22

Analysis of the 5th group ppt:

To the ppt add about 1ml of dil. Presence of (Ba2+/

1 The ppt dissolves.
acetic acid and gently heat it. Ca2+)

A white ppt is obtained.

Test for Calcium Filter.To the residue add a
To the solution add drop of Conc. HCl. Take the
Presence of Calcium is
2 about 1ml of ammonium sulphate residue and introduce near
Confirmed
the Bunsen flame.A crimson
red colour is seen

If no ppt is obtained, to the

solution add about 1ml of
potassium ferrocyanide and Presence of Calcium is
shake it. A pale yellow ppt Confirmed
appears.

Result:
The Anion Present : CARBONATE
The cation Present : CALCIUM
The Given simple salt : CALCIUM CARBONATE

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT- X [BARIUM CHLORIDE]

S NO Experiment Observation Inference
Analysis of anions
Colour: Absence of copper,
1 Note the colour of the salt Colourless
Iron salts
Action of heat:
2. A small amount of a salt is heated in No Characteristic Change Absence of Zinc,
a test tube Occurs Ammonium, Nitrate

Flame test:
Small amount of salt + A drop of Presence of Barium
Conc. HCl ,form a paste. Take the Apple green Colour is salt
3. paste at the charred end of the Observed.
splinter and introduce it near the
Bunsen flame

Action of dil. HCl:

Small amount of salt + 1ml of dil. HCl No Charactristic gas Absence of
4. . Gently heat it evolves Carbonate,Nitrate,
Sulphide

Action of Conc.H2SO4:
A colourless gas evolves. It
Small amount of a salt in a dry test
gives a dense white fumes
tube + Conc. H2SO4 and gently heat
5 when a glass rod dipped in Prsence of Chloride
it
liquid ammonia is brought
close to its mouth
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Action of MnO2 and Conc. H2SO4:
Small amount of salt in a dry test A greenish yellow gas turning
tube + pinch of MnO2 + starch iodide paper blue
6 Prsence of Chloride
evolves
Conc.H2SO4 and gently heat it

Action of Conc. H2SO4 and copper

turning: small amount of salt in a dry
test tube + few copper turnings + No reddish brown gas
7. Absence of Nitrate.
Conc. H2SO4. Gently heat it evolves

Action of dil. NaOH solution: Small

amont of a salt + dil.NaOH solution No Characteristic gas is Absence of ammonium
8.
and gently heat it. Observed. salt

Chromyl chloride test:

Small amount of salt in + a pinch of
potassium dichromate and three
drops Conc. H2SO4.Gently heat it.
9 Pass the vapours into dilute sodium A yellow ppt is obtained Presence of chloride.
hydroxide solution. If a yellow
solution is obtained, add dil. Acetic
acid and lead acetate

Analysis with Sodium carbonate extract

Preparation of Sodium carbonate extract
Take 1g of the given salt + 3g of solid sodium carbonate + 20g of distilled water. Boil the solution
for few mins, filter.The filtrate is called sodium carbonate extract.

Test for halides:

1 ml of sodium carbonate extract A curdy white ppt
insoluble in dil. Ammonia is
10. +dil. HNO3 + 1ml of AgNO3, and Presence of chloride
shake it formed

Test with barium chloride:

One ml of the sodium carbonate
11 extract + dil. Aceticacid + 1ml of No white ppt is obtained Absence of sulphate
bariumchloride solution and shake

Test with leadacetate:

1ml of the sodium carbonate extract,
12 + 1ml of dil acetic acid and heat it + 1 No white ppt is obtained Absence of sulphate
ml of Lead Acetate
Brown ring test:
1ml of the sodium carbonate extract
+ dil.H2SO4 + freshly prepared
13 ferrous sulphate solution then add No brown ring is formed Absence of Nitrate
Conc. H2SO4 along the sides of the
test tube.
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Ammonium molybdate test:
1 ml of the extract + dil HNO3 + about
No canary yellow ppt is
14 1ml each of ammonium molybdate Absence of Phosphate
formed.
and Conc. HNO3

Test with sodium nitrobruside:

1ml of the sodium carbonate extract
15 + 1ml of dil .aommonia. + few drops No purple or violet Absence of sulphide.
of sodium nitro bruside. colouration appears

Preparation of salt solution:

To a small amount of salt in a test tube add 2 to 3ml of water, shake it and gently heat it. This
solution is called “original solution”.
GROUP 0
1ml of the original salt solution add No chocolate brown ppt is
1 about 1mL each of Nessler’s reagent obtained. Absence of ammonium
and NaOH.

GROUP I
Take about 1 ml of the salt solution in Absence of 1st group
2 a test tube Add about 1mL of dil HCl, No White ppt is formed.
metal ions (Pb2+)
and shake it

GROUP II
To the above solution pass H2S gas. Absence of 2nd group
3 No Black ppt is formed
metal ions (Cu2+)

GROUP III To about 1ml of the salt

solution add about 1ml each of Absence of 3rd group
4 NH4Cl, NH4OH and shake it well No ppt is obtained metal ions (Al3+ / Fe3+)

GROUP IV To the above solution

Absence of 4 th group
pass (H2S) gas
5 No dirty white ppt is obtained metal ion (Zn2+)

GROUP V To the salt solution add

Presence of 5th group
1ml each of NH4Cl, NH4OH and
6 A white ppt is obtained metal ions (Ba2+/ Ca2+)
(NH4)2CO3 and shake it well.

Analysis of the 5th group ppt:

To the ppt add about 1ml of dil. Presence of (Ba2+/

1 The ppt dissolves.
acetic acid and gently heat it. Ca2+)
 www.nammakalvi.org 25

Test for Barium.

To the solution add about 1ml of A yellow ppt is obtained.
potassium chromate Filter To the residue add a
drop of Conc. HCl. Take a
portion of the paste and Presence of Barium is
2
introduce near the Bunsen Confirmed
flame. A transient green is
imparted to the flame

Result:
The Anion Present : CHLORIDE
The cation Present : BARIUM
The Given simple salt : BARIUM CHLORIDE

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SALT- XI [MAGNESIUM SULPHATE]

S NO Experiment Observation Inference

Analysis of anions
Colour: Absence of copper,
1 Note the colour of the salt Colourless
Iron salts
Action of heat:
2. A small amount of a salt is heated in No Characteristic Change Absence of Zinc,
a test tube Occurs Ammonium, Nitrate

Flame test:
Small amount of salt + A drop of
Conc. HCl ,form a paste. Take the No Characteristic flame Absence of Copper,
3. paste at the charred end of the Colour is Observed. Barium, Calcium
splinter and introduce it near the
Bunsen flame

Action of dil. HCl: Absence of

4. Small amount of salt + 1ml of dil. HCl No Charactristic gas evolves Carbonate,Nitrate,
. Gently heat it Sulphide
Action of Conc.H2SO4:
Small amount of a salt in a dry test Absence of Chloride,
5 tube + Conc. H2SO4 and gently heat No Charactristic gas evolves Bromide, Nitrate
it

Action of MnO2 and Conc. H2SO4:

Small amount of salt in a dry test
tube + pinch of MnO2 + No Characteristic Gas is Absence of chloride,
6
evolved. bromide
Conc.H2SO4 and gently heat it

Action of Conc. H2SO4 and copper

turning: small amount of salt in a dry
test tube + few copper turnings + No reddish brown gas
7. Absence of nitrate.
Conc. H2SO4. Gently heat it evolves

Action of dil. NaOH solution: Small

amont of a salt + dil.NaOH solution No Characteristic gas is Absence of ammonium
8.
and gently heat it. Observed. salt