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DNA Fingerprinting Overview

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Jeevan Naik
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4 views

DNA Fingerprinting Overview

Uploaded by

Jeevan Naik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA Fingerprinting Overview

1. Introduction

DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA profiling, is a method used to identify individuals based on

unique patterns in their DNA.

Originally developed in the 1980s, it has become an essential tool in forensic science, paternity

testing, and wildlife conservation.

2. Principles and Techniques

Several techniques are used in DNA fingerprinting, with the main ones being:

- **Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)**: One of the earliest methods, using

restriction enzymes to cut DNA into fragments.

- **Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)**: Amplifies DNA segments, allowing for analysis even with

small samples.

- **Short Tandem Repeats (STR)**: Analyzes specific DNA regions that vary greatly among

individuals, widely used in forensic science.

3. Applications

DNA fingerprinting is widely used in various fields:

- **Forensics**: Assists in identifying suspects and victims in criminal cases.

- **Paternity Testing**: Determines biological relationships.

- **Wildlife Conservation**: Helps track and protect endangered species.

4. Advantages and Limitations

Advantages:

- High accuracy in individual identification.

- Useful even with minimal DNA samples.

Limitations:

- Ethical concerns related to privacy.


- Requires skilled personnel and quality DNA samples.

5. Conclusion

DNA fingerprinting remains a powerful tool for identity verification and forensic analysis. Advances in

technology promise to enhance accuracy and accessibility, solidifying its role in science and society.

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