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    Lecture 01 - Intro To Python

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    Lecture 01 - Intro To Python

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    Ten Ten
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    Lecture 01 - Intro to Python

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    16 views19 pages

    Lecture 01 - Intro To Python

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    Ten Ten

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Introduction to Python

    Programming

    Le Thanh Son
    Hardware and Software
    • Hardware
    – Computers are dumb
    – The electronics, circuits, monitor, mouse, keyboard,
    devices of the computer.
    • Software
    – The Operating Systems:
    • interface between hardware and software
    • manage input/output, resources, handle execution of programs.
    • Multitasking
    • Unix, Linux, Windows, Mac OSX…
    – Programs and applications that run on computer.
    – Early computers had to be rewired in order to run different
    application.
    – Software allow using the same computer for multiple
    application
    The Moore’s Law
    • Every two years, the capacities of computers are
    doubled inexpensively
    • By Gordon Moore, co-founder of Intel
    • Observations apply to
    – Memory
    – Storage
    – Processor speed…
    • Still applied
    Computer Organization
    • Input Unit
    – Input devices
    – Keyboards, touch screens, mouses, voice command,
    reading from secondary storage devices…
    • Output Unit
    – Output devices
    – Screens, printers, secondary storage devices, VR devices…
    • Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
    – Perform calculations
    • Central Processing Unit
    – Administrative section
    • Storage
    – Primary storage, main memory, volatitle
    – Secondary storage
    Data
    • Bits
    – Binary digit: 0 or 1

    • Characters
    – Decimal digits
    – Letters
    – Symbols

    • Fields
    • Records
    • Files
    • Databases
    • Big Data
    – KB, MB, GB, TB
    – PB, EB, ZB
    Computer Program
    • What is a computer program
    – Collection of instructions
    – Approach/method used to solve a problem: ALGORITHM
    – Different program  different set of actions, different task
    – The machine (hardware) stays the same, but the program
    changes
    – Easier to change software than hardware
    Programming
    • The process of making software is called
    programming
    • Write the instructions necessary to implement the
    algorithm using programming language
    • Why programming?
    – Computers are popular
    – Everything uses computer: phones, laptops, cars, toys, airplanes…
    Programming Language
    • Express the computer instructions in particular
    statements
    • Natural language has ambiguity and imprecision
    problems when describing complex algorithm
    • Programs express in unambiguous, precise way
    • Syntax
    • Semantic
    • Process of implementing an algorithm in a
    programming language: coding
    Programming Language
    • Machine Languages
    – Binary
    – Machine dependent
    • Assembly Languages
    – Use abbreviations to present operations
    – Example:
    add payment bonus
    store payment
    – Need assembler to convert to machine language
    • High Level Languages
    – Similar to everyday English, understood by humans
    – Use common mathematical notations
    – Need compiler/translator to convert to machine understandable form
    – Example: Python, C, C++, Java…
    • Compiling vs Interpreting
    Structured (Procedural)
    Programming Technology
    • Disciplined approach to programming: clear and easy
    to modify
    • Making extensive use of control flow structures:
    sequential statements, selection, repetition, block,
    subroutines
    • Example: Pascal, C
    Object-Oriented
    Programming Technology
    • Organized software design around data, objects
    • Object: attributes + behaviors
    • Object interact with each other
    • Example: C++, Java, Smalltalk, Python
    History of Python
    • Created in 1989 by Guido van Rossum
    – Created as a scripting language for administrative tasks
    – Based on All Basic Code (ABC) programming language
    – Named after popular BBC comedy show at that time,
    “Monty Python’s Flying Circus”
    • Released publicly in Feb 1991, version 0.9
    – Fast growing
    – Well-supported programming language
    – 3.0 released in 2008
    Python
    • Python is a scripting language
    – Not compiled as an executable file
    • Structured programming like C
    • OOP like C++
    • Open source
    Uses of Python
    • Data Science
    • Data Mining
    • Desktop Applications
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Web App
    • Machine Learning
    • Computer Vision…
    Popular Frameworks and Libraries
    • Web (server): Django, Flask, Pyramid, CherryPy
    • GUI: Tk, PyGTK, PyQt, PyJs
    • Machine Learning: TensorFlow, PyTorch
    • Mathematics: NumPy, Pandas
    Difference between 2.x and 3.x

    Basic comparison 3.x 2.x


    Year 2008 2000
    Function print print(“Hello”) print “Hello”
    Division of integers Float value Integer value
    Unicode Default is Unicode String needs to be defined
    with “u”
    Syntax Simpler Comparatively more
    difficult to read
    IDEs
    • Pycharm
    • Visual Studio Code
    • Jupyter Notebook
    • Google Colab
    Let’s Python
    • Download Python:
    https://www.python.org/downloads/
    • Install. Mac OSX: can install from Homebrew
    • Check version: python -version
    QnA

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