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233/1
FORM 4
CHEMISTRY
PAPER 1
TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS

SET 1
- Answer all the questions in the spaces provided
- Mathematical tables and silent electronic calculators may be used
- All working must be clearly shown where necessary

For examiners use only

The Examiner 1 SET 1

 1. The figure below shows the cooling curve for water is gaseous state.

i) Using the same axis draw a curve obtained if the water used in the experiment was
impure.

(1mk)

ii) Name the process taking place between

S and T (1mk)

U and V (1mk)

The Examiner 2 SET 1

2. On addition of a few drops of aqeous sodium hydroxide to solution M a white precipitate
forms which dissolves on a addition of excess sodium hydroxide. A white precipitate forms
when solution M is reacted with sodium chloride solution. Suggest the identity of the cation
present and explain. (2mks)

3. 1g of sodium hydroxide is added to 30cm3 of 1M HCl. How many cm3 of 0.1M KOH solution
will be needed to neutralize the excess acid. (3mks)

4. Describe how you can prepare crystals of magnesium chloride starting with 50cm3 of 2M
magnesium hydroxide. (3mks)

The Examiner 3 SET 1

5.Use the following information to answer the questions that follow

H lattice Mgcl2 = -2489 KJ/ mol -1

H hydration Mg2+ = - 1891 kJ/ mol

H hydration Cl - = -384 kJ/ mol

a) Calculate the heat of solution of magnesium chloride. (2mks)

b)Draw an energy level diagram for the dissolving of magnesium chloride. (2mks)

6.The reaction between hydrochloric acid and potassium dichromate can be used to demonstrate
a reversible reaction. The ionic equation is given below

2Cro42- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) Cr2O7 2- (aq) + H20 (l)

Yellow orange

Explain the observation that would be made when dilute hydrochloride acid is added to the
equilibrium mixture. (2mks)

The Examiner 4 SET 1

7.The table below gives the rate of decay for a sample of a radioactive element P

Mass of P (g) number of days

48 0

18 90

6 180

a)Determine its half-life (2mks)

b)Complete the following nuclear equation. (1mk)

233 0

Pa + e

91 -1

8. Study the following flow chart. Use it to answer the question that follow

a)Identify (3mks)

i) Solid A

ii)Solid B

iii)Gas E

The Examiner 5 SET 1

b)Name the reagents used in step (2mks)

i) I

ii) II

9.i)Name two salts responsible for permanent hardness of water. (2mks)

ii)Explain the precipitation method used to remove water hardness. (1mk)

10. When steam was passed over heated charcoal as shown in the diagram, below, hydrogen and
carbon (II) oxide gases were formed.

a)Write the equation for the reaction which takes place. (1mk)

b)Name two uses of carbon (II) oxide gas which are also uses of hydrogen gas. (2mks)

11.a) State and explain the observations made when a few drops of concentrated Sulphuric (vi)
acid is added to sucrose ( C12, O22,O11) (2mks)

The Examiner 6 SET 1

b)Using an equation show how the above reaction takes place. (1mk)

12.Students from Sunshine Secondary School suspected that some water contained either
sulphate or sulphite cons. Explain how the ion present can be determined. (3mks)

13.A mixture of ethane, oxygen and nitrogen are ignited. On cooling the residual gas occupied
58 cm3 when shaken with aqeous alkali, the volume was reduced to32 cm3. A further 18 cm3 of
the product was absorbed by alkaline pyrogallo. Calculate the composition of the original
mixture. ( C = 12, H = 1, N = 14, O = 16 and molar volume at r.t.p = 24dm3. (4mks)

14.0.24g of a divalent metal x dissolves in 50 cm3 of 0.25 M sulphuric acid. The resulting
solution required 5.0 cm3 of 1.0 M sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize the excess acid. What
is the reactive atomic mass of x.

The Examiner 7 SET 1

15.Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.

a)Identify liquid x (1mk)

b)Write an equation for the reaction that occurs in the flask. (1mk)

c)Describe the confirmatory test for oxygen gas. (1mk)

16.When zinc metal is reacted with a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in water there is
effervescence. When the experiment is repeated with a solution of hydrogen chloride gas in
methylbenzene there is no observable change. Explain this observations. (3mks)

17. Compare the rate of diffusion of carbon dioxide (CO2) & ozone (O3) at the same temperature.
(C = 12, O = 16 ) (3mks)

The Examiner 8 SET 1

18. Starting with Lead metal describe how to prepare a solid sample of Lead (II) Sulphate salt.

(3mks)

19.Given the following reaction

HCN(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCN (aq) + H2O(l)

T1 = initial temperature of solutions before additions = 18.0oC

T2 = final temperature of solution at neutralization = 19.2oC

50 cm3 1M HCN

50 cm3 1M NaOH

Calculate Molar enthalpy of neutralization of hydrogen cyanide (3mks)

20.Compound K reacts with sodium hydroxide as shown

The Examiner 9 SET 1

a)What type of reaction is represented by the equation. (1mk)

b)To what class of organic compounds does K belong. (1mk)

c)How is M separated from aqueous mixture of L and M. (1mk)

21.Draw a diagram to show how an aluminium spoon can be electroplated with pure copper.

(2mks)

22.An ion of element Z can be represented as shown below,

Use the information to answer the questions that follow

a)Identify the period in which the element belong. (½mk)

b)Write the electron configuration of the ion of Z ( ½mk)

c)What would be the nature of the solution of the chloride of Z if dissolved in water. (1mk)

The Examiner 10 SET 1

23. What is PH scale (1mk)

ii) State whether the values of the following solution are strong or weak acids and bases.

PH = 8 (½mk)

PH = 5 (½ mk)

PH = 2 (½ mk)

PH = 13 (½mk)

24.Draw the structure of;

a) i) Hydroxonium ion H3O+ (1mk)

ii) Aluminium oxide (Al = 13, 0 = 8) (1mk)

b) Aluminium chloride has a melting point of 120oC while Aluminium oxide has a melting point
of 2977oC. In terms of structure and bonding explain how the differences come about. (2mks)

The Examiner 11 SET 1

25.State the use of the following laboratory apparatus

i)

ii)

26.The diagram below shows heating of Lead nitrate

i)State the observations made in the above experiment (2mks)

ii) Write an equation for the reaction that takes place. (1mk)

27.Give two differences between nuclear reactions and chemical reactions. (2mks)

The Examiner 12 SET 1

28. 3.1 g of an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only produced 4.4 g
of carbon oxide and 2.0 g of water on complete combustion:

a)Calculate its empirical formulae (2mks)

b)Calculate its molecular formulae if its formulae mass is 62. (2mks)

29. Two cleansing agents are represented below

i) R – COO-Na and ii) R – OSO3-Na+

a) Name the detergents (2mks)

i)

ii)

b) Select one of the detergents that would be suitable for washing in water containing
magnesium chloride. Explain. (2mks)

The Examiner 13 SET 1

30.Use the data below to calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction below

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H20 (l) (3mks)

Bond Energy (KJ)

C–H 314

O=O 296

C=O 149

H–O 283

The Examiner 14 SET 1