MCQ Concept

Here is the revised version of the MCQs with the correct answers marked by a tick:
1. **What is error propagation?**

- A) The process of reducing errors in a measurement
- B) ✓ The process of determining the uncertainty in a result based on the uncertainties in the input
quantities
- C) The process of removing errors from data
- D) The process of increasing errors to understand their impact
2. **When adding two quantities with uncertainties, how do you combine their uncertainties?**
- A) Add the uncertainties directly
- B) Multiply the uncertainties
- C) ✓ Add the squares of the uncertainties and take the square root
- D) Subtract the uncertainties
3. **In error propagation, what assumption is commonly made about the errors in the input quantities?
**
- A) Errors are correlated
- B) ✓ Errors are uncorrelated
- C) Errors are equal
- D) Errors are zero
4. **Which of the following best describes the purpose of error propagation analysis?**
- A) To reduce measurement errors
- B) To increase the precision of measurements
- C) ✓ To determine how uncertainties in measured variables affect the uncertainty in a calculated
result
- D) To eliminate uncertainties in calculations
5. **Which of the following is a commonly used error measure for regression problems?**
- A) Median Absolute Deviation
- B) ✓ Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- C) Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
- D) Relative Absolute Error (RAE)
6. **Which of the following error measures is less sensitive to outliers?**

- A) Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- B) Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
- C) ✓ Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
- D) Mean Bias Deviation (MBD)
7. **A lower MSE value indicates:**

- A) A worse fit of the model to the data
- B) ✓ A better fit of the model to the data
- C) No correlation between the model and the data
- D) A larger number of errors in the model
8. **A lower MAE value indicates:**

- A) A worse fit of the model to the data
- B) ✓ A better fit of the model to the data
- C) No correlation between the model and the data
- D) An increase in outliers
9. **Which error measure is most affected by outliers?**

- A) ✓ Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- B) Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
- C) Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)
- D) Relative Absolute Error (RAE)
10. **If you want to minimize the impact of large errors in your model evaluation, which metric should
you avoid?**
- A) Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
- B) ✓ Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- C) Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)
- D) Mean Bias Deviation (MBD)
11. **Which of the following methods can be used to estimate the coefficients of a linear regression
model?**
- A) ✓ Gradient Descent and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
- B) Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) only
- C) Bayesian Estimation only
- D) Support Vector Machines (SVM)
12. **What is the main purpose of Ridge Regression?**

- A) To reduce the dimensionality of data
- B) ✓ To prevent overfitting by shrinking the coefficients
- C) To perform feature selection
- D) To maximize the variance of the coefficients
13. **What is the main disadvantage of Ridge Regression compared to LASSO Regression?**
- A) ✓ It does not perform feature selection
- B) It is computationally more expensive
- C) It increases overfitting
- D) It is more sensitive to multicollinearity
14. **What is the main purpose of LASSO Regression?**

- A) To maximize the variance of the coefficients
- B) To reduce the dimensionality of data
- C) ✓ To prevent overfitting and perform feature selection
- D) To handle large datasets efficiently
15. **Which of the following conditions must be met for the Bisection Method to be applicable?**
- A) ✓ The function must be continuous
- B) The function must be differentiable
- C) The function must be linear
- D) The function must have no roots
16. **The Bisection Method converges:**
- A) Exponentially
- B) Quadratically
- C) ✓ Linearly
- D) Superlinearly
17. **The Newton-Raphson Method requires which of the following to be known?**

- A) The first and second derivatives of the function
- B) ✓ The first derivative of the function
- C) Only the function values
- D) The integral of the function
18. **The Newton-Raphson Method converges:**

- A) Linearly
- B) ✓ Quadratically
- C) Exponentially
- D) Logarithmically
19. **In which scenario might the Newton-Raphson Method fail to converge?**
- A) When the function is continuous
- B) ✓ When the derivative at the initial guess is zero
- C) When the function is linear
- D) When the initial guess is far from the root
20. **Compared to the Bisection Method, the Newton-Raphson Method is:**

- A) Slower but more reliable
- B) ✓ Faster but less reliable
- C) Slower and less reliable
- D) Faster and more reliable
Let me know if you need any further adjustments!

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Here is the revised version of the MCQs with the correct answers marked by a tick:

1. What is error propagation?

6. Which of the following error measures is less sensitive to outliers?

7. A lower MSE value indicates:

8. A lower MAE value indicates:

9. Which error measure is most affected by outliers?

12. What is the main purpose of Ridge Regression?

14. What is the main purpose of LASSO Regression?

17. The Newton-Raphson Method requires which of the following to be known?

18. The Newton-Raphson Method converges:

20. Compared to the Bisection Method, the Newton-Raphson Method is:

Let me know if you need any further adjustments!

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