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Muscles of Upper Limb

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11 views47 pages

Muscles of Upper Limb

Uploaded by

kerentaj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Muscles of upper limb

FLEXORS OF ARM
coracobrachialis
coracobrachialis
• Nerve supply- musculocutaneous nerve before
it pierces the muscle
• Action - weak flexor of shoulder joint
coracobrachialis
Bicipital aponeurosis
Functions
• Protection
• Fixes the median
cubital vein
Deltoid
FLEXORS OF FOREARM
Flexor compartment/ Front of
forearm
• Front of forearm
• Content:
a. Muscles- 5 superficial & 3 deep
b. Vessels- radial & ulnar arteries
c. Nerves- median , ulnar & radial
Muscles
• Superficial muscles : 5 in no
a. All arise from medial epicondyle of humerus
b. All pass anterior to elbow joint & are thus weak
flexors of elbow joint
c. All are supplied by median nerve except flexor carpi
ulnaris

• Deep muscles : 3 in no
a. Arise from ulna & radius
b. Supplied by median nerve except medial half of flexor
digitorum profundus
Superficial muscles
• Common origin: front
of medial epicondyle
of humerus

• Includes:
1. Pronator teres
2. Flexor carpi radialis
3. Palmaris longus
4. Flexor digitorum
superficialis
5. Flexor carpi ulnaris
Superficial muscles
1. Pronator teres
• Origin : humeral head -medial
epicondyle
ulnar head – medial margin of
coronoid process

• Insertion : middle 1/3rd lateral


surface of radius

• Nerve supply: median nerve

• Action : pronation of forearm


Flexor carpi radialis
• Origin : medial
epicondyle of humerus

• Insertion : bases of 2nd &


3rd metacarpal bones

• Nerve supply : median N

• Action : flexion &


abduction of hand at
wrist joint
Palmaris longus
• Origin : medial
epicondyle of humerus

• Insertion : flexor
retinaculum & palmar
aponeurosis

• Nerve supply : median N

• Action : flexor of wrist


joint
Flexor digitorum superficialis (sublimis)
• Origin :
a. humero-ulnar head -medial
epicondyle of humerus, medial
margin of coronoid process of
ulna,
b. radial head- ant oblique line of
shaft of radius

• Insertion : 4 tendons for medial 4


fingers; each tendon divides into 2
slips inserted to middle phalanx of
medial 4 digits

• Nerve supply : median N

• Action : flexion of proximal


interphalangeal joints
Flexor carpi ulnaris
• Origin :
a. humeral head -medial
epicondyle of humerus
b. ulnar head – medial
margin of olecranon
process, upper 2/3rd of
posterior border of ulna

• Insertion : pisiform, hook of


hamate, base of 5th
metacarpal

• Nerve supply : ulnar N

• Action : flexes & adducts


hand at wrist joint
Deep muscles of front of forearm
1. Flexor pollicis longus
2. Flexor digitorum profundus
3. Pronator quadratus
Deep flexor muscles
Flexor pollicis longus

• Origin : anterior surface


of shaft of radius,
interosseous membrane

• Insertion : palmar
surface base of distal
phalanx of thumb

• Nerve supply : median N

• Action : flexion of distal


phalanx of the thumb
Flexor digitorum profundus(hybrid muscle)
• Origin : upper 3/4th of ant & medial
surface of ulnar shaft and posterior
border, interosseous membrane, medial
surface of olecranon & coronoid process
of ulna

• Insertion : forms 4 tendons for medial 4


digits, opposite the proximal phalanx
perforates the tendon of FDS & is
inserted to palmar surface of base of
distal phalanx

• Nerve supply : medial half ulnar N,


lateral half median nerve

• Action : flexion of distal interphalangeal


joints of medial 4 digits

• It is the chief gripping muscle


Pronator quadratus
• Origin : lower 1/4th of
anterior surface of ulna

• Insertion :
a. superficial fibers- lower
1/4th of anterior surface of
radius
b. deep fibres- triangular
area above ulnar notch

• Nerve supply : anterior


interosseous nerve

• Action : pronator of forearm


Innervation of Forearm Muscles
Muscle Nerve
• Superficial Muscles
– Flexor digitorum superficialis Median
– Flexor carpi radialis Median
– Pronator teres Median
– Palmaris longus Median
– Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar
• Deep Muscles
– Flexor pollicis longus Median[AIN]
– Pronator quadratus AIN
– Flexor digitorum profundus Ulnar (med 1/2)
AIN (lat ½)
Overview
Posterior compartment of arm
• Triceps Brachii
• Radial nerve
• Profunda Brachii artery
Triceps Brachii
origin

• Long head: infraglenoid


tubercle of scapula

• Lateral head: oblique


ridge on the posterior
surface of humerus

• Medial head: posterior


surface of humerus
below the radial groove
Insertion
• Long & medial head form
superficial tendon & is inserted
to superior surface of olecranon
process

• Medial head : partly to


superficial tendon & partly to
olecranon process
Triceps
Nerve supply

• Each head receives a separate


branch from radial nerve

• Medial head receives 2


separate branches at 2 levels

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