Quarter 4: Lesson 4 &5

Subject: Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in 21st Century

Grade & Section: G12- HUMSS Aristotle

Lesson 4: ICT in Social Relationships and Political Movements

Content:
Delving into Information and
Communication Technology

 The term “internet” was first introduced in 1974 and internet is an

abbreviation of the words “inter-networking”. The term “Internet and
Communication Technology” has been used by researchers in the 1980s, but
only became widely used in the 90s after a report to the British government by
Dennis Stevenson.
 Information and Communication Technology enables the various
forms of communication that we enjoy today, for instance, the internet which
paved the way for social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.
According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organizations (UNESCO), Information and Communication Technology or ICT
is the collective term that refers to:
 the tools and the processes to access retrieve, store, organize,
manipulate, produce, present and exchange information by electronic and
other automated means. These include hardware, software and
telecommunications in the forms of personal computers, scanners, digital
cameras, phones, faxes, modern CD and DVD players and recorders,
digitized video, radio, and TV programmes and multimedia programmes.
Information and Communication Technologies are mechanism that help
us in transmitting, receiving, storing, accessing and processing
information through electronic media. This definition enables us to include
computers and telecommunication devices while conveniently excluding
printers media such as books, magazine and newspapers, yet admits their
digital versions such as e-books and e- journals, among others.
 Developments in ICT have put most part of the world within reach of
information dissemination and connectivity. This enables us to relatively fast -
track many researches, procedures and processes that need real-time and up
to-date information to accomplish which results in us having a lot of the things
that we are able to enjoy today and make our lives easier.
Social Relationships in the
World of ICT

Social Relationships and Social Media

 Social media can negatively affect relationships when you start comparing yourself
to other people, including your friends, just based on their social media accounts, Moore
says. For example, some may fear their lives aren't as good as their friends' and withdraw
from friendships because they feel they're not good enough.
The Impact of Technology on People’s Social Relationships
1. Bringing People Together
The primary issue that many people faced only two decades ago was
communication. All of us were limited to a close set of people with whom we could
communicate.
2. Easier 0rganization of Communities
It’s not only we can communicate with a single person, but it is possible to create
group chats where you can exchange messages with both small and big groups of people.
3. Birth of New Issues in Face-to-Face Communication
While being able to communicate with people online has improved social
relationships significantly, there are some issues with face-to-face communication. This
also causes frustration in different social circles, especially if we are referring to quality
Family time.
Social Relations and Technology: Continuity, Context, and Change
1. The Convoy Model of Social Relations
The convoy model was developed to specify the scientific study of social relations by
detailing the antecedent factors influencing social relations (personal and situational),
identifying multiple dimensions of social relations, and illustrating how these factors
influence health and well-being
2. Population Demographic Shifts
Technological advances have occurred within the context of broader demographic
changes, including shifts in mortality, fertility, mobility, and marital patterns .
3. Intergenerational Relations
Families are changing such that intergenerational ties, especially those across
more than two generations, are becoming increasingly salient .
4. Immigrant Aging
New and varied ways to communicate across geographic distances have created a
world of possibilities for immigrants. The advent of communication technologies such as
Skype, WhatsApp, Viber, and FaceTime (among others), has made the ability to connect
with close others who are geographically distant almost effortless.
5. Marital Patterns
A population trend that has widespread implications for how older adults use
technology is the heterogeneity of marital statuses, including “gray divorce” .

6. Social Relations and Health

New technologies have been found to directly influence health due to the
possibilities they generate to better connect with others. New ways to create and sustain
social relations may represent viable alternative sources for developing a sense of
community in situations where mobility is limited or restricted.
7. Social Support, Intervention, and Technology
Innovative uses of technology have been applied to create social support
interventions that maximize good health and well-being. Use of the Internet has opened
new avenues for enhancing social support .
Political Movements in the
World of ICT
Politics and Social Media
 Politics and social unrest have been around since man first
gathered into groups in order to survive. Someone always wants to be in
charge, and someone is always unhappy with the way things are. Leaders
have always used private or public communication tools and propaganda
to gain or maintain power, and those who oppose them have always used
the same to overcome them when necessary.
Social and Political Movement
 A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of
people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. This
may be to carry out, resist or undo a social change. It is a type of group
action and may involve individuals, organizations or both.
Four Types of Social and Political Movements: redemptive,
reformative, revolutionary and alternative.
Political Movements in the Philippines: Communism in the
 Philippines, Environmentalism in the Philippines, Federalism in the
Philippines, Islamism in the Philippines, Left-wing politics in the
Philippines, Filipino nationalism, Separatism in the Philippines, Socialism
in the Philippines.
ICT: Empowering not
Enslaving Technologies
The Core Rules of Netiquette
Rule 1: Remember the human
The golden rule must apply even in the cyberspace. You do not see the facial
expressions of a person. When communicating with a person, especially with a
stranger, always ask the question: “Would you say it to the person’s face?”
Rule 2: Adhere to the same standards of behaviour online that you follow in
real life.
You should not change your persona whenever you are in front of the
screen.
Rule 3: Know where you are in cyberspace.
There are different areas or domains in the cyberspace and the type of
people also vary. The culture or self- imposed rules (on posting) varies on different
websites. This is prevalent in forum boards and on social media services where
anyone can comment.
Rule 4: Respect other people’s time and bandwidth.
Rule 5: Make yourself look good online.
You will mostly be judged for your writing, so read and read in order to make
comments and messages with good spelling and grammar.
Online Safety and Ethics
Keeping yourself safe online
According to Google’s support page, you should:
1. Check for virus and malware.
2. Do an account Security Check up.
3. Google has a Security Check up Feature in your account’s page
that allows an overall check-up and for a possible update of
your details.
4. Update your account recovery options.
5. Enrol in 2-step verification.

Activity #01
Directions: Make a collage of different pictures of ICT tools. You can integrate using
Indigenous materials that can be found in your locality. Make your own title about
your collage. Then write short narratives about your collage. Use long bond paper for your collage. (50pts.)

Lesson 5: Neural Networks

Content:
Our Connections and
Relationship in the 21st Century
Collaboration as a Vital Skill in the 21st Century
 Collaboration has become a 21st century trend. The need in society to think
and work together on issues of critical concern has increased, shifting the
emphasis from individual efforts to group work, from independence to community.
7 Reasons Why Collaboration is Important
1. It helps us problem-solve
2. Collaboration brings people (and organizations) closer together
3. Collaboration helps people learn from each other
4. It opens up new channels for communication
5. Collaboration boosts morale across your organization
6. It leads to higher retention rates
7. Collaboration makes us more efficient workers

The Differences of Connections, Relationship

and Networks
Connections and Networks
 A network is two or more devices connected through links. A link is a
communication’s pathway that transfers data from one device to another. For
communication to occur, two devices must be connected in some way to the same
link at the same time. One characteristic of networks is that it enables flow of
information, flow of the resources and flow of exchange among others.
The Human Brain as the
Neural Network
Neural Networks
 Neural networks are groups of neurons that work together to carry out a
process because individual neurons cannot carry enough information to do one
process at a time. A good example is the determination of the taste of food or the
color of an object. In the processing of colors, there are only four-labeled lines
carrying information about red, green, blue and yellow light.
 Complex network of neurons are required in this process. However, the
neural networks are where the most complex neural processing is carried out
through the “computing” work of the brain. And sometimes, these networks involve
a relatively small number of neurons in a single area. But because researchers
have found these networks to be inaccessible and complex, some are creating
artificial neural networks on computers.
Artificial Neural Networks
Artificial Neural Networks- is a special type of machine learning algorithms that
are modelled after the human brain. It is composed of connection, activation,
propagation function and network input, output function and learning strategy.
The tangible results of these artificial neural networks that we see nowadays are
the artificial intelligence that is being developed in robots and the advanced
computers.
Structure of Artificial Neural Networks
1. Input units- receive various forms and structures of information based on an
internal weighting system, and the neural network attempts to learn about the
information presented to produce one output report.
2. Hidden Layers- In the middle of the ANN model are the hidden layers. There
can be a single hidden layer, as in the case of a perceptron or multiple hidden
layers. These hidden layers perform various types of mathematical computation
on the input data and recognize the patterns that are part of.
3. Output Layer- In the output layer, we obtain the result that we acquired
through rigorous computations performed by the middle layer.
4. Backpropagation- A process using the error functions, calculating the
discrepancies between the predicted output and resulting output and adjust the
weights of the neural network
Activity#02
Direction: Think at least (5) of any human inventions that are best comparable with the
human brain and answer the process questions below. Write your answer in one whole sheet
of intermediate paper. (50pts.)

Process Question:
1. What are your bases in selecting such inventions?
2. Which do you think is better, human brain or human inventions? Explain.
3. What do you think is the contribution of human inventions to the
advancement of the society.