation chapters.
How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 23

How to use the Help Menu ............................................... 25
Selecting a Waveform ........................................................ 27
Square Wave ......................................................................... 27
Ramp Wave .......................................................................... 27
Sine Wave ............................................................................. 28
Modulation ........................................................................ 29
AM ........................................................................................ 29
FM ........................................................................................ 30
FSK Modulation.................................................................... 31
PM Modulation .................................................................... 32
SUM Modulation.................................................................. 33
Sweep ................................................................................ 34
Burst ................................................................................. 35
ARB ................................................................................... 37
ARB–Add Built-In Waveform ................................................ 37
ARB- Add Point ..................................................................... 37
ARB- Add Line ...................................................................... 38
ARB– Output Section ........................................................... 38
Utility Menu ...................................................................... 40
Save ...................................................................................... 40
Recall .................................................................................... 40
Frequency Counter ............................................................. 41
Frequency Counter ............................................................... 41
Coupling ............................................................................ 42
Frequency Coupling ............................................................. 42
Amplitude Coupling ............................................................. 42
21
Tracking ................................................................................ 43
Menu Tree ......................................................................... 44
Waveform ............................................................................. 44
ARB-Display.......................................................................... 45
ARB-Edit ............................................................................... 46
ARB- Built In ......................................................................... 46
ARB-Save .............................................................................. 47
ARB-Load.............................................................................. 47
ARB-Output .......................................................................... 48
MOD .................................................................................... 48
SWEEP .................................................................................. 49
SWEEP- More ....................................................................... 49
Burst- N Cycle ...................................................................... 50
Burst – Gate ......................................................................... 50
UTIL ...................................................................................... 51
CH1/CH2 ............................................................................. 51
22
QUICK REFERENCE
How to use the Digital Inputs
Background The AFG-2225 has three main types of digital

inputs: the number pad, arrow keys and scroll
wheel. The following instructions will show you
how to use the digital inputs to edit parameters.
1. To select a menu
item, press the
corresponding
function keys below
(F1~F5). For example
the function key F1
corresponds to the
Soft key “Sine”.
2. To edit a digital value, use

the arrow keys to move the
cursor to the digit that needs
to be edited.
3. Use the scroll wheel to edit

the parameter. Clockwise
increases the value, counter
clockwise decreases the
value.
23
AFG-2225 Series User Manual
4. Alternatively, the number   
pad can be used to set the

  
value of a highlighted
parameter.   
 /
24
APPENDIX
How to use the Help Menu
Background Every key and function has a detailed description

in the help menu.
1. Press UTIL 
2. Press System (F3) ystm 
3. Press Help (F2) lp 
4. Use the scroll wheel to

navigate to a help item. Press
Select to choose the item.
Keypad Provides help on any front panel

key that is pressed.
Create Arbitrary Provides help on creating
Waveform arbitrary waveforms.
Modulation Explains how to create
Function Modulated waveforms.
Sweep Function Provides help on the Sweep
function.
25
Burst Function Provides help on the Burst

function.
DSO Link Provides help on DSO link.
5. For example, select item 4 to see help on the

sweep functions.
6. Use the scroll wheel to navigate the help

information.
7. Press Return to return to the Return

previous menu.
26
APPENDIX
Selecting a Waveform
Square Wave
Example: Square wave, 3Vpp, 75% duty cycle, 1kHz.
Output: 1. Press Waveform and  quar

select Square (F2).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press Duty (F1), 7 + 5 uty   %
+ %(F2).
Input: N/A 3. Press Freq/Rate, 1 + /  kz

kHz (F4).
4. Press AMPL followed   

by, 3 + VPP (F5).
5. Press the Output key. OUTPUT
Ramp Wave
Example: Ramp Wave, 5Vpp, 10kHz, 50% Symmetry.
Output: 1. Press the Waveform  amp

key, and select Ramp
CH1
(F4).
50 Ω
2. Press SYM(F1), 5 + 0    %
+%(F2).
Input: N/A 3. Press the Freq/Rate /   kz

key then 1 + 0 + kHz
(F4).
27
4. Press the AMPL key   

then 5 +VPP (F5).
Sine Wave
Example: Sine Wave, 10Vpp,100kHz
Output: 1. Press the Waveform  n

key and select Sine
CH1
(F1).
50 Ω
2. Press the Freq/Rate /    kz

Input: N/A key, followed by 1 + 0
+0 + kHz (F4).
3. Press the AMPL key,    

followed by 1 + 0
+VPP (F5).
4. Press the output key. OUTPUT
28
APPENDIX
Modulation
AM
Example: AM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz

Sine wave carrier. 80% modulation depth.
Output: 1. Press the MOD key  

and select AM (F1).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press Waveform and  n

select Sine (F1).
Input: N/A 3. Press the Freq/Rate /  kz

key, followed by 1 +
kHz (F4).
4. Press the MOD key,   hap

select AM (F1), Shape
quar
(F4), Square (F2).
5. Press the MOD key,   rq

select AM (F1), AM
Freq (F3).
6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz    z
(F2).
7. Press the MOD key,   pth

select AM (F1), Depth
(F2).
8. Press 8 + 0 + % (F1).   %
9. Press MOD, AM (F1),   our

Source (F1), INT (F1).

29
FM
Example: FM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave. 1kHz

Sine wave carrier. 100 Hz frequency deviation. Internal Source.
Output: 1. Press the MOD key  

and select FM (F2).
CH1

select Sine (F1).

kHz (F4).
4. Press the MOD key,   hap

select FM (F2), Shape
quar
(F4), Square (F2).
5. Press the MOD key,   rq

select FM (F2), FM
Freq (F3).
6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz    z
(F2).
7. Press the MOD key,   rqv

select FM (F2), Freq
Dev (F2).
8. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz    z
(F3).
30
APPENDIX
9. Press MOD, FM (F2),   our


FSK Modulation
Example: FSK modulation. 100Hz Hop frequency. 1kHz Carrier

wave. Sine wave. 10 Hz Rate. Internal Source.
Output: 1. Press the MOD key  K

and select FSK (F3).
CH1

select Sine (F1).

kHz (F4).
4. Press the MOD key,  K Kat

select FSK (F3), FSK
Rate (F3).
5. Press 1 + 0 + Hz (F2).   z
6. Press the MOD key,  K oprq

select FSK (F3), Hop
Freq (F2).
7. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz    z
(F3).
8. Press MOD, FSK (F3),  K our


31
PM Modulation
Example: PM modulation. 800Hz sinusoidal carrier wave. 15 kHz

modulating sine wave. 50˚ phase deviation. Internal Source.
Output: 1. Press Waveform and  n

select Sine (F1).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press the MOD key  

and select PM (F4).
Input: N/A 3. Press the Freq/Rate /    z

key, followed by 8 + 0
+ 0 + Hz (F3).
4. Press the MOD key,   hap

select PM (F4), Shape
n
(F4), Sine (F1).
5. Press MOD, then PM   rq

(F4), PM Freq (F3).
6. Press 1 + 5 + kHz   kz
(F3).
7. Press MOD, PM (F4),   v

PM Dev (F2).
8. Press 5 + 0 + Degree   r
(F1).
9. Press MOD, PM (F4),   our


32
APPENDIX
SUM Modulation
Example: SUM modulation. 100Hz modulating square wave, 1kHz

sinusoidal carrier wave, 50% SUM amplitude, internal source.
Output: 1. Press the MOD key,  

then SUM (F5).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press Waveform, and  n

select Sine (F1).
Input: N/A 3. Press Freq/Rate /  kz

followed by 1 + kHz
(F4).
4. Press the MOD key,   hap

SUM (F5), Shape (F4),
quar
Square (F2).
5. Press the MOD key   rq

and select SUM (F5),
SUM Freq (F3).
6. Press 1 + 0 + 0 + Hz    z
(F2).
7. Press the MOD key   mpl

and select SUM (F5),
SUM Ampl (F2).
8. Press 5 + 0 + % (F1).   %
33
9. Press MOD, SUM   our

(F5), Source (F1), INT

(F1).
Sweep
Example: Frequency Sweep. Start Frequency 10mHz, Stop frequency
1MHz. Log sweep, 1 second sweep, Marker Frequency 550 Hz,
Manual Trigger.
Output: 1. Press Sweep, Start  

(F3).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press 1 + 0 + mHz   mz
(F2).
3. Press Sweep, Stop  top

(F4).
Input: N/A 4. Press 1 + MHz (F5).  z
5. Press Sweep, Type  yp o

(F2), Log (F2).
6. Press Sweep, More  or m

(F5), SWP Time (F1).
7. Press 1 + SEC (F2).  
8. Press Sweep, More  or arkr

(F5), Marker (F4),
 rq
ON/OFF (F2), Freq
(F1).
34
APPENDIX
9. Press 5 + 5 + 0 + Hz    z
(F3).
11. Press Sweep, Source  our anual

(F1), Manual (F3),
rr
Trigger (F1).
Burst
Example: Burst Mode, N-Cycle (Internally triggered), 1kHz burst
frequency, Burst count = 5, 10 ms Burst period, 0˚ burst phase,
Internal trigger, 10 us delay, rising edge trigger out
Output: 1. Press FREQ/Rate 1 /  kz

kHz (F4).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press Burst, N Cycle  yl yls

(F1), Cycles (F1).
Input: N/A 3. Press 5 + Cyc (F2).  y
4. Press Burst, N Cycle  yl rod

(F1), Period (F4).
5. Press 1 +0 + msec   m
(F2).
6. Press Burst, N Cycle  yl has

(F1), Phase (F3).
7. Press 0 + Degree (F2).  r
8. Press Burst, N Cycle  yl st

(F1), TRIG set (F5),

INT (F1).
35

lay
Delay (F4).
10. Press 1 + 0 + uSEC   u
(F2).

out  s
TRIG out (F5),
ON/OFF (F3), Rise
(F1).
36
APPENDIX
ARB
ARB–Add Built-In Waveform
Example: ARB Mode, Exponential Rise. Start 0, Length 100, Scale

327.
Output: 1. Press ARB, Built in  ultn av

(F3), Wave (F4),
CH1
ath lt
Math(F2), use the
50 Ω scroll wheel to select
Exporise and then
press Select(F5).
2. Press Start (F1), 0 + tart  ntr Return

Enter (F2), Return.
3. Press Length (F2), nth    ntr

100, Enter (F2),
Return
Return.
4. Press Scale (F3), 327, al    ntr
Enter (F2), Return,

Return on
Done (F5).
ARB- Add Point
Example: ARB Mode, Add point, Address 40, data 300.
Output: 1. Press ARB, Edit (F2),  dt ont

Point (F1), Address
CH1
drss
(F1)
50 Ω
2. Press 4 + 0 + Enter   ntr Return

(F2), Return
37
3. Press Data (F2), ata    ntr
3+0+0, Enter (F2).
ARB- Add Line
Example: ARB Mode, Add line, Address:Data (10:30, 50:100)
Output: 1. Press ARB, Edit (F2),  dt n

Line (F2), Start ADD
CH1
tart
(F1).
50 Ω
2. Press 1 + 0 + Enter   ntr Return

(F2), Return.
3. Press Start Data (F2), tartata   ntr

3 + 0, Enter (F2),
Return
Return.
4. Press Stop ADD (F3), top   ntr
5 + 0, Enter (F2),
Return
Return.
5. Press Stop Data (F4), topata   
1 + 0 + 0, Enter (F2),
ntr Return on
Return, Done (F5).
ARB– Output Section
Example: ARB Mode, Output ARB Waveform, Start 0, Length 1000.
Output: 1. Press ARB, Output  utput

(F4).
CH1
50 Ω 2. Press Start (F1), 0 + tart  ntr
Enter (F2), Return.

Return
38
APPENDIX
3. Press Length (F2), 1 + nth   
0 + 0, Enter (F2),
ntr Return
Return.
39
Utility Menu
Save
Example: Save to Memory file #5.
1. Press UTIL, Memory  mory tor

(F1), Store (F1).
2. Choose a setting
using the scroll wheel on
and press Done (F5).
Recall
Example: Recall Memory file #5.
1. Press UTIL, Memory  mory all

(F1), Recall (F2).
2. Choose a setting
using the scroll wheel on
and press Done (F5).
40
APPENDIX
Frequency Counter
Frequency Counter
Example: Turn on the frequency counter. Gate time: 1 second.
Output: N/A 1. Press UTIL, Counter  ountr

(F5).
Input:
2. Press Gate Time (F1),
Trigger MOD
atm 
IN
and press 1 Sec (F3)
to choose a gate time
OUT
of 1 second.
Trigger Counter
3. Connect the signal of interest to the Frequency

counter input on the rear panel.
41
Coupling
Frequency Coupling
Example: Frequency Coupling
1. Press UTIL, Dual  ualhan

Chan (F4) to enter the
coupling function.
2. Press Freq Cpl (F1) to rqpl
select the frequency

coupling function.
3. Press Offset (F2). The ffst
offset is the frequency

difference between
CH1 and CH2. Use
the number keys or
scroll wheel to enter
the offset.
Amplitude Coupling
Example: Amplitude Coupling

coupling function.
2. Press Ampl Cpl (F2), mplpl n
ON (F1) to select the

amplitude coupling
function.
42
APPENDIX
3. Couples the amplitude and offset between both

channels. Any changes in amplitude in the
current channel are reflected in the other
channel.
Tracking
Example: Tracking

coupling function.
2. Press Tracking (F3), rakn n
ON (F2) to turn on
the tracking function.
3. When tracking is turned on, parameters such as

amplitude and frequency from the current
channel are mirrored on the other channel.
43
Menu Tree
Conventions Use the menu trees as a handy reference for the

function generator functions and properties. The AFG-
2225 menu system is arranged in a hierarchical tree.
Each hierarchical level can be navigated with the
operation or soft menu keys. Pressing the Return key
will return you to the previous menu level.
Waveform
Waveform
Sine Square Pulse Ramp Noise
Duty Width SYM

% nSEC %
TTL uSEC
mSEC
SEC
44
APPENDIX
ARB-Display

Display
Horizon Vertical Next Page Back Page Overview
Start Low
Clear Clear
Enter Enter
Length High
Clear Clear
Enter Enter
Center Center
Clear Clear
Enter Enter
Zoom in Zoom in
Zoom out Zoom out
45
ARB-Edit

Edit
Point Line Copy Clear Protect
Address Start ADD Start Start All

Clear Clear Clear Clear Done
Enter Enter Enter Enter
Start
Data Start Data Length Length Clear
Clear Clear Clear Clear Enter
Enter Enter Enter Enter
Length
Stop ADD Paste To Done Clear
Clear Clear All Enter
Enter Enter
Done Done
Stop Data Done Unprotect
Clear
Done
Enter
Done
ARB- Built In

Built in
Start Length Scale Wave Done

Clear Clear Clear
Enter Enter Enter
Common
Math
Window
Engineer
Select
46
APPENDIX
ARB-Save

More
Save
Start Length Memory USB Done

Clear Clear
Enter Enter
Select Select
New Folder
Enter Char
Back Space
Save
New File
Enter Char
Back Space
Save
ARB-Load

More
Load
Memory USB To Done
Select Select Clear

Enter
47
ARB-Output

Output
Start Length
Clear Clear
Enter Enter
MOD

AM FM FSK PM SUM
Source Source Source Source Source

Int Int Int Int Int
EXT EXT EXT EXT EXT
Depth Freq Dev Hop Freq Phase Dev SUM Ampl
% uHz uHz Degree %
mHz mHz
AM Freq PM Freq SUM Freq
Hz Hz
mHz kHz kHz mHz mHz
Hz MHz MHz Hz Hz
kHz kHz kHz
FM Freq FSK Rate
Shape Shape Shape
mHz mHz
Sine Hz Hz Sine Sine
Square kHz kHz Square Square
Triangle MHz Triangle Triangle
UpRamp Shape UpRamp UpRamp
DnRamp Sine DnRamp DnRamp
Square
Triangle
UpRamp
DnRamp
48
APPENDIX
SWEEP

Source Type Start Stop More
Int Linear uHz uHz Go to the

EXT Log mHz mHz Sweep -
Manual Hz Hz More menu
Trigger kHz kHz
MHz MHz
SWEEP- More
wp
More
SWP Time Span Center Marker
mSEC uHz uHz Freq

SEC mHz mHz uHz
Hz Hz mHz
Hz
kHz kHz kHz
MHz MHz MHz
ON/OFF
49
Burst- N Cycle
urst
N Cycle
Cycles Infinite Phase Period TRIG Setup
Clear Clear uSEC Int

Cyc Degree mSEC EXT
SEC Rise
Fall
Manual
Trigger
Delay
nSEC
uSEC
mSEC
SEC
TRIG out
Rise
Fall
ON/OFF
Burst – Gate
urst
Gate
Polarity Phase
Pos Clear
Neg Degree
50
APPENDIX
UTIL

Memory Cal. System Dual Chan Counter
Store Self Test Language Freq Cpl Gate Time

Done Software English Off 0.01 Sec
中文 Offset 0.1 Sec
Recall Version
Ratio 1 Sec
Upgrade Help
Done 10 Sec
Select Ampl Cpl
Delete
Beep Off
Done On
On
Delete All Off Tracking
Done Off
On
Inverted
S_Phase
CH1/CH2
CH1/CH2
Load Phase DSO Link

50 OHM Phase CH1
High Z S_Phase CH2
Degree CH3
CH4
Search
51
Default Settings
The Preset key is used to restore the default panel rst
settings.
Output Settings Function Sine Wave

Frequency 1kHz
Amplitude 3.000 Vpp
Offset 0.00V dc
Output units Vpp
Output terminal 50Ω
Modulation
(AM/FM/FSK/
PM/SUM) Carrier wave 1kHz sine wave
Modulation wave 100Hz sine wave
AM depth 100%
FM deviation 100Hz
FSK hop frequency 100Hz
FSK frequency 10Hz
PM phase deviation 180˚
SUM amplitude 50%
Modem status Off
Sweep Start/Stop frequency 100Hz/1kHz

Sweep time 1s
Sweep type Linear
Sweep status Off
52
APPENDIX
Burst Burst frequency 1kHz

Ncycle 1
Burst period 10ms
Burst starting phase 0˚
Burst status Off
System Settings Power off signal On

Display mode On
Error queue Cleared
Memory settings No change
Output Off
Trigger Trigger source Internal (immediate)
Calibration Calibration Menu Restricted
53
OPERATION
The Operation chapter shows how to output basic waveform
functions. For details on modulation, sweep, burst and arbitrary
waveforms, please see the Modulation and Arbitrary waveform
chapters on pages 64 and 147.
Select a Waveform ............................................................. 55

Sine Wave ............................................................................. 55
Square Wave ........................................................................ 56
Setting the Pulse Width ....................................................... 57
Setting a Ramp Waveform ................................................... 58
Selecting a Noise Waveform................................................ 59
Setting the Frequency .......................................................... 60
Setting the Amplitude .......................................................... 62
Setting the DC Offset ........................................................... 63
54
APPENDIX
Select a Waveform
The AFG-2225 can output 5 standard waveforms: sine, square, pulse,
ramp and noise.
Sine Wave
Panel Operation 1. Press the Waveformkey. 
2. Press F1 (Sine). n 
55
Square Wave
Panel Operation 1. Press the Waveform key. 
2. Press F2 (Square) to create a quar 

square waveform.
3. Press F1 (Duty). The Duty uty 

parameter will be highlighted
in the parameter window.
4. Use the arrow keys and scroll   
wheel or number pad to enter   
the Duty range.   
 /
5. Press F2 (%) to select % units. % 
Range Frequency Duty Range

≤100kHz 1.0%~99.0%
100kHz~≤1MHz 10.0%~90.0%
>1MHz~25MHz 50% (Fixed)
TTL function is to set the amplitude of the current square wave at
2.5Vpp,and DC Offset at 1.25Vdc.
56
APPENDIX
Setting the Pulse Width
2. Press F3 (Pulse) to create a uls 

pulse width waveform.
3. Press F1 (Width). The Width dth 

the pulse width.   
 /
57
5. Press F2~F5 choose the unit

range.
n

~ 

Range Pulse Width 20ns~1999.9s

Minimum Pulse Width Frequency ≤ 25MHz: 20ns
Note pulse width.
Frequency ≤ 100 kHZ:
1/4096 duty cycle.
Resolution Frequency ≤ 25MHz: 20ns
pulse width.
Frequency ≤100 kHZ:
1/4096 duty cycle.
Setting a Ramp Waveform
2. Press F4 (Ramp) to create a amp 

ramp waveform.
3. Press F1 (SYM). The SYM  

58
APPENDIX
the symmetry percentage.   
 /
5. Press F2 (%) to choose % % 

units.
Range Symmetry 0%~100%
Selecting a Noise Waveform
2. Press F5 (Noise). os 
59
Setting the Frequency
Panel Operation 1. Press the FREQ/Rate key. /
2. The FREQ parameter will become highlighted

the frequency.   
 /
4. Choose a frequency unit by

pressing F1~F5.
uz

~ z

Range Sine wave 1μHz~25MHz

Square wave 1μHz~25MHz
Pulse wave 500μHz~25MHz
60
APPENDIX
Ramp wave 1μHz~1MHz
61
Setting the Amplitude
Panel Operation 1. Press the AMPL key. 
2. The AMPL parameter will become highlighted

the amplitude.   
 /
4. Choose a unit type by

pressing F1~F5.
dm

~ 

50Ω load High Z

Range 1mVpp~10Vpp 2mVpp~20Vpp
Unit Vpp, Vrms, dBm
62
APPENDIX
Setting the DC Offset
Panel Operation 1. Press the DC Offset key. 
2. The DC Offset parameter will become

highlighted in the parameter window.
the DC Offset.   
 /
4. Press F1 (mVDC) or F2 (VDC) m 
to choose a voltage range.  
50Ω load High Z

Range ±5Vpk ±10Vpk
63
MODULATION
The AFG-2225 Series Arbitrary Function Generators are able to
produce AM, FM, FSK, PM and SUM modulated waveforms.
Depending on the type of waveform produced, different modulation
parameters can be set. Only one modulation mode can be active at
any one time. The function generator also will not allow sweep or
burst mode to be used with AM/FM. Activating a modulation mode
will turn the previous modulation mode off.
Amplitude Modulation (AM) ............................................. 66

Selecting AM Modulation .................................................... 67
AM Carrier Shape ................................................................. 67
Carrier Frequency ................................................................. 68
Modulating Wave Shape ...................................................... 69
AM Frequency ...................................................................... 70
Modulation Depth ............................................................... 72
Selecting the (AM) Modulation Source ............................... 73
Frequency Modulation (FM) .............................................. 75
Selecting Frequency Modulation (FM) ................................ 76
FMCarrier Shape .................................................................. 76
FM Carrier Frequency .......................................................... 77
FM Wave Shape ................................................................... 78
FM Frequency ...................................................................... 79
Frequency Deviation ............................................................ 81
Selecting (FM) Modulation Source ..................................... 82
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation .......................... 84
Selecting FSK Modulation ................................................... 85
FSK Carrier Shape ................................................................ 85
FSK Carrier Frequency ......................................................... 86
FSK Hop Frequency ............................................................. 87
FSK Rate ............................................................................... 88
FSK Source ........................................................................... 90
Phase Modulation (PM) .................................................... 91
Selecting Phase Modulation (PM) ...................................... 92
PM Carrier Waveform .......................................................... 93
PM Carrier Frequency .......................................................... 93
64
APPENDIX
PM Wave Shape ................................................................... 94

PM Frequency....................................................................... 95
Phase Deviation ................................................................... 97
Select the PM Source ........................................................... 98
SUM modulation ............................................................. 100
Selecting SUM modulation ................................................ 101
SUM Carrier Waveform ...................................................... 101
SUM Carrier Frequency ...................................................... 102
SUM Waveform .................................................................. 103
Modulating Waveform Frequency ..................................... 104
SUM Amplitude.................................................................. 105
Select the SUM Amplitude Source .................................... 106
Frequency Sweep ............................................................. 108
Selecting Sweep Mode ....................................................... 109
Setting Start and Stop Frequency ...................................... 109
Center Frequency and Span ............................................... 111
Sweep Mode ....................................................................... 113
Sweep Time ........................................................................ 114
Marker Frequency............................................................... 115
Sweep Trigger Source......................................................... 116
Burst Mode ..................................................................... 118
Selecting Burst Mode ......................................................... 119
Burst Modes ....................................................................... 119
Burst Frequency ................................................................. 120
Burst Cycle/Burst Count .................................................... 121
Infinite Burst Count ............................................................ 123
Burst Period ........................................................................ 123
Burst Phase ........................................................................ 125
Burst Trigger Source .......................................................... 126
Burst Delay ......................................................................... 128
Burst Trigger Output .......................................................... 129
65
Amplitude Modulation (AM)

An AM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a
modulating waveform. The amplitude of the modulated carrier
waveform depends on the amplitude of the modulating waveform.
The AFG-2225 function generator can set the carrier frequency,
amplitude and offset as well as internal or external modulation
sources.
66
APPENDIX
Selecting AM Modulation
Panel Operation 1. Press the MOD key. 
2. Press F1 (AM).  
AM Carrier Shape
Background Sine, square, ramp, pulse or arbitrary waveforms

can be used as the carrier shape. The default
waveform shape is set to sine. Noise is not
available as a carrier shape. Before the carrier
shape can be selected, choose AM modulation
mode, see above.
Select a Standard 1. Press the Waveform key. 
Carrier Shape
2. Press F1~F4 to choose the

carrier wave shape.
n

~ amp

67
Select an 3. See the Arbitrary waveform Page 37

Arbitrary quick reference or chapter to Page 147
Waveform Carrier use an arbitrary waveform.
Shape.
Range AM Carrier Shape sine, square, Ramp,Pulse,
arbitrary waveform
Carrier Frequency
The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape
selected. The default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz.
Panel Operation 1. With a carrier waveform /
selected, press the

FREQ/Rate key.

the carrier frequency.   
 /
68
APPENDIX
4. Press F1~F5 to select the

frequency range.
uz

~ z

Range Carrier Shape Carrier Frequency

Sine wave 1μHz~ 25MHz
Pulse wave 500uHz~25MHz
Default frequency 1 kHz
Modulating Wave Shape

The function generator can accept internal as well as external
sources. The AFG-2225 has sine, square, triangle, up ramp and down
ramp modulating waveform shapes. Sine waves are the default
wave shape.
2. Press F1 (AM).  
3. Press F4 (Shape). hap 
4. Press F1 ~ F5 to select the

waveform shape.
n

~ namp


previous menu.
Note Square wave 50% Duty cycle
UpRamp 100% Symmetry
Triangle 50% Symmetry
DnRamp 0% Symmetry
69
AM Frequency
The frequency of the modulation waveform (AM Frequency) can be
set from 2mHz to 20kHz.
2. Press F1 (AM).  
3. Press F3 (AM Freq) rq 
4. The AM Freq parameter will become

highlighted in the Waveform display area.
70
APPENDIX
the AM frequency.   
 /

frequency range.
mz

~ kz

Range Modulation frequency 2mHz~20kHz

Default frequency 100Hz
71
Modulation Depth
Modulation depth is the ratio (as a percentage) of the unmodulated
carrier amplitude and the minimum amplitude deviation of the
modulated waveform. In other words, modulation depth is the
maximum amplitude of the modulated waveform compared to the
carrier waveform as a percentage.
2. Press F1 (AM).  
3. Press F2 (Depth). pth 
4. The AM Depth parameter will become

highlighted in the waveform display area.
the AM depth.   
 /
6. Press F1 (%) to choose % % 

units.
72
APPENDIX
Range Depth 0%~120%

Default depth 100%
Note When the modulation depth is greater than 100%, the

output cannot exceed ±5VPeak (10kΩ load).
If an external modulation source is selected,

modulation depth is limited to ± 5V from the MOD
INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if the
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum
amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.
Selecting the (AM) Modulation Source

The function generator will accept an internal or external source for
AM modulation. The default source is internal.
2. Press F1 (AM).  
3. Press F1 (Source). our 
4. Press F1 (INT) or F2 (EXT) to

select the modulation source. 

~ 

5. Press Return to go back to the Return

previous menu.
Trigger MOD
External Source Use the MOD INPUT terminal IN
on the rear panel when using an

external source.
OUT
Trigger Counter
73
Note If an external modulation source is selected,

INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For example, if
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the maximum
amplitude is +5V, and the minimum amplitude is -5V.
74
APPENDIX
Frequency Modulation (FM)

A FM waveform is produced from a carrier waveform and a
modulating waveform. The instantaneous frequency of the carrier
waveform varies with the magnitude of the modulating waveform.
When using the AFG-2225 function generator, only one type of
modulated waveform can be created at any one time.
75
Selecting Frequency Modulation (FM)
When FM is selected, the modulated waveform depends on the

carrier frequency, the output amplitude and offset voltage.
2. Press F2 (FM).  
FMCarrier Shape
Background The default waveform shape is set to sine. Noise

and pulse waveforms cannot be used as a carrier
wave.

carrier shape.
n

~ amp

Range Carrier Shape Sine, Square, Ramp.
76
APPENDIX
FM Carrier Frequency
When using the AFG-2225 function generator, the carrier frequency
must be equal to or greater than the frequency deviation. If the
frequency deviation is set to value greater than the carrier frequency,
the deviation is set to the maximum allowed. The maximum
frequency of the carrier wave depends on the waveform shape
chosen.
Panel Operation 1. To select the carrier at

frequency, press the
FREQ/Rate key.

 /

frequency unit.
uz

~ z

77
Sine 1μHz~25MH
Square 1μHz~15MHz
Ramp 1μHz~1MHz
Default frequency 1kHz
FM Wave Shape
The function generator can accept internal as well as external
sources. The AFG-2225 has sine, square, triangle, positive and
negative ramps (UpRamp, DnRamp) as the internal modulating
waveform shapes. Sine is the default wave shape.
Background 1. Select MOD. 
2. Press F2 (FM).  

waveform shape.
n

~ namp


previous menu.
Range Square wave 50% Duty cycle
UpRamp 100% Symmetry
DnRamp 0% Symmetry
78
APPENDIX
FM Frequency
The frequency of the modulation waveform (FM Frequency) can be
2. Press F2 (FM).  
3. Press F3 (FM Freq). rq 
79
4. The FM Freq parameter will become

highlighted in waveform display panel.
the FM frequency.   
 /

frequency unit.
mz

~ kz


80
APPENDIX
Frequency Deviation
The frequency deviation is the peak frequency deviation from the
carrier wave and the modulated wave.
2. Press F2 (FM).  
3. Press F2 (Freq Dev). rqv 
4. The Freq Dev parameter will become

highlighted in the waveform display panel.
the frequency deviation.   
 /
6. Press F1~ F5 to choose the

frequency units.
uz

~ z

81
Range Frequency Deviation DC~25MHz

DC~15MHz(square)
DC~1MHz (Ramp)
Default depth 100Hz
Selecting (FM) Modulation Source

The function generator will accept an internal or external source for
FM modulation. The default source is internal.
2. Press F2 (FM).  
4. To select the source, press F1

(Internal) or F2 (External). 

~ 


previous menu.
Trigger MOD

external source.
OUT
Trigger Counter
82
APPENDIX
Note If an external modulating source is selected, the

frequency deviation is limited to the ± 5V MOD
INPUT terminal on the rear panel. The frequency
deviation is proportional to the signal level of the
modulation in voltage. For example, if the
modulation in voltage is +5V, then the frequency
deviation would be equal to the set frequency
deviation. Lower signal levels reduce the
frequency deviation while negative voltage levels
produce frequency deviations with frequencies
below the carrier waveform.
83
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation

Frequency Shift Keying Modulation is used to shift the frequency
output of the function generator between two preset frequencies
(carrier frequency, hop frequency). The frequency at which the
carrier and hop frequency shift is determined by the internal rate
generator or the voltage level from the Trigger INPUT terminal on
the rear panel.
Only one modulation mode can be used at once. When FSK

modulation is enabled, any other modulation modes will be
disabled. Sweep and Burst also cannot be used with FSK modulation.
Enabling FSK will disable Sweep or Burst mode.
84
APPENDIX
Selecting FSK Modulation

When using FSK mode, the output waveform uses the default
settings for carrier frequency, amplitude and offset voltage.
2. Press F3 (FSK). K 
FSK Carrier Shape
Background The default waveform shape is set to sine. Noise

waveforms cannot be used as carrier waves.

carrier wave shape.
n

~ amp

Range Carrier Shape Sine, Square, Pulse, Ramp
85
FSK Carrier Frequency

The maximum carrier frequency depends on the carrier shape. The
default carrier frequency for all carrier shapes is 1kHz. The voltage
level of the Trigger INPUT signal controls the output frequency
when EXT is selected. When the Trigger INPUT signal is logically
low the carrier frequency is output and when the signal is logically
high, the hop frequency is output.
Panel Operation 1. Press the FREQ/Rate key to /
select the carrier frequency.

 /
4. Press F1~F5 to select the FSK

frequency units.
uz

~ z


Sine wave 1μHz~25MHz
Default frequency 1kHz
86
APPENDIX
FSK Hop Frequency

The default Hop frequency for all waveform shapes is 100 Hz. A
square wave with a duty cycle of 50% is used for the internal
modulation waveform. The voltage level of the Trigger INPUT
signal controls the output frequency when EXT is selected. When the
Trigger INPUT signal is logically low the carrier frequency is output
and when the signal is logically high, the hop frequency is output.
3. Press F2 (Hop Freq). oprq 
4. The Hop Freq parameter will become

highlighted in the Waveform Display area.
the hop frequency.   
 /
87

frequency range.
uz

~ z

Range Waveform Carrier Frequency

Sine wave 1μHz~25MHz
FSK Rate
FSK Rate function is used to determine rate at which the output
frequency changes between the carrier and hop frequencies. The
FSK Rate function only applies to internal FSK sources.
Panel Operation 1. Select the MOD key. 
3. Press F3 (FSK Rate). Kat 
4. The FSK Rate parameter will become

88
APPENDIX
5. The arrow keys and scroll   
the FSK rate.   
 /

frequency unit.
mz

~ kz

Range FSK Rate 2mHz~100kHz

Default 10Hz
Note If an external source is selected, FSK Rate settings are
ignored.
89
FSK Source
The AFG-2225 accepts internal and external FSK sources, with

internal as the default source. When the FSK source is set to internal,
the FSK rate is configured using the FSK Rate function. When an
external source is selected the FSK rate is equal to the frequency of
the Trigger INPUT signal on the rear panel.
4. Press F1 (Internal) or F2
(External) to select the FSK


~ 

source.

previous menu.
Note Note that the Trigger INPUT terminal cannot
configure edge polarity.
90
APPENDIX
Phase Modulation (PM)

The phase deviation of the carrier waveform deviates from a
reference phase value in proportion to changes in the modulating
waveform.
Only one mode of modulation can be enabled at any one time. If PM
is enabled, any other modulation mode will be disabled. Likewise,
burst and sweep modes cannot be used with PM and will be
disabled when PM is enabled.
91
Selecting Phase Modulation (PM)

When selecting PM, the current setting of the carrier frequency, the
amplitude modulation frequency, output, and offset voltage must be
considered.
2. Press F4 (PM).  
92
APPENDIX
PM Carrier Waveform
Background PM uses a sine wave as default. Noise and Pulse

waveform cannot be used with phase modulation.

waveform.
n

~ amp

Range Carrier Waveform Sine wave, Square wave,

ramp wave.
PM Carrier Frequency
Selects the maxium carrier frequency for the carrier wavefrom. The
default carrier frequency is 1kHz.

 /
93

frequency unit.
uz

~ z

Range Carrier Wave Carrier Frequency

Sine wave 1μHz~25MH
PM Wave Shape
The function generator can accept internal or external sources. The
internal sources can include sine, square, triangle, up ramp and
down ramp. The default wave shape is sine.
Panel Operation 1. Select the MOD key. 
2. Press F4 (PM).  
4. Press F1~F5 to select a

waveform shape.
n

~ namp


previous menu.
Range Waveform
Square wave 50% Duty Cycle
Up Ramp 100% Symmetry
Dn Ramp 0% Symmetry
94
APPENDIX
PM Frequency
The frequency of the modulation waveform (PM Frequency) can be
2. Press F4 (PM).  
3. Press F3 (PM Freq). rq 
4. The PM Freq parameter will become

highlighted in the Waveform Display area.
95
the PM frequency.   
 /

frequency unit range.
mz

~ kz


96
APPENDIX
Phase Deviation
The maximum phase deviation depends on the the carrier wave
frequency and the modulated waveform.
Panel operation 1. Press the MOD key. 
2. Press F4 (PM).  
3. Press F2 (Phase Dev). hasv 
4. The Phase Dev parameter will become

the phase deviation.   
 /
6. Press F1 to select the phase r 

units.
97
Range Phase deviation/shift 0~360°

Defualt phase 180°
Select the PM Source

The function generator excepts internal or external sources for phase
modulation. The default source is internal.
2. Press F4 (PM).  

select the source. 

~ 

5. Press return to return to the Return

previous menu.
Trigger MOD

external source.
OUT
Trigger Counter
Note If the modulation source is set to external, the

phase deviation is controlled by the ±5V MOD
the modulation voltage is +5V, then the phase
deviation is equal to the phase deviation setting. If
the modulation voltage is less than +5V, then the
phase deviation will be less than the phase
deviation setting.
98
APPENDIX
99
SUM modulation
Sum modulation adds a modulating signal to a carrier wave.
Typically, sum modulation is used to add noise to a carrier wave.
The modulating signal is added as a percentage of the carrier
amplitude.
If SUM is enabled, any other modulation mode will be disabled.
Likewise, burst and sweep modes cannot be used with SUM and
will be disabled when SUM is enabled.
100
APPENDIX
Selecting SUM modulation
For SUM modulation, the modulated waveform amplitude and

offset is determined by the carrier wave.
2. Press F5 (SUM).  
SUM Carrier Waveform
Background
The SUM carrier waveform is a sinewave by
default.

carrier waveform.
n

~ os

Range Carrier Waveform Sine, square, pulse, ramp

and noise wave.
101
SUM Carrier Frequency

The maximum carrier frequency depends on the selected carrier
waveform. The default carrier frequency is 1kHz.

 /

frequency units.
uz

~ z

Range Carrier Waveform Carrier Frequency

Sine wave 1μHz~25MH
102
APPENDIX
SUM Waveform
The function generator can accept internal and external sources. The
AFG-2225 includes sine, square, triangle, UpRamp and DnRamp as
internal sources. The default waveform is sine.
2. Press F5 (SUM).  

source waveform.
n

~ namp


previous menu.
Range Square wave 50% Duty cycle
Up ramp 100% Symmetry
Down ramp 0% Symmetry
103
Modulating Waveform Frequency

The frequency of the modulating waveform (SUM Frequency) can be
2. Press F5 (SUM).  
3. Press F3 (SUM Freq). rq 
4. The SUM Freq parameter will become

the SUM frequency.   
 /

frequency units.
mz

~ kz

Range Modulating range 2mHz~20kHz

104
APPENDIX
SUM Amplitude
The SUM amplitude is the offset (in percent relative to the carrier) of
the signal that is added to the carrier.
2. Press F5 (SUM).  
3. Press F2 (SUM Ampl). mpl 
4. In the waveform display area, the SUM Ampl

will be highlighted.
the SUM amplitude.   
 /
6. Press F1 to select the % 

percentage unit.
Range Sum amplitude 0~100%
Default amplitude 50%
105
Select the SUM Amplitude Source

The signal generator can accept internal or external sources for the
SUM amplitude modulation.
2. Press F5 (SUM).  

select the source. 

~ 


previous menu.
Trigger MOD

external source.
OUT
Trigger Counter
Note If an external modulation source is selected, the

SUM amplitude is controlled by the ± 5V from the
MOD INPUT terminal on the rear panel. For
example, if the SUM amplitude is set to 0%, then
the maximum amplitude (100% of the carrier ) will
be at +5V, and the minimum amplitude (0% of the
carrier) will be at -5V.
106
APPENDIX
107
Frequency Sweep
The function generator can perform a sweep for sine, square or ramp
waveforms, but not noise, and pulse. When Sweep mode is enabled,
Burst or any other modulation modes will be disabled. When sweep
is enabled, burst mode is automatically disabled.
In Sweep mode the function generator will sweep from a start

frequency to a stop frequency over a number of designated steps.
The step spacing of the sweep can linear or logarithmic. The
function generator can also sweep up or sweep down in frequency.
If manual or external sources are used, the function generator can be
used to output a single sweep.
108
APPENDIX
Selecting Sweep Mode
The Sweep button is used to output a sweep. If no

settings have been configured, the default settings 
for output amplitude, offset and frequency are

used.
Setting Start and Stop Frequency

The start and stop frequencies define the upper and lower sweep
limits. The function generator will sweep from the start through to
the stop frequency and cycle back to the start frequency. The sweep
is phase continuous over the full range sweep range (1μHz-25MHz).
Panel Operation 1. Press the SWEEP key. 
2. Press F3 (Start) or F4 (Stop) to

selelect the start or stop
tart

~ top

frequency.
3. The Start or Stop parameter will become

Start
109
Stop
the Stop/Start frequency.   
 /

Start/Stop frequency units.
uz

~ z

Range Sweep Range 1μHz~25MHz (Sine wave)

1μHz~1MHz (Ramp wave)
1μHz~15MHz (Square wave)
Start - Default 100Hz
Stop - Default 1kHz
To sweep from low to high frequencies, set the
Note start frequency less than the stop frequency.
When marker is on, the SYNC signal is at a TTL
low level that rises to a TTL high level at the
marker.
To sweep from high to low frequencies, set the
start frequency greater than the stop frequency.
When marker is on, the SYNC signal is at a TTL
high level that drops to a TTL low level at the
marker.
When marker is off, the SYNC signal is turn off.
The frequency of the SYNC signal is equal to the
sweep time.
The SYNC signal is output from the trigger output
terminal.
110
APPENDIX
Center Frequency and Span

A center frequency and span can be set to determine the upper and
lower sweep limits (start/stop).
2. Press F5 (More). or 
3. Press F2 (Span) or F3 (Center)

to select the span or center.
pan

~ ntr

4. The Span or Center parameters will become

hightlighted in the waveform display area.
Span
Center
the Span/Center frequency.   
 /

Start/Stop frequency units.
uz

~ z

111
Range Center frequency 1μHz~25MHz (sine wave)

1μHz~15MHz (square wave)
Span frequency DC~+/-25MHz
(sine wave)
DC ~+/-1MHz (Ramp wave)
+/-1μHz~+/-15MHz (square
wave)
Default center 550Hz
Default span 900Hz
Note To sweep from low to high frequencies, set a
positive span.
To sweep from high to low frequencies, set a
negative span.
112
APPENDIX
Sweep Mode
Sweep mode is used to select between linear or logarithmic
sweeping. Linear sweeping is the default setting.
2. Press F2 (Type). yp 
3. To select linear or logarithmic

sweep, press F1 (Linear) or F2
nar

~ o

(Log).

previous menu.
113
Sweep Time
The sweep time is used to determine how long it takes to perform a
sweep from the start to stop frequencies. The function generator
automatically determines the number of discrete frequencies used in
the scan depending on the length of the scan.
3. Press F1 (SWP Time). m 
4. The Time parameter will become highlighted in

the waveform display area.
5. Use the selector keys and   
scroll wheel or number pad   
to enter the Sweep time.   
 /
114
APPENDIX
6. Press F1~F2 to select the time

unit.
m

~ 

Range Sweep time 1ms ~ 500s

Default time 1s
Marker Frequency
The marker frequency is the frequency at which the marker signal goes low
/high(The marker signal is high/low at the start of each sweep). The marker
signal is output from the Trigger OUT terminal on the rear panel. The
default is 550 Hz.
3. Press F4 (Marker) arkr 
4. Press F2 (ON/OFF) to toggle  

the marker on or off.
5. Press F1 (Freq) to select the rq 

marker frequency.
6. The Marker parameter will become highlighted

in the waveform display area.
115
 /

frequency unit.
uz

~ z

Range Frequency 1μHz~25MHz(Sine wave)

1μHz~15MHz(square wave)
Default 550Hz
Note The marker frequency must be set to a value
between the start and stop frequencies. If no value
is set, the marker frequency is set to the average of
the start and stop frequencies.
Marker mode will override SYNC mode settings

when sweep mode is active.
Sweep Trigger Source

In sweep mode the function generator will sweep each time a trigger
signal is received. After a sweep output has completed, the function
116
APPENDIX
generator outputs the start frequency and waits for a trigger signal
before completing the sweep. The default trigger source is internal.
3. To select the trigger source,

press F1 (Internal), F2


~ anual

(External) or F3 (Manual).

previous menu.
Note Using the Internal source will produce a
continuous sweep using the sweep time settings.
With an external source, a sweep is output each
time a trigger pulse (TTL) is received from the
Trigger IN terminal on the rear panel.
The trigger period must be equal to or greater than
the sweep time plus 1ms.
5. If manual is selected, press F1 rr 

(Trigger) to manually start
each sweep.
117
Burst Mode
The function generator can create a waveform burst with a
designated number of cycles. Burst mode supports sine, square ,ARB
and ramp waveforms.
118
APPENDIX
Selecting Burst Mode
When burst mode is selected, any modulation or

sweep modes will be automatically disabled. If no 
settings have been configured, the default settings

for output amplitude, offset and frequency are
used.
Burst Modes
Burst mode can be configured using Triggered (N Cycle mode) or
Gated mode. Using N Cycle/Triggered mode, each time the function
generator receives a trigger, the function generator will output a
specified number of waveform cycles (burst). After the burst, the
function generator will wait for the next trigger before outputting
another burst. N Cycle is the default Burst mode. Triggered mode
can use internal or external triggers.
The alternative to using a specified number of cycles, Gated mode
uses the external trigger to turn on or off the output. When the
Trigger INPUT signal is high, waveforms are continuously output.
When the Trigger INPUT signal goes low, the waveforms will stop
being output after the last waveform completes its period. The
voltage level of the output will remain equal to the starting phase of
the burst waveforms, ready for the signal to go high again.
Burst Mode Burst Count Burst Period Phase Trigger
Source
Triggered (Int) Available Available Available Immediate
Triggered (Ext) Available Not used Available EXT, Bus
Gated pulse (Ext) Not used Not used Available Unused
119
In Gated mode, burst count, burst cycle and trigger source are
ignored. If a trigger is input, then the trigger will be ignored and will
not generate any errors.
Panel Operation 1. Press the Burst key. 
2. To select either N Cycle (F1)

or Gate (F2).
yl

~ at

Burst Frequency
In the N Cycle and Gated modes, the waveform frequency sets the
repetition rate of the burst waveforms. In N-Cycle mode, the burst is
output at the waveform frequency for the number of cycles set. In
Gated mode the waveform frequency is output while the trigger is
high. Burst mode supports sine, square ,ARB or ramp waveforms.
Panel Operation 1. Press the FREQ/Rate key. /

 /

frequency unit.
uz

~ z

120
APPENDIX
Range Frequency_sine 1uHz~15MHz

Freqency – Ramp 1uHz~1MHz
Freqency – Square 1uHz~15MHz
Default 1kHz
Note Waveform frequency and burst period are not the
same. The burst period is the time between the
bursts in N-Cycle mode.
Burst Cycle/Burst Count

The burst cycle (burst count) is used to define the number of cycles
that are output for a burst waveform. Burst cycle is only used with
N-cycle mode (internal, external or manual source). The default
burst cycle is 1.
2. Press F1 (N Cycle). yl 
3. Press F1 (Cycles). yls 
4. The Cycles parameter will become highlighted

in the Waveform Display area.
121
the number of cycles.   
 /
6. Press F2 to select the Cyc y 

unit.
Range Cycles 1~65535

Note Burst cycles are continuously output when the
internal trigger is selected. The burst period
determines the rate of bursts and the time between
bursts.
Burst cycle must be less than the product of the

burst period and wave frequency.
Burst Cycle < (Burst Period x Wave Frequency)
If the burst cycle exceeds the above conditions, the

burst period will be automatically increased to
satisfy the above conditions.
If gated burst mode is selected, burst cycle is

ignored. Though, if the burst cycle is changed
remotely whilst in gated mode, the new burst cycle
is remembered when used next.
122
APPENDIX
Infinite Burst Count
3. Press F2 (Infinite). nfnt 
Note Infinite burst is only available when using manual

triggering.
Burst Period
The burst period is used to determine the time between the start of
one burst and the start of the next burst. It is only used for internally
triggered bursts.
3. Press F4 (Period). rod 
123
4. The Period parameter will become highlighted

period time.   
 /

period time unit.
u

~ 

Range Period time 1ms~500s

Default 10ms
Note Burst period is only applicable for internal triggers.
Burst period settings are ignored when using gated
burst mode or for external and manual triggers.
The burst period must be large enough to satisfied the
condition below:
Burst Period>Burst Count/Wave frequency + 200ns.
124
APPENDIX
Burst Phase
Burst Phase defines the starting phase of the burst waveform. The
default is 0˚.
3. Press F3 (Phase). has 
4. The Phase parameter will become highlighted

the phase.   
 /
6. Press F2 (Degreee) to select r 

the phase unit.
Range Phase -360˚~+360˚
Default 0˚
125
Note When using sine, square, triangle or ramp

waveforms, 0˚ is the point where the waveforms
are at zero volts.
0˚ is the starting point of a waveform. For sine,

square or Triangle, Ramp waveforms, 0˚ is at 0
volts (assuming there is no DC offset).
Burst Phase is used for both N cycle and Gated

burst modes. In gated burst mode, when the
Trigger INPUT signal goes low the output is
stopped after the current waveform is finished.
The voltage output level will remain equal to the
voltage at the starting burst phase.
Burst Trigger Source

Each time the function generator receives a trigger in triggered burst
(N-Cycle) mode, a waveform burst is output. The number of
waveforms in each burst is designated by the burst cycle (burst
count). When a burst has completed, the function generator waits for
the next trigger. Internal source is the default triggered burst (N-
cycle) mode on power up.
3. Press F5 (TRIG set). st 
4. Choose a trigger type by

pressing F1 (INT), F2 (EXT)


~ anual

or F3 (Manual).
126
APPENDIX
Manual If a manual source is selected, the rr 

Triggering Trigger softkey (F1) must be
pressed each time to output a
burst.
Note When the internal trigger source is chosen, the

burst is output continuously at a rate defined by
the burst period setting. The interval between
bursts is defined by the burst period.
When the external trigger is selected the function

generator will receive a trigger signal (TTL) from
the Trigger INPUT terminal on the rear panel.
Each time the trigger is received, a burst is output
(with the defined number of cycles). If a trigger
signal is received during a burst, it is ignored.
When using the manual or external trigger only

the burst phase and burst cycle/count are
applicable, the burst period is not used.
A time delay can be inserted after each trigger,
before the start of a burst.
127
Burst Delay
4. Press F4 (Delay). lay 
5. The Delay parameter will become highlighted

to enter period time.   
 /

delay time unit.
n

~ 

128
APPENDIX
Range Delay time 0s~655350nS

Default 0s
Burst Trigger Output

The Trig Out terminal on the rear panel can be used for burst or
sweep modes to output a rising edge TTL compatible trigger signal.
By default the trigger signal is rising edge. The trigger signal is
output at the start of each burst.
4. Press F5 (TRIG out). out 
5. Press F3 (ON/OFF) to toggle  

Trigger out ON/OFF.
6. Select F1 (Rise) or F2 (Fall)

edge trigger.
s

~ all

Note When the internal or external trigger is selected,

the trigger output signal will be at either a TTL
low/high level and will toggle.when the specifed
number of waveform cycles completed.
When the manual trigger is selected, the trigger
output turns on at the trigger soft-key be pressed.
129
130
APPENDIX
SECONDARY SYSTEM
FUNCTION SETTINGS
The secondary system functions are used to store and recall settings,
view help files, view the software version, update the firmware, set
the buzzer.
Save and Recall ............................................................... 132

Viewing and Updating the Firmware ................................. 136
Setting the Buzzer Sound .................................................. 137
131
Save and Recall

The AFG-2225 has non-volatile memory to store instrument state
and ARB data. There are 10 memory files numbered 0~9. Each
memory file can either store arbitrary waveform data (ARB), settings
or both. When data (ARB or Setting data) is stored in a memory file,
the data will be shown in red. If a file has no data, it will be shown in
blue.
Save/Recall ARB
Properties
 Rate  Display vertical
 Frequency  Output Start
 Length  Output length
 Display horizontal
Setting
 Functions  AM
 Waveform  Source
 Frequency  Shape
 Pulse Width  Depth
 Square wave Duty  AM frequency
 Ramp Symmetry  FM
 Amplitude  Source
 Amplitude unit  Shape
 Offset  Deviation
 Modulation type  FM frequency
 Beep setting  FSK
 Impedance  Source
 Main output  Shape
 Sweep  Rate
 Source  Hop frequency
 Type  PM
 Marker  Source
132
APPENDIX
 Time  Shape
 Start frequency  Phase deviation
 Stop frequency  Frequency
 Center frequency  Burst Type
 Span frequency  Source
 Marker frequency  Trigger out
 Type
 Cycles
 Phase
 Period
 Delay
Panel Operation 1. Press the UTIL key. 
2. Press F1 (Memory). mory 

highlight a memory file
number.
133
4. Choose a file operation:
Press F1 to store a file, press tor 

F2 to recall a file, or press F3
all 
to delete a file.
lt 

highlight the data type.
ARB, Setting or ARB+Setting
6. Press F5 (Done) to choose the on 

data type.
Range Memory file Memory0 ~ Memory9
Data type ARB, Setting, ARB+Setting
7. Press F5 (Done) to confirm on 

the operation.
Delete All 8. To delete all the files for ltll 

Memory0~Memory9, press
F4.
134
APPENDIX
9. Press F1 (Done) to confirm on 

the deletion of all files.
135
System and Settings

There are a number of miscellaneous settings and firmware settings
that can be configured.
Viewing and Updating the Firmware
View Version 1. Press the UTIL key. 
2. Press F2 (Cal.). al 
3. Press F2 (Software). oftwar 
4. Press F1 (Version) to view the rson 

firmware version.
The version information will be shown on screen:

Instrument, Version, FPGA Revision
Update Firmware 5. To update the firmware, prad 

insert a USB flash drive with
a firmware file in the USB
host drive. Press F2
(Upgrade).
The firmware file (*.bin) must be located in a

Note directory, directly off the USB root directory.
136
APPENDIX
Setting the Buzzer Sound
Background Turns the beeper on or off.
Panel Operation 1. Press the UTIL key. 
2. Press F3 (System). ystm 
3. PressF3 (Beep) to toggle the p 

buzzer sound on or off.
4. Press F1(ON) or Press

F2(OFF)


~ 

Frequency Counter
Example: Turn on the frequency counter. Gate time: 1 second.
Output: N/A 1. Press UTIL, F5 (Counter).  ountr
Input:
Trigger MOD 2. Press F1 (Gate Time), and atm 
IN
press F3 (1 Sec) to choose a
gate time of 1 second.
OUT 3. Connect the signal of interest to the Frequency

Trigger Counter
counter input on the rear panel.
4. Input a 1kHz square wave signal into the

Counter input on the rear panel. Set the gate
time to 1S.
137
Frequency Coupling
Example: Frequency Coupling
1. Press UTIL, F4 (Dual Chan) to  ualhan

enter the coupling function.
2. Press F1 (Freq Cpl) to select rqpl
the frequency coupling

function.
3. Press F2 (Offset). The offset is ffst
the frequency difference

between CH1 and CH2. Use
the number keys or scroll
wheel to enter the offset.
There are two different

coupling modes. They are
calculated as follows:
Offset=CH2-CH1
Ratio=CH2/CH1
138
APPENDIX
4. Input an offset value of 1kHz.

Press F1~ F5 to select the
uz

~ z

units.
The frequency of channel 2 becomes 2kHz (CH2=CH1

+ Offset).
5. Change the frequency coupling mode to Ratio.

Set the ratio to 2.
The frequency of CH2 automatically changes

accordingly to match the ratio
(CH2=CH1*Ratio).
139
Amplitude Coupling
Example: Amplitude Coupling
1. The following assumes that the amplitude has

already been set to 4Vpp with a DC offset of
1Vdc.
2. Press UTIL, F4 (Dual  ualhan

Chan) to enter the
coupling function.
3. Press F2 (Ampl Cpl), mplpl n
F1 (ON) to select the

amplitude coupling
function.
4. The amplitude and offset between both channel

is coupled. Any changes in amplitude in the
current channel is reflected in the other
channel.
Tracking
Example: Tracking
140
APPENDIX
1. The method for outputting a square wave has

been previously described. Use this method to
output a 2kHz squarewave from CH1 with an
amplitude of 5Vpp and a DC offset of 1Vdc.
2. Press UTIL, F4 (Dual  ualhan

Chan) to enter the
coupling function.
3. Press F3 (Tracking), rakn n
F2 (On) to turn on the

tracking function.
4. When tracking is turned on, parameters such as

amplitude and frequency from the current
channel are mirrored on the other channel.
141
S_Phase
Example: S_phase

coupling function.
2. Press S_Phase (F4), _has
turn on the S_Phase

function.
3. S_Phase function is to make the phase
synchronization between current channel and
another channel. Phase is 0°.here S_Phase
function is the same with S_Phase function under
CH1/CH2.
142
APPENDIX
CHANNEL SETTINGS
The channel settings chapter shows how to set the output
impedance, output phase and DSO connection settings.
Output Impedance ............................................................. 143

Selecting the Output Phase ............................................... 144
Synchronizing the Phase .................................................... 145
DSO Link ............................................................................ 146
Output Impedance
Background The AFG-2225 has selectable output impedances:

50Ω or high impedance. The default output
impedance is 50Ω. The output impedances are to
be used as a reference only. If the actual load
impedance is different to that specified, then the
actual amplitude and offset will vary accordingly.
Panel Operation 1. Press the CH1/CH2 key. 
Note The load function can only be used if the ARB, MOD,
SWEEP or BURST functions are not active.
2. Press F1 (Load). oad 
143
3. Select F1 (50 OHM) or F2

(High Z) to select the output


~ h

impedance.
Selecting the Output Phase
Panel operation 1. Press the CH1/CH2 key. 
The phase function can only be used if the ARB,

Note MOD, SWEEP or BURST functions are not active.
Square and Pulse can not be change,phase is 0°
2. Press F4 (Phase) and then has 

press F1 (Phase)
has 
3. The Phase parameter in the parameter window

will become hightlighed.
144
APPENDIX
the output phase.   
 /
5. Press F5 (Degree). r 
Synchronizing the Phase
Background Synchronizes both the outputs on the AFG-2225.
Panel Operation 1. Press the CH1/CH2 key. 
2. Press F4 (Phase). has 
3. Press F2 (S_Phase) to _has 

synchronize the phase of the
channels.
145
DSO Link
Background DSO Link enables the AFG-2225 to receive lossless

data from a GDS-2000 Series DSO to create ARB
data.
1. Connect the AFG-2225 USB

host port to the GDS-2000’s
USB B device port. →
Panel Operation 2. Press the CH1/CH2 key. CH1/CH2
3. Press F5 (DSO Link). nk 
4. Press F1 (Search). arh 
5. To select a DSO channel,

Press F2 (CH1), F3 (CH2), F4


~ 

(CH3) or F5 (CH4). The
acquired data can then be
displayed.
146
APPENDIX
ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS
The AFG-2225 can create user-defined arbitrary waveforms with a
sample rate of 120MHz. Each waveform can include up to 4k of data
points with a vertical range of ±511.
Inserting Built-In Waveforms ........................................... 148

Create an AbsAtan Waveform ............................................ 148
Display an Arbitrary Waveform ........................................ 150
Set the Horizontal Display Range ...................................... 150
Set the Vertical Display Properties..................................... 152
Page Navigation (Back Page) ............................................. 154
Page Navigation (Next Page) ............................................. 156
Display ................................................................................ 158
Editing an Arbitrary Wavefrom ......................................... 159
Adding a Point to an Arbitrary Waveform .......................... 159
Adding a Line to an Arbitrary Waveform ........................... 160
Copy a Waveform ............................................................... 162
Clear the Waveform ............................................................ 164
ARB Protection ................................................................... 166
Ouput an Arbitrary Waveform .......................................... 169
Ouput Arbitrary Waveform................................................. 169
Saving/Loading an Arbitrary Waveform ............................ 171
Saving a Waveform to Internal Memory ............................ 171
Saving a Waveform to USB Memory ................................. 172
Load a Waveform from Internal Memory .......................... 175
Load a Waveform from USB .............................................. 178
147
Inserting Built-In Waveforms

The AFG-2225 includes 66 common waveforms, such as math
waveforms, windowing functions and engineering waveforms.
Create an AbsAtan Waveform
Panel Operation 1. Press the ARB key. 
2. Press F3(Built in). ultn 
3. Press F4(Wave). av 
4. Press F1(Common). ommon 
5. Use the scroll wheel to select “AbsAtan” from

the built-in Common waveforms.
6. Press F5(Select) to select lt 

AbsAtan waveform
7. Press F1(Start) and set the tart 

start position of the AbsAtan
waveform.
8. You can also change the nth 

length and scale of the
waveform by pressing
al 
F2(Length) or F3(Scale).
9. Press F5 (Done) to complete on 

the operation
10. Press return to return to the Return

previous menu.
148
APPENDIX
Below an Absatan wave created at start:0, Length: 33,

Scale: 511
*Please see the appendix for other built-in waveforms
149
Display an Arbitrary Waveform
Set the Horizontal Display Range

The horizontal window bounds can be set in one of two ways: Using
a start point and length, or a center point and length.
2. Press F1 (Display) to enter the splay 

display menu.
3. Press F1 (Horizon) to enter orzon 

the horizontal menu.
Using a Start 4. Press F1( Start) tart 

Point
5. The H_From parameter will become

highlighted.
the H_From value.   
 /
7. Press Clear ( F1) to cancel. lar 
8. Press F2 (Enter) to save the ntr 

settings.

previous menu.
150
APPENDIX
Setting the 10. Repeat steps 4~9 for Length nth 

Length (F2).
Using a Center 11. Repeat steps 4~9 for Center ntr 

Point (F3).
Zoom in 12. To zoom into the arbitrary oomn 

waveform, press F4 (Zoom
In). The Zoom In function
will reduce the length by half
each time the function is
used. The minimum
allowable length is 3.
Zoom out 13. To zoom out from the center oomout 

point of the waveform, press
F5 (Zoom out). The Zoom out
function will increase the
length by 2. The maximum
allowable length is 4096.
Below, an arbitrary waveform has a start of 0,

length of 200 and is centered at 100.
151
Set the Vertical Display Properties

Like the horizontal properties, the vertical display properties of the
waveform display can be created in two ways: Setting high and low
values, or setting the center point.
2. Press F1 (Display). splay 
3. Press F2 (Vertical). rtal 
Setting the Low 4. Press F1 (Low). ow 

Point
5. The V_Low parameter will become highlighted.
the V_Low value.   
 /
7. Press Clear (F1) to cancel. lar 

settings.

previous menu.
Setting the High 10. Repeat steps 4~9 for V_High h 
Point (F2).
152
APPENDIX
Setting the Center 11. Repeat steps 4~9 for Center ntr 
Point (F3).
Zoom 12. To zoom in from the center of oomn 

the arbitrary waveform, press
F4 (Zoom in). The Zoom in
function will reduce the
length by half each time the
function is used. The
minimum allowable vertical
low is -2, and the minimum
vertical high is 2.
13. To zoom out of the oomout 

waveform, press F5 (Zoom
out). The Zoom out function
will increase the length by 2.
The Vertical low maximum
can be set to -511 and the
vertical high maximum can
be set to +511.
Below, the AbsAtan wave is with a vertical low of -511,

a vertical high 511 and a center of 0.
153
Page Navigation (Back Page)
Background When viewing the waveform, the display window

can be moved forward and backward using the
Next/Back Page functions.
3. Press F4 (Back Page) to move aka 

the display window one view
length backward.
H_From* = H_From - Length

Center*= Center – Length
*Length until 0
Below, shows the display after Back Page has been

pressed.
H_From: 200  0
Length: 200
Center:300 100
154
APPENDIX
155
Page Navigation (Next Page)
Background When viewing the waveform, the display window

can be moved forward and backward using the
Next/Back Page functions.
3. Press F3 (Next Page) to move xta 

the display window one view
length forward.
H_From*＝H_From + Length
Center=Center + Length
*H_From +Length ≤ 4096
Below, shows the display after Next Page has been

pressed.
H_From: 0  200
Length: 200
Center:100 300
156
APPENDIX
157
Display
3. To make the display window vrvw 

cover the whole waveform,
press F5 (Overview).
Horizontal: 0~4095
Vertical: 511~ -511
Below shows the display after Overview has been

selected.
H_From: 0  0
Length: 4004096
Center:200 2048
Vertical low/high: ±511
158
APPENDIX
Editing an Arbitrary Wavefrom
Adding a Point to an Arbitrary Waveform
Background The AFG-2225 has a powerful editing function that

allows you to create points or lines anywhere on
the waveform.
2. Press F2 (Edit). dt 
3. Press F1 (Point). ont 
4. Press F1 (Address). ddrss 
5. The Address parameter becomes highlighted.
the Address value.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
9. Press F2 (Data). ata 
159
10. The Data parameter will become highlighted.
to enter a Data value.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
14. Press return again to go back Return

to the ARB menu.
In the following figure the edited address is
shown in red.
Address 100，Data 200
Adding a Line to an Arbitrary Waveform
Background The AFG-2225 has a powerful editing function that

allows you to create points or lines anywhere on
the waveform.
160
APPENDIX
3. Press F2 (Line). n 
4. Press F1 (Start ADD). tart 
5. The Start Address parameter will be

highlighted in red.
6. Use the arrowkeys keys and   
to enter the start address.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
9. Repeat steps 4~8 for Start Data (F2), Stop

Address (F3) and Stop Data (F4).

the line edit.

previous menu.
161
The red line was created below with the following

properties:
Start Address: 0, Start Data: 0
Stop Address: 32, Stop Data: 0
Copy a Waveform
3. Press F3 (Copy). opy 
4. Press F1 (Start). tart 
5. The Copy From properties will become

highlighted in red.
162
APPENDIX
6. The the arrow keys and scroll   
the Copy From address.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
9. Repeat steps 4~8 for Length (F2) and Paste To

(F3).

the selection.

previous menu.
A section of the waveform from points 0~33 was
copied to points 50~83:
Copy From: 0
Length: 33
To: 50
163
Clear the Waveform
3. Press F4 (Clear). lar 
5. The Clear From properties will become

highlighted in red.
the Clear From address.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
9. Repeat steps 4~8 for Length nth 

(F2).
10. Press F3 (Done) to clear the on 

selected section of the
arbitrary waveform.
164
APPENDIX
Delete All 11. Press F4 (ALL) to delete the  

whole waveform.
12. Press F1 (Done) again to on 

confirm the deletion.
13. Press Return return to the Return

previous menu.
Clear From: 20, Length: 33.
The same area after being cleared:
165
The result after the whole waveform is deleted:
ARB Protection
The protection function designates an area of the arbitrary
waveform that cannot be altered.
3. Press F5 (Protect). rott 
4. Press F2 (Start). tart 
5. The Protect Start properties will become

highlighted in red.
166
APPENDIX
the Protect Start address.   
 /

settings.

previous menu.
9. Repeat steps 4~8 for Length nth 

(F3).
10. Press F4 (Done) to confirm on 

the protected area.
Protect All 11. Press F1 (ALL) to protect the  

whole waveform.
12. Press F1 (Done) to confirm. on 
Unprotect All 13. Press F5 (Unprotect) to nprott 

unprotect the whole
waveform.
14. Press F1 (Done) to confirm. on 
15. The waveform background will return back to

black. The property “Protect Off” be will
grayed out.
167
Below, the protected areas of the waveform are

shown with an orange background:
Start:0, Length: 100.
168
APPENDIX
Ouput an Arbitrary Waveform

The arbitrary waveform generator can output up to 4k points
(2~4096).
Ouput Arbitrary Waveform
2. Press F4 (Output). utput 
4. The Start property will become highlighted in

red.
the Start address.   
 /
6. Press F2 (Enter) to confirm ntr 

the start point.

previous menu.

(F2).

previous menu.
169
The front panel terminal will output the following

waveform.
Start 0，Length 500
*ARB Marker Output

When turning on the ARB functionality,whether the ARB waveform is
being output or not,there is a pulse from the Trigger OUT port. The pulse
time is 1/RATE
170
APPENDIX
Saving/Loading an Arbitrary Waveform

The AFG-2225 can save and load arbitrary waveforms from 10
internal memory slots. Arbitrary waveforms can also be saved and
loaded from a USB memory stick.
Saving a Waveform to Internal Memory
3. Press F1 (Save). av 
5. The Start property will become highlighted in

red.
 /

the start point.

previous menu.

(F2).
10. Press F3 (Memory). mory 
171
11. Select a memory file using the

scroll wheel.
Memory0~Memory9
12. Press F1 (Select) to save the lt 

selected memory file.

previous menu.
Below the file Memory0 is selected using the scroll
wheel.
Saving a Waveform to USB Memory
3. Press F1 (Save). av 
172
APPENDIX
5. The Start propery will become highlighted in

red.
 /

the start point.

previous menu.

(F2).
10. Press F4 (USB).  

navigate the file system.
12. Press Select to select lt 

directories or files.
Create a Folder 1. Press F2 (New Folder). woldr 
2. The text editor will appear with a default folder

name of “NEW_FOL”.
173
New Folder:
NEW_FOL
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 _ -
3. Use the scroll wheel to move

the cursor.
4. Use F1 (Enter Char) or F2

(Backspace) to create a folder
ntrhar

~ akspa

name.
5. Press F5 (Save) to save the av 

folder name.
Create a New File 1. Press F3 (New File). wl 
2. The text editor will appear with a default file

name of “NEW_FIL”.
New File(CSV):
NEW_FIL
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 _ -
174
APPENDIX
3. Use the scroll wheel to move

the cursor.
4. Use F1 (Enter Char) or F2

(Backspace) to create a file
ntrhar

~ akspa

name.
5. Press F5 (Save) to save the file av 

name.
Below the folder, BIN, has been created in the root
directory.
Load a Waveform from Internal Memory
Panel Operation 1. Press the ARBkey. 
3. Press F2 (Load). oad 
4. Press F1 (Memory). mory 
175
5. Use the scroll whell to choose

a memory file.
6. Press Select to load the lt 

selected memory file.
7. Press F3 (To) to choose the o 

starting point for the loaded
waveform.
8. The Load To parameter will become

highlighted in red.
to enter the starting point.   
 /
10. Press F2(Enter) to confirm the ntr 

start point.

previous menu.
12. Press F4(Done). on 
Below the file Memory0 is selected using the scroll

wheel loaded to position 0.
176
APPENDIX
177
Load a Waveform from USB
3. Press F2 (Load). oad 
4. Press F2 (USB).  
5. Use the scroll wheel to choose

a file name.
6. Press F1 (Select) to select the lt 

file to load.
7. Press F3 (To) to choose the o 

starting point for the loaded
waveform.
8. The Load To property will become highlighted

in red.
the starting point.   
 /
10. Press F2(Enter) to confirm the ntr 

Start point.
11. Press F4(Done). on 
178
APPENDIX
Below the file AFG.CSV is selected using the scroll

wheel loaded to position 0.
179
REMOTE INTERFACE
Establishing a Remote Connection .................................. 181
Configure USB interface .................................................... 181
Remote control terminal connection................................. 182
Command Syntax ............................................................... 184
180
APPENDIX
Establishing a Remote Connection

The AFG-2225 supports USB remote connections.
Configure USB interface
USB PC side connector Type A, host

configuration
AFG-2225 side Type B, slave
connector
Speed 1.1/2.0 (full speed)
Panel Operation 1. Connect the USB cable to the

rear panel USB B (slave) port.
2. When the PC asks for the

USB driver, select
XXXXXXX.inf included in the
software package or
download the driver from the
GW website,
www.gwinstek.com.
181
Remote control terminal connection
Terminal Invoke the terminal application such as MTTTY

application (Multi-Threaded TTY). For USB, set the COM port,
baud rate, stop bit, data bit, and parity
accordingly.
To check the COM port No, see the Device
Manager in the PC. For WinXP, Control panel →
System → Hardware tab.
Functionality Run this query command via the terminal.

check *idn?
This should return the Manufacturer, Model
number, Serial number, and Firmware version in
the following format.
GW INSTEK, AFG-2225, SN:XXXXXXXX,Vm.mm
Note: ^j or ^m can be used as the terminal

character when using a terminal program.
PC Software The proprietary PC software, downloadable from

GWInstek website, can be used for remote control.
Display When a remote connection is established all panel

keys are locked bar F5.
1. Press REM/LOCK (F5) to K 

return the function generator
to local mode.
182
APPENDIX
183
Command Syntax
Compatible  IEEE488.2, 1992 (fully compatible)

standard  SCPI, 1994 (partially compatible)
Command Tree The SCPI standard is an ASCII based standard that
defines the command syntax and structure for
programmable instruments.
Commands are based on a hierarchical tree

structure. Each command keyword is a node on
the command tree with the first keyword as the
root node. Each sub node is separated with a
colon.
Shown below is a section of the SOURce[1|2] root
node and the :PM and :PULSe sub nodes.
Root node :SOURce[1|2]
2nd node :PM :PULSe
3rd node SOURCE Shape :PERiod :WIDTh
Command types Commands can be separated in to three distinc

types, simple commands, compound commands
and queries.
Simple A single command with/without
a parameter
Example *OPC
Compound Two or more commands
separated by a colon (:)
with/without a parameter
Example SOURce1:PULSe:WIDTh
184
APPENDIX
Query A query is a simple or compound

command followed by a question
mark (?). A parameter (data) is
returned. The maximum or
minimum value for a parameter
can also be queried where
applicable.
Example SOURce1:FREQuency?
SOURce1:FREQuency? MIN
Command forms Commands and queries have two different forms,
long and short. The command syntax is written
with the short form of the command in capitals
and the remainder (long form) in lower case.
long long
SOURce1:DCOffset
short short
The commands can be written in capitals or lower-
case, just so long as the short or long forms are
complete. An incomplete command will not be
recognized.
Below are examples of correctly written
commands:
LONG SOURce1:DCOffset
SOURCE1:DCOFFSET
source1:dcoffset
SHORT SOUR1:DCO
sour1:dco
185
Command SOURce1:DCOffset < offset>LF 1: command header

Format 1 2 3 4 2: single space
3: parameter
4: message terminator
Square Brackets [] Commands that contain squares brackets indicate
that the contents are optional. The function of the
command is the same with or without the square
bracketed items. Brackets are not sent with the
command.
For example, the frequency query below can use any of
the following 3 forms:
SOURce1:FREQuency? [MINimum|MAXimum]
SOURce1:FREQuency? MAXimum
SOURce1:FREQuency? MINimum
SOURce1:FREQuency?
Braces {} Commands that contain braces indicate one item
within the braces must be chosen. Braces are not
sent with the command.
Angled Brackets Angle brackets are used to indicate that a value
<> must be specified for the parameter. See the
parameter description below for details. Angled
brackets are not sent with the command.
Bars | Bars are used to separate multiple parameter
choices in the command format.
Parameters Type Description Example
<Boolean> Boolean logic 0, 1/ON,OFF
<NR1> integers 0, 1, 2, 3
<NR2> decimal numbers 0.1, 3.14, 8.5
<NR3> floating point 4.5e-1, 8.25e+1
<NRf> any of NR1, 2, 3 1, 1.5, 4.5e-1
186
APPENDIX
<NRf+> NRf type with a 1, 1.5, 4.5e-1

<Numeric> suffix including MAX, MIN,
MINimum,
MAXimum or
DEFault
parameters.
<aard> Arbitrary ASCII
characters.
<discrete> Discrete ASCII IMM, EXT,
character MAN
parameters
<frequency> NRf+ type 1 KHZ, 1.0 HZ,
<peak deviation including ΜHZ
in Hz> frequency unit
suffixes.
<rate in Hz>
<amplitude> NRf+ type VPP
including voltage
peak to peak.
<offset> NRf+ type V
including volt
unit suffixes.
<seconds> NRf+ type NS, S MS US
including time
unit suffixes.
<percent> NRf type N/A
<depth in
percent>
Message LF CR line feed code (new line) and
terminators carriage return.
LF line feed code (new line)
EOI IEEE-488 EOI (End-Or-Identify)
Note ^j or ^m should be used when using a terminal

program.
187
Command Space A space is used to separate a

Separators parameter from a
keyword/command header.
Colon (:) A colon is used to separate
keywords on each node.
Semicolon (;) A semi colon is used to separate
subcommands that have the same
node level.
For example:
SOURce[1|2]:DCOffset?
SOURce[1|2]:OUTPut?
SOURce1:DCOffset?;OUTPut?
Colon + A colon and semicolon can be
Semicolon (:;) used to combine commands from
different node levels.
For example:
SOURce1:PM:SOURce?
SOURce:PULSe:WIDTh?
SOURce1:PM:SOURce?:;SOURce:
PULSe:WIDTh?
Comma (,) When a command uses multiple
parameters, a comma is used to
separate the parameters.
For example:
SOURce:APPLy:SQUare 10KHZ, 2.0
VPP, -1V
188
APPENDIX
Command List
System Commands .......................................................... 193
SYSTem:ERRor? ................................................................. 193
*IDN? ................................................................................. 193
*RST ................................................................................... 194
SYSTem:VERSion?.............................................................. 194
*OPC .................................................................................. 194
*OPC? ................................................................................. 195
*WAI ................................................................................... 195
Status Register Commands ............................................. 196
*CLS.................................................................................... 196
*ESE .................................................................................... 196
*ESR? .................................................................................. 197
*STB? .................................................................................. 197
*SRE ................................................................................... 198
System Remote Commands ............................................. 199
SYSTem:LOCal ................................................................... 199
SYSTem:REMote ................................................................ 199
DISPlay ON/OFF............................................................... 199
Apply Commands ............................................................ 200
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SINusoid ............................................ 202
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SQUare .............................................. 202
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:RAMP ................................................. 203
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:PULSe ................................................ 203
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:NOISe ................................................ 204
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:USER .................................................. 204
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy? .......................................................... 205
Output Commands .......................................................... 206
SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion ...................................................... 206
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency ................................................... 207
SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude ..................................................... 209
SOURce[1|2]:DCOffset ....................................................... 210
SOURce[1|2]:SQUare:DCYCle ............................................ 211
SOURce[1|2]:RAMP:SYMMetry .......................................... 212
OUTPut[1|2] ........................................................................ 213
OUTPut[1|2]:LOAD............................................................. 213
SOURce[1|2]:VOLTage:UNIT ............................................. 214
Pulse Configuration Commands ...................................... 216
SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:PERiod ............................................... 216
SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:WIDTh ............................................... 217
Amplitude Modulation (AM) Commands ......................... 218
AM Overview ...................................................................... 218
189
SOURce[1|2]:AM:STATe ..................................................... 219

SOURce[1|2]:AM:SOURce ................................................. 219
SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FUNCtion ............................... 220
SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency ............................. 221
SOURce[1|2]:AM:DEPTh .................................................... 221
Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands .......................... 223
FM Overview ...................................................................... 223
SOURce[1|2]:FM:STATe ..................................................... 224
SOURce[1|2]:FM:SOURce .................................................. 224
SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FUNCtion ............................... 225
SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FREQuency ............................. 226
SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEViation ............................................... 226
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands ........................ 228
FSK Overview ..................................................................... 228
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:STATe ................................................. 228
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:SOURce ............................................. 229
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:FREQuency ........................................ 229
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:INTernal:RATE ................................... 230
Phase Modulation (PM)Commands ................................. 232
PM Overview ...................................................................... 232
SOURce[1|2]:PM:STATe ..................................................... 233
SOURce[1|2]:PM:SOURce.................................................. 233
SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FUNction ................................ 234
SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FREQuency ............................. 234
SOURce[1|2]:PM:DEViation ............................................... 235
SUM Modulation (SUM) Commands .............................. 236
SUM Overview ................................................................... 236
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:STATe .................................................. 237
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:SOURce ............................................... 237
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FUNction ............................. 238
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FREQuency .......................... 238
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:AMPL ................................................... 239
Frequency Sweep Commands ........................................... 240
Sweep Overview ................................................................. 240
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:STATe ............................................... 241
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STARt ........................................ 242
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STOP......................................... 242
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:CENTer ..................................... 243
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:SPAN ........................................ 244
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SPACing ........................................... 245
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:TIME................................................. 245
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SOURce ............................................ 246
SOURce[1|2]:MARKer:FREQuency..................................... 247
SOURce[1|2]:MARKer ........................................................ 247
190
APPENDIX
Burst Mode Commands ................................................... 249

Burst Mode Overview......................................................... 249
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:STATe ................................................ 251
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:MODE ............................................... 251
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:NCYCles ............................................ 252
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:INTernal:PERiod ............................... 253
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:PHASe ............................................... 254
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SOURce .............................. 254
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:DELay .................................. 255
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SLOPe ................................. 256
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:MANual .............................. 257
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:GATE:POLarity .................................. 257
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:OUTPut:TRIGger:SLOPe .................. 258
OUTPut[1|2]:TRIGger ......................................................... 259
Arbitrary Waveform Commands ....................................... 260
Arbitrary Waveform Overview ............................................ 260
SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion USER ........................................... 261
SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC .................................................... 261
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:COPY ........................................... 262
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete ......................................... 263
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete:ALL .................................. 263
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:POINt........................................... 263
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:LINE ............................................. 264
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect ....................................... 264
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect:ALL ............................... 265
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:UNProtect .................................... 265
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:OUTPut ................................................. 265
COUNTER ....................................................................... 266
COUNTER:STATE .............................................................. 266
COUNter:GATe .................................................................. 266
COUNter:VALue? ............................................................... 267
PHASE ............................................................................. 267
SOURce[1|2]:PHASe ........................................................... 267
SOURce[1|2]:PHASe:SYNChronize .................................... 268
SOURce[1|2]:PHASe:SYNChronize .................................... 268
SOURce1:PHASe:SYNChronize ......................................... 268
COUPLE .......................................................................... 268
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE ......................... 268
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet ........................ 269
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio .......................... 269
SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe ........................... 269
SOURce[1|2]:TRACk ........................................................... 270
Save and Recall Commands ............................................. 271
*SAV ................................................................................... 271
191
*RCL ................................................................................... 271

MEMory:STATe:DELete ..................................................... 271
MEMory:STATe:DELete ALL .............................................. 272
192
APPENDIX
System Commands
SYSTem:ERRor? System Query
Description Reads an error from the error queue. See page 286
for details regarding the error queue.
Query Syntax SYSTem:ERRor?
Return parameter <string> Returns an error string,
<256 ASCII characters.
Example SYSTem:ERRor?
-138 Suffix not allowed
Returns an error string.
*IDN? System Query
Description Returns the function generator manufacturer,

model number, serial number and firmware
version number in the following format:
GW INSTEK,AFG-2225,SN:XXXXXXXX,Vm.mm
Query Syntax *IDN?
Return parameter <string>
Example *IDN?
GW INSTEK,AFG-2225,SN:XXXXXXXX,Vm.mm
Returns the identification of the function
generator.
193
*RST System Command
Description Reset the function generator to its factory default

state.
Note Note the *RST command will not delete
instrument save states in memory.
Syntax *RST
SYSTem:VERSion? System Query
Description Performs a system version query. Returns a string

with the instrument, firmware version, FPGA
revision
Query Syntax SYSTem:VERSion?
Return parameter <string>
Example SYST:VERS?
AFG-2225 VX.XXX_XXXX
Returns the year and version for that year (1).
*OPC System Command
Description This command sets the Operation Complete Bit

(bit 0) of the Standard Event Status Register after
the function generator has completed all pending
operations. For the AFG-2225, the *OPC command
is used to indicate when a sweep or burst has
completed.
Note Before the OPC bit is set, other commands may be
executed.
Syntax *OPC
194
APPENDIX
*OPC? System Query
Description Returns the OPC bit to the output buffer when all
pending operations have completed. I.e. when the
OPC bit is set.
Note Commands cannot be executed until the *OPC?
query has completed.
Query Syntax *OPC?
Return parameter 1
Example *OPC?
1
Returns a “1” when all pending operations are
complete.
*WAI System Command
Description This command waits until all pending operations

have completed before executing additional
commands. I.e., when the OPC bit is set.
Note This command is only used for triggered sweep
and burst modes.
Syntax *WAI
195
Status Register Commands
*CLS System Command
Description The *CLS command clears all the event registers,

the error queue and cancels an *OPC command.
Syntax *CLS
*ESE System Command
Description The Standard Event Status Enable command

determines which events in the Standard Event
Status Event register can set the Event Summary
Bit (ESB) of the Status Byte register. Any bit
positions set to 1 enable the corresponding event.
Any enabled events set bit 5 (ESB) of the Status
Byte register.
Note The *CLS command clears the event register, but
not the enable register.
Syntax *ESE <enable value>
Parameter <enable value> 0~255
Example *ESE 20
Sets a bit weight of 20 (bits 2 and 4).
Query Syntax *ESE?
Return Parameter Bit Register Bit Register
0 Not used 4 Message Available
1 Not used 5 Standard Event
2 Error Queue 6 Master Summary
3 Questionable 7 Not used
Data
196
APPENDIX
Example *ESE?
4
Bit 2 is set.
*ESR? System Command
Description Reads and clears the Standard Event Status

Register. The bit weight of the standard event
status register is returned.
Note The *CLS will also clear the standard event status
register.
Query Syntax *ESR?
0 Operation 4 Execution Error
Complete
1 Not Used 5 Command Error
2 Query Error 6 Not Used
3 Device Error 7 Power On
Query Example *ESR?

5
Returns the bit weight of the standard event status
register (bit 0 and 2).
*STB? System Command
Description Reads the Status byte condition register.

Note Bit 6, the master summary bit, is not cleared.
Syntax *STB?
197
*SRE System Command
Description The Service Request Enable Command determines

which events in the Status Byte Register are
allowed to set the MSS (Master summary bit). Any
bit that is set to “1” can cause the MSS bit to be set.
Note The *CLS command clears the status byte event
register, but not the enable register.
Syntax *SRE <enable value>
Parameter <enable value> 0~255
Example *SRE 12
Sets a bit weight of 12 (bits 2 and 3) for the service
request enable register.
Query Syntax *SRE?
0 Not used 4 Message Available
1 Not used 5 Standard Event
2 Error Queue 6 Master Summary
3 Questionable 7 Not used
Data
Query Example *SRE?
12
Returns the bit weight of the status byte enable
register.
198
APPENDIX
System Remote Commands
SYSTem:LOCal System Command
Description Sets the function generator to local mode. In local

mode, all front panel keys are operational.
Syntax SYSTem:LOCal
Example SYST:LOC
SYSTem:REMote System Command
Description Disables the front panel keys and puts the function
generator into remote mode
Syntax SYSTem:REMote
Example SYST:REM
DISPlay ON/OFF System Command
Description Enable or disable the front panel display of

function generator. When disabled, display does
not display any content.
Due to disabling the front panel display, the speed
of executing commands from the remote interface
will be improved.
Syntax DISPlay ON/OFF
Example DISPlay ON
199
Apply Commands
The APPLy command has 5 different types of outputs (Sine, Square,

Ramp, Pulse, Noise, ). The command is the quickest, easiest way to
output waveforms remotely. Frequency, amplitude and offset can be
specified for each function.
As only basic parameters can be set with the Apply command, other
parameters use the instrument default values.
The Apply command will set the trigger source to immediate and
disable burst, modulation and sweep modes. Turns on the output
commandOUTPut[1|2] ON. The termination setting will not be
changed.
As the frequency, amplitude and offset parameters are in nested

square brackets, amplitude can only be specified if the frequency has
been specified and offset can only be specified if amplitude has been
set. For the example:
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SINusoid [<frequency> [,<amplitude>
[,<offset>] ]]
Output Frequency For the output frequency, MINimum, MAXimum

and DEFault can be used. The default frequency
for all functions is set to 1 kHz. The maximum and
minimum frequency depends on the function
used. If a frequency output that is out of range is
specified, the max/min frequency will be used
instead. A “Data out range error will be
generated” from the remote terminal.
200
APPENDIX
When setting the amplitude, MINimum,

Output MAXimum and DEFault can be used. The range
Amplitude
depends on the function being used and the output
termination (50Ω or high impedance). The default
amplitude for all functions is 100 mVpp (50Ω).
If the amplitude has been set and the output

termination is changed from 50Ω to high
impedance, the amplitude will double. Changing
the output termination from high impedance to
50Ω will half the amplitude.
Vrms, dBm or Vpp units can be used to specify the

output unit to use with the current command. The
VOLT:UNIT command can be used to set the units
when no unit is specified with the Apply
command. If the output termination is set to high
impedance, dBm units cannot be used. The units
will default to Vpp.
The output amplitude can be affected by the

function and unit chosen. Vpp and Vrms or dBm
values may have different maximum values due to
differences such as crest factor. For example, a
5Vrms square wave must be adjusted to 3.536
Vrms for a sine wave.
DC Offset voltage The offset parameter can be set to MINimum,

MAXimum or DEFault. The default offset is 0
volts. The offset is limited by the output amplitude
as shown below.
|Voffset| < Vmax – Vpp/2
If the output specified is out of range, the

maximum offset will be set.
201
The offset is also determined by the output

termination (50Ω or high impedance). If the offset
has been set and the output termination has
changed from 50Ω to high impedance, the offset
will double. Changing the output termination from
high impedance to 50Ω will half the offset.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SINusoid Command
Description Outputs a sine wave from the selected channel

when the command has executed. Frequency,
amplitude and offset can also be set.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SINusoid [<frequency>
[,<amplitude> [,<offset>] ]]
Parameter <frequency> 1μHz~25MHz
<amplitude> 1mVpp~10Vpp (50Ω)
(3.536 Vrms)
<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)
Example SOUR1:APPL:SIN 2KHZ,MAX,MAX
Sets frequency to 2kHz and sets the amplitude and
offset to the maximum.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SQUare Command
Description Outputs a square wave from the selected channel

amplitude and offset can also be set. The duty
cycle is set to 50%.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:SQUare [<frequency>
<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)
Example SOUR1:APPL:SQU 2KHZ,MAX,MAX
202
APPENDIX

Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:RAMP Command
Description Outputs a ramp wave from the selected channel

amplitude and offset can also be set. The
symmetry is set to 50%.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:RAMP [<frequency>
<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)
Example SOUR1:APPL:RAMP 2KHZ,MAX,MAX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:PULSe Command
Description Outputs a pulse waveform from the selected

channel when the command has executed.
Frequency, amplitude and offset can also be set.
Note The PW settings from the SOURce[1|2]:PULS:
WIDT command are preserved. Edge and pulse
width may be adjusted to supported levels.
Repetition rates will be approximated from the
frequency. For accurate repetition rates, the period
should be adjusted using the
SOURce[1|2]:PULS:PER command
Syntax SOUR[1|2]:APPLy:PULSe [<frequency> [,<amplitude>
[,<offset>] ]]
203
<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)

Example SOUR1:APPL:PULS 1KHZ,MIN,MAX
Sets frequency to 1kHz and sets the amplitude to
minimum and the and offset to the maximum.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:NOISe Command
Description Outputs Gaussian noise. Amplitude and offset can

also be set.
Note Frequency cannot be used with the noise function;
however a value (or DEFault) must be specified.
The frequency is remembered for the next function
used.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:NOISe [<frequency|DEFault>
Parameter <frequency> Not applicable
<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)
Example SOUR1:APPL:NOIS DEF, 3.0, 1.0
Sets the amplitude to 3 volts with an offset of 1
volt.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:USER Command
Description Outputs an arbitrary waveform from the selected

channel. The output is that specified from the
FUNC:USER command.
Note Frequency and amplitude cannot be used with the
DC function; however a value (or DEFault) must
be specified. The values are remembered for the
next function used.
204
APPENDIX
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy:USER [<frequency> [,<amplitude>

[,<offset>] ]]

<offset> -4.99V~4.99V (50Ω)
Example SOUR1:APPL:USER
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:APPLy? Command
Description Outputs a string with the current settings.

Note The string can be passed back appended to the
Apply Command.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:APPLy?
Return Parameter <string> Function, frequency,
amplitude, offset
Example SOUR1:APPL?
SIN +5.0000000000000E+03,+3.0000E+00,-2.50E+00
Returns a string with the current function and
parameters, Sine, 5kHz, 3 Vpp, -2.5V offset.
205
Output Commands
Unlike the Apply commands, the Output commands are low level
commands to program the function generator.
This section describes the low-level commands used to program the
function generator. Although the APPLy command provides the
most straightforward method to program the function generator, the
low-level commands give you more flexibility to change individual
parameters.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion Command
Description The FUNCtion command selects and outputs the

selected output. The User parameter outputs an
arbitrary waveform previously set by the
SOURce[1|2]:FUNC:USER command.
Note If the function mode is changed and the current
frequency setting is not supported by the new
mode, the frequency setting will be altered to next
highest value.
Vpp and Vrms or dBm amplitude values may have
different maximum values due to differences such
as crest factor. For example, if a 5Vrms square
wave is changed to a sinewave, then the Vrms is
automatically adjusted to 3.536.
The modulation, burst and sweep modes can only
be used with some of the basic waveforms. If a
mode is not supported, the conflicting mode will
be disabled. See the table below.
206
APPENDIX
Sine Square Ramp Pulse Noise ARB

AM      
FM      
PM      
FSK      
SUM      
SWEEP      
BURST      
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|
PULSe|NOISe| USER}
Example SOUR1:FUNC SIN
Sets the output as a sine function.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion?
Return Parameter SIN, SQU, RAMP, PULS, Returns the current output
NOIS, USER type.
Example SOUR1:FUNC?
SIN
Current output is sine.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency Command
Description The SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency command sets the

output freuquency for the selected channel. The
query command returns the current frequency
setting.
Note The maximum and minimum frequency depends
on the function mode.
Sine, Square 1μHz~25MHz
Ramp 1μHz~1MHz
Pulse 500μHz~25MHz
207
Noise Not applicable

User 1μHz~60MHz
If the function mode is changed and the current
frequency setting is not supported by the new
mode, the frequency setting will be altered to next
highest value.
The duty cycle of square waveforms depends on the
frequency settings.
1.0% to 99.0%(frequency≤100 KHz)
10% to 90% (100 KHz ≤ frequency ≤1MHz)
50% (frequency ≤ 25 MHz)
If the frequency is changed and the set duty cycle
cannot support the new frequency, the highest
duty cycle available at that frequency will be used.
A “settings conflict” error will result from the
above scenario.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency
{<frequency>|MINimum|MAXimum}
Example SOUR1:FREQ MAX
Sets the frequency to the maximum for the current
mode.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency?
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the frequency for
the current mode.
Example SOUR1:FREQ? MAX
+1.0000000000000E+06
The maximum frequency that can be set for the
current function is 1MHz.
208
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude Command
Description The SOURce[1|2]:AMPLitude command sets the

output amplitude for the selected channel. The
query command returns the current amplitude
settings.
Note The maximum and minimum amplitude depends

on the output termination. The default amplitude
for all functions is 100 mVpp (50Ω). If the
amplitude has been set and the output termination
is changed from 50Ω to high impedance, the
amplitude will double. Changing the output
termination from high impedance to 50Ω will half
the amplitude.
The offset and amplitude are related by the

following equation.
If the output termination is set to high impedance,

dBm units cannot be used. The units will default to
Vpp.
The output amplitude can be affected by the

function and unit chosen. Vpp and Vrms or dBm
values may have different maximum values due to
differences such as crest factor. For example, a
5Vrms square wave must be adjusted to 3.536
Vrms for a sine wave.
The amplitude units can be explicitly used each

time the SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude command is
used. Alternatively, the VOLT:UNIT command can
be used to set the amplitude units for all
commands.
209
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude {< amplitude>

|MINimum|MAXimum}
Example SOUR1:AMP MAX
Sets the amplitude to the maximum for the current
mode.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude? {MINimum|MAXimum}
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the amplitude for
the current mode.
Example SOUR1:AMP? MAX
+5.0000E+00
The maximum amplitude that can be set for the
current function is 5 volts.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:DCOffset Command
Description Sets or queries the DC offset for the current mode.

Note
The offset parameter can be set to MINimum,
MAXimum or DEFault. The default offset is 0
volts. The offset is limited by the output amplitude
as shown below.
If the output specified is out of range, the

maximum offset will be set.
The offset is also determined by the output
termination (50Ω or high impedance). If the offset
has been set and the output termination has
changed from 50Ω to high impedance, the offset
will double. Changing the output termination from
high impedance to 50Ω will half the offset.
210
APPENDIX
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:DCOffset {< offset>

|MINimum|MAXimum}
Example SOUR1:DCO MAX
Sets the offset to the maximum for the current
mode.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:DCOffset? {MINimum|MAXimum}
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the offset for the
current mode.
Example SOUR1:DCO?
+3.0000E+00
The offset for the current mode is set to +3 volts.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SQUare:DCYCle Command
Description Sets or queries the duty cycle for square waves

only. The setting is remembered if the function
mode is changed. The default duty cycle is 50%.
Note The duty cycle of square waveforms depend on the
frequency settings.
1.0% to 99.0%(frequency≤100 KHz)
10% to 90% (100 KHz ≤ frequency ≤1MHz)
50% (frequency ≤ 25 MHz)
If the frequency is changed and the set duty cycle

cannot support the new frequency, the highest
duty cycle available at that frequency will be used.
A “settings conflict” error will result from the
above scenario.
For square waveforms, the Apply command and

AM/FM modulation modes ignore the duty cycle
settings.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SQUare:DCYCle {< percent>
|MINimum|MAXimum}
211
Example SOUR1:SQU:DCYC MAX

Sets the duty cycle to the highest possible for the
current frequency.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SQUare:DCYCle?
{MINimum|MAXimum}
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the duty cycle as a
percentage.
Example SOUR1:SQU:DCYC?
+5.00E+01
The duty cycle is set 50%.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:RAMP:SYMMetry Command
Description Sets or queries the symmetry for ramp waves only.

The setting is remembered if the function mode is
changed. The default symmetry is 50%.
Note For ramp waveforms, the Apply command and
AM/FM modulation modes ignore the current
symmetry settings.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:RAMP:SYMMetry {< percent>
|MINimum|MAXimum}
Example SOUR1:RAMP:SYMM MAX
Sets the symmetry to the 100%.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:RAMP:SYMMetry?
{MINimum|MAXimum}
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the symmetry as a
percentage.
Example SOUR1:RAMP:SYMMetry?
+1.0000E+02
The symmetry is set as 100%.
212
APPENDIX
Source Specific
OUTPut[1|2] Command
Description Enables/Disables or queries the front panel output

from the selected channel. The default is set to off.
Note If the output is overloaded by an external voltage,
the output will turn off and an error message will
be displayed. The overload must first be removed
before the output can be turned on again with
output command.
Using the Apply command automatically sets the
front panel output to on.
Syntax OUTPut[1|2] {OFF|ON}
Example OUTP1 ON
Turns the channel 1 output on.
Query Syntax OUTPut[1|2]?
Return Parameter 1 ON
0 OFF
Example OUTP1?
1
The channel 1 output is currently on.
Source Specific
OUTPut[1|2]:LOAD Command
Description Sets or queries the output termination. Two

impedance settings can be chosen, DEFault (50Ω)
and INFinity (high impedance >10 kΩ).
The output termination is to be used as a reference
only. If the output termination is set 50Ω but the
actual load impedance is not 50Ω, then the
amplitude and offset will not be correct.
Note If the amplitude has been set and the output
termination is changed from 50Ω to high
impedance, the amplitude will double. Changing
213
the output termination from high impedance to

50Ω will half the amplitude.
dBm units cannot be used. The units will default to
Vpp.
Syntax OUTPut[1|2]:LOAD {DEFault|INFinity}
Example OUTP1:LOAD DEF
Sets the channel 1 output termination to 50Ω.
Query Syntax OUTPut[1|2]:LOAD?
Return Parameter DEF Default
INF INFinity
Example OUTP1:LOAD?
DEF
The output termination for channel 1 is set to 50Ω.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:VOLTage:UNIT Command
Description Sets or queries the output amplitude units. There

are three types of units: VPP, VRMS and DBM.
Note The units set with the VOLTage:UNIT command
will be used as the default unit for all amplitude
units unless a different unit is specifically used for
a command.
dBm units cannot be used. The Units will
automatically default to Vpp.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:VOLTage:UNIT {VPP|VRMS|DBM}
Example SOUR1:VOLT:UNIT VPP
Sets the amplitude units to Vpp.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:VOLTage:UNIT?
Return Parameter VPP Vpp
VRMS Vrms
214
APPENDIX
DBM dBm
Example SOUR1:VOLT:UNIT?
VPP
The amplitude units are set to Vpp.
215
Pulse Configuration Commands

The pulse chapter is used to control and output pulse waveforms.
Unlike the APPLy command, low level control is possible including
setting the rise time, fall time, period and pulse width.
Period
90% 90%
50% Pulse Width 50%
10% 10%
Rise time Fall time
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:PERiod Command
Description Sets or queries the pulse period. The default period

is 1 ms.
Note The pulse period must be greater than the pulse
width and edge time(1.6x) combined.
Pulse Width + (1.6 * Edge Time) < Period
If the edge time or pulse width are too great, they
will automatically be reduced to fit the period by
The PULSe:PERiod function will change the period
for all functions, not just for the pulse waveforms.
If a different function is chosen and the current
period is out of range, the period will be
automatically adjusted to suit the new function.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:PERiod
{<seconds>|MINimum|MAXimum}
Example SOUR1:PULS:PER MIN
Sets the period to the minimum time allowed.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:PERiod? [MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <seconds> 40ns~2000s
216
APPENDIX
Example SOUR1:PULS:PER?
+1.0000E+01
The period is set to 10 seconds.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:WIDTh Command
Description Sets or queries the pulse width. The default pulse

width is 100us.
The minimum pulse width is affected by the
period time. If the period is over 20 or 200 seconds,
then the minimum pulse width is 1us and 10us,
respectively.
Pulse width is defined as the time from the rising
to falling edges (at a threshold of 50%).
Note The pulse width cannot be less than the edge time
times 1.6.
Pulse Width > 1.6 * Edge Time
The pulse width must be less than the period
minus the edge time (x1.6).
Pulse Width < Period – (1.6 *Edge Time)
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:WIDTh
Example SOUR1:PULS:WIDT MAX
Sets the pulse width to the maximum allowed.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PULSe:WIDTh? [MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <seconds> 20 ns ~ 1999.9 seconds
Example SOUR1:PULS:WIDT? MIN
+8.0000E-09
The pulse width is set to 8 nanoseconds.
217
Amplitude Modulation (AM) Commands
AM Overview
To successfully create an AM waveform, the following commands

must be executed in order.
Enable AM 2. Turn on AM modulation using the

Modulation SOURce[1|2]: AM:STAT ON command
Configure Carrier 3. Use the APPLy command to select a carrier

waveform. Alternatively the equivalent FUNC,
FREQ, AMPl, and DCOffs commands can be
used to create a carrier waveform with a
designated frequency, amplitude and offset.
Select 4. Select an internal or external modulation source

Modulation using the SOURce[1|2]:AM:SOUR command.
Source
5. Use the SOURce[1|2]:AM:INT:FUNC
Select Shape command to select a sine, square, upramp,
dnramp or triangle modulating waveshape. For
internal sources only.
6. Set the modulating frequency using the

Set Modulating SOURce[1|2]: AM:INT:FREQ command. For
Frequency internal sources only.
7. Set the modulation depth using the

Set Modulation SOURce[1|2]: AM:DEPT command.
Depth
218
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AM:STATe Command
Description Sets or disables AM modulation. By default AM

modulation is disabled. AM modulation must be
enabled before setting other parameters.
Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if AM
modulation is enabled. As only one modulation is
allowed at any one time, other modulation modes
will be disabled when AM modulation is enabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:AM:STAT ON
Enables AM modulation.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:STATe?
Return Parameter 0 Disabled (OFF)
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:AM:STAT?
1
AM modulation mode is currently enabled.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AM:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the modulation source as internal

or external. Internal is the default modulation
source.
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the
maximum amplitude is +5V, and the minimum
amplitude is -5V.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal}
219
Example SOUR1:AM:SOUR EXT
Sets the modulation source to external.

Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:SOURce?
Return Parameter INT Internal
EXT External
Example SOUR1:AM:SOUR?
INT
The modulation source is set to internal.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FUNCtion Command
Description Sets the shape of the modulating waveform from

sine, square, triangle, upramp and dnramp. The
default shape is sine.
Note Square and triangle waveforms have a 50% duty
cycle. Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry of
100% and 0%, respectively.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FUNCtion
{SINusoid|SQUare|TRIangle|UPRamp|DNRamp}
Example SOUR1:AM:INT:FUNC SIN
Sets the AM modulating wave shape to sine.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FUNCtion?
Return Parameter SIN Sine UPRAMP Upramp
SQU Square DNRAMP Dnramp
TRI Triangle
Example SOUR1:AM:INT:FUNC?
SIN
The shape for the modulating waveform is Sine.
220
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency Command
Description Sets the frequency of the internal modulating

waveform only. The default frequency is 100Hz.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency
Parameter <frequency> 2 mHz~ 20 kHz
Example SOUR1:AM:INT:FREQ +1.0000E+02
Sets the modulating frequency to 100Hz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:INTernal:FREQuency?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the frequency in
Hz.
Example SOUR1:AM:INT:FREQ? MIN
+1.0000E+02
Returns the minimum frequency allowed.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:AM:DEPTh Command
Description Sets or queries the modulation depth for internal

sources only. The default is 100%.
Note The function generator will not output more than
±5V, regardless of the modulation depth.
The modulation depth of an external source is
controlled using the ±5V MOD INPUT terminal on
the rear panel, and not the
SOURce[1|2]:AM:DEPTh command.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:DEPTh {<depth in percent>
|MINimum|MAXimum}
Parameter <depth in percent> 0~120%
Example SOUR1:AM:DEPT 50
Sets the modulation depth to 50%.
221
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AM:DEPTh? [MINimum|MAXimum]

Return Parameter <NR3> Return the modulation
depth as a percentage.
Example SOUR1:AM:DEPT?
+1.0000E+02
The modulation depth is 100%.
222
APPENDIX
Frequency Modulation (FM) Commands
FM Overview
The following is an overview of the steps required to generate an

FM waveform.
Enable FM 1. Turn on FM modulation using the

Modulation SOURce[1|2]: FM:STAT ON command.

waveform. Alternatively, the FUNC, FREQ,
AMPl, and DCOffs commands can be used to
create a carrier waveform with a designated
frequency, amplitude and offset.

Modulation using the SOURce[1|2]:FM:SOUR command.
Source
4. Use the SOURce[1|2]:FM:INT:FUNC command
Select shape to select a sine, square, upramp, dnramp or
triangle modulating waveshape. For internal
sources only.

Set Modulating SOURce[1|2]: FM:INT:FREQ command. For
Frequency internal sources only.
6. Use the SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEV command to set

Set Peak
the frequency deviation.
Frequency
Deviation
223
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FM:STATe Command
Description Sets or disables FM modulation. By default FM

modulation is disabled. FM modulation must be
enabled before setting other parameters.
Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if FM
will be disabled when FM modulation is enabled.
Syntax SOUR[1|2]:FM:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:FM:STAT ON
Enables FM modulation.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:STATe?
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:FM:STAT?
1
FM modulation mode is currently enabled.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FM:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the modulation source as internal

or external. Internal is the default modulation
source.
modulation depth is set to 100%, then the
maximum amplitude is +5V, and the minimum
amplitude is -5V.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal}
224
APPENDIX
Example SOUR1:FM:SOUR EXT

Sets the modulation source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:SOURce?
EXT External
Example SOUR1:FM:SOUR?
INT
The modulation source is set to internal.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FUNCtion Command

cycle. Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry of
100% and 0%, respectively.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FUNCtion
Example SOUR1:FM:INT:FUNC SIN
Sets the FM modulating wave shape to sine.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FUNCtion?
TRI Triangle
Example SOUR1:FM:INT:FUNC?
SIN
225
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FREQuency Command
Description Sets the frequency of the internal modulating

waveform only. The default frequency is 10Hz.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FREQuency
Example SOUR1:FM:INT:FREQ 100
Sets the modulating frequency to 100Hz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:INTernal:FREQuency?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Hz.
Example SOUR1:FM:INT:FREQ? MAX
+2.0000E+04
Returns the maximum frequency allowed.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEViation Command
Description Sets or queries the peak frequency deviation of the

modulating waveform from the carrier waveform.
The default peak deviation is 100Hz.
The frequency deviation of external sources is
the rear panel. A positive signal (>0~+5V) will
increase the deviation (up to the set frequency
deviation), whilst a negative voltage will reduce
the deviation.
Note The relationship of peak deviation to modulating
frequency and carrier frequency is shown below.
Peak deviation = modulating frequency – carrier
frequency.
The carrier frequency must be greater than or
226
APPENDIX
equal to the peak deviation frequency. The sum of

the deviation and carrier frequency must not
exceed the maximum frequency for a specific
carrier shape. If an out of range deviation is set for
any of the above conditions, the deviation will be
automatically adjusted to the maximum value
allowed and an “out of range” error will be
generated.
For square wave carrier waveforms, the deviation
may cause the duty cycle frequency boundary to
be exceeded. In these conditions the duty cycle will
be adjusted to the maximum allowed and a
“settings conflict” error will be generated.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEViation {<peak deviation in
Hz>|MINimum|MAXimum}
Parameter <peak deviation in Hz> DC~25MHz
DC~15MHz(square)
DC~1MHz (Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FM:DEV MAX
Sets the frequency deviation to the maximum
value allowed.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEViation? [MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the frequency
deviation in Hz.
Example SOURce[1|2]:FM:DEViation? MAX
+1.0000E+01
Returns the maximum frequency deviation
allowed.
227
Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Commands
FSK Overview
The following is an overview of the steps required to generate an
FSK modulated waveform.
Enable FSK 1. Turn on FSK modulation using the

Modulation SOURce[1|2]: FSK:STAT ON command.

Select FSK Source 3. Select an internal or external modulation source

using the SOURce[1|2]:FSK:SOUR command.
4. Set the hop frequency using the

Select FSK HOP SOURce[1|2]:FSK:FREQ command.
Frequency
5. Use the SOURce[1|2]: FSK:INT:RATE
Set FSK Rate command to set the FSK rate. The FSK rate can
only be set for internal sources.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:STATe Command
Description Turns FSK Modulation on or off. By default FSK

modulation is off.
Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if FSK
will be disabled when FSK modulation is enabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:FSK:STAT ON
228
APPENDIX
Enables FSK modulation

Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:STATe?
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:FSK:STAT?
1
FSK modulation is currently enabled.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the FSK source as internal or

external. Internal is the default source.
Note If an external FSK source is selected, FSK rate is
controlled by the Trigger INPUT terminal on the
rear panel.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal}
Example SOUR1:FSK:SOUR EXT
Sets the FSK source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:SOURce?
EXT External
Example SOUR1:FSK:SOUR?
INT
The FSK source is set to internal.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:FREQuency Command
Description Sets the FSK hop frequency. The default hop

frequency is set to 100Hz.
Note For FSK, the modulating waveform is a square
wave with a duty cycle of 50%.
229
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:FREQuency
Parameter <frequency> 1 μHz~25MHz(sine)
1 μHz~15MHz(Square、
Pulse)
1 μHz~1MHz(Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FSK:FREQ +1.0000E+02
Sets the FSK hop frequency to to 100Hz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:FREQuency?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Hz.
Example SOUR1:FSK:FREQ? MAX
+2.5000E+06
Returns the maximum hop frequency allowed.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:INTernal:RATE Command
Description Sets or queries the FSK rate for internal sources

only.
Note External sources will ignore this command.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:INTernal:RATE {<rate in Hz>
|MINimum|MAXimum}
Parameter <rate in Hz> 2 mHz~100 kHz
Example SOUR1:FSK:INT:RATE MAX
Sets the rate to the maximum (100kHz).
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FSKey:INTernal:RATE?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the FSK rate in
Hz.
230
APPENDIX
Example SOUR1:FSK:INT:RATE? MAX

+1.0000E+05
Returns the maximum FSK rate allowed.
231
Phase Modulation (PM)Commands
PM Overview
The following is an overview of the steps required to generate a PM

modulated waveform.
Enable PM 1. Turn on PM modulation using the

Modulation SOURce[1|2]: PM:STATe ON command.


Modulation using the SOURce[1|2]:PM:SOUR command.
Source
4. Use the SOURce[1|2]: PM:INT:FUNC

Select SOURce[1|2]:PM:INT:FREQ command. For
Modulating internal sources only.
Frequency
6. Use the SOURce[1|2]:PM:DEV command to set
Set DEViation the phase DEViation.
232
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PM:STATe Command
Description Turns PM Modulation on or off. By default PM

modulation is off.
Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if PM
will be disabled when PM modulation is enabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:PM:STAT ON
Enables PM modulation
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:STATe?
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:PM:STAT?
1
PM modulation is currently enabled.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PM:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the PM source as internal or

Note If an external PM source is selected, the phase
modulation is controlled by the MOD INPUT
terminal on the rear panel.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal}
Example SOUR1:PM:SOUR EXT
Sets the PM source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:SOURce?
EXT External
233
Example SOUR1:PM:SOUR?
INT
The PM source is set to internal.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FUNction Command

cycle. Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry to
100% and 0%, respectively. .
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FUNction
Example SOUR1:PM:INT:FUN SIN
Sets the PM modulating wave shape to sine. .
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FUNction?
TRI Triangle
Example SOUR1:PM:INT:FUNC?
SIN
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FREQuency Command
Description Sets the modulating waveform frequency for

internal sources. The default frequency is set to
100Hz.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FREQuency
234
APPENDIX
Example SOUR1:PM:INT:FREQ MAX

Sets the frequency to the maximum value.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:INTernal:FREQuency?
Hz.
Example SOUR1:PM:INT:FREQ? MAX
+2.0000E+04
Returns the modulating frequency. (20kHz)
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:PM:DEViation Command
Description Sets or queries the phase deviation of the

modulating waveform from the carrier waveform.
The default phase deviation is 180°.
Note For external sources, the phase deviation is
controlled by the ±5V MOD Input terminal on the
rear panel. If the phase deviation is set to 180
degrees, then +5V represents a deviation of 180
degrees. A lower input voltage will decrease the
set phase deviation.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:DEViation {< phase>|minimum
|maximum}
Parameter <percent> 0°~360°
Example SOUR1:PM:DEViation +3.0000E+01
Sets the deviation to 30°.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PM:DEViation?
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the deviation .
Example SOUR1:PM:DEViation?
+3.0000E+01
The current deviation is 30°.
235
SUM Modulation (SUM) Commands
SUM Overview
The following is an overview of the steps required to generate a

SUM modulated waveform.
Enable SUM 1. Turn on SUM modulation using the

Modulation SOURce[1|2]: SUM:STATe ON command.


Modulation using the SOURce[1|2]:SUM:SOUR command.
Source
4. Use the SOURce[1|2]: SUM:INT:FUNC

Select SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INT:FREQ command. For
Modulating internal sources only.
Frequency
6. Use the SOURce[1|2]:SUM:AMPL command to
Set AMPL set the modulating amplitude.
236
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:STATe Command
Description Turns SUM Modulation on or off. By default SUM

modulation is off.
Note Burst or sweep mode will be disabled if SUM
will be disabled when SUM modulation is
enabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:SUM:STAT ON
Enables SUM modulation
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:STATe?
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:SUM:STAT?
ON
SUM modulation is currently enabled.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the SUM source as internal or

Note If an external SUM source is selected, the
amplitude is controlled by the MOD INPUT
terminal on the rear panel.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:SOURce {INTernal|EXTernal}
Example SOUR1:SUM:SOUR EXT
Sets the SUM source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:SOURce?
237
EXT External
Example SOUR1:SUM:SOUR?
INT
The SUM source is set to internal.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FUNction Command

cycle. Upramp and dnramp have a symmetry to
100% and 0%, respectively. .
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FUNction
Example SOUR1:SUM:INT:FUN SIN
Sets the SUM modulating wave shape to sine.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FUNction?
TRI Triangle
Example SOUR1:SUM:INT:FUNC?
SIN
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FREQuency Command
Description Sets the modulating waveform frequency for

internal sources. The default frequency is set to
100Hz.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FREQuency
238
APPENDIX

Example SOUR1:SUM:INT:FREQ MAX
Sets the frequency to the maximum value.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:INTernal:FREQuency?
Hz.
Example SOUR1:SUM:INT:FREQ? MAX
+2.0000E+04
Returns the modulating frequency (20kHz).
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SUM:AMPL Command
Description Sets or queries the amplitude of the modulating

waveform from the carrier waveform. The default
phase amplitude is 50%.
Note If an external SUM source is selected, the
amplitude of the modulated waveform is
the rear panel. A positive signal (>0~+5V) will
increase the AMPLitude (up to the set amplitude),
whilst a negative voltage will reduce the
amplitude.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:AMPL{< percent>|minimum
|maximum}
Parameter <percent> 0%~100%
Example SOUR1:SUM:AMPLitude +3.0000E+01
Sets the amplitude to 30%.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SUM:AMPLitude?
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the amplitude .
Example SOUR1:SUM:AMPLitude?
+3.0000E+01
The current amplitude is 30%.
239
Frequency Sweep Commands
Sweep Overview
Below shows the order in which commands must be executed to

perform a sweep.
Enable Sweep 1. Turn on Sweep mode modulation using the

Mode SOURce[1|2]: SWE:STAT ON command.
Select waveform 2. Use the APPLy command to select the

shape, amplitude waveform shape. Alternatively, the FUNC,
and offset FREQ, AMPl, and DCOffs commands can be
used to create a waveform with a designated
Select Sweep 3. Set the frequency boundaries by setting start

Boundaries and stop frequencies or by setting a center
frequency with a span.
Start~Stop Use the SOURce[1|2]:FREQ:STAR

and SOURce[1|2]:FREQ:STOP to
set the start and stop frequencies.
To sweep up or down, set the stop
frequency higher or lower than the
start frequency.
Span Use the SOURce[1|2]:FREQ:CENT

and SOURce[1|2]:FREQ:SPAN
commands to set the center
frequency and the frequency span.
To sweep up or down, set the span
as positive or negative.
Select Sweep 4. Choose Linear or Logarithmic spacing using

Mode the SOURce[1|2]:SWE:SPAC command.
240
APPENDIX
Select Sweep 5. Choose the sweep time using the

Time SOURce[1|2]:SWE:TIME command.
Select the sweep 6. Select an internal or external sweep trigger

trigger source source using the SOURce[1|2]:SOUR
command.
Select the marker
frequency 7. To output a marker frequency from the
trigger out, use The
SOURce[1|2]:MARK:FREQ command. To
enable marker frequency output, use the
SOURce[1|2]:MARK ON command.
The marker frequency can be set to a value within

the sweep span.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:STATe Command
Description Sets or disables Sweep mode. By default Sweep is

disabled. Sweep modulation must be enabled
before setting other parameters.
Note Any modulation modes or Burst mode will be
disabled if sweep mode is enabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:SWE:STAT ON
Enables sweep mode.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:STATe?
1 Enabled (ON)
Example SOUR1:SWE:STAT?
1
Sweep mode is currently enabled.
241
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STARt Command
Description Sets the start frequency of the sweep. 100Hz is the

default start frequency.
Note To sweep up or down, set the stop frequency
higher or lower than the start frequency.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STARt
Parameter <frequency> 1μHz~ 25MHz
1μHz~ 15MHz(Square)
1μHz~ 1MHz (Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FREQ:STAR +2.0000E+03
Sets the start frequency to 2kHz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STARt? [MINimum|
MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the start frequency
in Hz.
Example SOUR1:FREQ:STAR? MAX
+8.0000E+0
Returns the maximum start frequency allowed.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STOP Command
Description Sets the stop frequency of the sweep. 1 kHz is the

default start frequency.
Note To sweep up or down, set the stop frequency
higher or lower than the start frequency.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STOP
242
APPENDIX
Parameter <frequency> 1μHz~ 25MHz

1μHz~ 15MHz(Square)
1μHz~ 1MHz (Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FREQ:STOP +2.0000E+03
Sets the stop frequency to 2kHz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:STOP? [MINimum|
MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the stop frequency
in Hz.
Example SOUR1:FREQ:STOP? MAX
+8.0000E+00
Returns the maximum stop frequency allowed.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:CENTer Command
Description Sets and queries the center frequency of the sweep.

550 Hz is the default center frequency.
Note The maximum center frequency depends on the
sweep span and maximum frequency:
max center freq = max freq – span/2
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:CENTer
Parameter <frequency> 450Hz~ 25MHz
450Hz~ 15MHz(Square)
450Hz~ 1MHz (Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FREQ:CENT +2.0000E+03
Sets the center frequency to 2kHz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:CENTer? [MINimum|
MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the stop frequency
in Hz.
243
Example SOUR1:FREQ:CENT? MAX

+8.0000E+00
Returns the maximum center frequency allowed,
depending on the span.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:SPAN Command
Description Sets and queries the frequency span of the sweep.

900 Hz is the default frequency span. The span
frequency is equal to the stop-start frequencies.
Note To sweep up or down, set the span as positive or
negative.
The maximum span frequency has a relationship
to the center frequency and maximum frequency:
max freq span= 2(max freq – center freq)
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:SPAN
Parameter <frequency> +/-1μHz~+/- 25MHz
+/-1μHz~+/-15MHz(Squa)
+/-1μHz~ +/-1MHz
(Ramp)
Example SOUR1:FREQ:SPAN +2.0000E+03
Sets the frequency span to 2kHz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:SPAN? [MINimum|
MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the frequency
span in Hz.
Example SOUR1:FREQ:SPAN?
+2.0000E+03
Returns the frequency span for the current sweep.
244
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SPACing Command
Description Sets linear or logarithmic sweep spacing. The

default spacing is linear.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SPACing {LINear|LOGarithmic}
Example SOUR1:SWE:SPAC LIN
Sets the spacing to linear.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SPACing?
Return Parameter LIN Linear spacing
LOG Logarithmic spacing
Example SOUR1:SWE:SPAC?
LIN
The spacing is currently set as linear.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:TIME Command
Description Sets or queries the sweep time. The default sweep

time is 1 second.
Note The function generator automatically determines
the number of frequency points that are used for
the sweep based on the sweep time.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:TIME
Parameter <seconds> 1 ms ~ 500 s
Example SOUR1:SWE:TIME +1.0000E+00
Sets the sweep time to 1 second.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:TIME? {<seconds>|
MINimum|MAXimum}
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns sweep time in
seconds.
245
Example SOUR1:SWE:TIME?
+2.0000E+01
Returns the sweep time (20 seconds).
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:SWEep:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the trigger source as immediate

(internal), external or manual. Immediate (internal)
is the default trigger source. IMMediate will
constantly output a swept waveform. EXTernal
will output a swept waveform after each external
trigger pulse. Manual will ouput a swept
waveform after the trigger softkey is pressed.
Note If the APPLy command was used to create the
waveform shape, the source is automatically set to
IMMediate.
The *OPC/*OPC? command/query can be used to
signal the end of the sweep.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]: SWEep:SOURce {IMMediate|EXTernal|
MANual}
Example SOUR1: SWE:SOUR EXT
Sets the sweep source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]: SWEep:SOURce?
Return Parameter IMM Immediate
EXT External
MANual Manual
Example SOUR1:SWE:SOUR?
IMM
The sweep source is set to immediate.
246
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:MARKer:FREQuency Command
Description Sets or queries the marker frequency. The default

marker frequency is 550 Hz. The marker frequency
is used to output a trigger out signal from the
trigger terminal on the rear panel.
Note The marker frequency must be between the start
and stop frequencies. If the marker frequency is set
to a value that is out of the range, the marker
frequency will be set to the center frequency and a
“settings conflict” error will be generated.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:MARKer:FREQuency
Parameter <frequency> 1μHz ~ 25 MHz
1 μHz ~ 1 MHz (Ramp)
Example SOUR1:MARK:FREQ +1.0000E+03
Sets the marker frequency to 1 kHz.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:MARKer:FREQuency? [MINimum|
MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the marker
frequency in Hz.
Example SOUR1:MARK:FREQ? MAX
+1.0000E+03
Returns the marker frequency (1 kHz).
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:MARKer Command
Description Turns the marker frequency on or off. The default

is off.
Note MARKer ON The SYNC signal goes logically
high/low at the start of each
sweep and goes low/high at the
marker frequency.
247
MARKer OFF The SYNC signal turn off

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:MARKer {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:MARK ON
Enables the marker frequency.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:MARKer?
Return Parameter 0 Disabled
1 Enabled
Example SOUR1:MARK?
1
The marker frequency is enabled.
248
APPENDIX
Burst Mode Commands
Burst Mode Overview
Burst mode can be configured to use an internal trigger (N Cycle

mode) or an external trigger (Gate mode) using the Trigger INPUT
terminal on the rear panel. Using N Cycle mode, each time the
function generator receives a trigger, the function generator will
output a specified number of waveform cycles (burst). After the
burst, the function generator will wait for the next trigger before
outputting another burst. N Cycle is the default Burst mode.
The alternative to using a specified number of cycles, Gate mode
uses the external trigger to turn on or off the output. When the
Trigger INPUT signal is high*, waveforms are continuously output
(creating a burst). When the Trigger INPUT signal goes low*, the
waveforms will stop being output after the last waveform completes
its period. The voltage level of the output will remain equal to the
starting phase of the burst waveforms, ready for the signal to go
high* again.
*assuming the Trigger polarity is not inverted.
Only one burst mode can be used at any one time. The burst mode
depends on the source of the trigger (internal, external, manual) and
the source of the burst.
Function
Burst Mode & Source N Cycle* Cycle Phase
Triggered – IMMediate, BUS Available Available Available
Triggered - EXTernal, MANual Available Unused Available
Gated pulse - IMMediate Unused Unused Available
*burst count
249
The following is an overview of the steps required to generate a

burst waveform.
Enable Burst 1. Turn on Burst mode using the

Mode SOURce[1|2]:BURS:STAT ON command.
Configuration 2. Use the APPLy command to select a sine,

square, ramp, pulse burst waveform*.
Alternatively, the FUNC, FREQ, AMPl, and
DCOffs commands can be used to create the
burst waveform* with a designated frequency,
amplitude and offset.
*2 mHz minimum for internally triggered

bursts.
Choose
Triggered/Gated 3. Use the SOURce[1|2]: BURS:MODE
Mode command to select from triggered or gated
burst modes.
Set Burst Count
4. Use the SOURce[1|2]:BURS:NCYC command
to set the burst count. This command is only
for triggered burst mode only.
Set the burst
period 5. Use the SOURce[1|2]:BURS:INT:PER
command to set the burst period/cycle. This
command is only applicable for triggered
burst mode (internal trigger).
Set Burst Starting
Phase 6. Use the SOURce[1|2]:BURS:PHAS command
to set the burst starting phase.
Select the trigger
7. Use the SOURce[1|2]:BURS:TRIG:SOUR
command to select the trigger source for
triggered burst mode only.
250
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:STATe Command
Description Turns burst mode on or off. By default burst mode

is turned off.
Note When burst mode is turned on, sweep and any
modulation modes are disabled.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:STATe {OFF|ON}
Example SOUR1:BURS:STAT ON
Turns burst mode on.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:STATe?
1 Enabled
Example SOUR1:BURS:STAT?
0
Burst mode is off.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:MODE Command
Description Sets or queries the burst mode as gated or

triggered. The default burst mode is triggered.
Note The burst count, period, trigger source and any
manual trigger commands are ignored in gated
burst mode.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:MODE {TRIGgered|GATed}
Example SOUR1:BURS:MODE TRIG
Sets the burst mode to triggered.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:MODE?
Return Parameter TRIG Triggered mode
GAT Gated mode
251
Example SOUR1:BURS:MODE?
TRIG
The current burst mode is triggered.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:NCYCles Command
Description Sets or queries the number of cycles (burst count)

in triggered burst mode. The default number of
cycles is 1. The burst count is ignored in gated
mode.
Note If the trigger source is set to immediate, the
product of the burst period and waveform
frequency must be greater than the burst count:
Burst Period X Waveform frequency > burst count
If the burst count is too large, the burst period will
automatically be increased and a “Settings
conflict” error will be generated.
Only sine and square waves are allowed infinite
burst above 15 MHz.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:NCYCles{< # cycles>
|INFinity|MINimum |MAXimum}
Parameter <# cycles> 1~65535 cycles.
INFinity Sets the number to continuous.
MINimum Sets the number to minimum allowed.
MAXimum Sets the number to maximum allowed.
Example SOUR1:BURS:NCYCl INF
Sets the number of burst cycles to continuous
(infinite).
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:NCYCles? [MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the number of cycles.
INF INF is returned if the number of cycles
is continuous.
252
APPENDIX
Example SOUR1:BURS:NCYC?
+1.0000E+02
The burst cycles are set to 100.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:INTernal:PERiod Command
Description Sets or queries the burst period. Burst period

settings are only applicable when the trigger is set
to immediate. The default burst period is 10 ms.
During manual triggering, external triggering or
Gate burst mode, the burst period settings are
ignored.
Note The burst period must be long enough to output
the designated number of cycles for a selected
frequency.
Burst period > burst count/(waveform frequency
+ 200 ns)
If the period is too short, it is automatically
increased so that a burst can be continuously
output. A “data out of range” error will also be
generated.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:INTernal:PERiod
Parameter <seconds > 1 ms ~ 500 seconds
Example SOUR1:BURS:INT:PER +1.0000E+01
Sets the period to 10 seconds.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:INTernal:PERiod?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the burst period in seconds.
Example SOUR1:BURS:INT:PER?
+1.0000E+01
The burst period is 10 seconds.
253
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:PHASe Command
Description Sets or queries the starting phase for the burst. The
default phase is 0 degrees. At 0 degrees, sine
square and ramp waveforms are at 0 volts.
In gated burst mode, waveforms are continuously
output (burst) when the Trig signal is true. The
voltage level at the starting phase is used to
determine the voltage level of the signal in-
between bursts.
Note The phase command is not used with pulse
waveforms.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:PHASe
{<angle>|MINimum|MAXimum}
Parameter <angle> -360 ~ 360 degrees
Example SOUR1:BURS:PHAS MAX
Sets the phase to 360 degrees.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:PHASe? [MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NR3> Returns the phase angle in degrees.
Example SOUR1:BURS:PHAS?
+1.2000E+02
The burst phase is 120 degrees.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SOURce Command
Description Sets or queries the trigger source for triggered

burst mode. In trigged burst mode, a waveform
burst is output each time a trigger signal is
received and the number of cycles is determined
by the burst count.
There are three trigger sources for triggered burst
mode:
254
APPENDIX
Immediate A burst is output at a set

frequency determined by the burst
period.
External EXTernal will output a burst
waveform after each external
trigger pulse. Any additional
trigger pulse signals before the
end of the burst are ignored.
Manual Manual triggering will output a
burst waveform after the trigger
softkey is pressed.
Note If the APPLy command was used, the source is
automatically set to IMMediate.
The *OPC/*OPC? command/query can be used to
signal the end of the burst.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SOURce
{IMMediate|EXTernal|MANual}
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:SOUR EXT
Sets the burst trigger source to external.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SOURce?
Return Parameter IMM Immediate
EXT External
MANual Manual
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:SOUR?
IMM
The burst trigger source is set to immediate.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:DELay Command
Description The DELay command is used to insert a delay (in

seconds) before a burst is output. The delay starts
after a trigger is received. The default delay is 0
seconds.
255
Syntax SOURce[1|2]: BURSt:TRIGger:DELay

Parameter <seconds> 0~655350 nS
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:DEL +1.0000E+01
Sets the trigger delay to 10 seconds.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:DELay?
[MINimum|MAXimum]
Return Parameter <NRf> Delay in seconds
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:DEL ?
+1.0000E+01
The trigger delay is 10 seconds.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SLOPe Command
Description Sets or queries the trigger edge for externally

triggered bursts from the Trigger INPUT terminal
on the rear panel. By default the trigger is rising
edge (Positive).
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SLOPe
{POSitive|NEGative}
Parameter POSitive rising edge
NEGative falling edge
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:SLOP NEG
Sets the trigger slope to negative.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:SLOPe?
Return Parameter POS rising edge
NEG falling edge
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:SLOP ?
NEG
The trigger slope is negative.
256
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:MANual Command
Description This command is used to manually trigger a burst

waveform when the source trigger is set to manual
for the selected channel. This command is the
equivalent of pressing the trigger soft-key on the
front panel for manual triggering.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:TRIGger:MANual
Example SOUR1:BURS:TRIG:MAN
Manually triggers the burst waveform.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:GATE:POLarity Command
Description In gated mode, the function generator will output

a waveform continuously while the external
trigger receives logically true signal from the
Trigger INPUT terminal. Normally a signal is
logically true when it is high. The logical level can
be inverted so that a low signal is considered true.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:GATE:POLarity
{NORMal|INVertes}
Parameter NORMal Logically high
INVertes Logically low
Example SOUR1:BURS:GATE:POL INV
Sets the state to logically low (inverted).
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:GATE:POLarity?
Return Parameter NORM Normal(High) logical level
INV Inverted (low) logical level
Example SOUR1:BURS:GATE:POL?
INV
The true state is inverted(logically low).
257
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:OUTPut:TRIGger:SLOPe Command
Description Sets or queries the trigger edge of the trigger
output signal. The signal is output from the trigger
out terminal on the rear panel. The default trigger
output slope is positive.
Immediate 50% duty cycle square wave is
output at the start of each burst.
External Trigger output disabled.
Gated mode Trigger output disabled.
Manual A >1 ms pulse is output at the
start of each burst.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:OUTPut:TRIGger:SLOPe
{POSitive|NEGative}
Parameter POSitive Rising edge.
NEGative Falling edge.
Example SOUR1:BURS:OUTP:TRIG:SLOP POS
Sets the trigger output signal slope to positive
(rising edge).
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:OUTPut:TRIGger:SLOPe?
Return Parameter POS Rising edge.
NEG Falling edge.
Example SOUR1:BURS:OUTP:TRIG:SLOP?
POS
The trigger output signal slope to positive.
258
APPENDIX
Source Specific
OUTPut[1|2]:TRIGger Command
Description Sets or queries the trigger output signal on or off.

By default the signal is disabled. When enabled, a
TTL compatible square wave is output.
Syntax OUTPut[1|2]:TRIGger {OFF|ON}
Parameter OFF Turns the output off.
ON Turns the output on.
Example OUTP1:TRIG ON
Turns the output on.
Query Syntax OUTPut[1|2]:TRIGger?
1 Enabled
Query Example OUTP1:TRIG?
1
The trigger output is enabled.
259
Arbitrary Waveform Commands
Arbitrary Waveform Overview
Use the steps below to output an arbitrary waveform over the

remote interface.
Output Arbitrary 1. Use the SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion USER

Waveform command to output the arbitrary waveform
currently selected in memory.
Select Waveform 2. Use the APPLy command to select frequency,

Frequency, amplitude and DC offset. Alternatively, the
amplitude and FUNC, FREQ, AMPl, and DCOffs commands
offset can be used.
Load Waveform 3. Waveform data (1 to 4096 points per

Data waveform) can be downloaded into volatile
memory using the SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC
command. Binary integer or decimal integer
values in the range of ± 511 can be used.
Set Waveform 4. The waveform rate is the product of the

Rate number of points in the waveform and the
waveform frequency.
Rate = Hz × # points
Range: Rate: 120MHz
Frequency: 60MHz
# points: 1~4096
260
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion USER Command
Description Use the SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion USER command

to output the arbitrary waveform currently
selected in memory. The waveform is output with
the current frequency, amplitude and offset
settings.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FUNCtion USER
Example SOUR1:FUNC USER
Selects and outputs the current waveform in
memory.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC Command
Description The SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC command is used

to download binary or decimal integer values into
memory using the IEEE-488.2 binary block format
or as an ordered list of values.
Note
The integer values (±511) correspond to the
maximum and minimum peak amplitudes of the
waveform. For instance, for a waveform with an
amplitude of 5Vpp (0 offset), the value 511is the
equivalent of 2.5 Volts. If the integer values do not
span the full output range, the peak amplitude will
be limited.
The IEEE-488.2 binary block format is comprised

of three parts:
# 7 2097152 1. Initialization character
(#)
12 3 2. Digit length (in ASCII) of
the number of bytes
3. Number of bytes
IEEE 488.2 uses two bytes to represent waveform
261
data (16 bit integer). Therefore the number of bytes

is always twice the number of data points.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC VOLATILE, <start>，
{<binary block>|<value>, <value>, . . . }
Parameter <start> Start address of the
arbitrary waveform
<binary block>
<value> Decimal or integer values
±511
Example SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC VOLATILE, #210 Binary Data
The command above downloads 5 data values
(stored in 16 bytes) using the binary block format.
SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC VOLATILE, 1000, 511, 200, 0,
-200, -511
Downloads the data values (511, 200, 0, -200, -511)
to address 1000.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:COPY Command
Description Copies a segment of a waveform to a specific

starting address.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:COPY
[<start>[,<length>[,<paste>]]]
Parameter <start> Start address: 0~4095
<length> 1 ~ 4096
<paste> Paste address: 0~4095
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:COPY 1000, 256, 1257
Copies 256 data values starting at address 1000
and copies them to address 1257.
262
APPENDIX
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete Command
Description Deletes a segment of a waveform from memory.

The segment is defined by a starting address and
length.
Note A waveform/waveform segment cannot be
deleted when output.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete [<STARt>[,<LENGth>]]
Parameter <STARt> Start address: 0~4095
<LENGth> 1 ~ 4096
Example SOURce1:ARB:EDIT:DEL 1000, 256
Deletes a section of 256 data points from the
waveform starting at address 1000.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete:ALL Command
Description Deletes all user-defined waveforms from non-

volatile memory and the current waveform in
volatile memory.
Note A waveform cannot be deleted when output.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:DELete:ALL
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:DEL:ALL
Deletes all user waveforms from memory.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:POINt Command
Description Edit a point on the arbitrary waveform.

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:POINt [<address> [, <data>]]
Parameter <address> Address of data point:
0~4095
263
<data> Value data: ± 511

Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:POIN 1000, 511
Creates a point on the arbitrary waveform at
address 1000 with the highest amplitude.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:LINE Command
Description Edit a line on the arbitrary waveform. The line is

created with a starting address and data point and
a finishing address and data point.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:LINE
[<address1>[,<data>[,<address2>[,<data2>]]]]
Parameter <addrress1> Address of data point1:
0~4095
<data1> Value data2: ± 511
<address2> Address of data point2:
0~4095
<data2> Value data2: ± 511
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:LINE 40, 50, 100, 50
Creates a line on the arbitrary waveform at 40,50 to
100,50.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect Command
Description Protects a segment of the arbitrary waveform from

deletion or editing.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect
[<STARt>[,<LENGth>]
Parameter <STARt> Start address: 0~4095
<LENGth> 1 ~ 4096
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:PROT 40, 50
264
APPENDIX
Protects a segment of the waveform from address

40 for 50 data points.
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect:ALL Command
Description Protects the arbitrary waveform currently in non-

volatile memory/ currently being output.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:PROTect:ALL
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:PROT:ALL
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:UNProtect Command
Description Uprotects the arbitrary waveform currently in non-

volatile memory/currently being output.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:EDIT:UNProtect
Example SOUR1:ARB:EDIT:UNP
Source Specific
SOURce[1|2]:ARB:OUTPut Command
Description Output the current arbitrary waveform in volatile

memory. A specified start and length can also be
designated.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:ARB:OUTPut [<STARt>[,<LENGth>]]
Parameter <STARt> Start address*: 0~4096
<LENGth> Length*: 0 ~ 4096
* Start + Length ≤ currently output arbitrary waveform
Example SOUR1:ARB:OUTP 20,200
Outputs the current arbitrary waveform in
memory.
265
COUNTER
The frequency counter function can be turned on remotely to control
the frequency counter.
Instrument
COUNTER:STATE Command
Description Turns the frequency counter function on or off.

Syntax COUNter:STATe {ON|OFF}
Example COUNter:STATe ON
Turns the frequency counter on
Query Syntax COUNter:STATe?
0 OFF
Example COUNter:STATe?
1
Turns on the frequency counter.
Instrument
COUNter:GATe Command
Description Sets the gate time for the frequency counter.

Syntax COUNter:GATe {0.01|0.1|1|10}
Example COUNter:GATe 1
Sets the gate time to 1S.
Syntax COUNter:GATe? {max|min}
Example COUNter:GATe?
1
Returns the gate time: 1S.
266
APPENDIX
Instrument
COUNter:VALue? Command
Description Returns the current value from the frequency

counter.
Syntax COUNter:VALue?
Example COUNter:VALue?
+5.00E+02
Returns the frequency as 500Hz.
PHASE
The phase command remotely controls the phase and channel
synchronization.
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:PHASe Command
Description Sets the phase.

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PHASe {<phase>|<MIN>|<MAX>}
Parameter phase -180~180
min Sets the phase to the minimum
value.
max Sets the phase to the maxium
value.
Example SOURce1:PHASe 25
Sets the phase of channel 1 to 25°.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PHASe? {MAX|MIN}
Return Parameter phase Returns the current phase.
Example SOURce1:PHASe?
26
Returns the phase of channel 1 as 26°.
267
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:PHASe:SYNChronize Command
Description Sychronizes the phase of channel 1 and channel 2.

SOURce1 or SOURce2 has not effect on this
command.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:PHASe:SYNChronize
Example SOURce1:PHASe:SYNChronize
Synchronizes the phase of channel 1 and channel 2.
COUPLE
The Couple commands can be used to remotely set the frequency
coupling and amplitude coupling.
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE Command
Description Set the frequency coupling mode.

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE
{Off|Offset|Ratio}
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE Offset

Sets the frequency coupling mode to offset.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE？
Return Parameter Off Disables frequency coupling.
Offset Set frequency coupling to offset mode.
Ratio Sets frequency coupling to ratio mode.
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:MODE？
Off
Frequency coupling is turned off.
268
APPENDIX
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet Command
Description Sets the offset frequency when the frequency

coupling mode is set to offset.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet {frequency}
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet 2khz
Sets the offset frequency to 2kHz (the frequency of
CH2 minus CH1 is 2kHz).
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet?
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:OFFSet?
+2.0000E+03
The offset of channel 2 from channel 1 is 2kHz.
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio Command
Description Sets the frequency coupling ratio when frequency

coupling is set to ratio mode.
Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio {ratio}
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio 2
Set the CH2 to CH1 frequency ratio to 2.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio?
Example SOURce1:FREQuency:COUPle:RATio?
+2.0000E+00
Returns the CH2 to CH1 frequency ratio as 2.
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe Command
Description Enables or disables the amplitude coupling.

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe
{ON|Off}
269
Example SOURce1:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe on
Description Turns amplitude coupling on.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe?
0 Off
Example SOURce1:AMPlitude:COUPle:STATe?
1
Amplitude coupling has been enabled.
Instrument
SOURce[1|2]:TRACk Command
Description Turns tracking on or off.

Syntax SOURce[1|2]:TRACk {ON|OFF|INVerted}
Example SOURce1:TRACk ON
Turns tracking on. Channel 2 will “track” the
changes of channel 1.
Query Syntax SOURce[1|2]:TRACk?
Return Parameter ON ON
OFF OFF
INV INVerted
Example SOURce1:TRACk?
ON
Channel tracking is turned on.
270
APPENDIX
Save and Recall Commands

Up to 10 different instrument states can be stored to non-volatile
memory (memory locations 0~9).
Instrument
*SAV Command
Description Saves the current instrument state to a specified

save slot. When a state is saved, all the current
instrument settings, functions and waveforms are
also saved.
Note The *SAV command doesn’t save waveforms in
non-volatile memory, only the instrument state.
The *RST command will not delete saved
instrument states from memory.
Syntax *SAV {0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9}
Example *SAV 0
Save the instrument state to memory location 0.
Instrument
*RCL Command
Description Recall previously saved instrument states from

memory locations 0~9.
Syntax *RCL {0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9}
Example *RCL 0
Recall instrument state from memory location 0.
Instrument
MEMory:STATe:DELete Command
Description Delete memory from a specified memory location.

Syntax MEMory:STATe:DELete {0|1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9}
Example MEM:STAT:DEL 0
271
Delete instrument state （ARB+Setting） from

memory location 0.
Instrument
MEMory:STATe:DELete ALL Command
Description Delete memory from all memory locations, 0~9.

Syntax MEMory:STATe:DELete ALL
Example MEM:STAT:DEL ALL
Deletes all the instrument states from memory
locations 0~9.
272
APPENDIX
Error Messages
The AFG-2225 has a number of specific error codes. Use the
SYSTem:ERRor command to recall the error codes. For more
information regarding the error queue.
Command Error Codes

-101 Invalid character
An invalid character was used in the command
string. Example: #, $, %.
SOURce1:AM:DEPTh MIN%
-102 Syntax error
Invalid syntax was used in the command string.
Example: An unexpected character may have been
encountered, like an unexpected space.
SOURce1:APPL:SQUare , 1
-103 Invalid separator
An invalid separator was used in the command
string. Example: a space, comma or colon was
incorrectly used.
APPL:SIN 1 1000 OR SOURce1:APPL:SQUare
-108 Parameter not allowed
The command received more parameters than were
expected. Example: An extra (not needed) parameter
was added to a command
SOURce1:APPL? 10
-109 Missing parameter
The command received less parameters than
expected. Example: A required parameter was
omitted.
SOURce1:APPL:SQUare .
273
-112 Program mnemonic too long

A command header contains more than 12
characters:
OUTP:SYNCHRONIZATION ON
-113 Undefined header
An undefined header was encountered. The header
is syntactically correct. Example: the header contains
a character mistake.
SOUR1:AMM:DEPT MIN
-123 Exponent too large
Numeric exponent exceeds 32,000. Example:
SOURce[1|2]:BURSt:NCYCles 1E34000
-124 Too many digits
The mantissa (excluding leading 0’s) contains more
than 255 digits.
-128 Numeric data not allowed
An unexpected numeric character was received in
the command. Example: a numeric parameter is
used instead of a character string.
SOURce1:BURSt:MODE 123
-131 Invalid suffix
An invalid suffix was used. Example: An unknown
or incorrect suffix may have been used with a
parameter.
SOURce1:SWEep:TIME 0.5 SECS
-138 Suffix not allowed
A suffix was used where none were expected.
Example: Using a suffix when not allowed.
SOURce1:BURSt: NCYCles 12 CYC
-148 Character data not allowed
A parameter was used in the command where not
allowed. Example: A discrete parameter was used
where a numeric parameter was expected.
SOUR1:MARK:FREQ ON
274
APPENDIX
-158 String data not allowed

An unexpected character string was used where
none were expected. Example: A character string is
used instead of a valid parameter.
SOURce1:SWEep:SPACing ’TEN’
-161 Invalid block data
Invalid block data was received. Example: The
number of bytes sent with the
SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC command doesn’t
correlate to the number of bytes specified in the
block header.
-168 Block data not allowed
Block data was received where block data is not
allowed. Example:
SOURce1:BURSt: NCYCles #10
-170~178 expression errors
Example: The mathematical expression used was not
valid.
Execution Errors
-211 Settings conflict;infinite burst changed trigger source to MANual

Example: The trigger source is changed to
Immediate from manual when infinite burst mode is
selected.
-223 Settings conflict;frequency forced duty cycle change
Example: If the frequency is changed and the current
Duty cannot be supported at the new frequency ,the
Duty will be automatically adjusted.
275
-221 Settings conflict; frequency reduced for ramp function

Example: When the function is changed to ramp,the
Output frequency is automatically reduced if over
range.
-221 Settings conflict; when amplitude coupling,the other channel can’t
be set to “power”units
Example: The dBm units can not be used when
amplitude coupling, the other channel uses high_z
load
-221 Settings conflict; coupling has forced tracking off.
Example: When coupling mode is enabled,tracking
mode is automatically disabled.
-221 Settings conflict;trace mode doesn’t support ARB
Example: When ARB mode is enabled,tracking mode
is automatically disabled.
-221 Settings conflict;The phase function doesn’t support ARB,square
wave pulse waveforms.
Example:The phase function doesn’t support ARB.
-221 Settings conflict;Burst function can not be performed under current
setting
Example: A burst waveform cannot be generated
with the noise or pulse waveforms.
-221 Settings conflict;Sweep function can not be performed under
current setting.
Example: A sweep waveform cannot be generated
with the noise or pulse waveforms.
-221 Settings conflict;Noise and ARB don’t support frequency coupling
Example: The frequency coupling waveform can not
be generated with the noise or ARB waveforms.
276
APPENDIX
-221 Settings conflict;Arb doesn’t support phase operation in burst

mode.
Example: When burst mode is enabled,the
parameter of phase can not be change.
-221 Settings conflict;Sweep mode doesn’t support frequency coupling
Example:When modulation mode is
enabled,amplitude coupling mode is automatically
disabled.
-221 Settings conflict;Burst mode doesn’t support frequency coupling.
Example: When burst mode is enabled,amplitude
coupling mode is automatically disabled.
-221 Settings conflict;Modulation mode doesn’t support frequency
coupling.
Example: When modulation is enabled,frequency
coupling is automatically disabled.
-221 Settings conflict;Tracking has forced coupling off.
Example: When tracking mode is enabled,coupling
-221 Settings conflict; Coupling can not be performed under current
setting
Example: When sweep mode is enabled,coupling
-221 Settings conflict;The dBm units can not used,when load is high_z.
Example: The dBm units can not be used when the
load is high_z.
-221 Settings conflict;value clipped to upper limit.
Example: The parameter was set out of range. The
parameter is automatically set to the maximum
value allowed.
277
-221 Settings conflict;modulation function can not be performed under

current setting.
Example: A modulated waveform cannot be
generated with the noise or pulse waveforms.
-222 Data out of range;value clipped to lower limit
Example: The parameter was set out of range.The
parameter is automatically set to the minimum value
allowed.
-222 Data out of range;amplitude
Example: If the amplitude was set to a value out of
range ,it is automatically set to an upper or lower
limit.
-222 Data out of range;offset
Example: If the offset is set to a value out of range,it
is automatically set to an upper of lower limit.
-222 Data out of range;burst count
Example: If the burst count was set to a value out of
range, it is automatically set to an upper or lower
limit.
-222 Data out of range;FM deviation clipped to upper limit
Example: If the FM dev was set to a value out of
range, it is automatically set to an upper or lower
limit.
-222 Data out of range;Pulse width limited by period
Example: If the width was set to a value out of
range,it is automatically set to an upper or lower
limit.
-222 Data out of range;frequency
Example: If the frequency was set to a value out of
range,it is automatically set to an upper or lower
limit.
278
APPENDIX
Query Errors
-410 Query INTERRUPTED

Indicates that a command was received but the data
in the output buffer from a previous command was
lost.
-420 Query UNTERMINATED
The function generator is ready to return data,
however there was no data in the output buffer. For
example: Using the APPLy command.
-430 Query DEADLOCKED
Indicates that a command generates more data than
the output buffer can receive and the input buffer is
full. The command will finish execution, though all
the data won’t be kept.
Arbitrary Waveform Errors
-770 Nonvolatile arb waveform memory corruption detected

Indicates that a fault (check sum error) has occurred
with the non-volatile memory that stores the
arbitrary waveform data.
-781 Not enough memory to store new arb waveform; bad sectors
Indicates that a fault (bad sectors) has occurred with
the non-volatile memory that stores the arbitrary
waveform data. Resulting in not enough memory to
store arbitrary data.
-787 Not able to delete the currently selected active arb waveform
Example: The currently selected waveform is being
output and cannot be deleted.
279
800 Block length must be even

Example: As block data (SOURce[1|2]:DATA:DAC
VOLATILE) uses two bytes to store each data point,
there must be an even number or bytes for a data
block.
280
APPENDIX
SCPI Status Register

The status registers are used to record and determine the status of
The function generator has a number of register groups:
Questionable Status Registers
Standard Event Status Registers
Status Byte Register
As well as the output and error queues.
Each register group is divided into three types of registers: condition

registers, event registers and enable registers.
Register types
Condition The condition registers indicate the state of the

Register function generator in real time. The condition
registers are not triggered. I.e., the bits in the
condition register change in real time with the
instrument status. Reading a condition register
will not clear it. The condition registers cannot be
cleared or set.
Event Register The Event Registers indicate if an event has been
triggered in the condition registers. The event
registers are latched and will remain set unless the
*CLS command is used. Reading an event register
will not clear it.
Enable Register The Enable register determines which status
event(s) are enabled. Any status events that are not
enabled are ignored. Enabled events are used to
summarize the status of that register group.
281
AFG-2225 Status System

Questionable Status Register
Condition Event Enable

0 Volt Ovld 0 <1>
1 1 <2>
2 2 <4>
3 3 <8>
4 Over Temp 4 <16>
5 Loop Unlock 5 <32>
6 6 <64> Error Queue
7 Ext Mod Ovld 7 <128> OR
8 Cal Error 8 <256> + 1
9 External Ref 9 <512>

10 10 <1024>
11 11 <2048>
12 12 <4096>
20
13 13 <8192>
14 14 <16384>
15 15 NOT USED
bit weight
Status Byte Register
Condition Enable
Output Buffer 0 <1>
1 <2>
1
2 <4>
3 <8> OR
4 <16> +
5 <32>
6
20
7 <128>
bit weight
Summary Bit (RQS)
Standard Event Register
Event Enable
0 Operation Complete 0 <1>
1 1 <2>
2 Query Error 2 <4>
3 Device Error 3 <8>
4 Execution Error 4 <16> + OR
5 Command Error 5 <32>
6 6 <64>
7 Power On 7 <128>
bit weight
282
APPENDIX
Questionable Status Register
Description The Questionable Status Registers will show if any

faults or errors have occurred.
Bit Summary Register Bit Bit Weight
Voltage overload 0 1
Over temperature 4 16
Loop unlock 5 32
Ext Mod Overload 7 128
Cal Error 8 256
External Reference 9 512
Standard Event Status Registers
Description The Standard Event Status Registers indicate when

the *OPC command has been executed or whether
any programming errors have occurred.
Notes The Standard Event Status Enable register is

cleared when the *ESE 0 command is used.
The Standard Event Status Event register is cleared
when the *CLS command or the *ESR? command is
used.
283

Operation complete bit 0 1
Query Error 2 4
Device Error 3 8
Execution Error 4 16
Command Error 5 32
Power On 7 128
Error Bits Operation The operation complete bit is set
complete when all selected pending
operations are complete. This bit is
set in response to the *OPC
command.
Query Error The Query Error bit is set when
there is an error reading the Output
Queue. This can be caused by trying
to read the Output Queue when
there is no data present.
Device Error The Device Dependent Error
indicates a failure of the self-test,
calibration, memory or other device
dependent error.
Execution The Execution bit indicates an
Error execution error has occurred.
Command The Command Error bit is set when
Error a syntax error has occurred.
Power On Power has been reset.
284
APPENDIX
The Status Byte Register
Description The Status Byte register consolidates the status

events of all the status registers. The Status Byte
register can be read with the *STB? query or a
serial poll and can be cleared with the *CLS
command.
Clearing the events in any of the status registers
will clear the corresponding bit in the Status Byte
register.
Notes The Status byte enable register is cleared when the
*SRE 0 command is used.
The Status Byte Condition register is cleared when
the *CLS command is used.
Error Queue 2 4
Questionable Data 3 8
Message Available 4 16
Standard Event 5 32
Master Summary / 6 64
Request Service
Status Bits Error Queue There are error message(s) waiting
in the error queue.
Questionable The Questionable bit is set when
data an “enabled” questionable event
has occurred.
Message The Message Available bit is set
Available when there is outstanding data in
the Output Queue. Reading all
messages in the output queue will
clear the message available bit.
285
Standard Event The Event Status bit is set if an

“enabled” event in the Standard
Event Status Event Register has
occurred.
Master The Master Summary Status is
Summary/ used with the *STB? query. When
Service the *STB? query is read the MSS
Request bit bit is not cleared.
The Request Service bit is cleared
when it is polled during a serial
poll.
Output Queue
Description The Output queue stores output messages in a

FIFO buffer until read. If the Output Queue has
data, the MAV bit in the Status Byte Register is set.
Error Queue
Description The error queue is queried using the

SYSTem:ERRor? command. The Error queue will
set the “Error Queue“ bit in the status byte register
if there are any error messages in the error queue.
If the error queue is full the last message will
generate a “Queue overflow” error and additional
errors will not be stored. If the error queue is
empty, “No error” will be returned.
Error messages are stored in the error queue in a

first-in-first-out order. The errors messages are
character strings that can contain up to 255
characters.
286
APPENDIX
APPENDIX
AFG-2225 Specifications
The specifications apply when the function generator is powered on
for at least 30 minutes under +18°C~+28°C.
AFG-2225 models CH1 CH2
Waveforms Sine, Square, Ramp, Pulse, Noise, ARB
Arbitrary Functions(1)
Sample Rate 120 MSa/s
Repetition Rate 60MHz
Waveform Length 4k points
Amplitude 10 bits
Resolution
Non-Volatile 4k points
Memory
Frequency Characteristics
Range Sine 1uHz~25MHz
Square 1uHz~25MHz
Ramp 1MHz
Resolution 1uHz
Accuracy Stability ±20 ppm
Aging ±1 ppm, per 1 year
Tolerance ≤1 mHz
Output Characteristics
Amplitude Range 1mVpp to 10 Vpp (into 50Ω)
2mVpp to 20 Vpp (open-circuit)
1mVpp to 5 Vpp (into 50Ω) for 20MHz-
25MHz
2mVpp to 10 Vpp (open-circuit) for 20MHz-
25MHz
Accuracy ±2% of setting ±1 mVpp
(at 1 kHz)
Resolution 1mV or 3 digits
Flatness ±1% (0.1dB) ≤100kHz
±3% (0.3 dB) ≤5MHz
±5% (0.4 dB) ≤12MHz
±10%(0.9dB) ≤25MHz
(sine wave relative to 1kHz)
Units Vpp, Vrms, dBm
287
Offset Range ±5 Vpk ac +dc (into 50Ω)

±10Vpk ac +dc (Open circuit)
±2.5 Vpk ac +dc (into 50Ω) for 20MHz-25MHz
±5Vpk ac +dc (Open circuit) for 20MHz-
25MHz
Accuracy 2% of setting + 10mV+ 0.5% of amplitude
Waveform Output Impedance 50Ω typical (fixed)
> 10MΩ (output disabled)
Protection Short-circuit protected
Overload relay automatically disables main
output
Sine wave
Characteristics
Harmonic ≤-55 dBc DC ~ 200kHz, Ampl > 0.1Vpp
distortion ≤-50 dBc 200kHz ~ 1MHz, Ampl > 0.1Vpp
≤-35 dBc 1MHz ~ 5MHz, Ampl > 0.1Vpp
≤-30 dBc 5MHz ~ 25MHz, Ampl > 0.1Vpp
Square wave
Characteristics
Rise/Fall Time ≤25ns at maximum output.
(into 50 Ω load)
Overshoot 5%
Asymmetry 1% of period +5 ns
Variable duty Cycle 1.0% to 99.0% ≤100kHz
10% to 90% ≤ 1MHz
50% ≤ 25MHz
Ramp Characteristics
Linearity < 0.1% of peak output
Variable Symmetry 0% to 100% (0.1% Resolution)
Pulse Characteristics
Period 40ns~2000s
Pulse Width（2） 20ns~1999.9s
Overshoot <5%
Accuracy 0.1%+20ns
Jitter 20ppm +10ns
AM Modulation
Carrier Waveforms Sine, Square, Ramp, Sine, Square, Ramp,
Pulse,Arb Pulse,Arb
Modulating Sine, Square, Triangle, Sine, Square, Triangle,
Waveforms Upramp, Dnramp Upramp, Dnramp
Modulating 2mHz to 2mHz to
Frequency 20kHz (Int) 20kHz (Int)
DC to 20kHz (Ext) DC to 20kHz (Ext)
Depth 0% to 120.0% 0% to 120.0%
Source Internal / External Internal / External
FM Modulation
Carrier Waveforms Sine, Square, Ramp, Sine, Square, Ramp,
288
APPENDIX
Modulating 2mHz to 2mHz to

Peak Deviation DC to Max Frequency DC to Max Frequency
Sweep
Waveforms Sine, Square, Ramp, Sine, Square, Ramp,
Type Linear or Logarithmic Linear or Logarithmic

Start/Stop Freq 1uHz to Max 1uHz to Max
Frequency Frequency
Sweep Time 1ms to 500s 1ms to 500s
Source Internal / Internal /
External/Manual External/Manual
FSK
Carrier Waveforms Sine, Square, Sine, Square,
Ramp,Pulse Ramp,Pulse
Modulating 50% duty cycle square 50% duty cycle square
Waveforms
Modulation Rate 2mHz to 100 kHz 2mHz to 100 kHz
(INT) (INT)
DC to 100 kHz(EXT) DC to 100 kHz(EXT)
Frequency Range 1uHz to Max 1uHz to Max
Frequency Frequency
PM
Carrier Waveforms Sine, Square, Ramp Sine, Square, Ramp
Modulation 2mHz to 2mHz to
Phase deviation 0˚ to 360˚ 0˚ to 360˚
SUM
Carrier Waveforms Sine, Square, Sine, Square,
Ramp,Pulse,Noise Ramp,Pulse,Noise
Waveforms Upramp,Dnramp Upramp,Dnramp
Modulation 2mHz to 2mHz to
SUM 0% to 100.0% 0% to 100.0%
Depth
External Trigger Input
Type For FSK, Burst, Sweep
Input Level TTL Compatibility
Slope Rising or Falling(Selectable)
Pulse Width >100ns
Input Impedance 10kΩ，DC coupled
289
External Modulation Input

Type For AM, FM, PM, SUM
Voltage Range ±5V full scale
Input Impedance 10kΩ
Frequency DC to 20kHz
Trigger Output
Type For Burst, Sweep, Arb
Level TTL Compatible into 50Ω
Pulse Width >450ns
Maximum Rate 1MHz
Fan-out ≥4 TTL Load
Impedance 50Ω Typical
Dual Channel Function
Phase（3） -180˚ ~180˚ -180˚ ~ 180˚
Synchronize phase Synchronize phase

Track CH2=CH1 CH1=CH2
Coupling Frequency(Ratio or Frequency(Ratio or
Difference) Difference)
Amplitude & DC Amplitude & DC
Offset Offset
Dsolink √ √
Burst
Waveforms Sine, Squa, Ramp,Arb Sine, Squa,Ramp,Arb
Frequency（4） 1uHz~15 MHz 1uHz~15 MHz
Burst Count 1 to 65535 cycles or 1 to 65535 cycles or

Infinite Infinite
Start/Stop Phase -360 to +360 -360 to +360
Internal Period 1ms to 500s 1ms to 500s
Gate Source External Trigger External Trigger
Trigger Source Single, External or Single, External or
Internal Rate Internal Rate
Trigger Delay N-Cycle, Infinite 0s to 655350ns 0s to 655350ns
Frequency Counter
Range 5Hz to 150MHz
Accuracy Time Base accuracy±1count
Time Base ±20ppm (23˚C ±5˚C) after 30 minutes warm
up
Resolution The maximum resolution is:
100nHz for 1Hz, 0.1Hz for 100MHz.
Input Impedance 1kΩ/1pf
Sensitivity 35mVrms ~ 30Vms (5Hz to 150MHz)
Save/Recall 10 Groups of Setting Memories
Interface USB (Host&Device)
Display TFT
General Specifications
Power Source AC100~240V, 50~60Hz
Power Consumption 25 W (Max)
290
APPENDIX
Operating Temperature to satisfy the specification : 18 ~

Environment 28˚C
Operating temperature :
0 ~ 40˚C
Relative Humidity:
＜ 80%, 0 ~ 40˚C
Installation category： CAT II
Operating Altitude 2000 Meters
Storage Temperature -10~70˚C, Humidity: ≤70%
Dimensions 266(W) x 107(H) x 293(D) mm
(WxHxD)
Weight Approx. 2.5kg
Accessories GTL-101× 2
Quick Start Guide ×1
CD (user manual + software) ×1
Power cord×1
(1) Filter bandwidth 20MHz -3Db.
（2）Pulse amplitude will decrease when pulse width is <50ns
（3）Square and Pulse can not be change, Phase is 0°

（4） 1uHz~15 MHz(Sine) 1uHz~15 MHz(Sine)
1uHz~15 MHz (Squa) 1uHz~15 MHz (Squa)
1uHz~1 MHz (Ramp) 1uHz~1 MHz (Ramp)
291
EC Declaration of Conformity
We
GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT CO., LTD.
No.7-1, Jhongsing Rd., Tucheng Dist., New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
GOOD WILL INSTRUMENT (SUZHOU) CO., LTD.
No. 69, Lushan Road, Suzhou New District Jiangsu, China
declares that the below mentioned product
AFG-2225
Are herewith confirmed to comply with the requirements set out in the
Council Directive on the Approximation of the Law of Member States
relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility (2004/108/EC) and Low
Voltage Equipment Directive (2006/95/EC). For the evaluation
regarding the Electromagnetic Compatibility and Low Voltage
Equipment Directive, the following standards were applied:
◎ EMC
EN 61326-1: Electrical equipment for measurement, control and
EN 61326-2-1: laboratory use –– EMC requirements (2006)
Conducted and Radiated Emissions Electrostatic Discharge
EN 55011: 2009+A1:2010 （Class A) IEC 61000-4-2: 2008
Current Harmonic Radiated Immunity
EN 61000-3-2: 2006+A2:2009 IEC 61000-4-3: 2010
Voltage Fluctuation Electrical Fast Transients
EN 61000-3-3: 2008 IEC 61000-4-4: 2012
Surge Immunity
-------------------------
IEC 61000-4-5: 2005
Conducted Susceptibility
-------------------------
IEC 61000-4-6: 2008
Power Frequency Magnetic Field
-------------------------
IEC 61000-4-8: 2009
Voltage Dips/ Interrupts
-------------------------
IEC 61000-4-11: 2004
◎ Safety
Low Voltage Equipment Directive 2006/95/EC
Safety Requirements
EN 61010-1: 2010
292
APPENDIX
Commmon
Absatan y=|atan(x)|
The absolute of atan(x)
Abssin y=|sin(x)|
The absolute of sin(x)
Abssinehalf y=sin(x),0<x<pi
y=0,pi<x<2pi
Half_wave function
Ampalt y=e(x).sin(x)
Oscillation rise
Attalt y=e(-x).sin(x)
Oscillation down
Diric Even
f(x)=-1^(x*(n-1)/2*pi)
x=0,±2*pi,±4*pi,……
293
Diric Odd
f(x)=sin(nx/2)/n*sin(x/2)
x=±pi,±3pi，……
Gauspuls f(x)=a*e^(-(x-b)^2)/c^2)
Gaussian-modulated sinusoidal
pulse
Havercosine y=(1-sin(x))/2
The havercosine function
Haversin y=(1-cos(x))/2
The haversine function
N_pulse Negative pulse
Negramp y=-x
Line segment
294
APPENDIX
Rectpuls Sampled aperiodic rectangle
Roundhalf y=sqrt(1-x^2)
The half roud
Sawtoot Sawtooth or triangle wave
Sinetra Piecewise function
Sinever Piecewise function
Stair_down Step down
295
Stair_ud Step up and step down
Stair_up Step up
Stepresp Heaviside step function
Traperia Piecewise function
Tripuls Sampled aperiodic triangle
296
APPENDIX
Math
Arccos The basic trigonometric function
Arccot The basic trigonometric function
Arccsc The basic trigonometric function
Arcsec The basic trigonometric function
Arcsin The basic trigonometric function
Arcsinh The basic trigonometric function
297
Arctan The basic trigonometric function
Arctanh The basic trigonometric function
Cosh The basic trigonometric function
Cot The basic trigonometric function
Csc The basic trigonometric function
Dlorentz The derivative of the lorentz

function . y=-
2x/(k*x^2+1)
298
APPENDIX
Expofall The exponential decay
Exporise The exponential rise
Gauss A waveform representing a

gaussian bell curve
Ln The logarithm function
Lorentz The derivative of the lorentz

function y=1/(k*x^2+1)
Sec The basic trigonometric function
299
Sech The basic trigonometric function
Sinec y=sin(x)/x
Sinh The basic trigonometric function
Sqrt y=sqrt(x)
Tan The basic trigonometric function
Tanh The basic trigonometric function
300
APPENDIX
Xsquare Parabola
301
Window
Barthannwin Modified Bartlett-Hann window
Bartlett The Bartlett window is very

similar to a triangular window
as returned by the triang
function.
Blackman The blackman window function
Bohmanwin The bohman window function
Chebyshev The chebyshev window function
Flattopwin The flattopwin window function
302
APPENDIX
Hamming The hamming window function
Hann The hann window function
Hanning The hanning window function
Kaiser The kaiser window function
Triang The triang window function
Tukeywin The tukey window function
303
Engineer
Airy The airy function
Bessel The bessel function
Beta The beta function
Gamm The gamma function
Legendre Associated Legendre

functions
Neumann The neumann function
304
APPENDIX
INDEX
AM commands ......................... 218 Frequency counter ................... 137
Amplitude counter .................. 140 Frequency counter commands266
Apply commands .................... 200 Frequency coupling ................. 138
ARB commands ....................... 260 Front panel diagram .................. 13
ARB error messages ................ 279 FSK commands......................... 228
Arbitrary waveforms............... 147 Function keys
display .......................................... 150 key overview ................................. 13
edit ................................................ 159 Fuse replacement
output ........................................... 169 safety instruction ............................ 8
protection ..................................... 166 Ground
save and load .............................. 171 symbol .............................................. 6
Beeper ........................................ 137 Help menu .................................. 25
Burst commands ...................... 249 lin sweep ................................... 113
Caution symbol ............................ 6 List of features ............................ 11
Channel Settings ...................... 143 log sweep .................................. 113
Channel tracking...................... 141 Menu Tree ................................... 44
Cleaning the instrument ............. 8 Modulation ................................. 64
Command error codes ............ 273 AM .................................................. 66
Command list ........................... 189 carrier frequency ..................... 68
Coupling commands ............... 268 carrier shape ............................. 67
Declaration of conformity ....... 292 depth ......................................... 72
Default settings .......................... 52 frequency .................................. 70
shape ......................................... 69
Digital inputs
source ........................................ 73
how to use...................................... 23
amplitude..................................... 105
Display Burst.............................................. 118
diagram .......................................... 18 count ........................................ 121
Disposal delay ........................................ 128
symbol .............................................. 7 frequency ................................ 120
Disposal instructions ................... 9 modes ...................................... 119
DSO link .................................... 146 output ...................................... 129
EN61010 period ...................................... 123
measurement category .................. 7 phase ....................................... 125
pollution degree.............................. 9 trigger ...................................... 126
Environment carrier frequency ........................ 102
safety instructions .......................... 8 carrier wave ................................. 101
Error messages ......................... 273 FM ................................................... 75
carrier frequency ..................... 77
FM commands.......................... 223
305
carrier shape ............................. 76 safety instruction ............................ 7

deviation ................................... 81 Power up..................................... 20
frequency .................................. 79 Pulse configuration commands
shape.......................................... 78 ............................................... 216
source ........................................ 82
Query Errors ............................. 279
frequency ..................................... 104
FSK .................................................. 84 Quick reference .......................... 21
carrier frequency ..................... 86 ARB ................................................. 37
carrier shape ............................. 85 burst ................................................ 35
hop frequency .......................... 87 coupling ......................................... 42
rate ............................................. 88 frequency counter......................... 41
source ........................................ 90 modulation .................................... 29
PM ................................................... 91 selecting a waveform ................... 27
carrier frequency ..................... 93 sweep .............................................. 34
carrier shape ............................. 93 utility .............................................. 40
deviation ................................... 97 Rear panel diagram ................... 16
frequency .................................. 95 Remote control ......................... 180
shape.......................................... 94 interface configuration .............. 181
source ........................................ 98 Remote interface
source ........................................... 106 Error messages ............................ 273
SUM .............................................. 100 functionality check ..................... 182
Sweep ........................................... 108 SCPI registers .............................. 281
marker ..................................... 115 screen lock ................................... 182
mode ........................................ 113 Syntax ........................................... 184
span ......................................... 111 terminal connection ................... 182
start .......................................... 109 Save and recall ......................... 132
stop .......................................... 109 Save and Recall commands .... 271
time .......................................... 114 SCPI registers ........................... 281
trigger ...................................... 117
Screen lock ................................ 182
wave.............................................. 103
Secondary System Settings ..... 131
Operation.................................... 54
System and Settings ................... 136
Amplitude...................................... 62
Frequency ...................................... 60 Service operation
Noise Wave ................................... 59 about disassembly .......................... 7
Offset .............................................. 63 Set output impedance ............. 143
Pulse width .................................... 57 Setting up the instrument ......... 19
Ramp .............................................. 58 software download .................. 182
select waveform ............................ 55 Specifications ............................ 287
Sine.................................................. 55 Status register commands....... 196
Square ............................................. 56 SUM commands....................... 236
Operation keys Sweep commands .................... 240
key overview ................................. 13
System commands ................... 193
Output commands .................. 206
UK power cord........................... 10
Output phase ........................... 144
Updating Firmware ................. 136
Phase commands ..................... 267
USB
Phase sync ................................ 145 remote control interface ............ 181
PM commands ......................... 232 Warning symbol .......................... 6
Power on/off
306
INDEX
307

Arbitrary Function Generator: User Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arbitrary Function Generator: User Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arbitrary Function Generator: User Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Arbitrary Function Generator

ISO-9001 CERTIFIED MANUFACTURER

The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing.

Good Will Instrument Co., Ltd.

GETTING STARTED ........................................ 11

QUICK REFERENCE ....................................... 21

Burst Mode ..................................................................... 118

SECONDARY SYSTEM FUNCTION SETTINGS

CHANNEL SETTINGS .................................. 143

ARBITRARY WAVEFORMS ............................ 147

REMOTE INTERFACE ................................... 180

SUM Modulation (SUM) Commands .............................. 236

APPENDIX .................................................... 287

INDEX .......................................................... 305

Warning: Identifies conditions or practices that

Caution: Identifies conditions or practices that

DANGER High Voltage

Attention: Refer to the Manual

Protective Conductor Terminal

Earth (Ground) Terminal

DANGER Hot Surface

Do not dispose electronic equipment as unsorted

General  Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.

Power Supply  AC Input voltage: 100 ~ 240V AC, 50 ~ 60Hz.

Fuse  Fuse type: F1A/250V.

(Pollution Degree) EN 61010-1:2010specifies pollution degrees and

Storage  Location: Indoor

Power cord for the United Kingdom

NOTE: This lead/appliance must only be wired by competent persons

WARNING: THIS APPLIANCE MUST BE EARTHED

 Int/Ext AM, FM, PM, FSK, SUM modulation

LCD Display Function keys, Scroll Wheel Arrow keys

LCD Display TFT color display, 320 x 240 resolution.

The UTIL key is used to access the

Preset Key The preset key is used to recall a

Power Button Turns the power on or off.

Arrow Keys Used to select digits when editing

Scroll Wheel The scroll wheel is used to edit

Power socket input Fan Input Terminals

USB Host port USB Device port Trigger output

Trigger Input Trigger MOD

Trigger Output Trigger MOD

Power Input Power input: 100~240V AC

USB Host Host

USB Device Device

Counter Input Trigger MOD

MOD Input Trigger MOD

Parameter The Parameter display and edit window.

Setting Up the function Generator

Adjusting the Pull out the handle AFG-2225

Handle sideways and rotate

Place the AFG-2225

Or tilt the stand.

Place the handle

Power Up 1. Connect the power cord to

2. Turn on the power switch

3. When the power switch is turned on the screen

The function generator is now ready to be used.

How to use the Digital Inputs ........................................... 23