DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND PAKISTAN

STUDIES
Faculty of Social Sciences

BS Pakistan Studies (5th Semester Intake)

Eligibility: At least 45% marks in graduation or equivalent
Duration: 02 Year Program (04 Semesters)
Degree Requirements: 69 Credit Hours

Semester-1
Independence Movement and the 3(3+0)
PKST-6201 Creation of Pakistan (1857-1947)
PKST-6202 Research Methodology 3(3+0)
Political and Constitutional 3(3+0)
PKST-6203 Developments in Pakistan (1947-71)
PKST-6204 Geography of Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6205 Pakistani Society and Culture 3(3+0)
URCE-5101 Grammar 3(3+0)
Total 18 (18+0)

Semester-2
PKST-6206 Legal System of Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6207 Economic Development of Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6208 Pakistani Languages and Literature 3(3+0)
PKST-6209 Geo-political Significance of Pakistan 3(3+0)
Political and Constitutional 3(3+0)
Developments in Pakistan (1971-to the
PKST-6210 present)
QT-600 Translation Study of the Holy Quran III 1(1+0)
Intro. to Information and 3(2+1)
URCI-5109 Communication Technology
Total 19(19+0)

Semester-3
PKST-6211 Human Rights in Pakistan 3(3+0)
Ancient Civilizations: Indus Valley and 3(3+0)
PKST-6212 Gandhara
PKST-6213 Political Parties in Pakistan 3(3+0)

1
PKST-6214 Women Empowerment in Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6215 Local Self-Government in Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6216 Foreign Policy of Pakistan 3(3+0)
Total 18 (18+0)
Semester-4
PKST-6217 Bureaucracy in Pakistan 3(3+0)
Pakistan’s National Security: External 3(3+0)
PKST-6218 and Internal Dimensions
Political Systems, Governments and 3(3+0)
Regimes in Pakistan (1947-to the
PKST-6219 present)
PKST-6220 Environmental Problems in Pakistan 3(3+0)
PKST-6221 Pakistan and World Affairs 3(3+0)
QT-800 Translation Study of the Holy Quran IV 1(1+0)
URCC-5110 Citizenship Education and Community Noncredit course
Engagement
Total 16 (16+0)

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PKST-6201 Independence Movement and the Creation of Pakistan (1857-1947) 3(3+0)
The Purpose of the course is to highlight Political constitutional economic and religious struggles of the
Muslims of south Asia during the British Rule and hence triangular struggle ensued after 1857 which
culminated in the Independence of India. Hindu Muslim Tangled sharpened to such an extent that the
Muslims demanded separate homeland of Pakistan. The students would be apprised of the emergence,
growth and development of Muslim nationalism in South Asia and the struggle for Independence, which
eventually led to the establishment of Pakistan. The course will look into the gradual constitutional and
political developments and different historical episodes which ultimately set the ground for Muslim
nationalists to finally demand for a separate homeland for Muslims of India. After completing this course
the students will be able to understand origin and outcome of the Muslims struggles and will be able to
understand role of Muslim leaders struggle for achievement of Pakistan

Contents
1. Arrivals of the Europeans and the Rise of British Rule of India
2. Uprising of 1857 and its impact of the Indians
3. The Rise of Indian Nationalism and the Creation of Indian National Congress
4. Aligarh Movement and Its social Political and Religious impact
5. Partition of Bengal
6. Simla Deputation and the Creation of All India Muslim League
7. Indian Council Acts of 1909
8. Lucknow Pact 1916
9. Lucknow Pact 1916 and the Government of India Act 1919
10. Khilafat and Hijrat Movement and their effects of on the Muslims of India
11. Indian Constitutional problem and efforts for solution simmon Commission, Nehru Report and
Jinnah 14 Points
12. Iqbal and His Allahabad Address
13. Round Table Conferences and The Government of India Act 1935
14. Election 1937 and Congress Rule of Provinces
15. Lahore Resolution 1949
16. Cripps and Cabinet Mission Plans
17. 3rd June plan and Partition
18. The Redcliff Boundary and Commission Award

Recommended Texts

1. Kazimi, M. R (2009). A concise history of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

2. Sikandar Hayat. Aspects of Pakistan movement. Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and
Cultural Research, 2017.

Suggested Readings

1. Azad, Abul Kalam (1989). India Wins Freedom. London: Advent Books Division.
2. Collins, Larry and Dominique Lapierre. (1997). Freedom at Midnight. London: HarperCollins.
3. Tharoor, Shashi. (2017). Inglorious empire: what the British did to India? New Delhi: Penguin
Books.

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PKST-6202 Research Methodology 3(3+0)
This outline is prepared for developing the interest of students in research pursuits and making them excel
in research tasks. The contents discussed below would develop their theoretical understanding as well as
the practical and field related issues as to the research activities. Research and development have got
immense importance in academia as well as job market and the graduates who possess required
theoretical and practical knowledge of research, have greater chances of securing respectable jobs and
recognition in their prospective fields of work. On the completion of these contents, the students would be
able to apprehend major paradigms, ontologies and epistemologies, and accordingly will be able to
develop their analytical skills and produces authentic, credible and standard research. This course enables
students to not only produce credible research but also showcase this research through publishing it in
credible research journals.

Contents
1. Introduction to Research and Research Methods
2. Major paradigms in Research: Positivism/materialism/Marxism, Idealism, existentialism, post-
modernism, feminism.
3. Ontologies and Epistemologies
4. Ethics and standards of Research
5. Major steps in carrying out the task of research
6. Preparing a Research Proposal
7. Writing a book review
8. Internal and External Criticism
9. Qualitative and Quantitative Research
10. Objectivity and Subjectivity in Research
11. Conducting Interviews, sampling and Survey
12. Front Matter, Body Text and Back Matter of a thesis, dissertation, or a book.

Recommended Texts
1. Kumar, Ranjit (2014). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for students. London: Sage
Publications.
2. Baker, Therese L. (1994). Doing social research. New York: McGrraw-Hill.

Suggested Readings
1. Babie, Earl R. (1979) The practice of social research. Belmont: CA: Wabsworth Publishing
Company.
2. Ann Bonar Blalock and Hurbet M. Balalock (1992). Introduction to social research. New Jersey:
Prentice-Hall.
3. McNeill, Patrick (1990). Research methods. London: Routledge.

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PKST- 6203 Political and Constitutional Developments in Pakistan (1947-1971) 3(3+0)

Pakistan, since its birth, has been facing constant political and Constitutional crises where parliamentary
democracy is yet to be established on firm footing, therefore, it is important to study the constitutional
and political development of Pakistan. The aim of the course is to acquaint the students with the nature
and direction of the constitutional and political development of Pakistan. After studying this course, the
students will be able to understand the constitutional and Political issues, problems and the causes of the
dilemma of Parliamentary democracy in Pakistan and comprehend the working of the administrative and
political machinery from 1947 to 1971. The period is meant to signify the break-up of country and
emergence of a separate state of Bangladesh as a result of a successful separatist movement. Actually, the
major hurdle in framing the constitution of the country was the issue of parity between two parts of
Pakistan i.e. East Pakistan and West Pakistan.

Contents

1. Emergence and Development of the State, 1947-51

2. Major challenges and Issues in Pakistan’s Polity
3. Objective Resolutions 1949
4. Islamism vs. Secularism
5. Democracy vs. Dictatorship
6. Federalism vs. Regionalism
7. State Structure and Political Culture
8. Constitutional and Political Development , 1951-58
9. 1956 Constitution and the failure of System
10. First Martial Law Regime, 1958-69
11. Constitution of 1962
12. Dismemberment of Pakistan, 1969-71

Recommended Texts

1. Khan, Hamid (2012). Constitutional and political history of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University
Press.
2. Jalal, Ayesha (2004). Democracy and authoritarianism in South Asia: A comparative and historical
perspective. Lahore: Sang-i-Meel Publishers.

Suggested Readings

1. Sayeed, Khalid Bin (2005) Politics in Pakistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
2. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan: An enigma of political development, Lahore: Vanguard Books.
3. Choudhary G.W. (1969). Constitutional Development in Pakistan. London: Longman Group Ltd.

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PKST - 6204 Geography of Pakistan 3(3+0)
Pakistan Geography is a vital topic for study because it allows a student to understand the planet in a
way that clarifies various global political issues and to see the relationship between people, groups and
the physical environment in which they live. Geography gives us information about various types of
climates, natural conditions, mineral wealth etc. of the various nations. As the world becomes more
interrelated and interdependent through technological advances, it is increasingly important to
understand the physical and cultural differences of other places. Studying of Pakistan geography also
opens a link to understanding the history of one's own culture, as well as that of others. An
understanding of geography also allows one to make smart choices when dealing with issues regarding
the relationship of society to the physical environment.

Contents

1. Introduction
2. Geo-strategic position of Pakistan
3. Location and Geographical significance
4. Geo-political Importance
5. Administrative setup
6. Land and Physical Environment:
7. Physiography
8. Climate and climatic regions o Hydrology
9. Soils and vegetation
10. The People
11. Population characteristics: structure, composition and distribution
12. Population Change
13. Urbanization
14. Economy
15. Agriculture (crops and livestock)
16. Irrigation
17. Power and mineral resources
18. Industries
19. Trade
20. Tourism
21. Transport and Communication
22. Major challenges of Pakistan
23. Water, power, security and environmental issues

Recommended Texts

1. Khan, F. K. (2015). Geography of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

2. Ahmad, K. S. (2000). Geography of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

Suggested Readings

1. Burkey, J. S. (1991). Pakistan the continuing search for nationhood. Oxford: Western Press Oxford.
2. Davidson, A. P. & Ahmad, M. (2003). Privatization and the crisis of agricultural extension: the case
of pakistan, king's soas studies in development geography. New Delhi: Ashgate Publishing.
3. Tayyeb, A. (2000). A political geography of Pakistan. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

6
PKST-6205 Pakistani Society and Culture 3(3+0)

The aim of this course is to look into the evolution of Pakistani society, patterns of social change,
landscape, nation and ethnicity. It will explore the institutions of family, religion and community. Popular
culture, Pakistani mind, state, society and individual, social development of a post-colonial society will
also be explored in the course. Pakistani society is a mosaic of various different cultures with ethnic and
linguistic variations. It provides Pakistan with a strong tradition of diversity. Pakistan is a home of many
languages including, Punjabi, Pashto, Balochi, Sindhi, Urdu, Brushaski, Balti, Potohari, Seraiki etc. After
studying this course, the students will be able to understand and appreciate diversity of Pakistani society
and culture and contextualize it in broader South Asian perspective. They will be able to understand how
rich cultural diversity can be promoted as a significant achievement and further preserved and promoted.

Contents

1. Definition of Society and Culture.

2. Evolution of Pakistani Society - Early History.
3. Foundation of Islamic Society --- The Sufis' role in the expansion of Islam in India.
4. Turco-Iranian Impact on the Indian Society.
5. The Colonial Era-- Impact of the West.
6. The People of Pakistan - their distribution - Major groups.
7. Social Problems of Pakistan - including Population, Crime, Education system, Agriculture, etc.
8. The Culture of Pakistan - Regional versus Religious Dictates.
9. New Trends in the Pakistani Society.
10. The Cultural Heritage of Pakistan.

Recommended Texts

1. Rumi, Raza (2018). Being Pakistani: society, culture and arts. New Delhi: Harper Collins.
2. Hassan, Sibt (1997). Pakistan May Tahzeeb Ka Irtiqa. Karachi: Royal Book Club.

Suggested Readings

1. Malik, Iftikhar Haider (2006). Culture and customs of Pakistan. London: Greenwood Press.
2. Jalibi, Jamil (2015). Pakistani culture. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
3. Naheed, Kishwar (2017). Culture and civilization in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

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URCE-5101 Grammar 3(3+0)
The course introduces the students to the underlying rules to acquire and use language in academic
context. The course aims at developing grammatical competence of the learners to use grammatical
structures in context in order to make the experience of learning English more meaningful enabling the
students to meet their real life communication needs. The objectives of the course are to, reinforce the
basics of grammar, understand the basic meaningful units of language, and introduce the functional
aspects of grammatical categories and to comprehend language use by practically working on the
grammatical aspects of language in academic settings. After studying the course, students would be able
to use the language efficiently in academic and real life situations and integrate the basic language skills
in speaking and writing. The students would be able to work in a competitive environment at higher
education level to cater with the long term learners’ needs.

Contents

1 Parts of speech
2 Noun and its types
3 Pronoun and its types
4 Adjective and its types
5 Verb and its types
6 Adverb and its types
7 Prepositions and its types
8 Conjunction and its types
9 Phrases and its different types
10 Clauses and its different types
11 Sentence, parts of sentence and types of sentence
12 Synthesis of sentence
13 Conditional sentences
14 Voices
15 Narration
16 Punctuation
17 Common grammatical errors and their corrections

Recommended Texts

1. Eastwood, J. (2011). A basic English grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2. Swan, M. (2018). Practical English usage (8th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Suggested Readings

1. Thomson, A. J., & Martinet, A. V. (1986). A practical English grammar. Oxford: Oxford University
Press
2. Biber, D., Johansson, S., Leech, G., Conrad, S., Finegan, E., & Quirk, R. (1999). Longman grammar
of spoken and written English. Harlow Essex: MIT Press.
3. Hunston, S., & Francis, G. (2000). Pattern grammar: A corpus-driven approach to the
lexicalgrammar of English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

8
PKST-6207 Economic Development of Pakistan 3(3+0)
This course aims to help the students understand and analyse the main theories, policies and
economic concepts which explain economic development or lack of it. Pakistan has adopted
shifting paradigms of economic development including capitalism of 50s and 60s and then thrust
upon promoting socialism in 70s under the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto who sought to
redress the distributional problems of economic development thence-to-fore. We will analyze the
transitional periods of Pakistani economy, development strategies, development processes and
interplay of politico-economic forces in the country. It will necessarily be a study of political
economy of Pakistan because politics and economics are inextricably linked to each other.
Robust and stable economic development cannot be achieved without stable political system and
vice versa. Pakistan, right after independence, faced grave economic crisis and continues to face
economic problems throughout its history. The students will be able to understand, analyze
Pakistan’s economy and contextualize it with overall political and social developments.
Contents
1. Political Economy: Definition and Importance
2. Introduction and Definition of Common Economic Terms
3. Pakistan’s Economic Performance: An Overview
4. Political Economy of Defense
5. Initial Economic Problems of Pakistan
6. Agriculture: An Overview
7. Industrialization in Pakistan: An Overview
8. Pakistan’s Economic Performance: In Detail
9. Pakistan’s Foreign Trade
10. The Financing of Economic Development
11. Social Sectors
12. Societal Change in Pakistan
13. Governance and Institutions: Issues and Analysis
14. New Perspectives of Development
Recommended Texts
1. Khan, Shahrukh Rafi (1999). 50 years of Pakistan’s economy. Karachi: Oxford
University Press.
2. Zaidi, S. Akbar (2000). Issues in Pakistan’s economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Suggested Readings
1. Husain, Ishrat (1999). The economy of an elitist state. Karachi: Oxford University Press,
1999.
2. Noman, Omar (1988). Political economy of Pakistan. London: Kagan Paul International.
3. Burki, Shahid Javed (2003). Pakistan: A nation in the making. Lahore: Vanguard Books.

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PKST-6208 Pakistani Languages and Literature 3(3+0)
This course focuses on the multiplicity and inter-linkages of Pakistan languages and Literature. It
also highlights the main trends and important development in the national as well as regional
languages of Pakistan with special emphasis on the corpus of literature produced in that
particular language. After studying this course, the students will be able to understand the
linguistic diversity and pluralism in Pakistan, realize the importance of relationship and linkages
of different languages of Pakistan, literary traditions and forms and history of Urdu language and
literature. In addition to Urdu, other regional languages have also been highlighted bringing them
from their peripheral status to giving them centrality because this diversity is the major strength
of Pakistani society and culture. After studying the course, the students will be able to
differentiate between various regional languages and appreciate the rich literature produced in
them which is highly popular among the masses throughout Pakistan.

Contents
1. Contribution of the following in the Growth of Urdu, Fort William College, Aligrah
Movement, Pakistan Movement, Romantic .
2. Progressive Movement, Cultural Centres of Urdu: Delhi, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Deccan and
the Punjab, Lingual and Cultural relations of urdu:
1. Sufi poets of Sindhi, Sachal Sarmast, Shah, Abdul Latif Bhittai
2. Punjabi: Baba Fareed, Kabir, Baaba Guru Nanak, Shah Hussian, Damodar Das, Sultan
Bahu, Bulleh Shah, Waris Shah, Mian Muhmmad, Ghulam,Fareed
3. Pushto: Khushal Khan Khattak, Rehman Baba,
4. Balochi: Mast Tawakli, Atta Shad, Ishaq Shamim, Azad Jamali, Murad Sahir, M.Ramzan,
Zahoor Hashmi, Syed Muhammad Taqi Shah Taib, Mureird,
5. Linguistic issues in Pakistan
6. Role of Pakistani languages in national Integration
Recommended Texts
1. Jalibi, Jamil (2000). Tarik-e-Adab-e-Urdu. Karachi: Karachi University.
2. Anwar Syed (2003). Urdu Adab Ki Tehkirkein, Lahore: Mehwar Publications.
Suggested Readings
1. Sherani, Hafiz Muhammad (2003). Punjab Mein Urdu, Islamabad: Urdu Adab Board
Islamabad.
2. Mueen–ur-Rehman (2003). Tehrik –e-Azadi Mein urdu ka Hissa, Islamabad: Urdu Adab
Board Islamabad.
3. Ikram S. M. (2001). Aab-e-Kausar. Lahore: Idara Saqafat Islami.

10
PKST-6209 Geo – Political Significance of Pakistan 3(3+0)

This course is expected to enlighten students with the various schools of thought and their impact
on world politics, the geopolitical structure of the world, the basic knowledge of the South Asian
region, Pakistan‘s relations with the neighboring countries under geo-political paradigm,
Pakistan’s role in the contemporary world in the backdrop of its geopolitical significance and
finally to equip students with academic skills enabling them to analyze the Geopolitical
significance of Pakistan.

Contents

1. Introduction: Geopolitics: definition, nature

2. Difference between political geography and geo-politics
3. Geopolitical structure of the World
• Core-points
• Choke points
• Buffer zones

4. The geo-political setting of South Asia: pre cold war, post cold war, since 9/11
5. The geo-political description of Pakistan: Geo-graphical, political, economic and
psychological factors
6. Pakistan’s strategic location and its impact on security issues
7. Pakistan’s Relations with neighboring countries
8. Pakistan and World Affairs

Suggested Texts and Readings

1. Agnew, John, Geo-Politics: Re-visioning World Politics (New York: Rutledge II, New
Fetter Lane, 1998)
2. Ali, Mehrunnisa, Readings in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (Karachi Oxford University Press,
2001)
3. Amin, Shahid M, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000).
4. Azam, Ikram, Pakistan’s Geo-Political and Strategic Compulsions (Lahore: Progressive
Publishers n.d)
5. Bowman, Lavy W, Cl;ark, Ian, The Indian Ocean in Global Politics (U.S: West view Press,
1981).
6. Booth, Ken, Baylis John, Contemporary Strategy (London: Cromhelm, 1975)
7. Burk, S. M., Pakistan’s Foreign Policy An Historical Analysis, 2nd Edition (Karachi:
Oxford University Press, 1990)
8. Choudhry, G. W, India Pakistan Bangladesh and the Major Powers: Politics of a Divided
Sub-Continent (New York: The Free Press, Macmillan Publishing Co. 1975)

11
PKST-6210 Political and Constitutional Developments in Pakistan (1971-to the Present) 3(3+0)

Pakistan, since its birth, has been facing constant political and constitutional crises where parliamentary
democracy is yet to be established on firm footing, therefore, it is important to study the constitutional
and political development of Pakistan. The aim of the course is to acquaint the students with the nature
and direction of the constitutional and political development of Pakistan. A special focus shall be on the
role of the political leadership and that of military-bureaucratic leadership in the political
institutionalization in Pakistan. After nearly twenty six years of its existence, Pakistan, after secession of
East Pakistan, was able to legislate a federal constitution which is still in vogue and guarantees the
distribution of power and resources and ensures fundamental rights of its citizens. After studying this
course, the students will be able to understand the constitutional and political issues, problems and the
causes of the dilemma of Parliamentary democracy in Pakistan and comprehend the working of the
administrative and political machinery.

Contents

1. The civilian regime of Z. A. Bhutto, major policies and reforms (land, educational, administrative,
industrial and foreign etc.)
2. The 1973 Constitution.
3. The Zia regime, major policies and constitutional changes (Islamization, 8th amendment, Afghan
policy, 1985 elections etc.), MRD, dismissal of Junejo government.
4. 1988 Elections and the establishment of Democracy, 1st Govt of Benazir, Major Measures under
Benazair Govt. Phase-I, Dismissal of Benazir Govt in 1990.
5. Elections of 1990, Govt. under Nawaz Sharif 1990-93, Dismissal of Nawaz Govt.
6. 1993 Elections, 2nd Phase of Benazir 1993-96, Dismissal of Benazir Govt in November 1996.
7. General Elections 1997, 2nd Phase of Nawaz Sharif, Restoration of Parliamentary Democracy and
the Removal of 8th Amendment.
8. Military Coup of 1999 by Pervez Musahraf, Musharaf 7 Points Agenda, Devolution of Power Plan
2000, Restructure of Local Govt System Under Musharaf, Legal Frame Work Order Under
Musharf, Elections 2002.
9. Musharaf and 9/11, Terrorism, 17th Amendment in the Constitution of Pakistan 1973.
10. Balochistan Issue under Musharraf.
11. 2007 Judiciary Movement for Restoration of Judges.
12. Charter of Democracy and NRO, Elections 2008, Coalition Govt. of 2008, 18th Amendment of
Constitution 1973.
13. Elections 2013, Elections 2018

Recommended Texts

1. Ziring, Lawrence (2003), Pakistan in the 20th century, A political history. Karachi: Oxford
University Press.
2. Jalal, Ayesha (2004), Democracy and authoritarianism in South Asia: A comparative and historical
perspective. Lahore: Sang-i-Meel Publishers.

Suggested Readings

1. Khan, Hamid (2003). Constitutional and political history of Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University
Press.
2. Sayeed, Khalid Bin (2005). Politics in Pakistan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Ziring, Lawrence (2003). Pakistan: An enigma of political development, Lahore: Vanguard.

12
URCI-5109 Introduction to Information & Communication Technologies 3(2+1)
The course introduces students to information and communication technologies and their current
applications in their respective areas. Objectives include basic understanding of computer software,
hardware, and associated technologies. They can make use of technology to get maximum benefit related
to their study domain. Students can learn how the Information and Communications systems can improve
their work ability and productivity. How Internet technologies, E-Commerce applications and Mobile
Computing can influence the businesses and workplace. At the end of semester students will get basic
understanding of Computer Systems, Storage Devices, Operating systems, E-commerce, Data Networks,
Databases, and associated technologies. They will also learn Microsoft Office tools that includes Word,
Power Point, Excel. They will also learn Open office being used on other operating systems and
platforms. Specific software’s related to specialization areas are also part of course. Course will also
cover Computer Ethics and related Social media norms and cyber laws.
Contents
1. Introduction, Overview and its types.
2. Hardware: Computer Systems & Components, Storage Devices and Cloud Computing.
3. Software: Operating Systems, Programming and Application Software,
4. Introduction to Programming Language
5. Databases and Information Systems Networks
6. The Hierarchy of Data and Maintaining Data,
7. File Processing Versus Database Management Systems
8. Data Communication and Networks.
9. Physical Transmission Media & Wireless Transmission Media
10. Applications of smart phone and usage
11. The Internet, Browsers and Search Engines.
12. Websites Concepts, Mobile Computing and their applications.
13. Collaborative Computing and Social Networking
14. E-Commerce & Applications.
15. IT Security and other issues
16. Cyber Laws and Ethics of using Social media
17. Use of Microsoft Office tools (Word, Power Point, Excel), mobile apps or other similar tools
depending on the operating system.
18. Other IT tools/software specific to field of study of the students if any

Recommended Texts
1. Vermaat, M. E. (2018). Discovering computers: digital technology, data and devices. Boston:
Course Technology Press.

Suggested Readings
1. Timothy J. O'Leary & Linda I. (2017). Computing essentials, (26th ed.). San Francisco: McGraw
Hill Higher Education.
2. Schneider, G. M., & Gersting, J. (2018). Invitation to computer science. Boston: Cengage Learning.

13
PKST-6211 Human Rights in Pakistan 3(3+0)
This subject concentrates on the nature of the human rights, and endeavours to understand the human
rights environment in Pakistan. It guides the students to go through various concepts regarding human
rights, according to historical tradition, global norms and the UN declaration. Human rights has emerged
as a leading discourse after the World War II and with the emergence of United Nations, special emphasis
is given to the issues of human rights. There are many national and international organizations which
keenly cover human rights issues and highlight discrepancies in this regards. In Pakistan, Human Rights
Commission of Pakistan plays a leading role to serve as watchdog of human rights violations in Pakistan.
After studying this course, the students will be able to internalize the importance and significance of
human rights and appreciate safeguarding these human rights in the country. This is more important in a
country like Pakistan where constitutional hindrances more often than not cause human rights violations.
Contents
1. Conceptual Foundation of Human Rights.
2. What are Human Rights? Definition and Explanation of Human Rights.
3. Significance and importance
4. Rights and responsibilities at local, community, national and International Levels.
5. Islamic Concept of Human Rights
6. UN Declaration of Human Rights, Safeguards of Human Rights under Martial Law.
7. Agencies and source of Human Right in Pakistan
8. Govt legislation enactments and the constitution
9. Non Government organizations (NGO’s)
10. Specific areas of Human Rights enforcement in Pakistan
11. Governance and social justice (management of Public grievances)
12. Women rights and gender relations
13. Children right and child abuse
14. Police and law and order, including traffic rights and social harmony
15. Legal Justice
16. Crisis management
17. Health, education and poverty alleviation

Recommended Texts
1. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (2001), State of human rights in Pakistan 1994-2000.
Islamabad: HRCP.
2. Brownline, lan (ed) (2001). Human Rights in the 21st Century. London: Palgrave.

Suggested Readings

1. Peter, Davis,(ed) (2000). Human rights. London: Oxford University Press.

2. Meyon Samuel (2010). The last Utopia: Human rights in history, New York: Harvard University
Press.
3. Bose, Sugata and Ayesha Jalal (2011). Modern South Asia: history, culture, political Economy.
Lahore: Sang-e- Meel Publications.

14
PKST-6212 Ancient Civilizations: Indus Valley and Ghandhara 3(3+0)
This course will introduce students to the Indus valley and Gandhara civilizations. Students will learn the
historical geography, the way of life of the people such as the settlement patterns, art and architecture and
religious beliefs and the rise and fall of the civilization. Ancient Indian civilization includes ancient
civilizations of Mohenjodaro, Harappa and Gandhara. Pakistan has been bequeathed with cultural and
civilizational traits of all these civilizations. Many explorations were made in the British period and post-
colonial period. However, the script could not be deciphered. Pakistan can boast of possessing a rich
cultural heritage that it has inherited from the distant past and can showcase to the world now. After
studying this course, the students will be able to identify the location of the Indus Valley and Gandhara
civilizations and relate them to other old world civilizations of the same period because India is one of the
oldest and richest civilizations of the world.
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Discovery of the Indus valley civilization
3. Historical Geography of the Indus valley civilizations
4. Early Indus Period (from Mehragarh to the rise of mature Indus Period).
5. Distribution of settlements (Amrian /Kot Dijian /Sothi/Ravian)
6. Development of art and Architecture
7. Major settlements of Early-Indus Civilization
8. Mature Indus Period
9. Settlement Pattern
10. Art and Architecture
11. Town Planning
12. Seals
13. Script
14. Trade relations
15. Decline of the Indus Civilization :Various Perspectives

Recommended Texts

1. Thapar, Romila (2004), Ancient Indian social history: Some interpretation. New Delhi, Oriental
Longman.
2. Smith, V.A. (1999). The early history of India. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers.

Suggested Readings

1. Keay, John (2000). India: A history. New York: Harper Collins.

2. Keay, John (2001). India discovered: The recovery of a lost civilization. London, Harper
Collins.
3. Thapar, Romila (2002). Early India: From the origin to AD 1300. Los Angeles: University of
California Press.

15
PKST-6213 Political Parties in Pakistan 3(3+0)
This course outline aims at educating the students about the origin, history and struggles of the political
parties, particularly in the context and dynamics of Pakistani politics. It goes into the issues regarding
democracy, civil-military oligarchy, political culture, national interest, ideological assertions of the people
of Pakistan and the political parties. It would discuss the historical role of the parties in the politics and
governance of Pakistan. The students are expected to enhance their pertinent understanding about the
critical evolution of political parties in Pakistan and political system of the country. Pakistan, being a
post-colonial state, inherited many traits of a highly centralized state where there was less space available
for the political parties. However, with the passage of time the political elite managed to secure more
political space. The students will be able to appreciate the strengths and weakness of political parties in
Pakistan.
Contents
1. Introduction to democratic process and political parties in Pakistan
2. Historical background of the political parties in Pakistan
3. The political agendas and ideological orientations of the political parties
4. Political Parties and the role of their leadership
5. Response of political parties to military dictatorship in Pakistan
6. Role of political parties forming the governments and those of in opposition
7. Major political parties and smaller ones operating in Pakistan
8. Historical role and contribution of Muslim League in politics and governance of Pakistan
9. Politics of Awami League
10. Formation and historical role of Pakistan Peoples’ Party (PPP)
11. Politics of MQM
12. Formation and politics of Tehreek e Insaf (PTI)
13. Religio-political Parties in Pakistan i.e. Jamat e Islami, Jamiat Ulma e Islam, Jamiat Ulma e
Pakistan, Tehreek e Labaik Pakistan, Tehreek e Nafaz e Fiqah e Jafriya, Muthida Majalas e Amal
14. Socialist politics and political parties in Pakistan, Communist Party of Pakistan, ANP, NAP,
Krish Sramik Party, Mazdoor Kisan Party

Recommended Texts
1. Afzal, Rafiq (2004). Political parties in Pakistan. Islamabad: NIHCR.
2. Ahmad, Naseer (2004). Political parties in Pakistan: A long way ahead. Karachi: The Network
Publications.

Suggested Readings
1. Aziz, K. K. Party politics in Pakistan 1947-58. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel.
2. Roger D. Long, Gurharpal Singh, andYunas Samad (2016). State and nation Building in
Pakistan: beyond Islam and security. New York: Routledge.
3. Aziz, Mazhar (2008). Military control in Pakistan: The parallel state. London: Routledge.

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PKST-6214 Women Empowerment in Pakistan 3(3+0)

The primary focus of this course is to provide the understanding of the concept of women empowerment,
activism, and women’s agency in the context of Pakistan. It examines and analyses the various issues
related to women empowerment. It briefly discusses the status of women in history in various parts of the
world including ancient India. It also discusses the status of women in Islam in the light of Quran and
Sunnah. An analysis of various developments during colonial India provides necessary background for
the study of women empowerment in Pakistan. The prime focus however, remains on the various issues
relating to women in Pakistan, including issues of political participation, health, education, employment,
gender bias, domestic violence and also various laws, movements and organizations about women.
Contents

1. Definition of Women Empowerment

2. The Period of Early Civilizations and Women
3. The Status of Women in Ancient India
4. The Status of Women in Islam in the Light of Quran and Sunnah
5. Looking into the Premodern Indian Society: A Period of Muslim Rule
6. Advent of British in India and impact of Colonization
7. A Period of Awakening: Education and Women’s Reform Movements in Colonial Period
8. Contextualization Women’s Empowerment in Pakistan in Different Phases (1947-2018)
9. Women Rights, Movements, Laws and Organizations in Pakistan
10. Women and Basic Rights: Issues of Health, Education, Economic Freedom and Political
Representation
11. Issues of Child Marriage, Dowry, Domestic Violence and Honour Killing
12. International Women Rights Organizations and Pakistan
13. Looking into Past, Analysing the Present and Foreseeing the Future Prospects of Women’s Role
in Pakistani State and Society

Recommended Texts
1. Patel, Rashida (2010). Gender equality and women’s empowerment in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford
University Press.
2. Sadaf, Ahmad (ed) (2010). Pakistani women: multiple locations and competing narratives.
Karachi: Oxford University Press.

Suggested Readings
1. Ahmad, Naseem (2003). Women in Islam. New Delhi: A.P.H Publishing.
2. Mumtaz, Khawar and Farida Shaheed (1981). Women of Pakistan: Two steps forward, one step
back. Lahore: Vanguard Books.
3. Saigol, Rubina (2011). Women’s Empowerment in Pakistan: A Scoping Study. Islamabad; Aurat
Foundation.

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PKST-6215 Local Self-Government in Pakistan 3(3+0)

The objective of this course is to apprise the students about the system of local self-Government prevalent
in Pakistan. The course will cover different systems of local government in Pakistan i.e., the system of
Basic Democracies, Rural Development in Program, the local Government System under 1979 Ordinance
and Devolution Plan 2000. After studying this course, the students will be able to understand the basic
concepts of local Government and comprehend historical perspective of the development of Local self-
Government in Pakistan. Studying this course will enable the students to make a comparison between
Pakistani and American and British local governments’ structures. Pakistan has been victim of power
struggle between the political elite and the bureaucratic elite. The civil bureaucracy and then the military
bureaucracy emerged as the leading power contenders and eventually dominated the political system and
undermined the political elite. In such a situation, there is dire need of devolution of power to the
provinces and to the districts.

Contents

1. Meaning, Scope, Nature and Approaches to the study of local government, need for local
government etc.
2. Colonial Heritage and evolution of local government in Pakistan.
3. Problems and issues of grass root democracy in Pakistan.
4. Organizational structure of local government in Pakistan: its relation with the provincial and
central Government.
5. Functional Structure of local Government in Pakistan: Social work and Voluntary service at local
level.
6. Planning, development and budgeting in local Government.
7. The role of Local Government in national Development.
8. A brief comparative study of local government in Pakistan, Britain and USA.
9. Problems of Local Government in Pakistan.
10. Restructuring of Local Government: Devolution Plan 2000 its concept, principles, the structure of
District Government

Recommended Texts

1. Quddus, Abdul (2004). Local self-government in Pakistan, Lahore: Vanuguard Books.

2. Malik, Muhammad Asif (2004). Local self-government in Pakistan, Lahore: Iftikhar Ahmad
Publishers.

Suggested Readings

1. Muttalib and Muhammad Akbar Ali Khan (2003). Theory of local government, New Delhi:
Sterling Publishers.
2. Masudul-Hassan (2004). History of local government in Pakistan, Islamabad, Ministry of Local
Government and Rural Development.

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PKST-6216 Foreign Policy of Pakistan 3(3+0)

From its independence, the state of Pakistan went through different phases of relationships with its
neighbouring countries and regional as well as global powers. The period of cold war and Pakistan’s
alignment with the West during the most part of this phase had many repercussions and diplomatic
challenges on its domestic as well as international front. The primary focus of this course is to provide the
understanding of the place of Pakistan in today’s global world. This course is designed to look into
current status of Pakistan in global politics while journeying through the different phases of Pakistan’s
history. It is the burden of history which effects the present as well as the future. In this course the
students will be acquainted with different phases of Pakistan’s foreign policy and her relationship with
neighbours, Muslim world as well as major power since 1947 so that students can better understand the
Pakistan foreign policy within a specific historical context.
Contents
1. Historical Background and the Establishment of Pakistan, Objectives, Principles and Determinants
of Pakistan Foreign Policy, The Phases of Pakistan Foreign Policy,
2. Neutrality and Search for friendship(1947-1953), Alignment with the West (1953-1962), Transition
Policy (1962-1970),
3. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (1947-1971) An Overview: Bilateralism and Non-aligned (1972-79),
Strengthening of Relations with Major Powers
4. Bilateralism and Non-aligned (1972-79), Strengthening of Relations with Major Powers
5. Revival of Policy (1981-1990)
6. Era of 1988-1999, Collapse of the soviet Union and the end of Cold War, The Impact of Afghan
War on Pakistan
7. Era of 1988-1999, The Rise of a New World Order, The Role of the Islamic World in Global
Politics
8. Post-Cold War Era, Pak US Relations strained again , Afghanistan Problem and insurgency in
Kashmir , Nuclear test by India and Pakistan Response
9. Foreign Policy after 9/11: Events of 9/11, war on terrorism, Pak US Relations after 9/11
10. Pakistan US Strategic Partnership, Divergence between Pakistan and USA, Terrorism Islam targeted
, The need for a comprehensive strategy
11. The UN and Other Organization: Human Rights, Regional Cooperation, SAARC
12. Policy in a Changing world: International Politics
1. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: A Post 9/11 Review: Foreign Policy in 2015, Foreign Policy in 2016,
Foreign Policy in 2017, Current Scenario
2. Pakistan-India Disputes and Crises, India-Pakistan and Development in Afghanistan

Recommended Texts

1. Amin, Shahid M.( 2018). Pakistan’s foreign policy: a reappraisal. Karachi: Oxford University
Press.
2. Sattar, Abdul. (2018). Pakistan’s foreign policy 1947-2016: a concise history. Karachi: Oxford
University Press.

Suggested Readings
1. Kasuri, Khursheed Mehmood. (2018). Neither hawks nor doves. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
2. Kux, Dennis. (2001). The United States and Pakistan 1947-2000: disenchanted allies. Karachi,
Oxford University Press.

19
PKST-6217 Bureaucracy in Pakistan 3(3+0)

This course will provide an in depth analysis of the role of bureaucracy in the state of Pakistan from its
creation till date. While taking a historical overview of the development of bureaucratic institutions in
British India, the focus of the course would be on role bureaucracy in politics and major policy decisions
of the state Pakistan. It will also provide an overview of various reforms introduced by different military
and civilian regimes in Pakistan and their implications on state and society. The students, after covering
these contents, will be able to analyze the role of bureaucracy in Pakistan. Although Pakistan was created
by Jinnah and Muslim League on the vision of provincial autonomies, yet centralizing tendencies have
been prevalent in Pakistan throughout its history.

Contents
1. The Bureaucracy in British India: An Introduction
2. Bureaucratic Institutions and Policy Making in Pakistan
3. The Early Administrative Problems of Bureaucracy
4. Early Political Developments in Pakistan and Bureaucracy
5. Bureaucracy and Democracy
6. Bureaucracy and Military
7. Bureaucracy and Constitution Making: 1947-1958
8. The First Military Regime & Bureaucracy: 1958-1962
9. Imposition of Second Martial Law in 1969 & Bureaucracy
10. Civilian Interlude (1972-1977) & Bureaucracy
11. The Third Military Regime & Bureaucracy
12. The Expansion of role of Bureaucracy
13. Post Zia Civil Military Relations
14. Musharaf Era :An Analysis
15. A Revisit of Bureaucracy and Politics of Pakistan

Recommended Texts

1. Ahmed, Ishtiaq (2013). The Pakistani military in politics: Origins, Evolution, Consequences.
New Delhi: Amaryllis Publisher.
2. Rizvi, Hasan Askari (1987). The military & politics in Pakistan 1947-86. Lahore: Progressive
Publishers.

Suggested Readings

1. Talbot, Ian (1999). Pakistan: A Modern History. Lahore: Vanguard.

2. Veena Kukreja, M. P. Singh, ed. (2006) Pakistan democracy, development and security issues.
New Delhi: Sage Publications.
3. Rashid, Ahmad (2008). Descent into Chaos. London: Penguin Books.

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PKST-6218 Pakistan’s National Security: External and Internal Dynamic 3(3+0)

This course is mainly about Pakistan’s security problems, internal as well as external. First part of the
course seeks to discern, the roots of Pakistan’s external security issues that gave rise to a culture
dominated by military authoritarianism. The second part mainly deals with internal security problems.
Students will have knowledge of the security problems the country is faced with and will be able to apply
this knowledge for the solution of these problems.

Contents
Pakistan strategic position and its impact on security issues
Defense Strategy: Military security and National security
Armed Forces of Pakistan: colonial background of the armed services, constitutional basis and mission,
Uniforms and ranks.
Impact of militarism on Pakistani society
Human resource development: the future of the sub-continent
Internal problems of security: Role and structure of internal security
Crime: causes, types, trends and statistics
Civil unrest and administrative structure in Pakistan
Police and community relations: working and investigation method
Criminal justice system and Prison system in Pakistan
Recommended Texts and Readings

1. Akhtar, Hamid Saeed. A Study of Pakistan Military Law. Sialkot: Modern

Book Depot, 1977.

2. Aulakh Dr. Ahmed Majeed. Criminal Justices System in Pakistan. Lahore: Pak Muslim Academy
1986.

3. Ayub Khan, Mohammad. The Evolution of Judicial Systems and Law in

the Sub Continent. Peshawar, Pakistan: n.p., n.d.

4. Bhatti, Manzoor Hussain. Crime, Punishment, Prison and Juvenile

Delinquency. Lahore: Siraj-ud-din, 1976.

5. Burke, S.M., and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistan's Foreign Policy. (Rev. 2d

ed.) Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1990.

6. Buzan, Barry, and Gowher Rizvi. South Asian Insecurity and the Great

Powers. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1986.

21
 PKST-6219 Political Systems, Governments and Regimes in Pakistan (1947-to the Present) 3(3+0)
The objective of the course is to develop an academic insight of the students to understand the process of
development of institutions, structures and political culture in Pakistan. The course is also aimed to
enlighten the students regarding important debates with their historical perspective in political arena. It
will also critically evaluate the role and performance of institutions, political parties and leadership in
history of Pakistan. The course will look into different episodes of democracy and dictatorship and their
achievements and failures with implications on state and society. The course is intended to improve
conceptual understanding of students about dynamics of state of Pakistan and current challenges to its
polity. The students, after studying this course, will be able to conceptualize, periodized and contextualize
politics and issues of governance. It will enable the students to theorize case studies of mismanagement as
well as examples of good governance in Pakistan signifying the fact that with consistent effort and
planning, many institutions in Pakistan can be steered on the path of good governance.

Contents

1. Emergence and Development of the State, 1947-51

2. Major challenges and Issues in Pakistan’s Polity
3. Islamism vs. Secularism
4. Democracy vs. Dictatorship
5. Federalism vs. Regionalism
6. State Structure and Political Culture
7. Constitutional and Political Development , 1951-58
8. 1956 Constitution and the failure of System
9. First Martial Law Regime, 1958-69
10. Dismemberment of Pakistan, 1969-71
11. New Era of Democracy, 1971-77
12. Constitution of 1973
13. Back to Martial Law, 1977-88
14. Islamization, Promise and Performance
15. A Troubled Transition, 1988-99
16. Musharraf ’s Martial Law Regime, 1999-2008
17. Post Musharraf Democratic Governments

Recommended Texts

1. Talbot, Ian (2015). Pakistan: A new History. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
2. M. R Kazimi (2009). A concise history of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

Suggested Readings

1. Syed, Muhammad Aslam ed. (1995) Islam & Democracy in Pakistan. Islamabad: NIHCR.
2. Lodhi, Maleeha ed. (2012) Pakistan: Beyond the ‘Crisis State.’ Karachi: Oxford University Press.
3. Veena M. P. Singh Kukreja, ed. (2006) Pakistan Democracy, Development and Security Issues.
New Delhi: Sage Publications.

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PKST-6220 Environmental Problems in Pakistan 3(3+0)
This course aims at providing knowledge about various environmental issues in
multidimensional perspectives. It uses critical approach to global, regional and local
environmental issues. The course provides review of the different environmental issues
especially ecological and those related to conservation of resources and pollution. It deals with
the management and planning issues using case studies. After going through the course the
students will be able to identify and analyze various environmental issues critically. They will be
able to formulate strategies for the remedy of problems created by environmental hazards.

Contents
1. Human population (main actor in environment): Human population explosion,
environmental and social impact of growing population.
2. Food production (crops and livestock): Land for cultivation and farming; food production,
its distribution economics and politics; hunger, malnutrition and famine.

3. Soil; irrigation, Stalinization, desertification, losing soil / ground/ erosion.

Pest and pest controls (approach to harvest maximum food in ecosystem): Need and
approach to pest control. Alternative pest control methods, Socio-economic pressure on
pest management, environmental policy in pest management.
4. Life style: Urban sprawl, results of ex-urban migration, health in life, style and disease.
5. Major environmental issues in Pakistan: ecological Issues, soil erosion, deforestation.
6. Issues related to irrigation system and natural hazards (droughts, floods, earthquakes and
storms).
7. Issues related to conservation of habitual and biodiversity, major threats to biodiversity in
Pakistan.
8. Impacts of Industrialization on Pakistan.

Recommended Texts and Readings

1. Botkin, D. B. and Keller, E.A. Environmental Science: Earth as a living
planet. 3rd ed. New York: John Willey and Sons Inc., 2000.
2. Nebel, B. J. and Wright, R. T. Environmental Science: The way the world works, 1st ed.
London: Prentice Hall International Inc. 1998.
3. Bradbury, I. K. The Biosphere. 2nd ed. UK: John Wile and Sons inc.1988.
4. Mckinny, M. L. and Schoch, R. M. Environmental Science: Systems and solutions, USA:
Jones and Bartltt Publication Inc, 1998.
5. Emiliani, C. Planet Earth: Cosmology, Geology and the evolution of life and environment.
1973. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1973.

23
PKST-6221 Pakistan and World Affairs 3(3+0)
This course is a graduate-level course of Pakistan and Current Affairs. The primary focus of this
course is to provide the understanding of the place of Pakistan in today’s global world. This
course is designed to look into current issues while journeying through the different phases of
Pakistan history is the burden of history effects the present as well as the future; in this course
the students will be acquainted with different phases of Pakistan relationship with her
neighbours, Muslim world as well as major power since 1947 so that students can better
understand the Pakistan Affairs within a specific historical context. Pakistan, due to its unique
and significant geographical position, has several geo-political and geo-strategic alignments: it is
part of South Asia, and is influenced by developments both in Central Asia, Afghanistan and
Middle East. Such a situation dictates acquisition of consciousness on the part of the students of
Pakistan Studies to become well-aware citizens of their country.

Contents
1. Evolution And the Establishment of Pakistan
2. Introduction (Land and People of Pakistan------ Geography, Society, Natural Resources,
Agriculture, Industry and Education)
3. Constitutional and Political Evolution in Pakistan since 1947
4. Civil-Military Relations in Pakistan
5. Economic challenges in Pakistan
6. Pakistan’s External Affairs---- Foreign Policy of Pakistan and present challenges
7. Evolution of Democratic system in Pakistan
8. Nuclear Programme of Pakistan, its safety and security; International concerns
9. Pakistan’s Role in the Region
10. Changing Security Dynamics for Pakistan; Challenges to National Security of Pakistan
11. Ethnic Issues and National integration
12. Pakistan National Interests
13. Pakistan’s domestic Affairs and problems
14. Non-Traditional Security Threats in Pakistan; Role of Non-State Actors
15. Proxy Wars; Role of External Element, Regional Economic Cooperation( SAARC, ECO,
SCO)
16. Global Issues----- Globalization, Middle East Crisis, Kashmir Issue, Palestine Issue
Recommended Texts
1. Talbot, Ian (2016). Pakistan: A new History. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
2. Kazimi, M. R. (2014). Pakistan Studies. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Suggested Readings
1. Shah, Aqil (2014). The army and democracy: military politics in Pakistan. Harvard:
Harvard University Press.
2. Husain, Ishrat (2018). Governing the ungovernable, Karachi: Oxford University Press.

24
URCC-5110 Citizenship Education and Community Engagement 0 (0+0)

In recent years, community engagement has become a central dimension of governance as well
as policy development and service delivery. However, efforts to directly involve citizens in
policy processes have been bedeviled by crude understandings of the issues involved, and by
poor selection of techniques for engaging citizens. This course will provide a critical
interrogation of the central conceptual issues as well as an examination of how to design a
program of effective community engagement. This course begins by asking: Why involve
citizens in planning and policymaking? This leads to an examination of the politics of planning,
conceptualizations of "community" and, to the tension between local and professional knowledge
in policy making. This course will also analyze different types of citizen engagement and
examine how to design a program of public participation for policy making. Approaches to
evaluating community engagement programs will also be a component of the course. Moreover,
in order to secure the future of a society, citizens must train younger generations in civic
engagement and participation. Citizenship education is education that provides the background
knowledge necessary to create an ongoing stream of new citizens participating and engaging
with the creation of a civilized society.

Contents

1 Introduction to Citizenship Education and Community Engagement: Orientation

2 Introduction to Active Citizenship: Overview of the ideas, Concepts, Philosophy and Skills
3 Identity, Culture and Social Harmony: Concepts and Development of Identity
4 Components of Culture and Social Harmony, Cultural & Religious Diversity
5 Multi-cultural society and inter-cultural dialogue: bridging the differences, promoting harmony
6 Significance of diversity and its impact, Importance and domains of inter-cultural harmony
7 Active Citizen: Locally active, Globally connected
8 Importance of active citizenship at national and global level
9 Understanding community, Identification of resources (human, natural and others)
10 Human rights, Constitutionalism and citizens’ responsibilities: Introduction to human rights
11 Universalism vs relativism, Human rights in constitution of Pakistan
12 Public duties and responsibilities
13 Social Issues in Pakistan: Introduction to the concept of social problem, Causes and solutions
14 Social Issues in Pakistan (Poverty, Equal and Equitable access of resources, unemployment)
15 Social Issues in Pakistan (Agricultural problems, terrorism & militancy, governance issues)
16 Social action and project: Introduction and planning of social action project
17 Identification of problem, Ethical considerations related to project
18 Assessment of existing resources
Recommended Texts

1 Kennedy, J. K. Brunold, A. (2016). Regional Context and Citizenship Education in Asia and Europe.
New York: Routledge Falmer.
2 Macionis, J. J. Gerber, M. L. (2010). Sociology. New York: Pearson Education

Suggested Readings

1 British, Council. (2017). Active Citizen’s Social Action Projects Guide. Scotland: British Council
2 Larsen, K. A. (2013). Participation in Community Work: International Perspectives. Vishanthic
Sewpaul, Grete Oline Hole

25