Class Test 2 Model Answer Power Engineering

BRAHMDEVDADA MANE POLYTECHNIC BELATI SOLAPUR
Class Test –II –Model answer

Program :Mechanical Engineering A.Y.-2024-25
Course :PER(22562) Duration : 1Hr
1.State any four application of gas Turbine.

1. It is used for electric power generation.
2. It is used for locomotive propulsion.
3. It is used for ship propulsion.
4. Gas turbine is used in air crafts.
5. It is used for supercharging for heavy duty Diesel engines.
6. Used in turbo jet and turbo-propeller engine.
7. It is used for various industrial purpose such as in steel industry, oil and other chemical industry.
2.Classification of Air compressors
1. According to principle
a) Reciprocating air compressors b) Rotary air compressors
2)According to the capacity
a. Low capacity air compressors b. Medium capacity air compressors c. High capacity air compressors
3)According to pressure limits
a. Low pressure air compressors b. Medium pressure air compressors c. High pressure air compressors
4}. According to method of connection
a. Direct drive air compressors b. Belt drive air compressors
3. Define One Ton of Refrigeration with value.
A tonne of refrigeration is defined as the amount of refrigeration effect produced by the uniform
melting of one tonne (1000 kg) of ice from and at 0°C in 24 hours.
Since the latent heat of ice is 335 kJ/kg
1TR = 1000 x 335 kJ in 24 hours
In actual practice, 1TR = 210 kJ/min or 3.5 kW (i.e. 3.5 kJ/s)
OR
A ton is of refrigeration is defined as “the quantity of heat required to remove from one ton of ice
within 24 hours when initial condition of water is 00C ”, because the same cooling effect will be given
by melting the same ice. 1 ton of refrigeration =1000 X Latent heat of ice/24 = 1000 X 335/(24 X 60) =
2 3 2 . 6 k J / m i n
4. State the which Properties show on Psychometric Chart.
Dry bulb temperature (DBT)
Wet bulb temperature (WBT)
Relative humidity
Dew point temperature
Humidity ratio
Total heat (enthalpy)
Specific volume
Air density
5. Write application of Refrigeration System.
Domestic Refrigerator • Domestic Air Conditioners • Automotive Air Conditioners • water coolers •
Commercial Refrigeration-Ice plant • Commercial Refrigeration- Dairy , cold storage • Commercial Air
Conditioning-Multiplex, • Hospitals.Hotels etc.
6. Draw Open Cycle gas turbine with intercooling, reheating regeneration combined
method.
: The whole expansion in the turbine is achieved in two or more stages & reheating is done after each
stage.
Q.2 ) 1.Explain with neat sketch of Vapour Compression Cycle with PH & TS Diagram.
It consists of the following parts .
1. Compressor: The low pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant from evaporator is drawn into the
compressor through the inlet or suction valve, where it is compressed to a high pressure and temperature.
The high pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant is discharged into the condenser through the
delivery or discharge valve
2. Condenser: It consists of coils of pipe in which the high pressure and temperature vapour refrigerant
is cooled and condensed. The refrigerant , while passing through the condenser gives up its latent heat to
the surround condensing medium which is normally air or water.
3. Expansion valve: Its function is to allow the liquid refrigerant under high pressure and temperature to
pass at a controlled rate after reducing its pressure and temperature 4. Evaporator: It consists of coils of
pipe in which the liquid-vapourn refrigerant at low pressure and temperature is evaporated and changed
into vapour refrigerant at a low pressure and temperature. In evaporating, the liquid vapour refrigerant
absorbs its latent heat of vaporization from the medium which is to be cooled.
P-V and T-S diagram of vapour compression refrigeration cycle
2.Explain Working of closed cycle gas turbine.

A closed cycle gas turbine, consists of a compressor, heating chamber, gas turbine,
which drives the generator and compressor and a cooling chambers. In this turbine,
the air is compressed isentropically generally in rotary compressor and then passed
in to the heating chamber. The compressed air is heated with the help of some
external source, and made to flow over the turbine, blades (Generally reaction type.)
The gas while flowing over the blades gets expanded. From the turbine the gas is
passed to the cooling chamber where it is cooled at constant pressure with the help
of circulating water to its original temp.,
Now the air is made to flow into compressor
again. It is thus obvious that in a closed cycle gas turbine, the air is
continuously circulated within the turbine. A closed cycle gas turbine works on
Joule’s or Bray tons cycle.
The process 1-2 shows heating of the air in heating chamber at constant
pressure. The process 2-3 shows isentropic expansion of air in the turbine
similarly the process 3-4 shows cooling of the air at constant pressure in
cooling chamber the process 4-1 shows isentropic compression of the air in
the compressor.
Work done by the turbine per kg of air
WT = CP (T2 – T3)
And
Work required by the compressor per kg of air
WC = CP (T2 – T3)
Now, the net work available
W = W T – WC
3.Differences between Vapour Absorption and Vapour Compression refrigeration system.
4. Explain Working principle of Turbojet
Working principle of Turbojet: shows the schematic of turbojet engine. It has a diffuser section at inlet
for realizing some compression of air passing through this section. Due to this air reaching compressor
section has pressure more than ambient pressure. This action of partly compressing air by passing it
through diffuser section is called “ramming action” or “ram effect”. Subsequently compressor section
compresses air which is fed to combustion chamber and fuel is added to it for causing combustion.
Combustion products available at high pressure and temperature are then passed through turbine and
expanded there. Thus, turbine yields positive work which is used for driving compressor. Expanding
gases leaving turbine are passed through exit nozzle where it is further expanded and results in high
velocity jet at exit. This high velocity jet leaving nozzle is responsible for getting desired thrust for
propulsion
Turbojet engine differs from turboprop engine as turboprop is a jet engine with a properller attached to
the front. The turbojet is the simplest form of the eingies. Turboprop uses propellers to produce more
thrust. These are usually used on large cargo planes.

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BRAHMDEVDADA MANE POLYTECHNIC BELATI SOLAPUR

Class Test –II –Model answer

Course :PER(22562) Duration : 1Hr

1.State any four application of gas Turbine.

P-V and T-S diagram of vapour compression refrigeration cycle

2.Explain Working of closed cycle gas turbine.

3.Differences between Vapour Absorption and Vapour Compression refrigeration system.

4. Explain Working principle of Turbojet

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