Lab 5

Electrical Machines 1Yoshiko Zoe Aban
EXPERIMENT NO 5
DC MOTOR WITH SHUNT EXCITATION

Purposes:
• Start the dc motor with shunt excitation
• Invert the rotation sense of the motor
• Record the operation characteristics of the motor
Components:
• 1 dc machine stator with assembled commutator rotor and brushes
• 1 DL 10281 Supply module
• 1 DL 10282 Measurement module
• 1 DL 10283 Loads and rheostats
• 1 DL 10284 Adapter support
• 1 DL 10300A Electromagnetic brake with arms
(Weight G = 3.5N, balance weight g = 1.5N)
Electrical diagram
EXPERIMENT NO 5
Procedure
Assemble the group dc motor-brake, by using the stator of the direct current machine completed
with commutator rotor and brushes.
Carry out the circuit shown in the previous topographical diagram.
Set the supply module DL 10281 for a fixed direct voltage 32V/14A: (selector “a0b” to position
“a” and switch L+/L- to position “0”) and for a variable direct voltage 0-40V/5A (selector
“c0d” to position “c” and control knob to 0%).
Set on the measurement module DL 10282, the ammeter and the voltmeter for direct current
measurements and observe the polarities (+ at red terminal).
Set on the module DL 10283 the starting rheostat RA = (1Ω + 2Ω) for maximum resistance
(control knob to position “b”) and the switch R to position “0” (maximum counterclockwise
rotation); set the excitation rheostat RF = 80 Ω with the minimum resistance (control knob to
position “a”).
Activate the supply module and supply the motor by setting the swith L+/L- to position “1”;
the motor starts and it turns clockwise. Stop the group again by setting the switch L+/L- to
position “0”.
Invert the connection F1 and F6 and start the group again by setting the switch L+/L- to position
“1”; the motor turns now counterclockwise.
Stop the group by setting the switch L+/L- to position “0” and restore the initial connection of
the excitation winding.
Start then the group again: the motor has to turn clockwise.
Switch off gradually and completely the starting rheostat RA (control knob to position “a” and
then short-circuit the rheostat RA by setting the switch R position “1”): adjust the excitation
rheostat RF in such a way that the shunt excitation current is Ie = 0.9A, that has to remain
constant during all the test.
With the rotating group provide to balance the brake: the system is balanced by setting the
wight G = (2+1.5)N in correspondence of the zero of the graduated scale and by moving the
balance weight g= 1.5 N until the water level shows the horizontal position.
After the group has reached the thermal stability, control the excitation current Ie and measure
the excitation voltage Ue, the voltage U and the supply current I of the motor and the speed N.
The motor is therefore loaded by steps by means of the brake: the load is carried out by moving
the weight G at a distance b from the zero position and therefore, by means of the variable
direct voltage 0-40 V, its excitation current is adjusted until balancing the system again.
EXPERIMENT NO 5
By checking that the excitation current is the pre-established on perform the measurements
previously shown for every value of arm b shown in the following table, where also the
measurement indications are therefore written.
Ie = 0.7 A Ue = ……. V
U I Pin G B T N P η
(V) (A) (W) (N) (m) (Nm) (rpm) (W) (%)
41.4 2.0 82.8 3.5 0.0 0.0 3104 0 0
41.3 2.712 112.0056 3.5 0.02 0.07 3037 22.2582 19.87
41.2 3.472 143.0464 3.5 0.04 0.14 2974 43.5930 30.47
41.1 4.144 170.3184 3.5 0.06 0.21 2884 63.4105 37.23
41.0 4.928 202.048 3.5 0.08 0.28 2786 81.6744 40.35
40.8 5.672 231.4176 3.5 0.10 0.35 2683 93.3185 40.32
40.8 6.384 260.4672 3.5 0.12 0.42 2577 113.3210 43.51
Stop the group by setting the switch L+/L- to position “0” and deenergize the brake.
If we foresee a further starting of the motor set the starting rheostat R A to position “b” again
(maximum resistance) and the switch R to position “0” and the excitation rheostat Rf to position
“a” (minimum resistance).
Complete the table with the calculated values of:
-power factor
Pin = UI
-output power
P = 0.1047 TN
-efficiency
𝑃
η=𝑃 100
𝑖𝑛
EXPERIMENT NO 5
Draw on the same diagram the output power P, the speed N, the torque T and the efficiency η
as a function of the absorbed current I.
LEGEND
Power and Current Relationship
Speed and Current Relationship
Torque and Current Relationship
Efficiency and Current Relationship
Draw on a diagram the mechanical characteristic M = f(n).
LEGEND
Torque and Speed Relationship
EXPERIMENT NO 5
Post Laboratory Questions

1. What was the relationship between the armature current and the speed of the motor?
There exists an inverse relationship between armature current and motor speed in a DC
shunt motor: as speed increases, armature current decreases, assuming constant power
output and stable supply voltage.
2. How did the motor's performance change when the field current was varied?
Varying the field current in a DC shunt motor significantly affects its torque, speed,
and overall performance characteristics, making it a crucial parameter for effective
motor control and operation.
3. What effect did changing the load have on the motor's performance?
Changing the load on a DC shunt motor leads to slight reductions in speed and increases
in armature current and torque, allowing the motor to maintain performance and reach
a new equilibrium under varying load conditions.
4. Was the motor able to maintain a steady speed under different loads?
Yes, the motor was able to maintain a steady speed under different loads, as indicated
by its ability to adjust armature current in response to load changes while keeping speed
relatively constant.
5. How did the measured values compare to the theoretical values for the motor's
performance?
The measured values for the motor's performance in the experiment were expected to
align closely with theoretical values, reflecting the motor's ability to maintain a steady
speed and consistent current under varying loads, although slight discrepancies may
arise due to factors such as inefficiencies and measurement errors.
6. Were there any sources of error in the experiment that could have affected the results?
Yes, there were potential sources of error in the experiment that could have affected the
results, such as miscalibrated measurement instruments, loose connections, variations
in supply voltage, and mechanical issues like vibrations or misalignment of the motor
components.
7. How could the experiment be improved to obtain more accurate results?
To obtain more accurate results in the experiment, the setup could be improved by
ensuring precise calibration of measurement instruments, minimizing electrical noise
and vibrations, implementing more controlled environmental conditions, and using
advanced control techniques such as PID controllers for better regulation of speed and
load.
8. What are some practical applications of DC shunt motors?
EXPERIMENT NO 5
DC shunt motors are commonly used in applications requiring consistent speed, such
as centrifugal pumps, elevators, fans, blowers, textile machinery, and machine tools.
9. How does the performance of a DC shunt motor compare to that of other types of
motors?
DC shunt motors maintain a relatively constant speed and offer better efficiency
across varying loads compared to DC series motors, which provide higher starting
torque but experience greater speed variations under load.
10. What are some potential limitations or drawbacks of using a DC shunt motor in a real-
world application?
The potential limitations or drawbacks of using a DC shunt motor in real-world
applications include lower efficiency compared to other motor types, increased
maintenance needs due to brush wear, bulkiness and weight relative to modern
alternatives, and limited starting torque which may not be suitable for high-torque
applications.

Lab 5

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lab 5

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lab 5

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Electrical Machines 1Yoshiko Zoe Aban

DC MOTOR WITH SHUNT EXCITATION

Draw on a diagram the mechanical characteristic M = f(n).

Post Laboratory Questions

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.