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    Sem3-TaD-dl Lesson 1-2 Excersises With Answers

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    Núria Valero Guerra

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    Sem3-TaD-dl Lesson 1-2 Excersises With Answers

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    Núria Valero Guerra
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    7 views7 pages

    Sem3-TaD-dl Lesson 1-2 Excersises With Answers

    Uploaded by

    Núria Valero Guerra

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 7

    AUM3-TaD

    Exercises week 1-2. (Answers are given on the last pages of this document)

    Data:

    Mass 1200 kg
    Total gear ratio itot = 3,93
    Power train efficiency 85%
    Dynamic tyre radius 32 cm
    Air resistance coefficient Cw = 0,35
    Frontal Area A = 1,87 m2
    Air density 1,28 kg/m3
    Rolling resistance coefficient frol = 0,012
    Gravitation constant 9,81 m/s2

    Question 1
    A vehicle is driving uphill (7%) with a speed of 70 km/h.
    The wind speed is 5 m/s (headwind)
    Calculate:
    a) Traction force
    b) Engine power take off
    c) Engine torque
    d) Engine revs

    When the driver hits the gas, there will be an extra 10 kW available at the driven wheels. The
    acceleration that follows is 0.30 m/s2.
    e) Calculate the rotational inertia coefficient λ.

    The vehicle has an engine with the power and


    60,0 300
    torque characteristics in the picture.
    50,0 250
    Effective engine revs:
    Nmin = 1500 rpm
    40,0 200
    Nmax torque = 3000 rpm
    Nmax = 5000 rpm
    30,0 150
    Final drive ratio = 3,93:1
    20,0 100
    Requirements for the gear box:
    - Theoretical top speed: 198 km/h
    10,0 50
    - Max. gradient in 1st gear is 40%
    0,0 0
    Calculate: 1 2 3 4 5 6
    f) Gear ratio for highest gear
    Vermogen P in kW 10,5 24,3 39,3 48,6 52,4 47,1
    g) Gear ratio for 1st gear
    h) Proposition for number of gears Koppel M in Nm 100 116 125 116 100 75
    i) Max gradient in highest gear at 120 Toerental n *1000
    km/h without any wind.
    Vermogen P in kW Koppel M in Nm

    1
    AUM3-TaD

    Question 2:

    The following details are known about this vehicle:


    Mass: 1500 kg
    Cw: 0,31
    Frontal area: 1,65 m2
    Maximum engine torque Mmax 142 Nm @ 4800 RPM
    Maximum engine power Pmax 77 kW @ 5800 RPM
    Drive train efficiency: 0,85
    Specific mass air: 1,26 kg/m3
    Maximum velocity: 195 km/h
    Gear ratio final drive: 4
    Dynamic rolling radius: 0,3 m
    Roll resistance coefficient frol 0,018
    Max. driveable gradient  18o
    Gravitational acceleration: 10 m/s2

    Exercise: Determine the five gear ratios on two different methods:

    a. according to the geometric range

    b. according to the transformed geometric range of Jante with modulus m =1,1

    c. draw the saw profile diagram (x-axis:velocity/y-axis: engine revolutions) of both ranges

    2
    AUM3-TaD

    Question 3:

    Data:

    mg

    Picture: Volvo (photo), modified by HAN Automotive

    The following specifications are known about the vehicle above:


    Mass: 1505 kg
    Cw: 0,34
    Frontal area: 2,13 m2
    Maximum engine torque Mmax 220 Nm @ 3750 rpm
    Maximum engine power Pmax 103 kW @ 4500 rpm
    Drive train efficiency: 0,87
    Air density: 1,26 kg/m3
    Maximum velocity: 205 km/h
    Final drive ratio: 3,780
    Dynamic tire radius: 0,330 m
    Rolling resistance coefficient frol 0,018
    Maximum gradient : 22°
    Gravitation constant: 10 m/s2

    Calculation of i1:
    a. Draw in the figure the traction force FA with front wheel drive
    b. Name the forces that play a major role when driving away on a gradient.

    c. Set up the equation for the equilibrium of forces for calculating i1.

    d. What assumption do you take when stating that maximum torque can be used to drive away
    uphill?

    e. Calculate the minimum required traction torque in first gear i1.

    f. Calculate i1.

    Calculation of i5:
    g. Name the forces that play a major role when calculating i5?

    h. Set up the equation for calculating the maximum velocity.

    i. At what rpm can is the maximum velocity the highest?

    j. Calculate i5.

    3
    AUM3-TaD

    Calculation of i2, i3 and i4


    k. Fill the table below completely for a geometric range and determine “k”

    i5 = 0,722 X X X

    i4 = … …· i5 X X X

    i3 = … …· i4 i3 = … …· i5 X X

    i2 = … …· i3 i2 = … …· i4 i2 = … …· i5 X

    i1 = … …· i2 i1 = … …· i3 i1 = … …· i4 i1 = … …· i5

    l. Calculate i2, i3, i4.

    m. Fill the table below completely for the transformed geometric range of Jante with m = 1.1 and
    determine “k”

    X i5 = 0,722 X

    k4 = i 4 = · i5 X

    k3 = i3 = · i4 i 3 = · i5

    k2 = i2 = · i3 i 2 = · i5

    k1 = i1 = · i2 i 1 = · i5

    n. Calculate i2, i3, i4.

    o. What is the velocity in 1st gear at 6000 rpm?

    p. Draw for both ranges the saw tooth diagrams. Indicate what is on the X- and Y-axis. Include the values
    on the axes.

    4
    AUM3-TaD

    Geometric range:

    i5 =

    i4 =

    i3 =

    i2 =

    i1 =

    Transformed of Jante

    i5 =
    i4 =
    i3 =
    i2 =
    i1 =

    5
    AUM3-TaD

    Answers

    Question 1: Calculate:
    a) Traction force: Ft = Frol + Fslope + Fair = 141 + 821 + 249 = 1,2 kN
    b) Engine power: P = (F*v)/ꞃ = (1212*19.4) / 0.85 =27,7 kW
    c) Engine torque: T = (F*r)/(i*ꞃ) = (1212*0.32)/(3.93*0.85) = 116,1 Nm
    d) Engine revs: n=(v*i)/(2π*0.32)= 37.9 rps = 2275 rpm
    e) Rotational inertia coefficient λ. F = P/v = λ*m*a = 10.103/19.4 = λ*1200*0.3 ; λ=1.43
    f) Gear ratio highest gear v=(2π*r*n)=55m/s; nw=27Hz; nm= 83Hz ; iZ =(nm/(ifinal*nw)=0,78
    g) Gear ratio 1st gear Te=(Frol+Fslope)*r/(ꞃ*ifinal*i1)
    i1 =( (141+4372)*0.32) / (0.85*3.93*125) = 3,45
    h) Number of gears z = 1+log(i1/iz)/logk = 1+log(3.45/0.78)/log1.66 = 3,92 ; advice = 4 gears
    i) Gradient ne=3050 rpm, Pe=39.3kW, Pt=Pe*Ꞃ=Ft*v=(465+141+395)*33.3; α=1.9° (=3,3%)

    Question 2: Determine the five gear ratios on two different methods:


    a) according to the geometric range
    • (ilow = 3,06 ; ihigh = 0,84)
    • (k = 1,3815: i1=3,06, i2=2,21, i3=1,6, i4=1.16 and i5=0,84)

    b) according to the transformed geometric range of Jante with modulus m =1,1


    • (k = 1,1975: i1=3,06, i2=1,92, i3=1,35, i4=1.00 and i5=0,84)
    c) draw the sawtooth diagram (x-axis:velocity/y-axis: engine revolutions) of both ranges

    rpm rpm
    6000 6000

    4000 4000

    2000 2000

    60 120 180 60 120 180


    Km/h Km/h

    6
    AUM3-TaD

    Question 3
    a)

    b) Rolling resistance and gradient resistance


    c) Ftraction – Fresistance = 0 N
    d) There is enough grip available to prevent wheel spin
    e) 1958,4 Nm
    f) 2,70
    g) Rolling resistance and air resistance
    h) Ptraction = Pengine,max *η = Ftraction*vmax
    i) at nPmax = 4500 rpm (=75 rps)
    j) i5 = 0.72
    k) k=1.39
    l) i4=1.005; i3=1.398; i2=1.945
    m) k=1.21
    n) i4=0.87; i3=1.15; i2=1.68
    o) v1 =(i5/i1)v5=0,722/2,707*273=72,90 km/h
    rpm rpm
    4500 4500

    3000 3000

    1500 1500

    70 140 210 70 140 210


    Km/h Km/h

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