Lesson 1: Understanding the Basic Concepts in ICT

Lesson Outcomes

1. Defined conceptually or operationally terms that are basic to the understanding of ICT
2. Used the concepts and terms in communicating with peers for further understanding

Which word are you familiar with? Mark the word with an X. How many have you identified?
Compare your performance with your classmate.

Let us explore various resources to have a clear understanding of this lesson. Let us
unpack some concepts and terms related to technology for teaching and learning. You can further
find more explanation in this book as you go along with your lessons or in other references in the
library or in the web.
Here are some terms and concepts that you need to know and understand.
1. Technology refers to a mix of process and product used in the application of
knowledge. It includes tools from pencil and paper to the latest electronic gadgets
and tools for practical tasks.
2. Information and Communication Technology Literacy or ICT Literacy
is the use of digital technology, communication tools and/or networks to access,
manage, integrate, evaluate, create and communicate information in order to function
in a knowledge society (Guro 21, 2011).
3. Educational Technology refers to the use of technology in teaching and learning.
Educational technology includes both the non-digital (flip charts, pictures, models,
realias, etc.) and digital (electronic tools: hardware, software and connections, etc.).
4. Digital Literacy is the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share and create contents using
information technologies and the Internet (Cornell University). According to American
 Library Association (2018), digital literacy is the ability to use information and
communication, requiring both cognitive and technical skills (hptts:// edweek.org.
downloaded 06- 03-18).
5. Digital learning is any type of learning that is accompanied by technology or by
instructional practice that makes effective use of technology. It encompasses the
application of a wide spectrum of practices which included blended or virtual learning.
It can come as online or off-line which utilizes digital technology.
6. On-line digital tools and apps use an Internet connection to access the information
needed. A common example is Skype. It is a telecommunication application software
product that specializes in providing video chat and voice calls between computers,
tablets, mobile devices via Internet and to regular telephones.
7. Off-line digital tools and apps can still be used even if there is no Internet access.
Among these are Canary Learning, Pocket, Evertone, ibooks, KA LITE (Gupta,
Prinyaka, 2017) downloaded in edtech review (July 03, 2017).
8. Instructional technology is the theory and practice of design, development, utilization,
management, and evaluation of the processes and resources for learning
(Association for Educational Communications and Technology, Seels, B.B. & Richey,
P. C. 1994).
9. Software refers to program control instructions and accompanying documentation;
stored on disks or tapes when not being used in the computer. By extensions the term
refers to any audiovisual materials (Smaldino, 2005).
10. Multimedia is a sequential or simultaneous use of a variety of media formats in a
given presentation or self-study program (Smaldino, 2005).
11. Internet is a massive network of networks, a networking infrastructure. It connects
millions of computers together globally, forming a network in which any computer
can communicate with any other computer as long as they are connected to the
Internet. It is generally defined as a global network connecting millions of computers
(littps://www•webopedia.com).
12. World Wide Web (www) is also called the Web which is a graphical environment on
computer networks that allows you to access, view and maintain documentations
that can include text, data, sound and videos. (Smaldino, 2005). It is a way of
accessing information over the medium of the Internet. It is an information sharing
model that is built on top of the Internet.
13. Web access is the ability of the learner to access the Internet at any point during the
lesson in order to take advantage of the array of available education resources.
14. Webquest is an inquiry-oriented lesson format in which most or all information that
learners work with comes from the web. These can be created using various
programs, including simple word processing documents that include links to
websites.
15. Productivity tools refer to any type of software associated with computers and related
technologies that can be used as tools for personal, professional or classroom
productivity. Examples: Microsoft Office, Apple works - word processing, grade and
record keeping, web page production, presentation) (KFIT-Unesco 2016)
16. Technology Tool is an instrument used for doing work. It can be anything that help
you accomplish your goal with th6 use of technology. These technology tools can be
classified as:
(a) Data/Calculation tools. Examples: spreadsheets, Excels, Sketchpads, probability
constructor
(b) Design tools. These are used to make models and designs, creating and building.
Included here are Family Tree Maker, GollyGee, and Crazy Machines among
others.
(c) Discussion tools. There are 4 different approaches that utilize discussion and
interaction in the Internet. These are threaded discussion forum, Blogging, Live
chat and Video Teleconferencing, Netiquette and Safety on the Net.
(d) Email tools. Emails are great communication tools for sending messages,
photographs, videos and other files. It allows you to reach out to others around
the world. Examples are Google mail, Ymail, Yahoo mail and many more.
(e) Handheld devices. Handheld devices have become popular among learners.
These include Personal Digital Assistants, global positioning system, (GPS) and
geographic information system (GIS) in the classroom, Portable electronic
keyboards, Digital Cameras, Mobile phones, Palm, Handheld computers,
17.Webquest is a teacher structured research experience for the students that is
primarily based on use of the World Wide Web and typically takes one or more
instructional periods (Bender & Wailer, 2011).
18. Blog is an online journal where posted information from both teachers and students
are arranged. There are three kinds of blogs: blogs used for communication, blogs
used for instruction, and blogs used for both (Ferriter & Garry, 2010).
19.Wiki, an editable website usually with limited access, allows students to
collaboratively create and post written work or digital files, such as digital photos or
videos. Wikipedia is one of the most widely recognized of all the wikis (Wafters,
2011).
20. Flipped classroom utilizes a reverse instructional delivery, where the teacher is
required to use the web resources as homework or out of class activity as initial
instruction of the lesson which will be discussed during class time.
21. Podcast is a video or audio multi-media clip about a single topic typically in the
format of the radio talk show. The two basic functions of podcast are to retrieve
information and to disseminate information (Eash, 2006).
22. Google Apps is a cloud-based teaching tool which is stored in the Google server
and is available for students both at home and in school. It includes the Gmail, a
free-email for all; Google calendar — a tool used for organizational purposes;
Google sites that provide options for developing blogs and wikis; and Google does
is used for sophisticated word processing and editing of the document.
23. Vlog is a video blog where each entry is posted as a video instead of the text.
24. Facebook is a popular social networking site used by students and adults worldwide
to present information on themselves and to the world.
25. VOIP (voice over Internet protocol) is a category of hardware and software that
enables people to use the Internet as transmission medium for telephone calls by
sending voice data in packets using IP rather than traditional circuit transmission.