Class 08 Invert

SUBJECT VERB
AGREEMENT
Shampod Bhowmick
English Instructor of ACS & Crowning English
with Shampod
Subject Verb Agreement
✓ Latin ভাষায় Syntax এর অর্ থ– বাক্য গঠন (Sentence Building).
✓ Syntax হচ্ছে বাচ্ছক্য সবকক্ছুর সাজাচ্ছনার পদ্ধকি/কবনযাস যার কিনটি কনয়ম আচ্ছছ-
1.Rules of Agreement (Subject এবং Verb এর কবনযাস)
2.Rules of Arrangement (বাচ্ছক্য Subject এর অবস্থান)
3.Rules of Government (বাচ্ছক্য এক্ word কর্ৃত ক অনয Word এর কনয়ন্ত্রণ)
Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

EXAM QUESTION
In English grammar, ____ deals with formation of sentences. (36 th BCS)
A. Morphology
B. Etymology
C. Syntax
D. Semantics
Explanation : Morphology – রূপতত্ত্ব , Etymology – শব্দতত্ত্ব, Syntax – বাক্যতত্ত্ব ,Semantics – অর্থতত্ত্ব

Subject Verb Agreement হচ্ছে Subject এর Number ও Person এর অনুযায়ী Verb এর
সঠিক্ বযবহার। তাই Subject-Verb Agreement সাধারণত number ও person এর উপর ঠনর্থর
ক্চ্ছর।
✓ Singular Subject + Singular Verb
✓ Plural Subject + Plural Verb

EXAM QUESTION
“Subject-Verb Agreement” refers to - (33 rd BCS)
A. Person only
B. Number, person and gender
C. Number and person
D. Number only
TYPE - 1 (AND এর সমাচার)
CASE-1
✓ And দ্বারা যুক্ত দুইঠি ঠর্ন্নধমথী Noun/Pronoun যুক্ত হচ্ছে Verb হচ্ছব Plural.
যযমনঃ
Shampod and Pallab were classmates.
Nafis and Shakib are friends.

CASE-2
✓ And দ্বারা যুক্ত দুইঠি noun এর প্রর্মঠির পূচ্ছবথ যঠদ এক্ঠি the বচ্ছস তাহচ্ছে verb হচ্ছব singular।
যযমন :
The headmaster and secretary ________(maintain) the school.

Ans: maintains
✓ দুইঠি noun এর পূচ্ছবথ the র্াক্চ্ছে verb - plural হয়। যযমন-
The cashier and the accountant _______ (share) 25% of the company's profit.
Ans: share
EXAM QUESTION
Which one of the followings is the correct sentence? (MAT : 2011-12)
A. Shaon is the actress and singer.
B. Shaon is both the actress and singer.
C. Shaon is both an actress and singer.
D. Shaon is a actress and singer.

EXAM QUESTION
যক্ানঠি সঠিক্ Sentence? (MAT :2003-04)
A. Iqbal was the poet and philosopher.
B. Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher.
C. Iqbal was both the poet and philosopher.
D. Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher.

CASE-3
❑And এর পচ্ছর যঠদ no/not র্াচ্ছক্ তাহচ্ছে প্রর্ম subject অনুসাচ্ছর verb বচ্ছস।
Question : I and not my friends are/ am responsible for this problem.
Question : Teacher and not his students are/is to take class.
Question : Rina and not her friends study/studies well.

TYPE - 1 ( AND এর সমাচার)
CASE-4
❑দুঠি Singular Noun – “and” দ্বারা যুক্ত হচ্ছয়ও যঠদ এক্ই সত্ত্বা/বযঠক্ত/বস্তুচ্ছক্ ঠনচ্ছদথশ ক্চ্ছর তখন Verb ঠি হচ্ছব
Singular. যযমনঃ
✓ Slow and steady – ধীর ও স্থির
✓ Bread and butter – রুঠি ও মাখন
✓ Horse and Carriage – য াড়া ও গাঠড় ✓ A hue and cry – প্রচন্ড গণ প্রস্থিবাদ
✓ Fish and Curry – মাছ ও তরক্াঠর ✓ Honesty and truthfulness – সিিা ও সিযবাস্থদিা
✓ Rice and Curry – র্াত ও তরক্াঠর
✓ Crown and glory – মুকুট ও গগৌরব
✓ The sum and substance –সারমমথ
এরা সবাই Singular Subject তাই এচ্ছদর পচ্ছর Verb হচ্ছব Singular.
TYPE - 1 ( AND এর সমাচার)
CASE-4
✓ Examples:
Bread and butter is my favourite breakfast.
Crown and glory has attracted Macbeth.
বযঠতক্রম:
✓ Time and tide wait for none.
❑Subject এর ঠর্ন্নতা যবাঝাচ্ছত Plural হয়-
i) Gold and silver are precious metals.
ii) Fire and water do not agree.

EXAM QUESTION
Slow and steady ____ the race. (Fill in the gap) – 36 th BCS
A. win
B. wins
C. has won
D. won
EXAM QUESTION
Bread and butter ____ my favourite breakfast. Choose the right option
for the gap. (JnU-D : 2011-12)
A. is
B. are
C. have been
D. were
TYPE - 2
• As well as • Among with • In conjunction with

• In addition to • With • Accompanied with
• And not/no • Along with • Except
• Not only • In collaboration with • No less than
• Together with • Accompanied by • Including to
• Besides this
• No less than
প্রর্ৃঠত দ্বারা দুঠি subject যুক্ত হচ্ছে 1 st Subjectএর সাচ্ছর্ সঙ্গঠতপূণথ verb হচ্ছব।

EXAM QUESTION
Which of the following sentence has the incorrect subject-verb

agreement? (DAT:21-22)
A. Some people in my office are very annoying.
B. One hundred dollars is a lot of money for a bottle of wine.
C. Two hours is a long time to wait to see a doctor.
D. Ford in addition to Toyota are lowering its car prices to encourage better sales.
EXAM QUESTION
For the following sentence,choose the one underlined word that is incorrect in
standard written English.
Over eating, in addition to lack of attention to nutrition, are said to be the major
cause of obesity amongst the affluent. (MAT:2006-07)
A. lack
B. are
C. be
D. cause
TYPE: 3 (Either…or,Neither..nor,Not only…but also,…or….)
Either….. or , Neither….nor, Not....but, Not only….but also, ….or… দ্বারা দুচ্ছিা Noun বা
Pronoun যুক্ত হচ্ছে ঠদ্বতীয় Noun/Pronoun অনুসাচ্ছর Verb হচ্ছব।
EXAMPLES:
Neither the teacher nor the students were in the classroom this morning.
Either Shampod or his friends are going to the party.
She or her sister has gone there.

EXAM QUESTION
Neither Rini nor Simi ______ qualified for the job. (29 th BCS)
A. are
B. is
C. were
D. had
EXAM QUESTION
Neither Sufia nor I _____ capable of solving the problem.

(DU-D:2010-11)
A. are
B. were
C. am
D. is
EXAM QUESTION
Which one is the correct sentence given below – (DAT:17-18, 16-17)
A. I eat neither mangoes nor bananas.
B. Neither I eat mangoes or not I eat bananas.
C. I eat mangoes neither bananas eat.
D. I neither eat mangoes nor bananas.

TYPE: 4 (NO/EVERY/SOME/ANY)
No + body/thing/one
Every + body/thing/one
Some + body/thing/one + Singular Verb
Any + body/thing/one
EXAMPLES:
Everyone has done his or her homework.
Somebody has left her purse.
Anybody was capable of doing it.

EXAM QUESTION
Choose the correct sentence. (26 th BCS)
A. Everybody have gone there.
B. Everybody are gone there.
C. Everybody has gone there.
D. Everybody has went there.

TYPE: 5 (One of...,Either of ...,Neither of…Each of…,None of…,Any of…)
One of ….
Either of …
Neither of…
Each of… +plural noun/pronoun + Verb Singular
Any of….
None of
যযমন: 1.One of my instructors (have/has) written a letter of recommendation for
me.
2. Either of the two girls (is/are) to blame for the damage.
EXAM QUESTION
At least one of the students _____ full marks every time.

(24 BCS:Cancelled)
th
A. get
B. are getting
C. gets
D. have got
EXAM QUESTION
Neither of the students ____ turned in the term papers to the teachers
yet. (CU-D:2012-13)
A. is
B. has
C. have
D. was
TYPE : 6 (SOME OF/MOST OF/REST OF/ALL OF)
Some of, Most of, rest of, all of এচ্ছদর পচ্ছর Non Count Noun হচ্ছে verb হচ্ছব Singular,
এচ্ছদর পর Plural Noun/Pronoun র্াক্চ্ছে verb হচ্ছব Plural.
Examples:
1.Most of the students is/are happy.
2. Some of the water is/are gone.

EXAM QUESTION
Choose the correct sentence: (37 th BCS)
A. All of it depend on you.
B. All of it are depending on you.
C. All of it depends on you.
D. All of it are depended on you.

TYPE: 7 (CONCEPT: A NUMER OF)
a number of / a large number of এর অর্থ অসংখয।

তাই এর পচ্ছর plural verb হয়।
যযমন:
A number of students was not/ were not promoted to second year.
A large number of people was/were absent from the meeting yesterday.

TYPE-7 (CONCEPT: THE NUMBER OF)
The number of এর অর্থঃ সুঠনঠদথষ্ট/ ঠনঠদথষ্ট সংখযক্

The number of এর পচ্ছর singular verb বচ্ছস। যযমনঃ
➢ The number of participant is increasing day by day.
➢ The number of student have/has dropped.
➢ The number of good teacher have/has risen.

EXAM QUESTION
The number of COVID-19 related deaths_________ the world. (DU-

D:2021-22)
A. have overwhelmed
B. has overwhelmed
C. are overwhelming
D. has been overwhelmed

TYPE-8 (USAGE OF PERCENTAGE)
CASE-1
যক্াচ্ছনা percentage এর পচ্ছর uncountable noun র্াক্চ্ছে verb - singular হচ্ছব। যযমন:
About 20% of water are/ is pure.
About 40% of furniture is/are broken.

TYPE-8 (USAGE OF PERCENTAGE)
CASE-2
percentage (%) এর পচ্ছর singular noun বসচ্ছে verb - singular হয়৷ যযমন:
About 20% of Amazon is/are destroyed.
About 30% work is/are done.

TYPE - 8 (USAGE OF PERCENTAGE)
CASE-3
Percentage (%) এর পচ্ছর plural noun র্াক্চ্ছে verb হয় plural । যযমন :
About 20% students is/are brilliant.
Only 80% students have/ has done well.

Type -9 (Relative Pronoun)
It is I who____to blame.
A. were
B. are
C. is
D. am
Tips : Relative Pronoun (Who, which, what, whoever, whatever, whichever )এর পচ্ছরর verb ঠি
সাধারণত Relative Pronoun এর ঠিক্ আচ্ছগর Noun / Pronoun অনুসাচ্ছর হয়।
EXAM QUESTION
I am looking for someone who _____ play the piano. (24 th BCS)
A. able to
B. is able
C. can be able to
D. can
EXAM QUESTION
A reward has been announced for the employees who ___ hard.
(29 BCS)
th
A. have worked
B. has worked
C. will worked
D. have had worked

TYPE-10 (USAGE OF FRACTION)
যযচ্ছক্ান র্গ্াংশ বা fraction যযমন- One third of / two thirds of এর পচ্ছর countable plural
noun র্াক্চ্ছে plural verb হচ্ছব। ঠক্ন্তু fraction এর পচ্ছর uncountable noun/ singular noun
বসচ্ছে verb হচ্ছব singular.যযমন-
✓ One third of the house are/is painted.

Ans : is
✓ Two thirds of the work have been/has been done.
Ans : has been
EXAM QUESTION
Three-fourths of the work ________ finished. (23 rd BCS,DU-D:1999-00,CU-

A:2022-23)
A. have been
B. had
C. has been
D. Were
EXAM QUESTION
Choose the right option for the gap of “Two-thirds of the work____
finished.” (Agri:2019-20)
A. have been
B. has been
C. are
D. Were
TYPE-11 (TIME,MONEY,WEIGHT, DISTANCE)
CASE-1
ঠক্ছু ঠক্ছু Noun যযমন- সময় (time), িাক্া ( money), পঠরমাপ (weight) এবং দূ রত্ব (distance)-
এর পচ্ছর singular verb বচ্ছস।
এচ্ছদর এক্ক্গুচ্ছো Plural হচ্ছেও সংঠিষ্ট Verb ঠি হয় Singular
Five miles is/are too much for the old man to run.

EXAM QUESTION
Ninety miles _____ a long distance. (GST-A:2022-23)
A. are
B. were
C. quite
D. is
TYPE-11 (TIME,MONEY,WEIGHT, DISTANCE)
CASE-2
millions of, miles of, hours of, seconds of, kilograms of, meters of র্াক্চ্ছে PLURAL
VERB হয়। অর্থাৎ time, money, weight, distance সংক্রান্ত শব্দগুচ্ছোর পচ্ছর of র্াক্চ্ছে verb -
plural হয়।
যযমন :
✓ Millions of dollars is/are spent on his project.
Ans : are
✓ Hours of practice is/are needed.
Ans: are
TYPE-12
যদশ বা স্থাচ্ছনর নাম (Dhaka), যক্াচ্ছনা বযঠক্ত (William Shakespeare),বইচ্ছয়র নাম (The Arabian
Nights, Great Expectations), সংবাদপচ্ছের নাম(The Prothom Alo, The Sunday Times),
চেঠিচ্ছের নাম (Titanic),মযাগাঠিচ্ছনর নাম (The Forbes), নািচ্ছক্র নাম, ঠশচ্ছরানাম – এগুচ্ছো যদখচ্ছত Plural
হচ্ছেও তারা মূেত Singular Entity ঠহচ্ছসচ্ছব ক্াি ক্চ্ছর এবং এচ্ছদর পচ্ছর Singular Verb হয়। সাধারণত
এগুচ্ছো Proper Noun হয়। যযমনঃ
The United States of America is a developed country.
The Arabian Nights is still a great favourite.

EXAM QUESTION
The Arabian Nights ____ still a great favorite. (26 th BCS, DU-D:2003-
04,RU-A:2005-06)
A. has
B. are
C. is
D. were
TYPE-13 (USAGE OF THREE PERSONS )
এক্ঠি subject এ যঠদ ঠতন প্রক্াচ্ছরর 3 ঠি persons (যযমন – 1 st Person : I, We ; 2 nd Person:

You ; 3 rd Person: She,He, etc) র্াচ্ছক্ তাহচ্ছে র্াচ্ছো ক্াচ্ছির যবোয় প্রর্চ্ছম 2 nd তারপর 3 rd এবং
যশচ্ছে 1 st person অর্থাৎ 231 ক্রমানুসাচ্ছর বেচ্ছব এবং verb হচ্ছব plural । যযমন:
You, he and I have/has helped the poor.

Ans: have
You, she and I bear/bears the prestige of our team.

Ans: bear
TYPE-13 (USAGE OF THREE PERSONS)
খারাপ ক্াি (negative actions) বুঝাচ্ছে 123 হয় অর্থাৎ (I, you, and he/she) বচ্ছস এবং verb ঠি
উর্য়চ্ছেচ্ছেই plural হয়। যযমন:
I, you and he is/are responsible for the loss of profit.
Ans: are
I, you and she causes/cause a great loss.

Ans : cause

EXAM QUESTION
Which one is the correct sentence given below: (MAT :17-18)
A. You, he and I went there.
B. He, you and I went there.
C. I, you and he went there.
D. You, I and he went there.

EXAM QUESTION
Which one of the following sentence is correct? (Dental: 2005-06)
A. I, she and you ate snacks.
B. She, I and you ate snacks.
C. You, I and she ate snacks.
D. You, she and I ate snacks.

TYPE-14 (COLLECTIVE NOUN)
a) The jury (was/were) in the same opinion.
b) The jury (was/were) divided in their opinion.
Collective Noun(যযমন - Committee, Group, Army, Crowd etc) যঠদ সমঠষ্টগত অর্থ/
সহমত যবাঝায় তাহচ্ছে Verb ঠি Singular হয় ঠক্ন্তু সমঠষ্টগত অর্থ/ সহমত না যবাঝাচ্ছে Verb হচ্ছব Plural.

SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
TYPE-14 (COLLECTIVE NOUN)
PRACTICE SESSION :
✓ The new council makes its new plan every year. The party has/have divided
in its opinion.
✓ The audience does not agree to pay more. The board is/are making an
undivided opinion.

TYPE-15 (USAGE OF “THE + ADJECTIVE”)
❖Adjective (poor, rich, pious, strong, etc) এর পূচ্ছবথ the বসাচ্ছে verb হয় plural।
✓ The rich is/are not always happy.

Ans : are
✓ The poor leads/ lead a simple life.

Ans : lead

EXAM QUESTION
The virtuous (be) always happy. Which one of the following is the
correct verb for the within bracket. (MAT:2005-06)
A. have been
B. is
C. are
D. none of the above

TYPE-16(ক্ঠতপয় Uncountable Noun)
ঠনচ্ছনাক্ত Noun গুচ্ছো হচ্ছো Uncountable, তাই এরা Singular Subject এবং এচ্ছদর পচ্ছর Singular
Verb বসচ্ছব। যযমন-
Tricks : FAHIM, SWAN, PEN
(F=Furniture,Fun ; A=Advice,Anger,Accommodation; H=Hair,Hatred,Homework;
I=Information, Ink ; M=money, Music, Machinery, Milk)
(S=Soap, Scenery, Sugar ; W=Work,Weather,Wind; N=news)
(P=Poetry,Poverty,Permission,Progress; E=Equipment, Expenditure, N=News)
Example:
Some information is given.
EXAM QUESTION
Which of the following sentence is correct? (GST-B: 2022-23)
A. All the furniture has been bought by my mother.
B. All the furnitures have been bought my mother.
C. All the furnitures has been bought by my mother.
D. All the furnitures have been bought by my mother.

TYPE-17(Used to সমাচার)
✓ Sub.+ used to+ verb এর simple form
✓ Sub.+ be verb(am,is ,are)/get +used to+ verb এর ing form

EXAM QUESTION
This is the school which _______. (DU-D :2017-18)
A. I used to go
B. I used to go to
C. I used to went
D. none
TYPE-18 ( It is high time vs It was high Time)
a)It is high time we ____________(go/went/had gone) there.
✓ It is time/It is high time + subj.+ verb এর Past form

EXAM QUESTION
Choose the correct right form of verb: It is high time we (act) on the
matter. (43 BCS)
rd
A. are acting
B. acted
C. have acted
D. could act
EXAM QUESTION
It’s time(you realize) your mistakes. (13 th BCS,CoU:18-19……….)
A. you realized
B. that you realized
C. you would realize
D. you have realize

TYPE-19(যখোধুো সমাচার)
Bangladesh ________(has/have) won by 70 runs.

Ans: have
✓ যক্াচ্ছনা যদচ্ছশর নাচ্ছম যঠদ যখোধুোর যক্াচ্ছনা Team এর নামক্রণ ক্রা হয় এবং যখোধুো সংক্রান্ত সক্ে
যক্াচ্ছনা Team এর নাচ্ছমর পর সবসময় Verb ঠি হচ্ছব Plural

TYPE – 20 (FURTHER USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE)
ঠক্ছু ঠক্ছু শব্দ যযমন: always, never, occasionally, often, sometimes, usually, daily,
normally, regularly যক্াচ্ছনা বাচ্ছক্য র্াক্চ্ছে verb ঠি simple present tense হচ্ছব, যযমন-
✓ I a) go (go) to library on every Monday.
✓ We often____(fall) victim to circumstances.

TYPE- 21 (FURTHER USE OF PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE)
Now/now a days/day by day/at this moment ইতযাঠদ word/phrase র্াক্চ্ছে যসচ্ছেচ্ছে

Present Continuous Tense বযবহার ক্রা যায়। ক্ারণ এ adverb গুচ্ছো বতথমাচ্ছন যক্াচ্ছনা চেমান
ক্ািচ্ছক্ ঠনচ্ছদথশ ক্চ্ছর৷ যযমন:
✓ It a) is raining (rain) now.
✓ Shampod a) ____(write) a letter at this moment.

TYPE – 22 (PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)
ঠক্ছু শব্দ যযমন- just, just now, already, yet, ever, lately , recently, so far, till now,
never ,ever ইতযাঠদ ঠদচ্ছয় সম্প্রঠত চ্ছি যাওয়া ক্ািচ্ছক্ বণথনা ক্রা হয়। তাই এসব adverb যুক্ত
sentence এ present perfect tense বযবহার ক্রা হয়। যযমন :
He has just left the place.

TYPE – 22 (PRESENT PERFECT TENSE)
ঠক্ন্তু সাধারণত yet - Negative sentence এ বযবহৃত হয় এবং lately - affirmative sentence
এ বযবহৃত হয়। যযমন:
He has not done the work yet.
He has just gone out lately. (DU-D:2002-03)

EXAM QUESTION
Just now he ___his dinner but he says he’ll see you when he’s finished.
(24 th BCS)
A. is having
B. has had
C. was having
D. had
TYPE - 23 (FOR VS SINCE: PRSENT PERFECT CONTINOUS TENSE)
❖For = duration of time

Since = point of time
PRACTICE SESSION:
1) I have been doing the work for/since 3 hours.
2) She has been preparing her homework for/since 3 pm.

TYPE - 24 (FURTHER USE OF SIMPLE PAST TENSE)
❑ঠক্ছু Adverb of time যযমনঃ last/ last night/yesterday /long since/ back in those
days/ago/long ago/ago in the past ইতযাঠদ word গুচ্ছো যঠদ অতীচ্ছতর যক্াচ্ছনা ক্ািচ্ছক্
ঠনচ্ছদথশ ক্চ্ছর তাই এ সক্ে শচ্ছব্দর পচ্ছর simple past tense বযবহার ক্রা যায়। যযমন:
I a)_____(leave) him last night.
My father b) ____(come) home yesterday.

EXAM QUESTION
Identify the correct sentence. (36 th BCS,…..)
A. Yesterday, he has gone home
B. Yesterday, he did gone home
C. Yesterday, he had gone home
D. Yesterday, he went home

EXAM QUESTION
Choose the right form of verb: The police _____ informed yesterday
(42 nd BCS)
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
EXAM QUESTION
Choose the right form of verb: The boy (to lie) on the floor yesterday.
(45 th BCS)
A. lies
B. lied
C. lay
D. layed
TYPE - 25 BEFORE/AFTER এর বযবহার
❑Before/After যুক্ত র্াক্া Sentence এর যযচ্ছক্াচ্ছনা এক্ঠি অংচ্ছশ Past Simple/ Past
Continuous Tense র্াক্চ্ছে পচ্ছরর অংচ্ছশ Past Perfect/Past Perfect Continuous Tense
বযবহার ক্রা যায়। যযমন:
✓ I had bought a phone before I bought a laptop.
✓ Shampod revised his script after he had finished writing the answer .

EXAM QUESTION
He had written the book before he ______. (28 th BCS,JU(C1):15-16….)
A. retired
B. had retired
C. has retired
D. will be retired
EXAM QUESTION
Choose the correct sentence: (26 th BCS, DU (D):03-04,….)
A. I have looked for a doctor before I meet you.
B. I had looked for a doctor before I met you.
C. I looked for a doctor before I had met you.
D. I am looking for a doctor before meeting you.

EXAM QUESTION
My friend______before I came. (DU-D unit: 02-03)
A. would be leaving
B. had been leaving
C. had left
D. will leave
TYPE: 26 (As if/As though)
Usage/বযবহারচ্ছেে :
• যক্াচ্ছনা বযঠক্তর অবাস্তব (unreal) ঠচন্তা/ ধারনা (র্াব) ইতযাঠদ প্রক্াশ ক্রার িনয as if/ as though
বযবহার ক্রা যায়।
STRUCTURE (1)
প্রর্ম অংচ্ছশ present tense র্াক্চ্ছে পচ্ছরর অংচ্ছশ past simple / past continuous tense
হচ্ছব। present + as if/ as though + past simple /past continuous
Example:
Titu talks as though he taught us tense
STRUCTURE (2)
Past Indefinite/Continuous+ as if/as though+ Past Perfect/Past Perfect
Continuous
He behaved as if nothing _____ (happen)
ans: had happened

EXAM QUESTION
Salim walks as if he _______ lame. (CU-A:2022-23)
A. Is
B. was
C. were
D. has been
EXAM QUESTION
He walks as if he ____lame. (29 th BCS, JnU(E1):14-15)
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. is
TYPE 27 : As soon as
USAGE/বযবহারচ্ছেে :
‘As soon as' - 'যযইমাে...... যসইমাে এরূপ অচ্ছর্থ বযবহৃত হয় । অর্থাৎ, এক্ঠি িনা যশে হচ্ছত না হচ্ছত
আচ্ছরক্ঠি িনা শুরু হচ্ছয় যায় এরূপ যেচ্ছে 'as soon as' বযবহার ক্রা হয়।
STRUCTURE/গিন :(1)
Present + as soon as +present /future
Examples:
✓ As soon as the sun sets, darkness covers the area.
✓ As soon as he returns, I will met him.

Exam Question
He’ll give you a call as soon as he _______. (CVASU : 2016-17)
A. will arrive
B. arrives
C. is arrive
D. is going to arrive
English 2nd Paper
TYPE 27 : As soon as
Structure : Past+ as soon as +past
Examples:
✓ As soon as he went there, he _____ (see) them.
✓ As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students ________ (stand)
up.

EXAM QUESTION
I opened the door as soon as ________ the bell. (24 th BCS, CoU (A):15-
16,….)
A. Have heard
B. was hearing
C. am heard
D. heard
EXAM QUESTION
As soon as I ____ the ringing, I opened the door. (SUST(A):10-11)
A. Have heard
B. was hearing
C. am heard
D. heard
TYPE: 28(NO SOONER HAD/ HARDLY HAD….WHEN/ SCARCELY
HAD……..WHEN)
Meaning: …….হচ্ছত না হচ্ছতই……..হচ্ছয় যগে

Structures :
✓ No sooner had+ Past Perfect+ than+ Past Indefinite
✓ Hardly had+ Past Perfect+ when+ Past Indefinite
✓ Scarcely had+ Past Perfect+ when+ Past Indefinite

❖Check Exam Questions:
✓ No sooner had he (aim) at the bird than it (flow) away.
- No sooner had he aimed at the bird than it flew away.
✓ Hardly/Scarcely had he reached the college when the examination (begin)
-Hardly/Scarcely had he reached the college when the examination began.

TYPE 29(Future Perfect Tense)
র্ঠবেযচ্ছত যক্াচ্ছনা ক্াি সম্পন্ন হচ্ছয় র্াক্চ্ছব এরূপ অনুমান বুঝাচ্ছে Future Perfect Tense হয়। By that
time , by the end , by ( year , month , time ) , next (year , month, time) , by then
র্াক্চ্ছে Future Perfect Tense হয়। যযমনঃ
✓ By next month , the government will have resigned.
✓ He will have returned home by 10 A.M.

EXAM QUESTION
By the end of this week, they ______ visited the main sites of
Chattogram.
A. will have
B. have
C. had
D. have had
Type : 30 (would rather)
Subject + would rather + base form of verb
Examples:
I would rather _______ (live) in a warm.
I would rather _________ (go) to a different restaurant

Type : 31 ( would rather that )
Subject + would rather that + subject + verb এর past form
Check Exam Question:

✓ You would rather that you __________ (change) your habit.
✓ I would rather that I _______ (learn) my lessons.

Type : 32
Look forward to with a view to be used to get used to প্রর্ৃঠতর Verbal
accustomed to object to addicted to devoted to
adhere to relate to refer to confess to Phrase গুচ্ছোর
with an eye to objection to insist on count on পর
keep on rely on go on depend on
carry on forget about think about worry about যয verb
give up worth could not help can not help র্াচ্ছক্ তার সাচ্ছর্
think of approve of be better of put off
get through mind succeed in cannot bear -ing যুক্ত
(gerund)
হয়

EXAM QUESTION
Fill in the blank with right option : I am looking forward ___ you soon.
(26 th BCS, JnU-D:2011)
A. to seeing
B. seeing
C. to see
D. to have been
EXAM QUESTION
I don’t mind ____ with the cooking but I am not going to wash the
dishes. (24 th BCS :Cancelled)
A. To help
B. help
C. helping
D. for helping
EXAM QUESTION
I don’t mind ____ negative feedback if it is true. (DU-B:2022-23)
A. accept
B. accepting
C. to accept
D. of accepting
EXAM QUESTION
Fill in the blank with correct option: He gave up ____ football when he
got married. (MAT:2014-15, 24 th ,26 th BCS)
A. playing
B. of playing
C. to play
D. play
EXAM QUESTION
I am looking forward to _____ you. (DU C : 19-20)
A. seeing
B. see
C. saw
D. sees
EXAM QUESTION
I don't mind____ if you are tired.
A. to drive
B. drive
C. driving
D. to be driving
EXAM QUESTION
Masud Rana gave up (play) football when he got married.
A. of playing
B. playing
C. play
D. to play
Type : 33(যদচ্ছখ র্ুে ক্রা যাচ্ছব না!!)
ঠনচ্ছনাক্ত Noun যদখচ্ছত Plural মচ্ছন হচ্ছেও এগুচ্ছোর পর Singular Verb বচ্ছস। যযমনঃ
ঠবঠর্ন্ন ঠবেয়ঃ Physics,Metaphysics,Statistics,Mathematics,Linguistics,Ethics,Electronics,

Optics,Poetics, Economics
যখোধুো সংক্রান্তঃ Athletics, Tennis,Innings,Gymnastics,Wages
ঠবঠবধঃ Poltics,News,Means,Orders
Gallows, Measles,Bellows
Examples:
Physics is my favourite subject.
The news is important for us.
EXAM QUESTION
Which one is the correct form of sentence? (MAT:2018-19)
A. Mathematics is a subject of study in any school.
B. Mathematics are subject of study in the school.
C. Mathematics are hard in the school level.
D. Mathematics are road to higher education.

Type : 34 (Mind,Worth,Would you mind,without, Feel like,It is no good,It
is no use)
Mind,Worth,Would you mind,without, Feel like,It is no good,It is no use-
এগুচ্ছোর পচ্ছর verb এর সাচ্ছর্ –ing যযাগ ক্রচ্ছত হয়। যযমনঃ
I don’t mind having a cup of coffee.
It is no good wasting me.
It is no use repenting now.

EXAM QUESTION
Would you mind ___ a cup of tea with me? (DU (A-UNIT)-2020-21)
A. having to drink
B. having
C. drink
D. to take
EXAM QUESTION
Would you mind ___ the window?
A. to open
B. to opening
C. opening
D. open
Type : 34 (While এর সমাচার)
Case:1
While এর ঠিক্ পচ্ছরই bracket এর মচ্ছধয যয verb র্াচ্ছক্ তার সাচ্ছর্ -ing যযাগ ক্রচ্ছত
হয়।(এচ্ছেচ্ছে While এর পচ্ছর যক্াচ্ছনা Subject র্াচ্ছক্ না)
যযমন-
While going there, I saw him.
While a) _______(walk) in the morning , I met him.

Ans: walking
I got hurt my leg while b) ______(play) cricket.

Ans: playing

EXAM QUESTION
He found the gold coin the floor while ____ (clean) the room.
A. cleaned
B. cleans
C. is cleaning
D. cleaning
Case:2
While + Past continuous tense / (Verb + ing) + Past simple/passive
Example:
While he (walk) in the garden, a snake bit him.
= While he was walking in the garden, a snake bit him.

EXAM QUESTION
My uncle arrived while I ____ the dinner. (24 th BCS, JU (E) :14-15,……)
A. would cook
B. had cooked
C. cook
D. was cooking
EXAM QUESTION
Neela ____ her hand when she was cooking dinner..

(26 BCS, DU-D : 2003)
th
A. is burning
B. burnt
C. will burn
D. was burning
EXAM QUESTION
Which is the correct word for the blank? Rafiq ____ while we were
having dinner. (DAT:19-20)
A. phoned
B. was phoning
C. will phone
D. has phoned
Case:3
প্রর্ম অংচ্ছশ present continuous tense র্াক্চ্ছে পচ্ছরর অংচ্ছশ present indefinite tense
বা present continuous tense হচ্ছত পাচ্ছর। প্রচ্ছয়ািচ্ছন দুই continuous বযবহার ক্রা যযচ্ছত
পাচ্ছর ঠক্ন্তু দুইঠি Indefinite বযবহার ক্রা যাচ্ছব না। এক্ঠি continuous র্াক্চ্ছতই হচ্ছব। যযমনঃ
I am learning English while he is watching TV.
He is not learning anything while he is at home.

Type : 35
To be,being,to have,having এর পর Verb এর Past Participle form হয়। যযমনঃ
Having finished the work, Shampod went to University.

EXAM QUESTION
Having ___ lunch, I took a nap. (CU-A:2022-23)
A. had
B. eating
C. ate
D. taking
PRONOUN ANTECEDENT AGREEMENT
Shampod Bhowmick
English Instructor of ACS & Crowning English
With Shampod
PRONOUN ANTECEDENT AGREEMENT
ক োন ো Sentence এ Noun/Noun Phrase অ ু যোয়ী এর Antecedent বো Pronoun ন র্ধোরণন
Pronoun Antecedent Agreement বনে। কযম :
Ria has completed his job → Incorrect
Ria has completed her job → Correct
আবোর,
They have completed my job→ Incorrect
They have completed their jobs → Correct
এই কয, উপনরর Sentence গুনেোনে-

✓ Ria অ ু যোয়ী her এবং
✓ They অ ু যোয়ী their বসোন ো হনেো । এনিই হনেো Pronoun Antecedent Agreement.
PRONOUN ANTECEDENT AGREEMENT Shampod Bhowmick
Case:1
✓নবনেষ ভোনব মন রোখনে হনব:
➢Subject Singular → Pronoun/antecedent Singular
➢Subject Plural→ Pronoun/antecedent Plural
❑সহজ থোয়, বোন ের Noun এবং েোর পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে Pronoun এর মনর্ে অবেেই সোমঞ্জসে থো নে
হনব।

CHECK EXAM QUESTIONS:
INCORRECT: If you want to leave a message for Mr. and Mrs. Carlson, I will be
glad to take them.
CORRECT: If you want to leave a message for Mr. and Mrs. Carlson, I will be glad
to take it.
Explanation:
যনি েুনম জ োব এবং জ োবো োেধসন র জ ে ক ো বোেধো করনখ কযনে চোও, আনম খুনে হব কসনি ন নে। এখোন
কসনি বেনে a message ক বুঝোন ো হনয়নে। েোই them ো হনয় it হনয়নে

❑INCORRECT: Al is interested in mathematics and their applications.
CORRECT : Al is interested in mathematics and its applications.
Explanation:
আে (এ জন র োম) গনণে এবং এর বেবহোনর আগ্রহী। এর বেনে গনণনের বেবহোরন বুঝোন ো হনয়নে। েোই
their ো হনয় its হনয়নে।
❑INCORRECT - It is easier to talk about a problem than to resolve them.

CORRECT - It is easier to talk about a problem than to resolve it.
Explanation:
ক োন ো এ নি সমসেো সম্পন ধ থো বেো সহজ এনি সমোর্োন র কচনয়। এখোন , ইহো বেনে ঐ সমসেো (a
problem) ক ন নিধে রো হনয়নে েোই them ো হনয় it হনব।

EXAM QUESTION
Sports Medicine experts agree ice should be applied immediately

when an athlete suffers an Injury to ___ leg. (DAT :2001-02)
A. its
B. an
C. the
D. his
Check Exam Question :
❑ Magnesium , the lightest of our structural metals, has an important place
among common A
B
Engineering materials because of their weight. (Dental:2001-02)
C D
Ans: D

❑INCORRECT: Although their visas will expire in June, they can have it extended
for three months.
CORRECT : Although their visas will expire in June, they can have them extended
for three months.
Explanation:
যনিও েোনির নভসোগুনেোর কময়োি জু মোনস কেষ হনয় যোনব, েোরো কসগুনেোন নে মোনসর জ ে বোন়িনয় ন নে
পোনর। অথধোৎ their visas এর থো বেো হনয়নে। েোই it ো হনয় them হনয়নে।

❑INCORRECT : In spite of its small size, these cameras take very good pictures.
CORRECT : In spite of their small size, these cameras take very good
pictures.
Explanation:
েোনির কেোি আ োর সনেও, এই েোনমরো গুনেো খুব ভোনেো েনব কেোনে। এখোন , েোনির বেনে েোনমরো গুনেোর
থো বেো হনয়নে। েোই its ো হনয় them হনয়নে

Case:2
❖বোন ের Subject এর সোনথ সোমঞ্জসে করনখ Possessive ক ন র্ধোরণ রনে হনব যনি েো Subject ক
ন নিধে নর। যখ Possessive Adjective / Possessive Pronoun বোন ের Subject ক ন নিধে
নর েখ স ে কেনেই Subject এর সোনথ ঐ Possessive Adjective/ Possessive Pronoun
এর এ নি সোমঞ্জসে থোন ।
Subjective Pronoun Possessive Pronoun Possessive Pronoun
I My Mine
You Your Yours
He His His
She Her Hers
It Its Its
We Our Ours
You You Yours
INCORRECT : Those of us who are over fifty years old should get their
blood pressure checked regularly.
CORRECT : Those of us who are over fifty years old should get our
blood pressure checked regularly.
Explanation:
এখোন , বোন ের Subject হে Those of us েোই their blood pressure ো হনয় our blood
pressure হনব। বো েনির বোংেো রনে their ই সনি বনে মন হনে পোনর। ন ন্তু English Grammar
এর Rule অ ু যোয়ী Subject কযনহেু .... us আনে েোই our blood pressure সনি হনব।

INCORRECT : Our neighbours know that when they go on vacation, we
will get its mail for them.
CORRECT : Our neighbours know that when they go on vacation, we
will get their mail for them.
Explanation:
বো েনির বোংেো নর: আমোনির প্রনেনবেীরো জোন কয যখ েোরো েুনিনে যোনব আমরো েোনির বোেধো
েোনির জ ে ন নয় রোখব। েোহনে বুঝো যোনে বোেধো হে েোনির (প্রনেনবেীনির); েোই their mail
হনয়নে।
Case:3 (Miscellaneous)
বোন ে Pronoun নহনসনব One থো নে পরবেধীনে One / One's বেবহোর রনে হনব।
One / One’s - Option এ ো থো নে he/she/his/her ও কিওয়ো যোনব।

INCORRECT - At a large university, one will almost always be able to find a
friend who speaks your language.
CORRECT - At a large university, one will almost always be able to find a
friend who speaks one's language.
Explanation:
কযনহেু Subject নহনসনব One আনে েোই বোন ের পনরর অংনে One বেবহোর রনে হনব Option এ
one ো থো নে he/she-ও বেবহোর রো যোনব। েনব ক ো মনেই you/ theyকিওয়ো যোনব ো।
One should do one’s duty.

EXAM QUESTION
Choose the Correct Sentence : (MAT: 2016-17)
A. One should obey their parents.
B. One should obey one’s parents.
C. One should obey one parent
D. One should obey the parents.

EXAM QUESTION
The more hemoglobin one has , the more oxygen is

carried to ___ cells.
A. one
B. our
C. their
D. one’s
One of + plural noun এর possessive form নহনসনব his/her বেবহৃে হয়।
One of the students is doing his/her duty.
One of the students has taken his/her bag.
Sentence এ Everybody, Everyone,Every man, Every boy/girl, No one,

Someone, Anyone, Anybody,Anyman..... ইেেোনি থো নে Possessive form নহনসনব
His/Her হনব।
No one should deny his duty.
Everybody should respect his teachers.

❑ Choose the error part:
Every man and woman should vote for the candidate of their
A B C D
choice. (32 BCS)
nd
Ans: D.

Each of/either of/neither of/every + noun বোন ের Subject হনে এনির পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে
Pronoun নি Singular হনব। কযম ঃ
Each of the workers has done his job.
Every man loves his country.
Several of , both of, few of বোন ের Subject হনে এনির পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে Pronoun নি Plural
হয়। কযম ঃ
Both of them should do their duty.

EXAM QUESTION
Each of the sons followed _____ father’s trade. (33rd BCS)
A. their
B. her
C. whose
D. his
ক োম্পোন র োম,বইনয়র োম,Flim এর োম বোন ের Subject হনে বেবহৃে Pronoun নি Singular হয়।
কযম ঃ
Romeo and Juliet has achieved its name as a romantic play.
Collective Noun দ্বোরো Single Unit কবোঝোনে এর পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে Pronoun নি Singular এবং
Plural Unit কবোঝোনে এর পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে Pronoun নি Plural হয়। কযম ঃ
They jury is unanimous in its decision.

Not…but, Either… or , Neither … nor , Not only … but also – এসব expression নিনয়
িুনিো Subject যুক্ত হনে নদ্বেীয় Subject অ ু সোনর বোন ের Main Verb এবং সংনিষ্ট Pronoun
ন র্ধোনরে হনব। কযম ঃ
Neither Shampod nor his friends have finished their duty.
Neither Shampod nor his friend has finished his duty.
Gerund(v1+ing যখ Noun এর মনেো োজ নর) এবং Infinitive(to+v1) বোন ের Subject হনে

এর পনরবনেধ বেবহৃে Pronoun নি singular হনব। কযম ঃ
Swimming is the best exercise for its movement.
To write is important for its stability.
Second,third এবং first person অথবো second এবং first person এ ই সোনথ বোন ের
Subject হনে এনির Possesive form নহনসনব our বেবহৃে হনব। কযম ঃ
You,he and I opened our bank account.
You and I have prepared our presentations.

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SUBJECT VERB

✓ Latin ভাষায় Syntax এর অর্ থ– বাক্য গঠন (Sentence Building).

1.Rules of Agreement (Subject এবং Verb এর কবনযাস)

2.Rules of Arrangement (বাচ্ছক্য Subject এর অবস্থান)

3.Rules of Government (বাচ্ছক্য এক্ word কর্ৃত ক অনয Word এর কনয়ন্ত্রণ)

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

In English grammar, ____ deals with formation of sentences. (36 th BCS)

Explanation : Morphology – রূপতত্ত্ব , Etymology – শব্দতত্ত্ব, Syntax – বাক্যতত্ত্ব ,Semantics – অর্থতত্ত্ব

✓ Singular Subject + Singular Verb

✓ Plural Subject + Plural Verb

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

“Subject-Verb Agreement” refers to - (33 rd BCS)

B. Number, person and gender

C. Number and person

Nafis and Shakib are friends.

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

The headmaster and secretary ________(maintain) the school.

Which one of the followings is the correct sentence? (MAT : 2011-12)

A. Shaon is the actress and singer.

B. Shaon is both the actress and singer.

C. Shaon is both an actress and singer.

D. Shaon is a actress and singer.

যক্ানঠি সঠিক্ Sentence? (MAT :2003-04)

A. Iqbal was the poet and philosopher.

B. Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher.

C. Iqbal was both the poet and philosopher.

D. Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher.

Question : I and not my friends are/ am responsible for this problem.

Question : Teacher and not his students are/is to take class.

Question : Rina and not her friends study/studies well.

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

ii) Fire and water do not agree.

• As well as • Among with • In conjunction with

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

Which of the following sentence has the incorrect subject-verb

A. Some people in my office are very annoying.

B. One hundred dollars is a lot of money for a bottle of wine.

C. Two hours is a long time to wait to see a doctor.

Either Shampod or his friends are going to the party.

She or her sister has gone there.

Neither Sufia nor I _____ capable of solving the problem.

Which one is the correct sentence given below – (DAT:17-18, 16-17)

A. I eat neither mangoes nor bananas.

B. Neither I eat mangoes or not I eat bananas.

C. I eat mangoes neither bananas eat.

D. I neither eat mangoes nor bananas.

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

Choose the correct sentence. (26 th BCS)

A. Everybody have gone there.

B. Everybody are gone there.

C. Everybody has gone there.

D. Everybody has went there.

At least one of the students _____ full marks every time.

2. Some of the water is/are gone.

Right from of verbs Shampod Bhowmick

Choose the correct sentence: (37 th BCS)

A. All of it depend on you.

B. All of it are depending on you.

C. All of it depends on you.

D. All of it are depended on you.