IELTS ESSENTIALS

UNIT 3 : THE NEWS AND MEDIA

A. GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY

Exercise 1 :
Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

Exercise 2 :
Choose the correct words to complete the text.
What are the main opinions/ sources/ summaries of news? Where do journalists get
their stories from? Well, there’s always an element of personal interviewing/

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reporting/ researching i.e. seeing things with your own eyesand describing what
you see. In the same way, journalists interview a lot of articles/ reporters/ witnesses to
events, to find out what happened from the people who actually saw it happening.
Journalists can also find their own news stories, through investigation, where they do a
lot of research to cause/ discover/ effect something completely new. They can also find
out useful information from account/ reaction/ social media sites. It’s fair to say that a
large number of news stories are provided by businesses and other organisations as
press archives/ images/ releases. Organisations also hold press conferences, where a
large number of journalists are invited to listen to important discussions/ radion/
statements and then ask questions.

Exercise 3 :
Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the box.

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Exercise 4 :
Answer the questions. Use the phrases in the box.

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Exercise 5 :
Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1 It’s good to make notes during an interview, then to make/ pick/ write them up afterwards.
2 Why are the newspapers full of bad news? I need some good news to catch/ cheer/ turn me up!
3 I didn’t plan to watch the news today, but the first news story was really interesting and ended/
followed/ went up watching the whole programme.
4 I always watch the TV news in the morning, and then I catch/ stay/ write up on the news during
the day on my phone.
5 Did you hear/ hold/ see any interesting news from those celebrities you met?
6 Do you really think all those stories are true, or do the newspapers just cheer/ do/ make them up?
Exercise 6 :
Read the information. Then choose the correct reason for using the passive in each sentence.

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Exercise 7 :
Choose the correct passive forms to complete the sentences.

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1 These days, fewer newspapers are being bought/ was bought/ is bought, as more people get their
news from free news websites.
2 The cause of the accident had been known/ was known/ isn’t known, but the police are
investigating it at the moment.
3 The good thing about online newspapers is that they’re updated/ they’ve been updated/ they were
updated all the time, unlike print newspapers.
4 When is the photograph taken/ was the photograph being taken/ was the photograph taken?
5 The politician spoke about her political opponent while she has been interviewed/ is being
interviewed/ was being interviewed by a journalist live on TV.
6 Don’t worry – you can speak honestly. This interview isn’t recorded/ isn’t being recorded/ was
recorded.
Exercise 8 :Read the information. Then rewrite the sentences in the passive, using It is/was +
past participle + that. The first question has been done for you.

Exercise 9 :
Read the active sentences. Then complete the passive sentences. You might have to change
the form of some of the words. The first question has been done for you.

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Exercise 10 :
Read the information. Then choose the correct words or phrases to complete the text.

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When the robbery of a local museum was first/ firstly/ while reported, nobody paid it
much attention. At first/ first/ secondly, it was thought that nothing valuable was
missing. However, it was later discovered that some valuable coins were missing.
During/ Meanwhile/ While a recent press conference, an expert was asked what the
thieves might do with the coins. She suggested three possibilities: at first/ firstly/ in the
end, the thieves might try to sell the coins to a collector. This was considered to be
rather unlikely, as it would be easy to find the coins. Meanwhile/ second/ secondly,they
might melt the coins and sell the gold from them. This was also thought to be unlikely,
as the gold would be worth a lot less than the coins themselves. At the end/ Finally/
Last, the coins might be sent abroad for sale in another country. This was seen as the
most likely case.

During/ Meanwhile/ While, the police have released a statement, announcing that they
have a good idea who the thieves are. ‘We are confident that we will catch them at the
end/ finally/ in the end, even if it takes months, and we will return the coins to the
museum.’ the statement said.

B. READING
Exercise 1 : Read the information. Then read the sentences below. What is the writer doing in
each sentence? Choose the best options.

1. Many people wonder if it is worth spending a huge amount of money on space exploration. This is
a sensible question, although we should also consider the benefits that space research has given us
in terms of the technological advancements that have been made. [challenging an idea/ comparing
things/ giving a reason]

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2. NASA’s annual budget is approximately $17.5 billion. This sounds like a huge amount of money –
and it is – until you realise that Americans spend nearly twice that amount on pizza each year.
[challenging an idea/ comparing things/ giving a reason]

3. Some historians believe that the USSR and the USA were in a ‘race’ to develop rocket systems,
weapons and satellite technology. This is why conquering space, putting humans in orbit and on the
moon, became an important goal in the latter half of the 20th century. [challenging an idea/
comparing things/ giving a reason]

Exercise 2 : Skim read the paragraphs. Match the summaries with the paragraphs. There is
one extra summary that you do not need

Space tourism

A Space exploration is important. Apart from the fact that it inspires whole new generations of young scientists,
it helps us understand our environment and has given us a perspective on the world in which we live. Mostly,
space travel has been restricted to military or scientific exploration, but this is now changing. Now there is a
growing space tourism industry, which enables people to pay money to achieve their dreams of leaving the
Earth.

B Space tourism is not yet a realistic possibility for most people, although there have been commercial flights
into space for a few lucky people over the past few decades. In fact, the very first space tourist, Dennis Tito,
travelled to the International Space Station as long ago as 2001. Since then, six other fee-paying astronauts have
made the trip into space. The explanation for why it was possible for these visitors to have the privilege to leave
the Earth, of course, is that they paid enormous sums of money. For his seven days and 22 hours in space,
Dennis Tito is reported to have paid $20 million.

C At present, there are several business ventures planning to launch commercial flights to the edge of space,
and specially designed vehicles to enable this are being created. Although these do not plan to take tourists
away from the Earth’s atmosphere, they do offer the chance to travel on board a suborbital flight reaching
altitudes of up to 160 kilometres and moving at over 1.4 kilometres per second. This would offer customers the
experience of seeing a dark sky filled with stars, as well as a stunning view of the planet Earth below. Tickets
would cost in the region of $200,000 per trip, which would be a bargain compared to the fee Dennis Tito had to
pay. However, the trips would be a lot shorter, offering only a few minutes of weightlessness before returning
back to the ground, instead of seven days in outer space.

D So, it is possible that space tourism could one day become achievable and affordable for many people.
However, although a journey into space (or the edge of it) would be a rewarding, once-in-a-lifetime experience
for the lucky few, space travel could have widespread drawbacks for the rest of us. According to a study carried
out by NASA, a large number of suborbital launches would inevitably release a significant amount of carbon
dioxide into the higher levels of the Earth’s atmosphere. This alone could cause large-scale disruption to the
planet’s climate, increasing temperatures globally and disrupting the ozone layer.

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Exercise 3 : Read the information, then read the paragraphs again. Which paragraph contains
the following information? Choose the correct answers.

Exercise 4 : Read the information. Then look at questions 1–3 and choose the sentence from
each paragraph that contains the answer.

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Exercise 5: Read the information. Then read the questions and the sentences from the
paragraphs that contain the answers again. Select the words or phrases in each paragraph
that match the words and phrases in bold in the questions.

Exercise 6: Here are some more things a writer may do. Match the descriptions with the
functions.

Exercise 7: In this type of IELTS Reading matching information task, it is possible that you will
find the answer to more than one question in the same paragraph. Read the passage again.
Then decide which paragraph contains the information in questions 1–4. Choose the correct
answers.

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Exercise 8: Read the information. Then do the IELTS Reading task. The text has seven
paragraphs (A–G). Which paragraph contains the following information? Choose the
correct paragraph.

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What does it take to become an astronaut?
A What could be more thrilling than travelling through space and seeing the Earth from miles above?
Becoming an astronaut used to be a typical ambition for children, but one they were unlikely ever to fulfil – it
was even harder to achieve than becoming a rock star or Hollywood actor. However, since it was launched,
the International Space Station (ISS) has been home to well over 200 people from 18 different countries.
Although some critics complain that investing in the ISS is a poor use of billions of dollars, they should not
forget that research in the unique conditions of the ISS has resulted in some incredible discoveries in medical
treatments, weather science and satellite technology, which we now use on Earth. More teams are scheduled
to be sent up in the future and are certain to make even more valuable contributions to humanity.

B So what are the requirements for someone wanting to work on the ISS? First, the applicant must be a citizen
of the nation whose space programme they are applying for, or be willing to become one. Age is also
important, mid-20s to mid-40s being the preferred range. Natural intelligence is vital, and so is achievement in
such fields as engineering, biological and physical sciences, and mathematics. Candidates are nearly always
from a military background, often because they already have piloting skills, but in some countries, civilians can
also apply. For example, in the USA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) considers
people from a wide range of backgrounds.

C Obviously, applicants are unlikely to have previous space-travel experience when they attend an interview,
but recruiters also look for qualities such as adaptability and determination. Even after an applicant has got
through the first stage of the interview process, there are still other tests they have to pass. For example, if it
is discovered that the quality of an applicant’s eyesight is poor then, unfortunately, it’s time to go home. There
is a tough physical examination as well. Astronauts need to prove they are in good shape because if they are
eventually chosen to go on a mission, they will have to survive long months in microgravity, something which
can cause uncomfortable swelling in the arms and legs, and can affect the cardiovascular system.

D Eventually, out of all the applicants that apply, a small group is chosen to attend a two-year period of study.
During this time, they will learn a whole range of new things, such as a new language (they will have to
communicate with other nationalities on the ISS). They will also have media awareness lessons and special
preparation in a simulated zero-gravity environment. Once they have completed these sessions, the potential
astronauts may have to wait years before being chosen to go up to the ISS. In other words, they need to be
willing and able to depart at any time.

E If an astronaut is lucky enough to be sent to the ISS, he or she will have plenty to keep them busy. Mostly
they will be involved in scientific research, experimentation and maintaining equipment. But just as in any
home, the ISS must be kept clean. In fact, wiping and vacuuming up dirt and debris is even more important in
space, as the tiny particles could cause huge problems if they got inside some of the computers or other
equipment. Astronauts on board the ISS certainly report that they miss their children, their families and their
friends on Earth, but few ever complain about boredom. Of course, technology makes it a lot easier to stay in
touch nowadays.

F While the daily routine for an astronaut on the ISS may be little different from any other kind of job, there
are many new challenges each astronaut faces when they take their first trip into space. One of these is
getting used to the fact that there is no more ‘night’ and ‘day’ – at least, not in the way the astronauts have
previously experienced them. In fact, astronauts on the ISS will see a sunrise, or sunset, every 45 minutes.
Travelling at 17,500 miles an hour means they orbit the Earth 16 times in a normal ‘day’. As a result, it means
they won’t know when they are supposed to sleep any more. This is one of the reasons why they need to
follow the schedule that is organised for them. The schedule also tells them when they need to visit the

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gymnasium – which is at least once a day. If they do not exercise regularly, they will soon lose all the muscle in
their legs.

G Another challenge concerns when, what and how the astronauts eat. The schedule, of course, tells them
when it’s time to heat up a packaged meal, some of which are now prepared especially to suit the tastes of the
different nationalities amongst the crew. However, for a long time astronauts have reported that normal food
loses its flavour in the ISS, and they find it harder to taste anything. Scientists think this has something to do
with the fact that fluid moves to the upper body in microgravity, especially the head. This causes the tissues of
the face to swell slightly and makes the nose feel blocked. This is why ISS crews often prefer really spicy food
and strong flavours. If the food still isn’t spicy enough, they can add salt and pepper, but these have to be
squeezed out of tubes in liquid form!

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Exercise 9: Match the words and phrases from the Reading passage in the box with the words
and phrases in bold used in the questions

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C. LISTENING
Exercise 1. In this unit, you will practise the skills you need to understand what type of
information to listen for in a general conversation between two or three people. Read the
information about Section 1 of the IELTS Listening test. Choose two answers for each
question.

Exercise 2: Read the information. Then look at the table quickly and decide what type of
information you need to listen for. Match the information with the questions. There are more
types of information than you need.

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Exercise 3: Read the information. Then listen to two people choosing the best apartment for a
trip. Choose the correct words to complete the table. ( Track 3.1)

Exercise 4: Listen to the conversation again. Choose the correct options to complete the
explanations of why the answers are correct or incorrect. ( Track 3.1)

Facilities: has a (1) ...... that guests can use for free.
The answer is swimming pool because using it is included in the price. The car park and gym are/
aren’t free.

Location: lots of shops nearby, but unfortunately, it’s also near a (2) ...... .

The answer is restaurant, because the woman mentions some disadvantages of staying near it (it
could be noisy at night). She doesn’t say that being near a restaurant/ road/ supermarket would be a
disadvantage. There isn’t a restaurant/ road/ supermarket near the apartment.

Cost: (3) €...... per person for one night

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The answer is €35 because this is the price per person at the cheapest apartment. The price based
on two people staying is €35/ €42/ €70 and the price per person at another apartment is €35/ €42/
€70 per person.

Exercise 5: Listen and complete the table. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each
answer. ( Track 3.2)

Exercise 6: Read the information. Then, complete the chart. Use the phrases in the box.

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Exercise 7: Listen and choose the correct answers, A, B or C ( Track 3.3)

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Exercise 8: Listen and complete the sentences with the words the speakers use to introduce
topics, and make and respond to suggestions. ( Track 3.4)

Exercise 9. Listen and answer questions 1-10 ( Track 3.5)

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D. WRITING

Exercise 1. The diagram illustrates how bees produce honey. Look at the process and
complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

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Exercise 2. Look at the stages of the honey-making process again. Then put the sentences in
the correct order to complete the paragraph.

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Exercise 3. How you start your report (the introduction) is very important. Look at the
statements and decide if they are True or False.

Exercise 4. When describing a process, the first paragraph should include two things:

 an opening sentence – this tells us what the process is

 an overview – this tells us where the process starts and finishes

Look at the different first paragraphs about the process and choose the best one.

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Exercise 5. Read the main body of the report. Then answer the questions.

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Exercise 6. Read the information. Then read the active sentences and complete
the passive sentences underneath. The first one has been done for you.

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Exercise 7. It is important to link your stages clearly when you describe a process. Read the
report, looking in particular at the words and phrases in bold. Then put the words and phrases
in the box in the correct columns.

The diagram shows the seven most important stages in the making of honey by
bees. The process begins with the honey bees building a hive, and
then finishes when the honey is ready to be collected and used.
Firstly, the bees have to build a container. This is called a hive and it consists of
many individually built cells. Next, the bees leave the hive in order to search for
flowers. When they find a suitable flower, they collect the nectar from it, which is
used to make honey.
The nectar is then taken back to the hive where the production process can
begin. First, it is put into cells. Then, following this, the nectar must be cooled
down. In order to do this, the bees fan the nectar-filled cells with their wings. As a
result, the nectar loses its water content and then finally, the honey is produced.

Exercise 8. Look at the diagram of how a type of tent, called a tepee, is built. Then put the
stages in the correct order to complete the text.

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Answer:

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Exercise 9. WRITING TASK 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.

The diagram shows how a type of tent called a tepee is built.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words

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Model answer:

The diagram shows the eight stages needed to build a tepee. The process begins by tying together
three long sticks and ends by attaching the canvas to the ground to form the tepee.

Firstly, you need three long sticks of the same length which are tied together by rope. The rope is then
pulled to form a frame with three legs, which is called a tripod. Next, more sticks are added to the
tripod to make the frame strong and the rope is wrapped around the whole structure to keep it all
together. After this has been done, a canvas is wrapped around a separate stick. This is lifted against
the structure and the canvas is unrolled around the tepee. To keep the canvas in place, the ends are
then pinned together using metal pins. Finally, the bottom of the canvas is fixed to the ground. The
tepee is complete.

(150 Words)

E. SPEAKING

Exercise 1. Match the words to make collocations you can use to talk about the news and
media.

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Exercise 2. Put the letters in the correct order to complete the words about the news and
media.

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Exercise 3. Read the examiner’s IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions and look at the words and
phrases in bold. Match the paraphrases with the words or phrases from the questions. Use the
phrases in the box
Examiner:
Tell me, what kind of news stories interest young people in your country?
Are young people interested very much in news stories about politics?
What differences are there between news reporting on television and in
newspapers?
Are there any disadvantages of getting news from the internet?

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Exercise 4. Complete the examiner’s IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions. Use the words in the
box. Then watch the video and check your answers. ( Video 3.1)

Exercise 5. Choose the correct words to complete the IELTS Speaking Part 3 test. Then watch
the video and check your answers. ( Video 3.2)

Examiner: Let’s move on now to talk about the media and celebrities/ the famous such as actors
and musicians. Why do the media often talk/ report about bad things that celebrities do?
Student: I think, ... it’s probably because ... it’s easy to spread around, and it’s interesting to read
about ... .

Examiner: Should they report about the good things that celebrities do?
Student: Of course, they should show the public/ people the positive side also, because not every
person or celebrity is bad. They should show the good side/ view of celebrities, like the donations to
charities they make ...

Examiner: Do you think it’s all right that the media talk about the secret/ private lives of celebrities?
Student: I personally feel it’s not right because we all have the right/ need to have privacy. It’s a
basic human right to have privacy in life and it shouldn’t be shown in the media. ... But it’s breaking
news and people are more interested in it.

Examiner: But then do some celebrities invite/ start news about their private lives?
Student: Maybe they do because they want to get famous. It’s the clear/ obvious way of getting
famous because if … you’re trending and you’re in the news, it’s a good way of being in
people’s heads/ minds.

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Examiner: But what about most celebrities – do they really need/ require the media?
Student: Celebrities do need the media because it’s the media that gets them the status/ popularity
, the fans…who/will go and watch their movies, so celebrities, they do need the media, in my
opinion.

Examiner: And film stars?

Student: Film stars, they also need it ... to promote/ advertise their movies because … the media
represents you know ... and tells society what is happening around the world.

Examiner: Thank you very much. That is the end of the speaking test.

Exercise 6. In IELTS Speaking Part 3 it’s important to express your opinions. Read the
examiner’s questions and the student’s answers, looking in particular at the words in italics.
Then watch the video and decide if the student’s opinions are positive, negative or if he’s not
sure. ( Video 3.3)

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Exercise 7. Complete the table with the phrases that express opinions

Exercise 8. Watch the video. Then look at the errors in bold that the student makes. Choose
the correct words that the student should have used. Use the words in the box. Replace any
words that were unnecessary with ‘–’. ( Video 3.4)

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Exercise 9. Answer the following IELTS Speaking Part 3 questions.

1. What kind of news stories interest young people in your country?

2. What differences are there between news reported on TV and the newspapers?
3. Do you think newspapers will die out in the future?
4. Why does the media often report about bad things that celebrities do?
5. Do you think it’s alright that the media talks about the private life of celebrities?
6. Do celebrities need the media?

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LISTENING SCRIPT

Exercise 3 & 4
M: So, I’ve been checking some apartments in Vienna for our trip. This one here is the cheapest of the ones
I’ve looked at.
F: OK. How many people can it sleep?
M: Only two. It’s got a double bed, a nice little kitchen, and a very small balcony where you can sit.
F: Anything else included in the price?
M: Well, when I checked the website, it looked as though there’s a car park you can use, but it looks like you
have to pay a little bit extra for that. There is even the option to pay to use a small gym.
F: Well, we’re not taking a car, and I don’t want to use a gym on holiday!
M: You might want to use the swimming pool, though. It’s in the same building, and it’s included in the price.
F: Oh, OK. And if there’s a kitchen, do you think we should cook our own food?
M: Yes, we could. There are a lot of places nearby where we could buy food. There’s no supermarket,
unfortunately, but we just have to walk down the road to find some small shops.
F: That’s good.
M: There’s also a restaurant right next to the apartment, which is good. It’s open until midnight.
F: I don’t know if that’s good, is it? Won’t it be very noisy at night?
M: Yes, you’re right. OK, maybe we should choose another one.
F: But that would be more expensive, I suppose?
M: Yes, I saw one for €42 each per day.
F: OK, but you said this one here is the cheapest. So what IS the price, exactly?
M: It’s €70.
F: Mm, so that’s €35 each, which isn’t bad. I’d rather not pay more if we don’t have to. Let’s go for this one.

Exercise 5:

You will hear Tom and Annie, who are brother and sister, planning a joint holiday for their families to a place
called Beachside Holiday Park.

Tom: Hello?
Annie: Hi Tom, it’s Annie. How are you?
Tom: Oh hi! I’m good. We’re really looking forward to going away with you. The children are so excited.
Annie: Yes. It’s going to be great. Anyway, I’ve got some information about Beachside Holiday Park.
Tom: Great – let me just get a pencil. OK, I’m ready.
Annie: Alright, there are three kinds of cabin. The first one is called an ‘Economy’.
Tom: Economy. OK.
Annie: Well, it’s only got one bedroom, but it would be OK for you and Sarah and your two boys. There’s one
double bed, and a bunk bed.
Tom: How about a kitchen? Does it have one of those?
Annie: No – you’d have to use the same one that everyone else uses at the camp. What it does have is its own
small bathroom, though.
Tom: Alright, I’ll just make a note of that. I’ll discuss all of this with Sarah, later.
Annie: OK, and you can tell her about the location, too. When I first looked at the map, I thought the Economy
cabins were next to the car park but I got that wrong. Actually, they’re right by the playground. I think that’d be
nice for the children.
Tom: Yes, they’d like that. And how about the cost?
Annie: It’s £85 a night for the whole cabin. So, yes, at the cheaper end. Then there’s the Family Cabin. It’s got
two bedrooms – so a bit more space, and a shower.
Tom: That reminds me. Do I need to pack a towel for all of us? You know, sometimes holiday parks don’t

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provide them.
Annie: That’s right. You’ll all need one of those. But you can get shampoo and soap from the little shop, there.
And toothpaste, too. So if you forget those, it doesn’t matter. Now, what else? Oh yes, it has a great view of the
lake, and the cost … let me see, in the busy season it’s £130 per night for the whole cabin, but we’re going after
the busy season is over, so that’s £100 for our booking. Wow! It goes up to £200 on New Year’s Eve. Good
thing we’re not going then.
Tom: Yes, that’s a lot for a holiday park. And did you say there was a third type of cabin?
Annie: Yes, it’s called the ‘Superior’. It’s actually got enough beds for all eight of us, and it’s got a nice big
kitchen too.
Tom: Sounds good. So we could all fit into the Superior?
Annie: Yes – I guess it might get a bit crowded with my two girls and your two boys – but it should be fun. I
suppose they could always go to the games room if we need some peace and quiet!
Tom: Good idea. They can meet other children that way.
Annie: The other thing I like about the Superior is that right outside, there’s a garden – just for us to use. It’s not
very big – but big enough for some chairs – so we could take them outside and relax as we watch the sun go
down.
Tom: Oh, Sarah would like that. I don’t suppose it has a barbecue, does it?
Annie: Not one of our own, but there’s a whole lot of them in the centre of the holiday park.
Tom: Alright.
Annie: The only negative thing for me is that it’s quite near to the office – you know, where everyone comes
and checks in. The noise might be a problem at night, if people are coming and going.
Tom: Hmm, possibly.
Annie: But the price isn’t bad – £175 for two families. It’s worth considering

Exercise 7:

Tom: OK, when do you think we should leave? The journey will take about 4 or 5 hours, won’t it? So if we left
early on Friday evening, we should be at Beachside Holiday Park about 9 or 10 o’clock.

Annie: Oh, but the traffic will be awful then. How about we go first thing Saturday morning? Then we won’t have
to drive in the dark.

Tom: Alright. I see what you mean. So if we leave then, we should arrive early Saturday afternoon – still time to
head down to the beach.

Annie: OK, good. So if you all come round to our house for about nine, we can set off together. And what about
food for the journey? I know my children – they’ll be asking for food all the way there!

Tom: Yes – and I don’t think we can make them wait until after we arrive at the holiday park. We can stop at the
bakery on our way over to you, if you like – and pick up some sandwiches or something for us all.

Annie: That’s a brilliant idea. Then we can stop off somewhere on the way and eat. Cheaper than a café,
anyway.

Tom: OK, then. Do the children know what kind of activities they want to do when we’re at the holiday park,
Annie?

Annie: Well, they’re very keen for us to go horse riding.

Tom: Great!

Annie: But you need to book in advance, and I’m not sure I want to do that right now.

Tom: Why not? If you’re worried about the cost, I’d be happy to pay for you and the children.

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Annie: Thanks, but that’s not it. It’s just that at the moment, we’re not sure what the forecast is. I mean, it’s fine
right now, but there’s a possibility it might rain at the weekend. So I’d rather wait until we get there.

Tom: OK.

Annie: But hopefully it’ll be OK – it’s a two-hour ride, and my kids would enjoy that. They can ride pretty well.

Tom: One thing that I’d like to happen during the holiday – I’d like the children to be a bit more independent. I
think they’re old enough to go and explore by themselves, don’t you?

Annie: Actually, Tom, I’m afraid the waves at the beach can be pretty big, and my children aren’t great
swimmers, although they are having lessons. Maybe next year?

Tom: If you like, I’ll go with them to the beach.

Annie: I’d feel better if you did. But it would be good if we could teach them how to make a fire, like dad taught
us. And how to put it out properly, once you’ve finished with it.

Tom: Definitely. I couldn’t agree more. All kids should know how to do that. It’s part of growing up. More useful
than playing on their computers all day long, or watching TV!

Annie: Well, I’ll call you again tomorrow and …

Exercise 8:

1
Tom: So if we left early on Friday evening, we should be at Beachside Holiday Park about 9 or 10 o’clock.
Annie: Oh, but the traffic will be awful then. How about we go first thing Saturday morning? Then we won’t have
to drive in the dark.
2
Tom: Alright. I see what you mean. So if we leave then, we should arrive early Saturday afternoon – still time to
head down to the beach.

Annie: OK, good. So if you all come round to our house for about nine, we can set off together. And what about
food for the journey? I know my children – they’ll be asking for food all the way there!

3
Tom: Yes – and I don’t think we can make them wait until after we arrive at the holiday park. We can stop at the
bakery on our way over to you, if you like – and pick up some sandwiches or something for us all.
Annie: That’s a brilliant idea. Then we can stop off somewhere on the way and eat. Cheaper than a café,
anyway.
Tom: OK, then.

4
Annie: It’s just that at the moment, we’re not sure what the forecast is. I mean, it’s fine right now, but there’s a
possibility it might rain at the weekend. So I’d rather wait until we get there.

5
Tom: If you like, I’ll go with them to the beach.
Annie: I’d feel better if you did. But it would be good if we could teach them how to make a fire, like dad taught
us. And how to put it out properly, once you’ve finished with it.

6
Tom: Definitely. I couldn’t agree more. All kids should know how to do that. It’s part of growing up.

Exercise 9:

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IELTS ESSENTIALS
You will hear a man who is interested in doing voluntary work connected with the environment talking to a
woman who works for an organization that runs environmental projects. First, you have some time to look at
Questions 1-10.

Pause

Now listen and answer Questions 1-10.

Hannah: Hello, how can I help you?

Ryan: Well, I’ve come in because I want to volunteer for one of your environmental projects. I read something
about your organization in the paper a few days ago and I thought I’d like to get involved.

H: OK, that sounds good. What’s your name?

R: Fine.

H. Right, well as you know, we’re called The Volunteer Agency and that pretty well explains what we do. We
recruit people for a wide range of projects. A lot of our work concerns environmental projects and at the moment
we’ve got 130,000 volunteers working on these projects.

R. What sort of environmental projects are they?

H. Well, for example, if you wanted to go abroad, one of our big projects involves gathering information that is
used for the protection of marine and forest environments. Volunteers on that do diving or collect biodiversity
data on tropical rainforest species.

R. Sounds exciting. But I think I’d rather stay here, at least to start off with.

H. Ok. Well, here in our own country we’ve got a big project aimed at clearing up litter in rural areas. The aim of
this is to get everyone involved in making sure their local environment is clean and tidy.

R. Yes, I’ve seen adverts for that.

H Another project involves looking after the National Cycle network, keeping the routes safe and attractive for
cyclists. This is part of a bigger scheme concerned with developing sustainable transport systems all across the
country.

R. Interesting …

H. Now, if you want to do something in the city, rather than the countryside, within cities we also have the City
Farms projects, which involve working with people, plants and animals.

R. Oh, what are those? Are they real farms? How do they work?

H. Well, yes, they’re real farms and they’re an example of a project that relies almost entirely on volunteers. On
other projects, you might be working alongside salaried people, but with these, almost everyone is unpaid. In
fact, many of our projects have very few, if any, paid staff.

R. Yes, that’s what I thought.

H. Well, do any of these things sound particularly appealing to you?

R. Well, as I say, I wasn’t thinking of going abroad, and I’m not sure that any of those is exactly the sort of thing
I’m really looking for. Sorry!

H. That’s OK, there are a lots more things I can tell you about. I’m sure we’ll find a project that’s right up your
street.

R. Yes, I hope so.

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IELTS ESSENTIALS
H. OK, well, let’s have a look at a few other possibilities.

Pause

H. Right, well one thing that might suit you is a scheme called Wildlife Link. There are 47 branches of this
around the country, with over 24,000 active volunteers, and it’s involved in all aspects of nature conservation.
Its aim is to protect wildlife in all habitats across the country. Things you can do there include looking after
nature reserves, taking part in community gardening and carrying out surveys of wildlife species. Tell me, are
you keen to be outdoors?

R Yes, I am, and that does sound like the sort of thing I might be really interested in.

H OK. Well, here’s another project that you might like the sound of. This one’s aimed at young people.

R Right, tell me about that one.

H It’s called Wildlife Watch, and involves organizing groups for young people, getting them to explore and learn
about their local environment. There are over 300 groups and around 150,000 members of those groups. As
well as running those groups and going out with them, there is a need for volunteers with administrative skills. Is
that the sort of thing you might fancy?

R Maybe, but I think I’d probably prefer to be more hands-on, doing physical work.

H. OK. Well, then the organization called Action Earth might be the one for you. They’ve got a total 908
projects, involving over 18,000 volunteers. They do all sorts of things, from planting trees to constructing fences
and walls and collecting litter, their aim being to improve the local environment in all sorts of ways. How does
that sound?

R. I might well be interested in that.

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