4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Design of Water Tanks

 Types of tanks according to shapes: ‫ٔاﻧﻮاع اﳋﺰاانت ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺸﲁ‬
1-Rectangular tanks. ‫اﳋﺰاانت اﳌﺴـﺘﻄﻴهل‬
2-Circular tanks. ‫اﳋﺰاانت ادلاﺋﺮﻳﻪ‬

For circular tank load transfer in two direction

1- Ring direction (Horizontal)

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 ‫)‪4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4‬‬

‫‪2- Vertical direction:‬‬

‫ٔاﻧﻮاع اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﰲ ﺧﺰاانت اﳌﻴﺎﻩ ‪Types of section in water tanks:‬‬

‫‪1- Air section:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰم ﰲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﰲ اﳉﻬﻪ اﳋﺎرﺟﻴﻪ اي انﺣﻴﻪ اﻟﻬﻮاء وﻳﱲ ﺗﺼﻤﳰﻪ ﻋﺎدي ﺟﺪا زي ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ اﳌﻌﺮوﻓﻪ‬
‫)ﻗﻄﺎع رﰴ ‪. (2‬‬
‫‪2- Water section:‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰم ﰲ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ﰲ هجﺔ اﳌﺎء )ﻗﻄﺎع رﰴ ‪ . (1‬وﻳﱲ ﺗﺼﻤﳰﻪ ﻣﻊ الاﺧﺬ ﰲ الاﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﻋﺪم ﺗﻮدل اي ﴍوخ ﻟﻌﺪم‬
‫ﺗﱶب اﳌﺎء‬

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

 Design of water section:

1- Section subject to tension force only (T) ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻌﺮض ﻟﻘﻮة ﺷﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ‬
1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:

t= ∗
≥ 20.0cm where b=100 cm &
/

fctr = 1.90 ≤ 30 kg/cm2 &  = 1.70

2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :
Tu=1.4*T (for rested water) (‫& اﳌﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﺮاﻛﺪﻩ )اﳋﺰاانت‬
Tu=1.6*T (for moving water) (‫اﳌﻴﺎﻩ اﳌﺘﺤﺮﻛﻪ )اﻟﻘﻨﻮات‬

2- As= ∗ ⁄

As/side= As/2 cm2/m’

get cr from table (4-15) page (4-59) ‫ﻛﻮد ﻣﴫي‬

Ø (mm) 10 12 16 18 22

cr 0.93 0.85 0.78 0.75 0.65

Example:
Design water section subject to tension force (T = 30 ton)
Fcu = 300 kg/cm2 & fy = 3600 kg/cm2

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

SOLUTION
1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:

t= ∗ /

fctr = 1.90 =1.90 √300 = 32.9 > 30 kg/cm2

Take fctr = 30 kg/cm2
∗ ^
t= =17cm <20.0 take t =20.0cm
∗ . / .

2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :

Tu=1.4*T = 1.40 *30 = 42.0 ton

2- As= ∗ ⁄

Assume using (Ø 16)  cr from table =0.78

∗ ^
 As= . ∗ ⁄ .
= 17.20 cm2/m’
As/side= 17.20/2 =8.60 cm2/m’
Use As = 5Ø 16/m’ / each side

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

2- Section subject to bending moment (M) only ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻌﺮض ﻟﻌﺰوم ﻓﻘﻂ‬
1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:

t≈ . ∗
≥ 20.0cm where b=100 cm

Check tensile stresses :

(fct = ∗
)≤ to get  Use tv = t

get : from table (4-16) page (4-60) ‫ﻛﻮد ﻣﴫي‬

tv (cm) ≤20 30 40 50 ≥60

 1.3 1.45 1.60 1.65 1.70

Not: if (fct > ) increase (t)

2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :

Mu=1.4*M

d=C1 ∗
& d=t-cover (4.0cm) get C1

(From table (shaker page 401 get j )

As= ∗ ∗ ∗
cm2/m’

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Example:
Design water section subject to bending moment (M = 5.0 t.m)
Fcu = 250 kg/cm2 & fy = 3600 kg/cm2
SOLUTION
1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:
. ∗ ^
t≈ . ∗
= . ∗
=40.82 use t =40.0cm
Check tensile stresses:
∗ . ∗ ^
fct = ∗
= ∗ .
=18.75 kg/cm2
fctr = 1.90 =1.90 √250 = 30.0 kg/cm2
to get () Use tv = t =40.0 from table  =1.60
.
 (fct =18.75 ) ≤ ( = .
=18.75) ok.
2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :
Mu=1.4*M =1.40 *5.0 = 7.0 t.m

d=C1 ∗
& d=40-4.0 =36.0cm

. ∗ ^
36.0 = C1 ∗
get C1 =6.80
(From table (shaker page 401 get j = 0.826)
Assume using (Ø 12)  cr from table =0.85
. ∗ ^
As= ∗ ∗ ∗
= . ∗ ∗ . ∗ .
= 7.70 cm2/m’
Use As = 7Ø 12/m’

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

3- Section subject to (M & T) ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻌﺮض ﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮة ﺷﺪ‬

1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:

t ≈ 1.1 . ∗
≥ 20.0cm where b=100 cm

Check tensile stresses:

(fct = ∗
+ ∗
)≤

To get  Use tv = t(1±

∗
) & e=
‫انﺧﺬ الاﺷﺎرة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺎةل اﻟﻘﻮﻩ اﶈﻮرﻳﻪ ﺷﺪ وﻧﺎٔﺧﺬﻫﺎ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﰲ ﺣﺎةل اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‬

Not : if (fct > ) increase t

2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :

Mu=1.4*M & Tu=1.4*T e=

es= e-t/2 + cover (4.0cm) if (Tu tension)
es= e+t/2 - cover (4.0cm) if (Tu compression)
Mus=Tu *es

d=C1 ∗
get C1 & get j

As= ∗ ∗ ∗
+ ∗ ⁄
if (Tu tension)

As= ∗ ∗ ∗
- ∗ ⁄
if (Tu compression)
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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Example:
Design water section subject to(M = 4.0 t.m & T(tension)=6.0 t )
Fcu = 250 kg/cm2 & fy = 3600 kg/cm2
SOLUTION
1- Get thickness (t) and check tensile stresses:
. ∗ ^
Assume t ≈ 1.1* . ∗
= 1.1* . ∗
=40.61 cm

use t =40.0cm
Check tensile stresses:
∗ . ∗ ^ . ∗ ^
fct = ∗
+ ∗
= ∗ .
+ ∗ .
=16.50 kg/cm2

fctr = 1.90 =1.90 √250 = 30.0 kg/cm2

.
to get () e= =
.
=0.67 m =67.0 cm
.
tv = t(1+ ) = 40.0(1+ ) = 44.0 cm
∗ ∗ .

from table  =1.62

.
 (fct =16.50 ) ≤ ( = .
=18.51) ok.

2- Get As (steel Reinforcement) :

Tu=1.4*T = 1.40 * 6.0 = 8.40 t & e= 0.67 m
es= e-t/2 + cover (4.0cm) = 0.67 -0.40/2 + 0.04 =0.51 m

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Mus=Tu *es = 8.40 * 0.51= 4.30 t.m

d=C1 ∗
 & d=40-4.0 =36.0cm

. ∗ ^
36.0 = C1 ∗
get C1 =8.70

(From table (shaker page 401 get j = 0.826)

Assume using (Ø 12)  cr from table =0.85

** As= ∗ ∗ ∗
+ ∗ ⁄

. ∗ ^ . ∗ ^
= . ∗ ∗ . ∗ .
+ . ∗ / .
=7.88 cm2/m’

Use As = 7Ø 12/m’

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Analysis and design of circular tanks

Types of circular tanks according to wall base connection
‫اﻧﻮاع اﳋﺰاانت ادلاﺋﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﺗﺼﺎل اﳊﺎﺋﻂ ابﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ‬
1- Sliding 2- Hinged 3- fixed
Case (1) : Wall – Base sliding connection :
‫ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﲔ اﳊﺎﺋﻂ واﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﰲ اﳊﺪﻳﺪ او ﰲ اﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬
. ‫اﶵﻞ ﳇﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﰲ الاﲡﺎﻩ الاﻓﻘﻲ ﻟﻠﺨﺰان وﻳﻌﳣﺪ ﻋﲇ الاﺗﺰان ادلاﺧﲇ‬

Load in Ring direction:

p= w *h
T=p* r (‫)ﻗﻮة ﺷﺪ ﳏﻮرﻳﻪ‬
where :
w = 1.0 ‫ﻛﺜﺎﻓﺔ اﳌﻴﺎﻩ‬
h : ‫ & ارﺗﻔﺎع اﳋﺰان‬r : =D/2 (‫)ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮ اﳋﺰان‬

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Case (2) : Wall – Base Hinged connection :

(Mf =0.0) ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﲔ اﳊﺎﺋﻂ واﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﰲ اﳊﺪﻳﺪ واﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ابدلوران ﲝﻴﺚ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻋﺰوم‬
‫اﶵﻞ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﰲ الاﲡﺎﻩ الاﻓﻘﻲ واﻟﺮ ٔاﳼ‬

Get Mm & Q(shear ) & T (Ring tension) using (B.C.A)table

(shaker pages 167 -173)
* Assume t =(0.30.40 )H*r

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

* get ∗

*1- get (Ring tension force) T =Ct* w*H*r

* get Max. (Ct ) from table (2) (II) : using ∗

H2/Dt 0.0H 0.1H 0.2H 0.3H 0.4H 0.5H 0.6H 0.7H 0.8H 0.9H
0.4

0.8 ‫( ٔاﻛﱪ ﻗﳰﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺼﻒ‬Ct)

1.2

16

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*2- Bending moment (Mm) :

* get Max. (Cm ) from table (8) (VIII) : using ∗

** get Mm =Cm* w*H3

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*3- Shear force (Q) :

* get Max. (CQ ) from table (12) (XII) : using ∗

** get Q =CQ* w*H2

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Case (3) : Wall – Base Fixed connection :

(Mf =value) ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ اﺗﺼﺎل ﰷﻣﻞ ﺑﲔ اﳊﺎﺋﻂ واﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﰲ اﳊﺪﻳﺪ واﳋﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﺘﻜﻮن ﻋﺰوم‬
‫اﶵﻞ ﻳﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﰲ الاﲡﺎﻩ الاﻓﻘﻲ واﻟﺮ ٔاﳼ‬

Get Mm & Q(shear ) & T (Ring tension) using (B.C.A)table

* Assume t =(0.30.40 )H*r

* get ∗

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*1- get (Ring tension force) T =Ct* w*H*r

* get Max. (Ct ) from table (1) (I) : using ∗

‫( ٔاﻛﱪ ﻗﳰﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺼﻒ‬Ct) ‫انﺧﺬ‬

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*2- Bending moment (Mm & Mf) :

* get Max. (Cm+ & Cm- ) from table (7) (VII) : using ∗
** get Mm =Cm+* w*H3
‫( ٔاﻛﱪ ﻗﳰﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺼﻒ‬Cm+) ‫انﺧﺬ‬
** get Mf =Cm-* w*H3
‫( ٔاﻛﱪ ﻗﳰﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺼﻒ‬Cm- ) ‫انﺧﺬ‬

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

3- Shear force (Q) :

* get Max. (CQ ) from table (12) (XII) : using ∗

** get Q =CQ* w*H2

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

Example:
Calculate Straining actions (M , Q , T)for circular tank with height
(H=8.0 m) & diameter (D=20m) considering wall – base
connection
1- Sliding 2- Hinged 3- fixed
Solution
1- Sliding: Ring force only (T):
T= w *h *r = 1.0 *8.0 *10.0 =80.0 ton
2- Hinged: Ring force (T) & shear (Q) & +ve moment (Mm)
* Assume t =(0.30.40 )H*r ==(0.30.40 )8.0*10.0
=24.0  32.0 Take t = 30.0 cm
.
* get ∗
= . ∗ .
=10.66 take 10.0
1-(Ring tension force) T :

* get Max. (Ct ) from table (2) (II) : using ∗

=10.0

 Ct = 0.73
* *get (Ring tension force) T =Ct* w*H*r
= 0.73 *1.0*8.0*10.0=58.40 t .

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*2- Bending moment (Mm) :

* get Max. (Cm ) from table (8) (VIII) : using ∗

=10.0

 Cm =0.0045
** get Mm =Cm* w*H3 = 0.0045 *1.0 *8.03 =2.304 t.m/m’
3- Shear force (Q) :

* get Max. (CQ ) from table (12) (XII) : using ∗

=10.0

 CQ =0.087
** get Q =CQ* w*H2=0.087 *1.0 *8.02 =5.57 t /m’
3- Fixed: Ring force (T) & shear (Q) & moment (Mm & Mf)
1-(Ring tension force) T :

* get Max. (Ct ) from table (1) (I) : using ∗

=10.0

 Ct = 0.608
* *get (Ring tension force) T =Ct* w*H*r
= 0.608*1.0*8.0*10.0=48.6 t .

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 4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

*2- Bending moment (Mm & Mf) :

* get Max. (Cm+ & Cm-)from table (7) (VII): using ∗

=10.0

 Cm+ =0.0029 ‫ٔاﻛﱪ رﰴ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ‬

 Cm- =-0.0122 ‫ٔاﻛﱪ رﰴ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ‬
** get Mm =Cm+* w*H3 = 0.0029 *1.0 *8.03 =1.48 t.m/m’
** get Mf =Cm-* w*H3 = 0.0122 *1.0 *8.03 =6.25 t.m/m’
3- Shear force (Q) :

* get Max. (CQ ) from table (12) (XII) : using ∗

=10.0

 CQ =0.158
** get Q =CQ* w*H2=0.158*1.0 *8.02 =10.10 t /m’

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4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

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4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

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4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

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4th Civil year – Reinforced Concrete - Notes No (4)

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