R090r3e 01

E/ECE/324/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.3−E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.
17 February 2012
Agreement
Concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled

vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on
wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of
approvals granted on the basis of these prescriptions*
(Revision 2, including the amendments which entered into force on 16 October 1995)
_________
Addendum 89: Regulation No. 90
Revision 3
Incorporating all valid text up to:
Supplement 11 to the 01 series of amendments − Date of entry into force: 24 October 2009
Corrigendum 1 to Revision 2 of the Regulation − Date of entry into force: 23 June 2010
02 series of amendments − Date of entry into force: 28 October 2011
Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake

lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and drums for power-
driven vehicles and their trailers
_________
UNITED NATIONS
* Former title of the Agreement: Agreement Concerning the Adoption of Uniform Conditions of
Approval and Reciprocal Recognition of Approval for Motor Vehicle Equipment and Parts, done at
Geneva on 20 March 1958.
GE.12-
E/ECE/324/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.3
E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.3
Regulation No. 90
Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement

brake lining assemblies, drum brake linings and discs and
drums for power-driven vehicles and their trailers
Contents
Page
1. Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 5
2. Definitions ................................................................................................................................ 5
3. Application for approval .......................................................................................................... 8
4. Approval................................................................................................................................... 11
5. Specifications and tests ............................................................................................................ 13
6. Packaging and marking ............................................................................................................ 21
7. Modifications and extension of approval of replacement parts ................................................ 23

8. Conformity of production......................................................................................................... 23
9. Penalties for non-conformity of production ............................................................................. 24
10. Production definitively discontinued........................................................................................ 25
11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests,
and of Type Approval Authorities............................................................................................ 25
12. Transitional provisions ............................................................................................................. 256
Annexes
1A Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal
of approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake lining
assembly or replacement drum brake lining pursuant to Regulation No. 90 ............................ 26
1B Communication concerning the approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval
or production definitively discontinued of a replacement brake disc or a replacement
brake drum pursuant to Regulation No. 90 .............................................................................. 28
2 Arrangements of the approval mark and approval data ............................................................ 29
3 Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2
and N1 ....................................................................................................................................... 31
4 Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings
for vehicles of categories M3, N2 and N3 .................................................................................. 38
5 Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles
of categories O1 and O2 ............................................................................................................ 43
6 Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings
for vehicles of categories O3 and O4......................................................................................... 45
7 Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L ................. 47
3
8 Technical prescriptions for

replacement brake lining assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake systems
being independent of the vehicle service brake system ............................................................ 49
9 Special additional procedures
for conformity of production .................................................................................................... 50
10 Illustrations ............................................................................................................................... 57
11 Requirements for replacement brake discs or brake drums for vehicles of categories M
and N ........................................................................................................................................ 62
12 Requirements for replacement brake discs/drums for vehicles of category O ......................... 79
13 Model test report for a replacement brake disc/drum ............................................................... 93
4
1. Scope
1.1. This Regulation applies to the basic braking function of the following
replacement parts 1:
1.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies intended for use in friction brakes forming
part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N, L and O which have a type
approval in accordance with Regulations Nos. 13, 13-H or 78.
1.1.2. Replacement drum brake linings designed to be riveted to a brake shoe for
fitment to and use on vehicles of category M3, N2, N3, O3 or O4 having a type
approval in accordance with Regulation No. 13.
1.1.3. The replacement brake lining assemblies used for separate parking brake systems
being independent of the vehicle service brake system will be subject only to the
technical prescriptions defined in Annex 8 of this Regulation.
1.1.4. Replacement brake drums and discs intended for use in friction brakes forming
part of a braking system of vehicles of category M, N and O which have a type
approval in accordance with Regulation No. 13 or Regulation No. 13-H.
1.2. Original brake discs and brake drums, fitted at time of manufacturing of the
vehicle and original replacement discs and drums intended for the servicing
of the vehicle are not subject to this Regulation.
1.3. This Regulation does not apply to "Special parts", as defined in
paragraph 2.3.4.
2. Definitions
2.1. General definitions
2.1.1. "Manufacturer" means the organization which can assume technical
responsibility for the brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings or brake
drums and discs and can demonstrate that it possesses the necessary means to
achieve conformity of production.
2.1.2. "Replacement part" means either a replacement brake lining assembly type,
a replacement drum brake lining type, a replacement drum brake lining, a
replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc.
2.1.3. "Original part" means either an original brake lining, an original brake
lining assembly, an original drum brake lining, an original brake drum or an
original brake disc.
2.2. Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly
type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake
lining.
1
It does not apply to possible additional functions of replacement parts as for example speed sensing in
the case of integrated speed sensing devices or guidance of the wheels in the case of integrated hubs.
5
2.2.1. "Braking system" has the meaning assigned in Regulation No. 13,
paragraph 2.3., or Regulation No. 13-H, paragraph 2.3., or
Regulation No. 78, paragraph 2.5.
2.2.2. "Friction brake" means the part of a braking system in which the forces
opposing the movement of a vehicle are developed by friction between a
brake lining and a wheel disc or drum moving relatively to each other.
2.2.3. "Brake lining assembly" means a component of a friction brake which is
pressed against a drum or disc, respectively, to produce the friction force.
2.2.3.1. "Shoe assembly" means a brake lining assembly of a drum brake;
2.2.3.1.1. "Shoe" means a component of a shoe assembly which carries the brake
lining;
2.2.3.2. "Pad assembly" means a brake lining assembly of a disc brake;
2.2.3.2.1. "Backplate" means a component of a pad assembly which carries the brake
lining;
2.2.3.3. "Brake lining" means the friction material component with the shape and
final dimension to be fixed on to the shoe or backplate;
2.2.3.4. "Drum brake lining" means a brake lining for a drum brake.
2.2.3.5. "Friction material" means the product of a specified mixture of materials and
processes which together determine the characteristics of a brake lining;
2.2.4. "Brake lining type" means a category of brake linings which do not differ in
friction material characteristics.
2.2.5. "Brake lining assembly type" means wheel sets of brake lining assemblies
which do not differ in brake lining type, dimension or functional
characteristics.
2.2.6. "Drum brake lining type" means wheel sets of brake lining components
which after fitment to the shoes do not differ in brake lining type, dimensions
or functional characteristics.
2.2.7. "Original brake lining" means a brake lining type referenced in the vehicle
type approval documentation, Regulation No. 13, Annex 2, paragraph 8.1.1.,
Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 1, paragraph 7.1. 2 or Regulation No. 78,
Annex 1, paragraph 5.4.
2.2.8. "Original brake lining assembly" means a brake lining assembly conforming
to the data attached to a vehicle type approval documentation;
2.2.9. "Replacement brake lining assembly" means a brake lining assembly of a
type approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement for an
original brake lining assembly.
2.2.10. "Original drum brake lining" means a drum brake lining conforming to the
data attached to a vehicle type approval documentation.
2
If such brake linings are not available on the market, alternatively, brake linings listed under
paragraph 8.2. may be used.
6
2.2.11. "Replacement drum brake lining" means a drum brake lining of a type
approved under this Regulation as a suitable service replacement when fitted
to a shoe for an original drum brake lining.
2.2.12. "Parking brake lining assembly" means a pad assembly or shoe assembly
belonging to a parking brake system separate and independent from the
service brake system.
2.3. Definitions regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum or a
replacement brake disc.
2.3.1. "Original brake disc/brake drum"
2.3.1.1. In the case of motor vehicles, is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle
braking system type approval according to Regulation No. 13 or 13-H.
2.3.1.2. In the case of trailers:
(a) Is a brake disc/drum covered by the vehicle braking system type
approval according to Regulation No. 13;
(b) Is a brake disc/drum which is part of a brake for which the axle
manufacturer owns a test report according to Annex 11 of
Regulation No. 13.
2.3.2. "Identification code" identifies the brake discs or brake drums covered by the
braking system approval according to Regulations Nos. 13 and 13-H. It
contains at least the manufacturer's trade name or trademark and an
identification number.
The vehicle manufacturer shall provide on request of the technical service
and/or approval authority the necessary information, which makes the link
between the braking system type approval and the corresponding
identification code.
2.3.3. Replacement parts
2.3.3.1. "Original replacement brake discs and brake drums": original brake discs/
brake drums intended for servicing the vehicle and carrying an identification
code as defined in paragraph 2.3.2. affixed in such a way as to be indelible
and clearly legible.
2.3.3.2. "Identical brake disc" is a replacement brake disc which is chemically and
physically identical in every respect with the exception of the vehicle
manufacturer mark, which is absent, to the original brake disc.
2.3.3.3. "Identical brake drum" is a replacement brake drum which is chemically and
physically identical in every respect with the exception of the vehicle
manufacturer mark, which is absent, to the original brake drum.
2.3.3.4. "Equivalent brake disc" is a replacement brake disc which is identical to the
original brake disc in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and basic
design and is also from the same material sub-group as the original brake disc
as defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.
2.3.3.5. "Equivalent brake drum" is a replacement brake drum which is identical to
the original brake drum in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and
basic design and is also from the same material sub-group as the original
brake drum as defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.
7
2.3.3.6. "Interchangeable brake disc" is a replacement brake disc which has the same
interface dimensions as the original brake disc but may differ from the
original brake disc in terms of its design, material composition and
mechanical properties.
2.3.3.7. "Interchangeable brake drum" is a replacement brake drum which has the
same interface dimensions as the original brake drum but may differ from the
original brake drum in terms of its design, material composition and
mechanical properties.
2.3.4. "Special brake disc/drum" means a replacement brake disc/drum not covered
by paragraphs 2.3.1. to 2.3.3.
2.3.5. "Functional dimensions": all the measurements that are relevant with
regard to the fitting and functioning of the components of the braking system
(see paragraph 5.3.7.1. and Annex 10).
2.3.6. "Type of brake disc/drum": brake discs or drums having the same basic
design and material group in accordance with the classification criteria
pursuant to paragraphs 5.3.5.1. or 5.3.5.2. as appropriate.
2.3.7. "Test group": type of brake discs/drums having the same characteristics
pursuant to paragraph 5.3.6.
2.3.8. "Variant": individual brake disc/drum within a given test group.
2.3.9. "Material": chemical composition and mechanical properties as per
paragraph 3.4.1.2.
2.3.10. "Material group": e.g. grey cast iron, steel, aluminum, etc.
2.3.11. "Material sub-group": one of the sub-group defined in paragraph 5.3.3.2.
2.3.12. "Minimum thickness": the thickness of the brake disc is the point at which
replacement becomes necessary.
2.3.13. "Maximum inside diameter": the maximum inside diameter of the brake
drum is the point at which replacement becomes necessary.
3. Application for approval

3.1. An application for approval of a replacement part for (a) specific vehicle
type(s) shall be submitted by the manufacturer of the replacement part or his
duly accredited representative.
3.2. An application may be submitted by the holder of (a) vehicle type
approval(s) to Regulation No. 13 or 13-H or 78 in respect of replacement
part conforming to the type recorded in the vehicle type approval(s)
documentation.
3.3. In the case of an application regarding the approval of a replacement brake
lining assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement
drum brake lining:
3.3.1. An application for approval shall be accompanied, in triplicate, by a
description of the replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum
brake lining with regard to the items specified in Annex 1 to this Regulation,
and by the following particulars:
8
3.3.1.1. Diagrams showing functional dimensions of the replacement brake lining

assembly or replacement drum brake lining;
3.3.1.2. An indication of the positions of the replacement brake lining assembly or
replacement drum brake lining on the vehicles for which approval to fit is sought.
3.3.2. Brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings of the type for which approval
is sought shall be made available in sufficient quantity to perform the
approval tests.
3.3.3. The applicant shall agree with and make available to the technical service
responsible for conducting approval tests the suitable representative vehicle(s)
and/or brake(s).
3.3.4. The Competent Authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory
arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production
before type approval is granted.
3.3.4.1. The applicant shall submit values for friction behaviour in accordance with
Annex 9, Part A, paragraph 2.4.1. or 3.4.1. respectively of this Regulation.
3.4. In the case of an application regarding the approval of a replacement brake
drum or a replacement brake disc.
3.4.1. An application for approval shall be accompanied, in triplicate, by a description
of replacement brake drum or a replacement brake disc with regard to the items
specified in Annex 1B to this Regulation, and by the following particulars:
3.4.1.1. Disc or drum drawing(s) including the dimensions of the features mentioned in
paragraph 5.3.7.1., together with tolerances, and any accompanying accessories:
(a) Location and nature of the marking pursuant to paragraph 6.2.2. −
dimensions in mm;
(b) Weight in grams;
(c) Material.
3.4.1.2. Component description
The manufacturer shall provide a component description containing at least
the following information:
(a) The manufacturer of the unmachined part;
(b) A description of the process of manufacture of the unmachined part;
(c) Proof of the reliability of the process (e.g. freedom from cracks and
cavities, dimensions);
(d) Material composition, specifically:
(i) Chemical composition;
(ii) Microstructure;
(iii) Mechanical properties:
a. Brinell hardness pursuant to ISO 6506-1:2005;
b. Tensile strength in accordance with ISO 6892:1998.
(e) Corrosion or surface protection;
9
(f) Description of the balancing measures, maximum permissible

balance error;
(g) Amount of wear allowed (minimum thickness in the case of brake
discs or the maximum internal diameter in the case of brake drums).
The applicant shall submit the information and specifications outlined in
Annex 9, Part B, paragraph 2.5. of this Regulation.
3.4.2. Conformity of production
The competent authority shall verify the existence of satisfactory
arrangements for ensuring effective control of the conformity of production
before type approval is granted.
3.4.2.1. The applicant shall submit the documentation in accordance with Annex 9,
Part B, paragraph 2. of this Regulation.
3.4.3. Sample quantities and usage
3.4.3.1. A minimum number of disc or drum samples – of the design for which
approval is requested – shall be provided, as shown in the following table.
The table also shows the recommended use of the samples.
Item No. Check/Test Sample Number Remarks
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Geometric check x x x x x x
Paragraphs 5.3.3.1., 5.3.4.1.
2 Material check x x
Paragraphs 5.3.3.2., 5.3.4.2.
3 Balancing provisions check x x x x

Paragraph 5.3.7.2.
4 Wear condition marking x x x x

check
Paragraph 5.3.7.3.
5 Integrity test − thermal fatigue x x
Paragraphs 4.1.1., 4.2.1. of
Annex 11, 4.1.1., 4.2.1. of
Annex 12
6 Integrity test − high load test x
Paragraphs 4.1.2., 4.2.2. of
Annex 11, and paragraphs
4.1.2., 4.2.2. of Annex 12
7 Service brake vehicle Pair Either front

performance test of or rear axle
Paragraph 2.2. of Annex 11, discs
Paragraph 2.2. of Annex 12
10
Item No. Check/Test Sample Number Remarks
8 Parking brake vehicle Pair If

performance test of applicable
Paragraph 2.3. of Annex 11, discs
Paragraph 2.3. of Annex 12
9 Service brake dynamometer x Alternative
performance test to vehicle
Paragraph 3.3. of Annex 11, test
paragraph 3.3. of Annex 12
3.4.3.2. Each disc and drum, other than those using geometric and material checks,
shall be accompanied by the appropriate number of the suitable brake lining
assemblies which have an approval to Regulation No. 13, 13-H or 90.
3.4.3.3. In the case where a comparison with the original brake disc or brake drum is
required, an axle set of original brake discs or original brake drum, as
applicable, shall be provided.
3.4.3.4. Where an equivalent replacement disc/drum approval is sought, two original
brake disc/drum or original replacement brake disc/drum samples shall be
provided for dimensional and material comparisons.
3.4.3.5. Where an interchangeable replacement disc/drum approval is sought, two
original brake disc/drum or original replacement brake disc/drum samples
shall be provided for dimensional comparison.
4. Approval
4.1. If the replacement part submitted for approval pursuant to this Regulation
meet the requirements of paragraph 5. below, approval of the replacement
part shall be granted.
4.1.1. In the case of replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L
with a combined braking system in the meaning of paragraph 2.9. of
Regulation No. 78, the approval must be restricted to the brake lining
assembly combination(s) on the axles of the vehicle having been tested
according to Annex 7 of this Regulation.
4.2. To each replacement part approved there shall be assigned an approval
number comprising four groups of digits:
4.2.1. The first two digits (at present 02 for the Regulation in its 02 series of
amendments) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most
recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of
issue of the approval.
4.2.2. The following single digit shall indicate the category of the replacement part
as follows:
A Replacement brake lining assembly
B Replacement drum brake lining
C Replacement brake disc
D Replacement brake drum
11
4.2.3. The next four digits shall indicate the manufacture and the type of the brake
lining, the type of disc or the type of drum.
A suffix of four digits shall indicate:
(a) The shoe or back plate or specific dimension in the case of drum
brake linings;
(b) The variant in the case of a replacement disc or replacement drum.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ / _ _ _ _
4 digits indicate the variant/shoe

/back plate/specific dimension of
the replacement part (0001 to
9999)
4 digits indicate (manufacturer

and) the type of the replacement
part (0001 to 9999)
1 digit (A to D) indicates the

category of the replacement part
2 digits indicate series of

amendment (01 to 99)
Example:
0 2 C 0 3 5 9 / 7 2 4 8
Variant No. 7248
Type No. 0359
Brake disc
Amendment 02
4.3. The same Contracting Party may not assign the same number to another
replacement part. The same type approval number may cover the use of that
replacement part on a number of differing vehicle types.
4.4. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval or withdrawal of

approval or production definitively discontinued of a replacement part
pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the
1958 Agreement which apply this Regulation by means of a form conforming
to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.
12
4.5. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place, to

every replacement part approved under this Regulation, an international
approval mark consisting of:
4.5.1. A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of
the country which has granted approval 3;
4.5.2. The number of this Regulation, followed by the letter "R", a dash and the
approval number to the right of the circle prescribed in paragraph 4.5.1.
4.6. The approval mark referred to in paragraph 4.5. above shall be clearly legible
and be indelible.
4.7. Annex 2 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of the approval mark
and approval data referred to above and in paragraph 6.5. below.
5. Specifications and tests

5.1. General
A replacement part shall be so designed and constructed that, when substituted
for the part originally fitted to a vehicle, the braking efficiency of that vehicle
accords with that of the approved vehicle type.
Specifically:
(a) A replacement part for a vehicle type approved prior to
Regulation No. 13, 09 series of amendments, or the original version of
Regulation No. 13-H or Regulation No. 78, 01 series of amendments,
shall satisfy as a minimum the appropriate above-mentioned Regulation
level;
(b) A replacement part shall display performance characteristics similar
to that of the original part it is intended to replace;
(c) A replacement part must possess adequate mechanical characteristics;
(d) Brake linings shall not contain asbestos;
(e) A replacement brake disc/drum shall exhibit sufficient deformation
resistance under temperature;
(f) The minimum thickness of the brake disc shall not be less than the
minimum thickness of the original brake disc as specified by the vehicle
manufacturer;
(g) The maximum permissible inside diameter of the brake drum shall
not be more than the maximum permissible inside diameter of the
original brake drum specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
5.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings
conforming to the type specified in vehicle type approval documentation to
Regulation No. 13 or to Regulation No. 13-H or Regulation No. 78 are
deemed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 5. of this Regulation.
3
The distinguish numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3
to Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document
ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.2/Amend.1.
13
5.1.2. Replacement discs and replacement drums conforming to the identification

code specified in vehicle type approval documentation to Regulation No. 13
or to Regulation No. 13-H are deemed to satisfy the requirements of
paragraph 5. of this Regulation.
5.2. Requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake lining assembly
type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum brake
lining
5.2.1. Performance requirements
5.2.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2 and
N1
At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies, representing the type
of lining to be approved, shall be installed and tested in at least one vehicle
which is representative of the vehicle type for which approval is sought,
according to the prescriptions of Annex 3 and shall satisfy the requirements
stated in this annex. The representative vehicle(s) shall be selected from
among the application range using a worst case analysis 4. For speed
sensitivity and cold performance equivalence, one of the two methods
described in Annex 3 shall be used.
5.2.1.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings for
vehicles of categories M3, N2 and N3
At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum
brake linings, representing the type of lining to be approved, shall be installed
and tested in at least one vehicle or a brake which is representative of the
vehicle type for which approval is sought, according to the prescriptions of
Annex 4, using one of the two methods described in paragraph 1. (vehicle
test) or in paragraph 2. (inertia dynamometer test) and shall satisfy the
requirements stated in this annex. The representative vehicle(s) or brake(s)
shall be selected from among the application range using a worst case
analysis4.
5.2.1.3. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories O1 and O2
Replacement brake lining assemblies shall be tested according to the
prescriptions of Annex 5 and shall satisfy the requirements stated in this
annex.
vehicles of categories O3 and O4
4
Worst case analysis must include the following technical characteristics (as a minimum) of each
vehicle type in the application range:
(a) Rotor diameter;
(b) Rotor thickness;
(c) Ventilated or solid rotor;
(d) Piston diameter;
(e) Tyre dynamic radius;
(f) Vehicle mass;
(g) Axle mass and percentage of braking effort of the axle;
(h) Maximum speed of the vehicle.
The testing conditions shall be specified in the test report.
14
Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings

shall be tested according to the prescriptions of Annex 6 and shall satisfy the
requirements stated in this annex. For the tests, one of the three methods
described in paragraph 3. of Appendix 2 to Annex 11 of Regulation No. 13
shall be used.
5.2.1.5. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of category L
At least one set of replacement brake lining assemblies, representing the type
of lining to be approved, shall be installed and tested in at least one vehicle
which is representative of the vehicle type for which approval is sought,
according to the prescriptions of Annex 7 and shall satisfy the requirements
stated in this annex. The representative vehicle(s) shall be selected from
among the application range using a worst case analysis4.
5.2.2. Mechanical characteristics
5.2.2.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1,
O1, O2, and L
5.2.2.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is
requested shall be tested for shear strength according to Standard either
ISO 6312:1981 or ISO 6312:2001.
The minimum acceptable shear strength is 250 N/cm2 for pad assemblies and
100 N/cm2 for shoe assemblies.
5.2.2.1.2. Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is
requested shall be tested for compressibility according to standard either
ISO 6310:1981, ISO 6310:2001 or ISO 6310:2009.
The compressibility values shall not exceed 2 per cent at ambient temperature
and 5 per cent at 400 °C for pad assemblies and 2 per cent at ambient
temperature and 4 per cent at 200 °C for shoe assemblies. This requirement
does not apply to parking brake lining assemblies.
vehicles of categories M3, N2, N3, O3, and O4
5.2.2.2.1. Shear strength
This test applies only to disc brake pad assemblies.
Replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is
requested shall be tested for shear strength according to Standard
ISO 6312:1981 or ISO 6312:2001. Brake lining assemblies may by divided
into two or three parts to match the test machine's capability.
The minimum acceptable shear strength is 250 N/cm2.
5.2.2.2.2. Compressibility
Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings of
the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for compressibility
according to standard either ISO 6310:1981, ISO 6310:2001 or
ISO 6310:2009. Flat specimens according to sample type I may be used.
The compressibility values shall not exceed 2 per cent at ambient temperature
and 5 per cent at 400 °C for pad assemblies and 2 per cent at ambient
temperature and 4 per cent at 200 °C for shoe assemblies and drum brake
linings.
15
5.2.2.2.3. Material hardness 5

This requirement applies to drum brake lining assemblies and drum brake
linings.
Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings of
the type for which approval is requested shall be tested for hardness
according to Standard ISO 2039-2:1987.
The hardness figure for the friction material at the rubbing surface shall be
the mean value out of five sample linings from different production batches
(if available) by taking five measurements at different places of each brake
lining.
5.3. Technical requirements regarding the approval of a replacement brake drum
or a replacement brake disc
All replacement parts have to be separated in 4 groups:
(a) Original replacement brake disc/drum;
(b) Identical brake disc/drum;
(c) Equivalent disc/drum;
(d) Interchangeable disc/drum.
Depending on its group, the replacement brake disc or drum has to pass the
following tests:
Performance tests according to Comparison test with dynamic

Regulations Nos. 13/13-H (Type frictional properties of the Integrity tests (high load and
0, I, II, etc.) original part thermal fatigue)
Original replacement parts No No No
Identical parts No No No
Equivalent parts No No Dynamometer test
Interchangeable parts Vehicle test or alternative Vehicle test or alternative Dynamometer test
dynamometer test dynamometer test
The test requirements for brake discs and drums for vehicles of categories M
and N are detailed in Annex 11.
The test requirements for brake discs and drums for vehicles of category O
are detailed in Annex 12.
5.3.1. Original replacement brake discs/drums
5.3.1.1. Original replacement brake discs/drums are excluded from the scope of this
Regulation provided they carry an identification code as defined in
paragraph 2.3.2. affixed in such a way as to be indelible and clearly legible.
5
This test is included for conformity of production purposes. Minimum values and the tolerances to be
agreed with the Technical Service.
16
5.3.2. Identical brake discs/drums

5.3.2.1. The applicant for approval shall demonstrate to the approval authority that he
supplies the brake discs or drums to the vehicle manufacturer as original
equipment of the vehicles/axles/brakes mentioned under Annex 1B point 4.
In particular, the brake discs or drums shall be produced under the same
production and quality assurance systems and conditions as for the original
parts pursuant to paragraph 2.3.1.
5.3.2.2. Since the identical brake discs/drums fulfils all requirement as the Original
part no testing requirements are prescribed.
5.3.3. Equivalent replacement discs or drums
5.3.3.1. Geometric requirements
The brake discs or drums shall be identical to the original brake disc or drum
in respect to all dimensions, geometric features and basic design.
5.3.3.1.1. For discs the following maximum values shall be met:
M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4
Thickness variation 0.015 mm 0.030 mm
Cheek thickness variation (for

ventilated disc only) 1.5 mm 2.0 mm
Lateral run-out friction surface 0.050 mm* 0.15 mm*
Location bore variation H9 H9
"Top hat" parallelism 0.100 mm 0.100 mm
Location face flatness 0.050 mm 0.050 mm
Friction surface roughness** 3.2 µm 3.2 µm

*
n/a in the case of a floating disc.
**
Ra-value according to ISO 1302:2002.
5.3.3.1.2. For drums the following maximum values shall be met:
M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4
Radial run-out friction surface 0.050 mm 0.100 mm
Location bore variation H9 H9
Ovality 0.040 mm 0.150 mm
Location face flatness 0.050 mm 0.050 mm
Friction surface roughness* 3.5 µm 3.5 µm

*
Ra-value according to ISO 1302:2002.
5.3.3.2. Material and metallurgical requirements

In order to be considered "Equivalent" the replacement brake disc or drum
shall be from the same material sub-group as the original brake disc or
drum. Four original part material sub-groups are defined.
17
Sub-group 1 Sub-group 2
Base cast iron Base high Sub-group 3 Sub-group 4
DIN EN 1561 carbon Alloyed high Unalloyed high
Test standard EN-GJL-200 EN-GJL-150 carbon carbon
Carbon Content
(per cent) 3.20-3.60 3.60-3.90 3.55-3.90 3.60-3.90
Silicon Content
(per cent) 1.70-2.30 1.60-2.20 1.60-2.20 1.60-2.20
Manganese Content
(per cent) Min 0.40 Min 0.40 Min 0.40 Min 0.40
Chromium Content
(per cent) Max 0.35 Max 0.35 0.30-0.60 Max 0.25
Copper Content
(per cent) – 0.30-0.70 0.30-0.70 Max 0.40
Hardness HBW ISO 6506-1:2005 190-248 160-210 180-230 160-200
Tensile strength
(N/mm2) ISO 6892:1998 Min 220 Min 160 Min 170 Min 150
5.3.3.3. Performance requirements

The part has to pass the integrity tests for high load and thermal fatigue
according to Annexes 11 and 12.
5.3.4. Interchangeable replacement discs or drums
5.3.4.1. Geometric requirements
As paragraphs 5.3.3.1.1. and 5.3.3.1.2. plus the same interface dimensions.
An interchangeable replacement disc or drum may differ from the original
part disc in design features such as:
(a) Type and geometry of ventilation (for vented discs);
(b) Integral or composite disc or drum;
(c) Surface finish (e.g. holes, slots etc.).
5.3.4.2. Performance requirements
The part has to pass the following performance tests according to Annexes 11
and 12:
(a) The performance test according to Regulation No. 13 or 13-H;
(b) The Comparison test with dynamic frictional properties of the original
part;
(c) The integrity tests for high load and thermal fatigue.
5.3.5. Type
Brake discs/drums that do not differ in terms of their main characteristics as
detailed below shall be regarded as one type within one report or approval:
5.3.5.1. Type criteria for brake discs
5.3.5.1.1. Basic design
(a) With or without ventilation (e.g. solid, ventilated);
(b) Design of ventilation;
18
(c) Surface (e.g. with or without grooves or holes);

(d) Hub (with or without integrated parking brake drum);
(e) Mounting (rigid, semi-floating, floating, etc.);
(f) Hat (with or without integrated parking brake drum).
5.3.5.1.2. Material group
All material groups (including their respective sub-groups) are considered to
be a separate type.
5.3.5.1.2.1. Cast iron
5.3.5.1.2.2. Steel
5.3.5.1.2.3. Composite materials
5.3.5.1.2.4. Multi-material construction
5.3.5.2. Type criteria for brake drums
(a) Material group (e.g. steel, cast iron, composite);
(b) Hub (with/without);
(c) Composite design.
5.3.6. Test group criteria (within the same type)
The testing in test groups is possible for interchangeable parts only if the
connection between the mounting area and the disc friction faces are of the same
general form.
From each of the test groups mentioned below, at least one variant is subject to
the corresponding tests laid down in Annexes 10, 11 or 12. The variant chosen
from within a test group to test the replacement part is that which has the highest
ratio of kinetic energy to its directly corresponding replacement part mass:
 Ei   0.5 ⋅ m ⋅ v 2max, i 
Max   = Max  
m  m 
 replacement part , i   replacement part , i 
With:
vmax, i maximum design speed of the vehicle to which the
replacement part is fitted (in the case of trailers vmax, i is
assumed at least at 80 km/h)
m test mass as defined in Annex 11, paragraph 3.2.1.2. and
Annex 12, paragraph 3.2.1.2.
mreplacement part, i mass of the replacement part" of the corresponding vehicle
5.3.6.1. Replacement brake discs
5.3.6.1.1. Criteria concerning the formation of test groups with regard to replacement
brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M1, M2, N1, N2, O1 and O2
5.3.6.1.1.1. Test group relating to the tests stipulated in paragraphs 1. to 4. of Annex 11
or Annex 12
This test group includes all brake discs where the outside diameter of the disc
do not vary by more than 6 mm and the disc thickness by not more
than 4 mm.
19
5.3.6.1.1.2. In the case of different materials within a group of materials, proof shall be
furnished for each separate material that the requirements stipulated in
Annex 11 or Annex 12 are met.
brake discs in vehicles belonging to categories M3, N3, O3 and O4
or Annex 12
This test group includes all brake discs where the outside diameter of the disc
does not vary by more than 10 mm and the disc thickness by not more
than 4 mm.
5.3.6.2. Replacement brake drums
brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M1, M2, N1, N2, O1 and O2
or Annex 12
This test group includes all brake drums that do not vary by more
than 30 mm in terms of the inside diameter of the drum and by more
than 10 mm as regards the shoe width of the drum brake.
brake drums in vehicles belonging to categories M3, N3, O3 and O4
or Annex 12
This test group includes all brake drums that do not vary by more than
10 per cent (referring to the smallest value) in terms of the inside diameter of
the drum and by more than 40 mm as regards the shoe width of the drum
brake.
5.3.7. Scope of assessment with regard to replacement brake discs/drums
5.3.7.1. Geometric checks
Compared with original parts, replacement brake discs/drums shall be
checked in terms of the following applicable characteristics (see also
Annex 10):
(a) Disc/drum diameter, including friction surface diameters (in the case
of a disc brake with an integrated parking brake drum, both diameters
have to be checked);
20
(b) Disc thickness (original dimensions and the minimum permissible

wear indication) – mounting face to external friction surface;
(c) Mounting flange thickness;
(d) Pitch circle diameter of fixing holes/studs;
(e) Number of fixing holes/studs;
(f) Mounting flange diameter;
(g) Type of centring (e.g. central spigot or mounting bolts/studs);
(h) In the case of brake discs with integrated parking brake drums the
width of the friction surface area and any heat compensation
groove(s);
(i) Additionally, in the case of ventilated brake discs:
(i) The type of ventilation (internal/external);
(ii) The number of ribs and pillars;
(iii) The dimensions of the ventilation duct.
5.3.7.2. Balancing provision
The balancing provision with regard to the replacement brake discs/drums
shall correspond to that of the original part being replaced.
5.3.7.3. Assessment of the wear condition of the friction surfaces
This shall conform to the vehicle manufacturer criteria.
5.3.7.4. Tests
Each test group (see 5.3.6.) within a particular type of replacement brake
disc/drum (see 3.3.2.) shall be tested by the Technical Service.
5.3.8. Test report
A test report shall be produced, the content of which shall be at least that
defined in Annex 13 to this Regulation.
6. Packaging and marking

6.1. Packaging and marking requirements regarding a replacement brake lining
assembly type, a replacement drum brake lining type or a replacement drum
brake lining:
6.1.1. Replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake linings
conforming to a type approved in accordance with this Regulation shall be
marketed in axle sets.
6.1.2. Each axle set shall be contained in a sealed package constructed to show
previous opening.
6.1.3. Each package shall display the following information:
6.1.3.1. The quantity of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum
brake linings in the package;
6.1.3.2. Manufacturer's name or trade mark;
21
6.1.3.3. Make and type of replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum
brake linings;
6.1.3.4. The vehicles/axles/brakes for which the contents are approved;
6.1.3.5. The approval mark.
6.1.4. Each package shall contain fitting instructions in an official ECE language,
supplemented by the corresponding text in the language of the country where
it is sold:
6.1.4.1. With particular reference to auxiliary parts;
6.1.4.2. Stating that replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum brake
linings should be replaced in axle sets;
6.1.4.3. With, in the case of replacement drum brake linings, a general statement
calling attention to the following points:
The integrity of the shoe platform, abutment and pivot;
Freedom of the shoe from distortion, deformation and corrosion;
The type and size of rivet to be used;
The required riveting tools and forces.
6.1.4.4. With, additionally, in the case of combined braking systems in the meaning
of paragraph 2.9. of Regulation No. 78 giving the approved brake lining
assembly combination(s).
6.1.5. Each replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining
shall display permanently one set of approval data:
6.1.5.1. The approval mark;
6.1.5.2. The date of manufacture, at least month and year, or batch number;
6.1.5.3. Make and type of brake lining.
6.2. Packaging and marking requirements regarding replacement brake discs or
replacement brake drums
6.2.1. Every unit sold shall at least exhibit the following information:
6.2.1.1. Part number;
6.2.1.2. In the case of motor vehicles:
Make, type and trade name of the vehicle, the axle intended to be fitted and
period of manufacturing of the vehicle; should the period of manufacture not
be readily available a reference to the original part number/identification
code may be used;
6.2.1.3. In the case of trailers a reference to the original part number/identification
code shall be used;
6.2.1.4. Each package shall contain fitting instructions in the language of the country
where it is sold:
6.2.1.4.1. With particular reference to ancillary parts;
6.2.1.4.2. Stating that replacement brake discs and drums should be replaced in axle
sets.
22
6.2.2. Marking
Every brake disc/drum approved in accordance with this Regulation shall be
durably marked with at least the following information:
6.2.2.1. Manufacturer's name or trade mark;
6.2.2.2. The approval number;
6.2.2.3. An indication which provides traceability of the production process
(e.g. date, batch number, source code);
6.2.2.4. The minimum thickness of the brake disc or the maximum permissible inside
diameter of the brake drum.
7. Modifications and extension of approval of

replacement parts
7.1. Every modification of the replacement part shall be notified to the Type
Approval Authority which granted the type approval. The department may
then either:
7.1.1. Consider that the modifications made are unlikely to have appreciable
adverse effects and that in any event the replacement part still complies with
the requirements; or
7.1.2. Require a further test report from the technical service responsible for
conducting the tests.
7.2. Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be
notified by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.4. above to the Parties to
the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation.
7.3. The Competent Authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a
series number for such an extension and inform thereof the other Parties to
the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication
form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.
8. Conformity of production
8.1. Replacement parts approved to this Regulation shall be so manufactured as to
conform to the type approved.
8.2. Original parts being the subject of an application under paragraph 3.2. are
deemed to satisfy the requirements of paragraph 8.
8.3. To verify that the requirements of paragraph 8.1. are met, suitable controls of
the production shall be applied. These shall encompass the control of raw
materials and components used.
8.4. The holder of an approval shall in particular:
8.4.1. Ensure that for each replacement brake lining assembly type or replacement
drum brake lining type at least the relevant tests prescribed in paragraph 5.2.2.
and the relevant tests as prescribed in Annex 9 to this Regulation are carried out
on a statistically controlled and random basis in accordance with a regular
quality assurance procedure. For parking brake lining assemblies only the shear
strength described in paragraph 5.2.2. is applicable.
23
8.4.2. Ensure that for each replacement disc and drum at least the tests prescribed in
Annex 9 to this Regulation are carried out on a statistically controlled and
random basis in accordance with a regular quality assurance procedure.
8.4.3. Ensure existence of procedures for the effective control of the quality of
products;
8.4.4. Have access to the control equipment necessary for checking the conformity
of each approved type;
8.4.5. Analyse the results of each type of test in order to verify and ensure the
consistency of the product characteristics, making allowance for variation of
an industrial production;
8.4.6 Ensure that data of test results are recorded and that annexed documents
remain available for a period to be determined in agreement with the
administrative service;
8.4.7. Ensure that any samples or test pieces giving evidence of non-conformity
with the type of test considered shall give rise to another sampling and
another test. All the necessary steps shall be taken to re-establish the
conformity of the corresponding production.
8.5. The Competent Authority which has granted type-approval may at any time
verify the conformity control methods applicable to each production unit.
8.5.1. In every inspection, the test books and production survey records shall be
presented to the visiting inspector.
8.5.2. The inspector may take samples at random to be tested in the manufacturer's
laboratory. The minimum number of samples may be determined according
to the results of the manufacturer's own verification.
8.5.3. When the quality level appears unsatisfactory or when it seems necessary to
verify the validity of the tests carried out in application of paragraph 8.5.2.
the inspector shall select samples to be sent to the technical service which has
conducted the type approval tests.
8.5.4. The competent authority may carry out any tests prescribed in this
Regulation.
8.5.5. The normal frequency of inspections authorized by the Competent Authority
shall be one per year. In the case where negative results are recorded during
one of these visits, the competent authority shall ensure that all necessary
steps are taken to re-establish the conformity of production as rapidly as
possible.
9. Penalties for non-conformity of production

9.1. The approval granted in respect of a replacement brake lining assembly type
or drum brake lining type pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if
the requirements laid down in paragraph 8.1. above are not complied with.
The approval granted in respect of the type of a replacement brake drum or a
replacement brake disc pursuant to this Regulation may be withdrawn if the
requirements laid down in paragraph 8.1. above are not complied with.
24
9.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws

an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other
Contracting Parties applying this Regulation, by means of a communication
form conforming to the model in Annex 1A or Annex 1B to this Regulation.
10. Production definitively discontinued

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a replacement
part approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the
authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant
communication that authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the
1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication
form conforming to the model in Annex 1A or 1B to this Regulation.
11. Names and addresses of Technical Services

responsible for conducting approval tests, and of
Type Approval Authorities
The Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement which apply this Regulation
shall communicate to the United Nations secretariat the names and addresses
of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the
Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms
certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, or
production definitively discontinued, issued in other countries, are to be sent.
12. Transitional provisions

12.1. As from the official date of entry into force of the 02 series of amendments,
no Contracting Party applying this Regulation shall refuse to grant approval
under this Regulation as amended by the 02 series of amendments.
12.2. Even after the date of entry into force of the 02 series of amendments, brake
lining assembly and drum brake lining approvals to the 01 series of
amendments to the Regulation shall remain valid and Contracting Parties
applying the Regulation shall continue to accept them and shall not refuse to
grant extensions of approval to the 01 series of amendments to this
Regulation.
12.3. Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to allow fitting or
use on a vehicle in use of a replacement brake lining assembly approved to
this Regulation in its original, unamended form.
25
Annex 1A
Annex 1A
Communication
(Maximum format: A4 (210 x 297 mm))
issued by: Name of administration:
......................................
......................................
......................................
1
concerning 2: Approval granted

Approval extended
Approval refused
Approval withdrawn
Production definitively discontinued
of a replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining pursuant to

Regulation No. 90
Approval No........................ Extension No.......................
1. Applicant’s name and address .................................................................................
2. Manufacturer’s name and address ...........................................................................
3. Make and type of brake lining assembly/drum brake lining2 ..................................
4. Make and type of brake lining .................................................................................
5. Vehicles/axles/brakes for which the brake lining assembly type/drum brake
lining type qualifies as original brake lining assembly/original
drum brake lining: ...................................................................................................
6. Vehicles/axles/brakes for which the brake lining assembly type/drum brake
lining type qualifies as replacement brake lining assembly/replacement drum
brake lining: ............................................................................................................
6.1. Additionally in the case of combined braking systems in the meaning of
paragraph 2.9. of Regulation No. 78, approved brake lining assembly
combination(s):........................................................................................................
7. Submitted for approval on .......................................................................................
8. Technical service responsible for approval tests .....................................................
8.1. Date of test report ....................................................................................................
8.2. Number of test report ..............................................................................................
1
Distinguishing number of the country which has granted/extended/refused/withdrawn approval (see
approval provisions in the Regulation).
2
Strike out what does not apply.
26
E/ECE/324/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.3
Annex 1A
9. Approval granted/extended/refused/withdrawn2
10. Place ........................................................................................................................
11. Date .........................................................................................................................
12. Signature .................................................................................................................
13. Annexed to this communication is a list of documents in the approval file
deposited at the Type Approval Authorities having delivered the approval and
which can be obtained upon request.
27
Annex 1B
Annex 1B
Communication
(maximum format: A4 (210 x 297 mm))
issued by: Name of administration:
......................................
......................................
......................................
1
concerning 2: Approval granted

Approval extended
Approval refused
Approval withdrawn
Production definitively discontinued
of a replacement brake disc or a replacement brake drum pursuant to Regulation No. 90

Approval No.................... Extension No......................
1. Applicant name and address ....................................................................................
2. Manufacturer name and address .............................................................................
3. Make and type of brake disc/drum................................... .......................................
4. Vehicles/axles/brakes for which the replacement brake disc
or a replacement brake drum is approved:...............................................................
5. Submitted for approval on .......................................................................................
6. Technical service responsible for approval tests .....................................................
6.1. Date of test report ....................................................................................................
6.2. Number of test report ..............................................................................................
7. Approval granted/extended/refused/withdrawn2
8. Place ........................................................................................................................
9. Date .........................................................................................................................
10. Signature .................................................................................................................
11. Annexed to this communication is a list of documents in the approval file
deposited at the Type Approval Authorities having delivered the approval and
which can be obtained upon request.
1
Distinguishing number of the country which has granted/extended/refused/withdrawn approval (see
approval provisions in the Regulation).
2
28
Annex 2
Annex 2
Arrangements of the approval mark and approval data

(See paragraph 4.2. of this Regulation)
E2
a a a
a
2 3 90 R – 02 C0359/7248 3
a = 8 mm min.
The above approval mark shows that the item concerned has been approved in
France (E2) pursuant to Regulation No. 90 under approval number C0359/7248. The first
two digits of the approval number indicate that the approval was granted in accordance with
the requirements of Regulation No. 90 as amended by the 02 series of amendments.
29
Annex 2
Example of pad assembly marking
Make and type of brake lining
Date of assembly manufacture and

manufacturer’s name or trade mark
Approval mark
Example of shoe assembly marking

Date of assembly manufacture and
manufacturer’s name or trade mark
Approval mark
Example of drum brake lining marking
Date of manufacture
Approval mark
Note: Positions of markings and mutual positions of markings shown in the examples are not mandatory.
30
Annex 3
Annex 3
Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies for

vehicles of categories M1, M2 and N1
1. Conformance with Regulation No. 13 or 13-H
Compliance with the requirements of Regulation No. 13 or 13-H shall be
demonstrated in a vehicle test.
1.1. Vehicle preparation
1.1.1. Test Vehicle
A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement
brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the
replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is
requested and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulations Nos.
13 and 13-H.
Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and, until
a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the
manufacturer's instructions in agreement with the technical service.
1.1.2. Bedding (burnishing) procedure
1.1.2.1. General conditions
Brake lining assemblies submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant
brakes. In the case of replacement brake lining assemblies, new brake linings
must be used. Drum brake linings may be machined to achieve the best
possible initial contact between the linings and drum(s). The test vehicle shall
be fully laden.
Original brake lining assemblies used for comparison test and already fitted
to the test vehicle may be used provided they are in a good condition and
have not been worn out by more than 20 per cent of the initial thickness.
They must not show damages, cracks, excessive corrosion or signs of
overheating. They shall be bedded to the procedure described below.
1.1.2.2. Procedure
Perform a minimum 50 km driving distance and at least 100 brake
applications at varying decelerations (at least between 1 m/s² and 5 m/s²) with
initial speeds between 50 km/h and 120 km/h. A temperature range between
250 °C and 500 °C for pad assemblies or between 150 °C and 250 °C for
drum brake lining assemblies (measured at the rubbing surface of the disc or
drum) must be achieved at least 3 times during the bedding procedure.
Temperatures must not exceed 500 °C for pad assemblies and 250 °C for
drum brake lining assemblies.
1.1.2.3. Performance check
By braking only one axle at a time perform 5 brake applications
from 70 km/h to 0 km/h (front axle) and 45 km/h to 0 km/h (rear axle) at a
31
Annex 3
line pressure of 4 Mpa 1 and with an initial temperature of 100 °C for each
stop. The 5 consecutive non-monotonic results must remain within the
tolerance of 0.6 m/s² (front axle) or 0.4 m/s² (rear axle) of their mean fully
developed deceleration.
If this requirement is not fulfilled the bedding procedure according to
paragraph 1.1.2.2. must be extended and the performance check according to
paragraph 1.1.2.3. must be repeated.
1.2. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the
requirements for the vehicle category in question (M1, M2 or N1) in
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1. and 2. or Regulation No. 13-H,
Annex 3, paragraphs 1. and 2. which ever is appropriate taking into
consideration the original approval of the system. The applicable
requirements or tests are:
1.2.1. Service braking system
1.2.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden, according to
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.4.2. or Regulation No. 13-H,
Annex 3, paragraph 1.4.2.
1.2.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden, according to
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.4.3.1. (stability test) and 1.4.3.2.
(only the test with initial speed v = 0.8 vmax) or Regulation No. 13-H,
Annex 3, paragraphs 1.4.3.1. and 1.4.3.2.
1.2.1.3. Type-I test, according to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5. or
Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.5.
1.2.2. Secondary braking system
1.2.2.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden, according to
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.2. or Regulation No. 13-H,
Annex 3, paragraph 2.2. (this test may be omitted in cases where it is obvious
that the requirements are met, e.g. diagonal split braking system).
1.2.3. Parking braking system
(Only applicable if the brakes for which lining approval is sought are used for
parking).
1.2.3.1. Parking brake test at 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden, according to
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.3.1. or parking brake test at 20 per
cent gradient, vehicle laden, Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.3.1.
1.3. The vehicle must satisfy all the relevant requirements stated in Regulation
No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2. or Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3,
paragraph 2. for that category of vehicle.
2. Additional requirements
Compliance with the additional requirements shall be demonstrated by using
one of the two following methods:
1
For other than hydraulic braking systems an equivalent input value should be used.
32
Annex 3
2.1. Vehicle test (split axle test)

For this test the vehicle shall be fully laden and all brake applications made
with engine disconnected, on a level road.
The vehicle service brake control system shall be equipped with a means of
isolating front and rear axle brakes so that either may be used independently
of the other.
Where brake lining assembly approval is required for front axle brakes the
rear axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test.
Where brake lining assembly approval is required for rear axle brakes the
front axle brakes shall remain inoperative throughout the test.
2.1.1. Cold performance equivalence test
A comparison of the cold performance of the replacement brake lining
assembly and the original brake lining assembly shall be made by comparing
the results of testing to the following method:
2.1.1.1. Make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced increments of pedal effort
or line pressure up to wheel lock or, alternatively, up to a mean fully developed
deceleration of 6 m/s2 or up to the allowed maximum pedal force for the category
of vehicle in question from an initial speed as given in the table below:
Test speed in km/h
Vehicle category Front axle Rear axle
M1 70 45
M2 50 40
N1 65 50
The initial brake temperature at the start of each application shall be ≤ 100 °C.
2.1.1.2. Note and plot pedal force or line pressure and mean fully developed
deceleration for each application, and determine the pedal force or line pressure
required to achieve (if possible) a mean fully developed deceleration of 5 m/s2
for front axle brakes and 3 m/s2 for rear axle brakes. If these values cannot be
achieved with the maximum allowed pedal force determine alternatively the
pedal force or line pressure required to achieve maximum deceleration.
2.1.1.3. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar
performance characteristics to the original brake lining assembly if the
achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same control force or line
pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent
of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly.
2.1.2. Speed sensitivity test
2.1.2.1. Using the pedal force derived from paragraph 2.1.1.2. of this annex and with
initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each
of the following speeds:
(a) Front axle 65, 100 km/h and additionally 135 km/h where vmax exceeds
150 km/h.
(b) Rear axle 45, 65 km/h and additionally 90 km/h where vmax exceeds
150 km/h.
33
Annex 3
2.1.2.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed
against corresponding mean fully developed deceleration.
2.1.2.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie
within 15 per cent of that recorded for the lowest speed.
2.2. Inertia dynamometer test
2.2.1. Test equipment
For the tests an inertia dynamometer shall be equipped with the vehicle brake
in question. The dynamometer shall be instrumented for continuous recording
of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line, number of
rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor temperature.
2.2.2. Test conditions
2.2.2.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the axle
portion of the maximum vehicle mass as listed in the table below and to the
rolling radius of the largest tyre that is authorized for that vehicle type(s).
Axle portion of maximum vehicle mass
Vehicle category Front Rear
M1 0.77 0.32
M2 0.69 0.44
N1 0.66 0.39
2.2.2.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear
vehicle speed as stated in paragraphs 2.2.3. and 2.2.4. of this annex and shall
be based on the dynamic rolling radius of the tyre.
2.2.2.3. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and
bedded (burnished) according to the following procedure:
Burnishing phase 1, 64 snubs from 80 km/h to 30 km/h at varying line pressures:
Rear axle Rear axle
Parameter Front axle Disc brake Drum brake
Number of snubs per cycle 32 32 32
Brake speed (km/h) 80 80 80
Release speed (km/h) 30 30 30
Initial brake temperature (°C) < 100 < 100 < 80
Final brake temperature (°C) Open Open Open
Pressure snub 1 (kPa) 1 500 1 500 1 500
34
Annex 3
Rear axle Rear axle

Number of cycles 2 2 2
Burnishing phase 2, 10 stops from 100 km/h to 5 km/h at 0.4 g deceleration and increasing
initial temperatures:
Rear axle Rear axle
Number of stops per cycle 10 10 10

Release speed (km/h) <5 <5 <5
Deceleration level (g) 0.4 0.4 0.4
Maximum pressure (kPa) 16 000 16 000 10 000
Initial temperature 1 (°C) < 100 < 100 < 100
35
Annex 3
Rear axle Rear axle

Recovery, 18 snubs from 80 km/h to 30 km/h at line pressure of 3 000 kPa:
Rear axle Rear axle
Number of stops per cycle 18 18 18

Release speed (km/h) 30 30 30
Pressure (kPa) 3 000 3 000 3 000
Initial brake temperature (°C) < 100 < 100 < 80
Final brake temperature (°C) Open Open Open
2.2.2.4. Perform 5 brake applications from 80 km/h to 0 km/hat a line pressure

of 4 MPa and with an initial temperature of 100 °C for each stop. The
5 consecutive non-monotonic results must remain within the tolerance
of 0.6 m/s² of their mean fully developed deceleration.
If this requirement is not fulfilled the first part of the bedding procedure
"Burnishing Phase 1" must be repeated until the required performance
stability is achieved.
2.2.2.5. The use of cooling air is permitted. The speed of the airflow during the brake
application at the brake shall be:
vair = 0.33 v
Where:
v = vehicle test speed at initiation of braking.
the results of testing to the following method.
2.2.3.1. From the initial speed of 80 km/h for M1 and N1 and 60 km/h for M2 and with
brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application make a minimum
of six brake applications at spaced intervals of line pressure up to a mean
fully developed deceleration of 6 m/s2.
2.2.3.2. Note and plot line pressure and mean fully developed deceleration for each
application, and determine line pressure required to achieve 5 m/s2.
36
Annex 3
of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly.
2.2.4.1. Using the line pressure derived from paragraph 2.2.3.2. and with initial brake
temperature ≤ 100 °C make three brake applications from rotational speeds
corresponding to vehicle linear speeds of:
75, 120 km/h and additionally 160 km/h where vmax exceeds 150 km/h.
37
Annex 4
Annex 4
Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies

and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3, N2
and N3
1. Vehicle test
1.1. Test vehicle
brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is required
shall be equipped with brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings of the
type for which approval is sought and instrumented for brake testing as
required by Regulation No. 13.
manufacturer's instructions in agreement with the technical service.
1.2. Tests and requirements
1.2.1. Conformance with Regulation No. 13
1.2.1.1. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the
requirements for the vehicle category in question (M3, N2 or N3) in
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1. and 2. The applicable
requirements or tests are:
1.2.1.1.1. Service braking system
1.2.1.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden
1.2.1.1.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden, according to
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.4.3.1. (stability test) and 1.4.3.2.
(only the test with initial speed v = 0.8 vmax).
1.2.1.1.1.3. Type-I test according to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 1.5.1. and
1.5.3.
1.2.1.1.1.4. Type-II test
The laden vehicle must be tested in such a manner that the energy input is
equivalent to that recorded in the same period of time with the laden vehicle
driven at an average speed of 30 km/h on a 2.5 per cent down-gradient for a
distance of 6 km with the gear disengaged, the braking energy being taken by
the service brakes alone.
1.2.1.1.2. Secondary braking system
1.2.1.1.2.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected, vehicle laden (this test may be omitted
if covered by tests according to paragraph 1.2.2. of this annex).
1.2.1.1.3. Parking braking system
(Only applicable if the brakes for which lining approval is sought are used for
parking.)
1.2.1.1.3.1. Downhill test at 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
38
Annex 4
1.2.1.2. The vehicle must satisfy all relevant requirements stated in

Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2. for that category of vehicle.
1.2.2. Additional requirements (split axle test)
For the tests mentioned below the vehicle shall be fully laden and all brake
applications made with engine disconnected, on a level road.
The vehicle service brake control system shall be equipped with a means of
isolating front and rear axle brakes so that either may be used independently
of the other.
Where brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is
required for front axle brakes the rear axle brakes shall remain inoperative
throughout the test.
Where brake lining assembly approval or drum brake lining approval is
required for rear axle brakes the front axle brakes shall remain inoperative
throughout the test.
1.2.2.1. Cold performance equivalence test
assembly or the replacement drum brake lining and the original brake lining
assembly or the original drum brake lining shall be made by comparing the
results of testing to the following method.
1.2.2.1.1. Make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced increments of pedal
force or line pressure up to wheel lock or, alternatively, up to a mean fully
developed deceleration of 3.5 m/s2 or up to the maximum allowed pedal force
or up to the maximum line pressure from an initial speed of 45 km/h and with
a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the start of each application.
1.2.2.1.2. Note and plot pedal force or line pressure and mean fully developed
deceleration for each application, and determine the pedal force or line
pressure required to achieve (if possible) a mean fully developed deceleration
of 3 m/s2. If this value cannot be achieved determine alternatively the pedal
force or line pressure required to achieve maximum deceleration.
1.2.2.1.3. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining
shall be considered to show similar performance characteristics to the
original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake lining if the
of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum
brake lining.
1.2.2.2. Speed sensitivity test
1.2.2.2.1. Using the pedal force derived from paragraph 1.2.2.1.2. of this annex and
with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from
each of the following speeds:
40 km/h down to 20 km/h,
60 km/h down to 40 km/h and
80 km/h down to 60 km/h (if vmax ≥ 90 km/h).
1.2.2.2.2. Average the results for each group of three applications and plot speed
39
Annex 4
1.2.2.2.3. Mean fully developed decelerations recorded for the higher speeds shall lie
2. Inertia dynamometer test
2.1. Test equipment
of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line, number of
rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor temperature.
2.1.1. Test conditions
2.1.1.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the axle
portion of 0.55 of the maximum vehicle mass and the rolling radius of the
largest tyre that is authorised for that vehicle type(s).
2.1.1.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear
vehicle speed as stated in the paragraphs below and shall be based on the
mean of the dynamic rolling radii of the largest and smallest tyres authorized
for that vehicle type(s).
2.1.1.3. Brake lining assemblies or drum brake linings submitted for the test shall be
fitted to the brake and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall
be burnished to the manufacturer's instructions in agreement with the
technical service.
2.1.1.4. If cooling air is used, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be:
vair = 0.33v
Where:
2.1.1.5. The actuation cylinder fitted to the brake must be of the smallest size that is
authorized for that vehicle type(s).
2.2. Tests and requirements
2.2.1. Tests derived from Regulation No. 13
2.2.1.1. Type-0 test
From the initial speed of 60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the
start of each application make a minimum of six brake applications at spaced
intervals of line pressure up to the line pressure that is permanently
guaranteed by the braking system of the vehicle type(s) (e.g. cut in pressure
of the compressor). A mean fully developed deceleration of at least 5 m/s2
must be achieved.
2.2.1.2. Type-0 test, high speed performance
Make three brake applications with a brake temperature of ≤ 100 °C at the
start of each application from a speed of 100 km/h where approval is directed
to vehicles of category N2 and 90 km/h where approval is directed to vehicles
of categories M3 and N3 using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in
paragraph 2.2.1.1. The mean value of the achieved mean fully developed
decelerations of the three applications must be at least 4 m/s2.
40
Annex 4
2.2.1.3. Type-I test

2.2.1.3.1. Heating procedure
Make 20 consecutive snub applications with v1 = 60 km/h and v2 = 30 km/h
with a cycle time of 60 s starting at a brake temperature of ≤ 100 °C at the
first application. The line pressure shall correspond to a deceleration of
3 m/s2 at the first application and must remain constant throughout the
succeeding applications.
2.2.1.3.2. Hot performance
On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance shall be
measured under the conditions of paragraph 2.2.1.1. above using the
guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1. (the temperature
conditions may be different). The mean fully developed deceleration with the
heated brake must not be less than 60 per cent of the value achieved with the
cold brake or 4 m/s2.
2.2.1.3.3. Recovery
Starting 120 s after the hot performance brake application make 5 full stops
with the line pressure used in paragraph 2.2.1.3.1. above and with intervals of
at least 2 minutes from the initial speed of 60 km/h. At the beginning of the
fifth application the brake temperature shall be ≤ 100 °C and the mean fully
developed deceleration achieved shall be within 10 per cent of that calculated
from the relation line pressure/deceleration of the Type-0 test at 60 km/h.
2.2.1.4. Type-II test
2.2.1.4.1. Heating procedure
The brakes shall be heated by constant braking torque corresponding to a
deceleration of 0.15 m/s2 at a constant speed of 30 km/h during a period of
12 minutes.
2.2.1.4.2. Hot performance
On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance shall be
measured under the conditions of paragraph 2.2.1.1. above using the
guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1. (the temperature
heated brake must not be less than 3.75 m/s2.
2.2.1.5. Static test for parking performance
2.2.1.5.1. For the whole range of applications determine the worst case regarding input
force to the brake, maximum vehicle mass to be braked by one axle, and tyre
radius.
2.2.1.5.2. Apply the brake with the input force as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1.
above.
2.2.1.5.3. Put a slowly increasing torque on the dynamometer shaft in order to turn the
drum or disc. Measure the output torque at the brake in the moment the
dynamometer shaft begins to move and calculate corresponding axle braking
force using the tyre radius as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1.
2.2.1.5.4. The brake force measured under paragraph 2.2.1.5.3. divided by one-half of
the vehicle mass as determined under paragraph 2.2.1.5.1. must give at least a
quotient of 0.18.
41
Annex 4

assembly or the replacement drum brake lining and the original brake lining
assembly or the original drum brake lining shall be made by comparing the
results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.2.1.1.
2.2.2.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 2.2.1.1. shall be performed with
one set of the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake
lining.
2.2.2.2. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining
achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure in the
upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those
obtained with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum brake
lining.
2.2.3.1. Using the guaranteed line pressure as defined in paragraph 2.2.1.1. and with
initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from each
of the following speeds:
60 km/h down to 30 km/h,
80 km/h down to 60 km/h, and
110 km/h down to 80 km/h (if vmax ≥ 90 km/h).
42
Annex 5
Annex 5

vehicles of categories O1 and O2
1. General
The test method described in this annex is based on an inertia dynamometer
test. Alternatively the tests may be carried out on a test vehicle or on a rolling
road test bench provided that the same test conditions are achieved and the
same parameters measured as in the inertia dynamometer test.
2. Test equipment
of rotational speed, brake torque, pressure in the brake line or actuation force,
number of rotations after brake application, braking time and brake rotor
temperature.
2.1. Test conditions
2.1.1. The rotational mass of the dynamometer shall correspond to half the relevant
axle portion of the maximum vehicle mass and the rolling radius of the
largest tyre that is authorized for that vehicle type(s).
2.1.2. The initial dynamometer rotational speed shall correspond to the linear
vehicle speed as stated in paragraph 3.1. of this annex and shall be based on
the dynamic rolling radius of the smallest tyre that is authorized for that
vehicle type(s).
2.1.3. Brake linings submitted for the test shall be fitted to the relevant brake and,
until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be burnished to the
manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service.
2.1.4. If cooling air is used, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be:
vair = 0.33v
Where:
2.1.5. The actuation device fitted to the brake must correspond to the vehicle
installation.
3. Tests and requirements
3.1. Type-0 test
From the initial speed of 60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C at the
start of each application make a minimum of six consecutive brake
applications at spaced intervals of line pressure or application force up to the
maximum line pressure or up to 6 m/s2 deceleration. Repeat the last brake
application using an initial speed of 40 km/h.
43
Annex 5
3.2. Type-I test

3.2.1. Heating procedure
The brake shall be heated with continuous braking according to the
requirement of Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.2. starting with a
brake rotor temperature ≤ 100 °C.
3.2.2. Hot performance
On completion of the heating procedure the hot performance from an initial
speed of 40 km/h shall be measured under the conditions of paragraph 3.2.1.
above using the same line pressure or application force (the temperature
heated brake must not be less than 60 per cent of the value achieved with the
cold brake or 3.5 m/s2.
3.3. Cold performance equivalence test
the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 3.1.
3.3.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 3.1. shall be performed with one
set of the original brake lining assembly.
3.3.2. The replacement brake lining assembly shall be considered to show similar
achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure or
application force in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within
15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly.
44
Annex 6
Annex 6
Requirements for replacement brake lining assemblies and

drum brake linings for vehicles of categories O3 and O4
1. Test conditions
The tests prescribed in this annex may be carried out alternatively on a test
vehicle or on an inertia dynamometer or on a rolling road test bench under
the same conditions as mentioned in Regulation 13, Annex 11, Appendix 2,
paragraphs 3.1. to 3.4.
manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical service.
2.1. Conformance with Regulation No. 13, Annex 11
The brakes shall be tested according to the requirements of
Regulation No. 13, Annex 11, Appendix 2, paragraph 3.5.
2.1.1. The results shall be reported in a form according to Regulation No. 13,
Annex 11, Appendix 3.
2.1.2. A comparison shall be made between these results and those obtained with
the original brake lining assemblies or the original drum brake linings under
the same conditions.
2.1.3. The achieved hot performance at the same input torque of the replacement
brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining in the Type-I test
or in the Type-III test (whichever is applicable) must be:
(a) Equal to or higher than the hot performance of the original brake
lining assembly or the original drum brake lining, or
(b) At least 90 per cent of the cold performance of the replacement brake
lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining.
The corresponding stroke of the actuator must not be ≥ 110 per cent of the
value achieved with the original brake lining assembly or the original drum
brake lining and must not exceed the value sp as defined in Annex 11,
Appendix 2, paragraph 2. of Regulation No. 13. In the case where the
original brake lining assembly or drum brake lining has been tested against
the Type-II test requirements, the minimum requirements of
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.7.2. (Type-III test) are applicable
for the replacement brake lining assembly or drum brake lining.
2.2. Cold performance equivalence test (Type-0)
2.2.1. Under the conditions of paragraph 1 of this annex and from an initial speed of
60 km/h with a brake temperature ≤ 100 °C make 6 brake applications at
spaced intervals of control force or line pressure up to 6.5 bar or an achieved
deceleration of 6 m/s2.
45
Annex 7
2.2.2. Note and plot control force or line pressure and mean brake torque or mean
fully developed deceleration for each application.
2.2.3. Compare the results with those obtained with the original brake lining
assemblies or the original drum brake linings under the same test conditions.
2.2.4. The replacement brake lining assembly or the replacement drum brake lining
achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same input force or line
pressure in the upper two thirds of the generated curve are within -5 per cent
and +15 per cent of those obtained with the original brake lining assembly or
the original drum brake lining.
46
Annex 7
Annex 7

vehicles of category L
1. Test conditions
1.1. A vehicle which is representative of the type(s) for which the replacement
brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the brake
lining assemblies of the type for which approval is requested and
instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulation No. 78.
1.2. Brake lining assemblies submitted for the test shall be fitted to the relevant
brakes and, until a fixed burnishing procedure is established, shall be
burnished to the manufacturer’s instructions in agreement with the technical
service.
1.3. In the case of brake lining assemblies for vehicles with a combined braking
system in the meaning of paragraph 2.9. of Regulation No. 78 the
combination(s) of brake lining assemblies for the front and the rear axle to
which the approval shall be directed must be tested.
The combination may consist of replacement brake lining assemblies for both
axles and/or a replacement brake lining assembly on one and an original
brake lining assembly on the other axle.
2.1. Conformance with Regulation No. 78
2.1.1. The braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to the
requirements for the vehicle category in question (L1, L2, L3, L4 or L5) in
Regulation No. 78, Annex 3, paragraph 1. The applicable requirements or
tests are:
2.1.1.1. Type-0 test with engine disconnected
The test is to be carried out only in the laden condition. Make a minimum of
six brake applications at spaced increments of control force or line pressure
up to wheel lock, or up to a deceleration of 6 m/s2 or up to the maximum
allowed control force.
2.1.1.2. Type-0 test with engine connected
Only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5
2.1.1.3. Type-0 test with wet brakes
Not applicable to vehicles of category L5 or in cases of drum brakes or fully
enclosed disc brakes not subjected to this test during approval to
Regulation No. 78.
2.1.1.4. Type-I test
Only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5
2.1.2. The vehicle must satisfy all the relevant requirements stated in
Regulation No. 78, Annex 3, paragraph 2. for that category of vehicles.
47
Annex 7
2.2. Additional requirements

the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.1.1.1.
2.2.1.1. The Type-0 test as prescribed in paragraph 2.1.1.1. shall be performed with
one set of the original brake lining assembly.
achieved mean fully developed decelerations at the same line pressure in the
upper two thirds of the generated curve are within 15 per cent of those
obtained with the original brake lining assembly.
This test is only applicable for vehicles of categories L3, L4 and L5 and shall
be carried out with the laden vehicle under the conditions of the Type-0 test
with engine disconnected. However, the test speeds are different.
2.2.2.1. From the results of the Type-0 test as described in paragraph 2.1.1.1.
determine the control force or line pressure corresponding to the minimum
required mean fully developed deceleration for that category of vehicle.
2.2.2.2. Using the control force or line pressure determined in paragraph 2.2.2.1. and
with initial brake temperature ≤ 100 °C, make three brake applications from
each of the following speeds:
40 km/h, 80 km/h and 120 km/h (if vmax ≥ 130 km/h).
48
Annex 8
Annex 8
Technical prescriptions for replacement brake lining

assemblies intended for the use in separate parking brake
systems being independent of the vehicle service brake
system
1. Compliance with Regulation No. 13 or 13-H
Compliance with the requirements of Regulation No. 13 or 13-H shall be
demonstrated in a vehicle test.
1.1. Vehicle test
brake lining assembly approval is required shall be equipped with the
replacement brake lining assemblies of the type for which approval is
requested and instrumented for brake testing as required by Regulation
No. 13 or Regulation No. 13-H whichever is appropriate. The vehicle shall be
fully laden. Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant
brakes and, shall not be burnished.
1.2. The parking braking system of the vehicle shall be tested according to all
relevant requirements in Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.3. or
Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.3., whichever is appropriate
taking into consideration the original approval of the system.
49
Annex 9
Annex 9
Special additional procedures for conformity of production
Part A: Determination of friction behaviour by machine testing
1. Introduction
Part A applies to replacement brake lining assemblies or replacement drum
brake linings approved to this Regulation.
1.1. Samples of a replacement brake lining assembly type shall be tested on a
machine capable of generating the test conditions and applying the test
procedures described in this annex.
1.2. Test results shall be evaluated to determine sample friction behaviour.
1.3. The friction behaviour of samples shall be compared to assess conformity
with the standard registered for a replacement brake lining assembly type.
2. Replacement brake lining assemblies for vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1,
O1, O2, and L
2.1. Equipment
2.1.1. The machine shall be designed to accept and operate a full size brake similar
to those fitted to the vehicle axle used for approval testing to paragraph 5. of
this Regulation.
2.1.2. The disc or drum rotational speed shall be 660 ± 10 1/min 1 without load and
shall not fall below 600 1/min on full load.
2.1.3. The test cycles and brake applications during the cycles to be adjustable and
automatic.
2.1.4. Output torque or brake pressure (constant torque method) and working
surface temperature shall be recorded.
2.1.5. Provisions shall be made to direct cooling air across the brake at a rate of
600 ± 60 m3/h.
2.2. Test procedure
2.2.1. Sample preparation
The manufacturer's bedding schedule shall ensure a minimum of 80 per cent
surface contact area for pad assemblies without exceeding a surface
temperature of 300 °C and 70 per cent surface contact area for the leading
shoe assemblies without exceeding a surface temperature of 200 °C.
1
In the case of vehicles of categories L1 and L2, a lower test speed may be used.
50
Annex 9
2.2.2. Test schedule

The test schedule comprises a number of consecutive braking cycles each
containing X braking intervals of 5 seconds brake applied followed by
10 seconds brake released.
The following two methods may be used alternatively.
2.2.2.1. Test schedule with constant pressure
2.2.2.1.1. Pad assemblies
The hydraulic pressure p under the piston(s) of the calliper shall be constant
following the formula:
p= Md
0.57 . r w . A k
Md = 150 Nm for Ak ≤ 18.1 cm2

Md = 300 Nm for Ak > 18.1 cm2
Ak = area of calliper piston(s)
rw = effective radius of disc
No of Number of brake Initial brake rotor Max. brake rotor

cycle applications X temperature (°C) temperature (°C) Forced cooling
1 1 x 10 ≤ 60 open no
2
2-6 5 x 10 100 open (350) no
7 1 x 10 100 open yes
2.2.2.1.2. Shoe assemblies

The mean contact pressure at the brake lining working surface shall be
constant at 22 ± 6 N/cm2 calculated for a static brake without self-energizing.

1 1 x 10 ≤ 60 200 yes
2 1 x 10 100 open no
3 1 x 10 100 200 yes
4 1 x 10 100 open no
2
In the case of vehicles of category L, the temperature shall be limited to 350 °C. If necessary, the
number of applications per cycle must be reduced accordingly. However, in this case, the number of
cycles shall be increased to keep the total number of applications constant.
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Annex 9
2.2.2.2. Test schedule with constant torque

This method applies only for pad assemblies. The brake torque shall be
constant within a tolerance of ±5 per cent and adjusted to guarantee the
maximum brake rotor temperatures given in the table below.

1 1x5 ≤ 60 300-350 (200-250) 3

no
2-4 3x5 100 300-350 (200-250) no
5 1 x 10 100 500-600 (300-350) no
6-9 4x5 100 300-350 (200-250) no
10 1 x 10 100 500-600 (300-350) no
11-13 3x5 100 300-350 (200-250) no
14 1x5 ≤ 60 300-350 (200-250) no
2.3. Evaluation of test results

Friction behaviour is determined from the brake torque noted at selected
points in a test schedule. Where brake factor is constant, e.g. a disc brake,
brake torque may be translated to coefficient of friction.
2.3.1. Pad assemblies
2.3.1.1. The operational coefficient of friction (µop) is the mean of the values recorded
during cycles two to seven (constant pressure method) or during cycles 2-4,
6-9 and 11-13 (constant torque method); measurement being made one
second after commencing the first brake application of each cycle.
2.3.1.2. The maximum coefficient of friction (µmax) is the highest value recorded
during all cycles.
2.3.1.3. The minimum coefficient of friction (µmin) is the lowest value recorded
during all cycles.
2.3.2. Shoe assemblies
2.3.2.1. The mean torque (Mmean) is the average of the maximum and minimum
values of brake torque recorded during the fifth brake application of cycles
one and three.
2.3.2.2. The hot torque (Mhot) is the minimum brake torque developed during cycles
two and four. If the temperature exceeds 300 °C during these cycles the value
at 300 °C is to be taken as Mhot.
2.4. Acceptance criteria
2.4.1. With each application for approval of a brake lining assembly type there shall
be submitted:
2.4.1.1. For pad assemblies, values for µop, µmin, µmax.
2.4.1.2. For shoe assemblies, values for Mmean and Mhot.
3
Values in brackets for vehicles of category L.
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Annex 9
2.4.2. During production of an approved brake lining assembly type, test samples
must demonstrate compliance with the values registered under
paragraph 2.4.1. of this annex with the following tolerances:
2.4.2.1. For disc brake pads:
µop ± 15 per cent of registered value;
µmin ≥ registered value;
µmax ≤ registered value.
2.4.2.2. For simplex drum brake linings:
Mmean ± 20 per cent of registered value;
Mhot ≥ registered value.
3. Brake lining assemblies and drum brake linings for vehicles of categories M3,
N2, N3, O3, and O4
3.1. Equipment
3.1.1. The machine shall be equipped with a disc brake of the fixed calliper type
with a cylinder diameter of 60 mm and a solid (not ventilated) disc having a
diameter of 278 ± 2 mm and a thickness of 12 mm ± 0.5 mm. A rectangular
piece of the friction material with an area of 44 cm2 ± 0.5 cm2 and a thickness
of at least 6 mm shall be attached to the backing plate.
3.1.2. The disc rotational speed shall be 660 ± 10 1/min without load and shall not
fall below 600 1/min on full load.
3.1.3. The mean contact pressure at the brake lining working surface shall be
constant at 75 N/cm2 ± 10 N/cm2.
3.1.4. The test cycles and brake applications during the cycles to be adjustable and
automatic.
3.1.5. Output torque and working surface temperature shall be recorded.
3.1.6. Provisions shall be made to direct cooling air across the brake at a rate
of 600 ± 60 m3/h.
3.2. Test procedure
3.2.1. Sample preparation
The manufacturer's bedding procedure shall ensure a minimum of 80 per cent
surface contact area without exceeding a surface temperature of 200 °C.
53
Annex 9
3.2.2. Test schedule

The test procedure comprises a number of consecutive braking cycles each
containing a number of X braking intervals of 5 seconds brake applied
followed by 10 seconds brake released.
No of Number of brake Initial brake rotor temperature

cycle applications X (°C) Forced cooling
1 5 100 yes
2 5 increasing ≤ 200 no
3 5 200 no
5 5 300 no
6 3 250 yes
7 3 200 yes
8 3 150 yes
9 10 100 yes
11 5 300 no
3.3. Evaluation of test results

Friction behaviour is determined from the brake torque noted in selected
cycles of the test schedule. Brake torque shall be translated to coefficient of
friction µ.
The µ-value of each brake application shall be determined as the mean value
of the 5 seconds brake applied.
3.3.1. The operational coefficient of friction µop1 is the mean value of µ recorded
for the brake applications in cycles 1 and µop2 is the mean value of µ recorded
for the brake applications in cycle 9.
3.3.2. The maximum coefficient of friction µmax is the highest value of µ recorded
in an application during cycles 1 to 11 inclusive.
3.3.3. The minimum coefficient of friction µmin is the lowest value of µ recorded in
an application during cycles 1 to 11 inclusive.
3.4.1. With each application for approval of a replacement brake lining assembly
type or a replacement drum brake lining type, there shall be submitted values
for µop1, µop2, µmin and µmax.
3.4.2. During production of an approved replacement brake lining assembly type or
replacement drum brake lining type, test samples must demonstrate
compliance with the values registered under paragraph 3.4.1. of this annex
within the following tolerances:
µop1, µop2 ± 15 per cent of the registered value;
µmin ≥ registered value;
µmax ≤ registered value.
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Annex 9
Part B: Conformity of production for brake discs and drums
1. Introduction
Part B applies to replacement brake discs and drums approved to this
Regulation.
2. Requirements
Conformity of production is to be demonstrated through the routine control
and documentation of at least the following:
2.1. Chemical composition
2.2. Microstructure
The microstructure must be characterised in accordance with ISO 945-1:2006
(a) Description of the composition of the matrix;
(b) Description of the graphite shape, distribution and size.
2.3. Mechanical properties
(a) Tensile strength measured in accordance with ISO 6892:1998;
(b) Brinell hardness measured in accordance with ISO 6506-1:2005.
In each case the measurements must be made on samples taken from the
actual brake disc or drum.
2.4. Geometric features
Brake Discs:
(a) Thickness variation;
(b) Friction surface run out;
(c) Friction surface roughness;
(d) Cheek thickness variation (for ventilated brake discs).
Brake Drums:
(a) Ovality;
(b) Friction surface roughness.
With each application for approval of a replacement brake disc or drum there
shall be submitted a production specification covering:
(a) Chemical composition and its permitted range, or where appropriate,
maximum value, for each element;
(b) Microstructure as per paragraph 2.2.;
(c) Mechanical properties as per paragraph 2.3. and their permitted range,
or where appropriate, minimum value.
During routine production of an approved replacement brake disc or drum
production must demonstrate compliance with these registered specifications.
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Annex 9
In the case of Geometric features the values prescribed in

paragraph 5.3.3.1.1. for brake discs and paragraph 5.3.3.1.2. for brake drums
must not be exceeded.
2.6. Documentation
The documentation shall contain the manufacturer’s maximum and minimum
permitted values.
2.7. Test frequency
The measurements prescribed in this annex should be carried out for each
production batch.
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Annex 10
Annex 10
Illustrations
1. Brake disc design types (examples)
Flat type
57
Annex 10
Cylinder type
Pot type
58
Annex 10
Conical type
59
Annex 10
Double flange type
B Diameter of mounting bolt holes (or thread size in case of threaded holes)
D External diameter of disc
F(i) Inner diameter of friction surface (inboard)
F(o) Inner diameter of friction surface (outboard)
H Mounting flange thickness
L(k) Width of cooling (ventilating) channel
S(new) Disc thickness (nominal)
S(min) Disc thickness (minimal permissible wear thickness)
T(i) Internal diameter (mounting spigot diameter)
T(k) "x" number of mounting bolt holes and pitch circle diameter
T(t) Overall length of disc
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Annex 10
2. Brake drum (example)
A Inside diameter of the drum

B Friction surface width
C "x" number of mounting bolt holes and pitch circle diameter
D Mounting spigot diameter
E Outside drum width
F Mounting flange thickness
G Outside diameter of the drum
H Casing diameter
I Diameter of the mounting bolt holes
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Annex 11
Annex 11
Requirements for replacement brake discs or brake drums

for vehicles of categories M and N
1. Test overview
The tests required in paragraph 5.3. of this Regulation are detailed as follows
according to the vehicle category:
Table A11/1A
Vehicles of categories M1, N1
Vehicle test Alternative dynamometer test
Performance tests 2.2.1. Type 0, engine 3.4.1. Type 0,

according to disconnected
Regulations
Nos. 13/13-H 2.2.2. Type 0, engine 3.4.4. Brake tests simulation
connected engine connected
Speed and load analog to
item 2.2.2.
2.2.3. Type I 3.4.2. Type I
2.3. Parking braking system –

(if applicable)
Comparison test 2.4. Testing the dynamic 3.5. Testing the dynamic
with original part frictional properties frictional properties
(comparison test (comparison test
conducted on the conducted on the
individual axles) individual wheel brake)
Integrity tests No vehicle test − use 4.1. Brake discs

dynamometer test
4.1.1. Brake disc thermal
fatigue test
4.1.2. Brake disc high load test
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Brake drum thermal
fatigue test
4.2.2. Brake drum high load
test
For each disc and drum type at least one test group (see definition in
paragraph 5.3.6. of this Regulation) requires the Type 0 and Type I tests to be
carried out on a vehicle.
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Annex 11
Table A11/1B
Vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2, N3
Vehicle test Alternative dynamometer test
Performance tests 2.2.1. Type 0, engine 3.4.1. Type 0

according to disconnected
Regulation
No. 13 2.2.3. Type I 3.4.2. Type I
2.2.4. Type II 3.4.3. Type II
2.3. Parking braking system –

(if required)
Comparison test 2.4. Testing the dynamic 3.5. Testing the dynamic
with original part frictional properties frictional properties
(comparison test (comparison test
conducted on the conducted on the
individual axles) individual wheel brake)
Integrity tests No vehicule test − use 4.1. Brake discs

dynamometer test
4.1.1. Thermal fatigue
4.1.2. High load test
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Thermal fatigue
4.2.2. High load test
2. Verification of the vehicle test requirements

2.1. Test vehicle
A vehicle that is representative for the selected test group (see definition in
paragraph 5.3.6. of this Regulation) in respect of which an approval or parts
report for a replacement brake disc/drum is applied for shall be fitted with
this replacement brake disc/drum as well as be equipped with test devices for
testing the brakes pursuant to the provisions of Regulation No. 13 or 13-H.
The replacement brake disc/drum shall be fitted to the axle in question
together with an accompanying brake lining which has been type approved
according to Regulations Nos. 13 or 13-H or 90 available from the vehicle or
axle manufacturer.
Unless a uniform procedure is laid down for how braking is to effected, the
test shall be carried out following agreement with the Technical Service. All
the tests listed below shall be carried out on brakes that have been bedded in.
The same "bedding-in" programme shall be used for both replacement and
original brake discs and drums.
2.2. Service braking system
2.2.1. Type 0 brake tests, engine disconnected, vehicle laden
This test shall be carried out pursuant to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4,
paragraph 1.4.2. or Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.4.2.
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Annex 11
2.2.2. Type 0 brake tests, engine connected, vehicle unladen and laden
paragraph 1.4.3. (supplementary test, how the vehicle behaves when braking
from high speed) or Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.4.3.
2.2.3. Type I brake tests
paragraph 1.5.1. or Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.5.1.
At the end of the Type I brake test, the performance when the brakes are hot
is to be satisfied pursuant to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.3. or
Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.5.2.
2.2.4. Type II brake tests
paragraph 1.6.
2.3. Parking braking system (if required)
2.3.1. If the service brake system and the parking brake system use a common disc
or drum friction surface, it is not necessary to conduct a specific parking
brake system test. The satisfactory achievement of the Type 0 laden test shall
be taken as meeting the parking brake system requirements.
2.3.2. Static test with 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
2.3.3. The vehicle shall satisfy all the relevant provisions laid down in
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 2.3. or Regulation No. 13-H,
Annex 3, paragraph 2.3. that apply to this category of vehicle.
2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional properties (comparison test conducted on the
individual axles)
For this test, the vehicle shall be laden and all brake applications carried out
on a flat road with the engine disconnected.
The service braking system of the vehicle shall be provided with a device that
separates the front-wheel brakes from the rear-wheel brakes so that they can
always be operated independently of one another.
If an approval or a part report is required in connection with a replacement
brake disc/drum for the front-wheel brakes, the rear-wheel brakes shall
remain inoperative throughout the test.
If an approval or a part report is required in connection with a replacement
brake disc/drum for the rear-wheel brakes, the front-wheel brakes shall
2.4.1. Performance comparison test when the brakes are cold
With cold brakes, the performance of the replacement brake disc/drum shall
be compared with the original equivalents by comparing the results of the test
below.
2.4.1.1. Using the replacement brake disc/drum, at least six consecutive brake
applications with different, gradually increasing control forces or brake
pressures are carried out as part of the process up to the point at which the
wheels lock, or up to a mean fully developed deceleration of 6 m/s² (M1, M2,
N1) or 3.5 m/s² (M3, N2, N3) or up to the maximum control force or line
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Annex 11
pressure permitted for this category of vehicle, in which connection the initial
speed for the testing of front or rear axle brake discs and drums is as per the
table below:
Table A11/2.4.1.1.
Test speed in km/h
Vehicle category Front axle Rear axle
M1 70 45
M2 50 40
N1 65 50
M3, N2, N3 45 45
Prior to each brake application, the initial temperature of the brake disc/drum
shall be ≤ 100 °C.
2.4.1.2. The brake test described in paragraph 2.4.1.1. also has to be carried out using
the original brake disc/drum.
2.4.1.3. The dynamic frictional properties of the replacement brake disc/drum can be
regarded as similar to those of the original brake disc/drum, provided the
values attained in relation to the mean fully developed deceleration at the
same operating pressures or control forces in the region of the upper 2/3 of
the curve generated do not deviate by either ±10 per cent or ±0.4 m/s² from
those of the original brake disc/drum.
3.1. Equipping the dynamometer
For testing purposes, the dynamometer shall be fitted out with the original
brake caliper or wheel brake of the vehicle(s) concerned. The inertia
dynamometer shall be equipped with a constant torque device and equipment
for recording rotational speed, brake pressure, the number of revolutions after
braking has commenced, brake torque, the braking period and the
temperature of the brake discs/drums on a continuous basis.
3.2.1. Inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer
The inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer shall be set as close as possible,
with a permissible variation of ±5 per cent, to the theoretically required value
which corresponds to that part of the total inertia of the vehicle braked by the
appropriate wheel. The formula used for calculation purposes is as follows:
I = m ⋅ rdyn²
Where:
I = rotary inertia (kgm2);
rdyn = dynamic rolling radius of the tyre (m);
m = test mass (part of the maximum mass of the vehicle braked by the
appropriate wheel) as stipulated by this Regulation.
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Annex 11
3.2.1.1. Dynamic rolling radius

In calculating the inertia mass, the dynamic rolling radius (rdyn) of the largest
tyre authorised for the vehicle (or the axle) shall be taken into account.
3.2.1.2. Test mass
The test mass for calculating the inertia mass shall be as follows:
a) When testing front axle brake discs and drums:
x ⋅ m veh
m= m v e h = max. permitted mass of the vehicle
2 ⋅ n front n f r o n t = number of front axles
b) When testing rear axle brake discs and drums:
y ⋅ m veh
m= m v e h = max. permitted mass of the vehicle
2 ⋅ n rear n r e a r = number of rear axles
Table A11/3.2.1.2
Percentage by mass m to be taken into account
Vehicle category X values (front axle) Y values (rear axle)
M1 77 32
M2 69 44
N1 66 39
M3, N2, N3 55 55
3.2.2. The initial rotational speed of the dynamometer shall correspond to the linear
speed of the vehicle at 80 km/h (M1, N1) or 60 km/h (M2, M3, N2, N3) based
on the mean of the dynamic rolling radii of the largest and smallest tyre of
the authorised tyre sizes.
3.2.3. Cooling
The cooling may be carried out either to paragraphs 3.2.3.1. or 3.2.3.2.
3.2.3.1. Test carried out with a complete wheel (rim and tyre), mounted on the
moving part of the brake, as it would be on the vehicle (worst case).
With respect to the Type I and Type II tests air cooling at a velocity and air
flow direction simulating actual conditions may be used during the heating
runs, the speed of the air flow being vAir = 0.33 v
Where:
In other cases cooling air is not restricted.
The temperature of the cooling air shall be the ambient temperature.
3.2.3.2. Test carried out without a rim
With respect to the Type I and Type II tests during the heating runs no
cooling is allowed.
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Annex 11
3.2.4. Preparation of the brake

3.2.4.1. Disc brakes
The test is conducted using a new disc with new brake lining assemblies
which have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13, 13-H or 90
(in the condition as mounted on the vehicle, e.g. protective grease removed).
3.2.4.2. Drum brakes
The test is conducted using a new drum with new linings assemblies which
have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13, 13-H or 90 (if
applicable, protective grease removed).
Machining of the linings to achieve good lining to drum contact is
permissible.
3.3. Alternative dynamometer performance test
Table A11/3.3.
In the case of vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1
1a. See bedding-in (burnishing) procedure as described in Annex 3, paragraph 2.2.2.3.
1b. In the case of vehicles of categories M3, N2, N3

Bedding-in (burnishing):
100 (disc) or 200 (drum) brake applications
Ti = 150 °C (disc) or 100 °C (drum)
vi = 60 km/h
dm = 1 and 2 m/s² alternating
2. Dynamic friction properties, see paragraph 3.5.1. of this annex
3. Brake test Type 0, see paragraph 3.4.1. of this annex
4. Brake test Type I, see paragraph 3.4.2. of this annex
5. Re-burnishing:
vi = 60 km/h,
7. Brake tests simulation engine connected, see paragraph 3.4.4. of this

annex
8. Re-burnishing: (like No. 5.)
9. Dynamic friction properties, see paragraph 3.5.1 of this annex
10. Brake test Type II (if applicable), see paragraph 3.4.3. of this annex
11. Re-burnishing: (like No. 5.)
Steps 12 to 19 are optional (if activation is not sufficient)
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Annex 11
In the case of vehicles of categories M1, M2, N1
1a. See bedding-in (burnishing) procedure as described in Annex 3, paragraph 2.2.2.3.
13. Brake test Type I, see paragraph 3.4.2. of this annex
14. Re-burnishing: (like item 5.)
16. Brake tests simulation engine connected, see paragraph 3.4.4. of this
annex

3.4.1. Brake tests Type 0, vehicle laden
This test shall be carried out analogous to the provisions of
3.4.2. Brake tests Type I
is to be satisfied pursuant to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.3. or
Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 1.5.2.
3.4.3. Brake tests Type II
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.6.
3.4.4. Brake tests simulation engine connected
Instead of the Type 0 test with engine connected, for the purpose of this
Regulation it is acceptable to carry out a test to simulating for the laden
condition (see paragraph 3.2. of this annex) the test conditions which are
prescribed for the Type 0 test with engine connected in Regulation No. 13,
Annex 4, paragraph 2.1.1. or Regulation No. 13-H, Annex 3, paragraph 2.1.1.
individual wheel brake)
below.
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Annex 11
3.5.1. Using the replacement brake disc/drum, at least six consecutive brake
pressures are carried out as part of the process up to a mean fully developed
deceleration of 6 m/s² (M1, M2, N1) or 5 m/s² (M3, N2, N3). The control forces
or line pressure have not to exceed the maximum allowed control forces or
line pressure that is permanently guaranteed by the braking system of the
vehicle (e. g. cut in pressure of the compressor). Prior to each brake
application, the initial temperature of the brake disc/drum shall be ≤ 100 °C.
3.5.2. The brake test described in paragraph 3.5.1. also has to be carried out using
3.5.3. The dynamic frictional properties at the end of the procedure (step 9 or 18) of
the replacement brake disc/drum can be regarded as similar to those of the
original brake disc/drum, provided the values attained in relation to the mean
fully developed deceleration at the same operating pressures or control forces
in the region of the upper 2/3 of the curve generated do not deviate by
either ±8 per cent or ±0.4 m/s² from those of the original brake disc/drum.
4. Integrity tests using an inertia dynamometer
The tests are conducted in accordance with paragraph 4.1. (discs) or
4.2. (drums).
A single test per test group is required unless the replacement part does not
achieve the required number of cycles before damage or failure (see
paragraph 4.1.1.1.3. or 4.1.1.2.3. of this annex).
The brake should be installed on the dynamometer in accordance with its
fitting position on the vehicle (rigidly mounted brakes or those installed by
means of a stub axle are exempt).
The temperature of the brake disc/brake drum should be measured in as close
proximity to the friction rubbing surface as possible. The temperature
measurement should be recorded and the method and measuring point shall
be the same for all tests.
If cooling air is used during a brake application or between brake applications
inside one braking cycle, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be limited
to vair = 0.33 v
Where:
4.1. Brake discs
4.1.1. Brake disc thermal fatigue test
This test is conducted using a new disc, an original brake caliper of the
vehicle(s) concerned and new brake lining assemblies of the vehicle(s)
concerned which have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13,
13-H or 90 (in the condition as mounted on the vehicle, e.g. protective grease
removed).
Worn brake linings may be replaced during the test if necessary.
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Annex 11
4.1.1.1. Vehicles of categories M1, N1

4.1.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
The inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer shall be determined in
accordance with the requirements laid down in paragraphs 3.2.1., 3.2.1.1. and
3.2.1.2. of Annex 11.
The rotational speed of the dynamometer shall correspond to the linear test
speed of the vehicle based on the mean of the largest and smallest dynamic
rolling radius of the tyres authorized for that vehicle.
4.1.1.1.2. Test program (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
Brake linings submitted for test shall be fitted to the relevant brakes and
bedded (burnished) according to the procedure of Annex 3, paragraph 1.1.2.:
Table A11/4.1.1.1.2.
Test provision Thermal fatigue test
Vehicle categories M1, N1
Type of braking Sequential brake applications
Braking interval (= ttotal) 70 s
Number of brake applications per cycle 2
Brake torque in accordance with a 5.0 m/s²

deceleration of
Total number of braking cycles 100 or 150 (see 4.1.1.1.3.)
Brake applications
from vmax
to 20 km/h
Initial temperature of the 1st brake ≤ 100 °C

application in each cycle
Where:
vmax the vmax to be used to test the replacement part is that corresponding to
the vehicle which has the highest ratio of kinetic energy to disc mass;
tbra actual braking period during the application;
tacc minimum acceleration time in accordance with the accelerating power
of the respective vehicle;
trest rest period;
ttotal Braking interval (tbra + tacc + trest).
4.1.1.1.3. Test result (brake disc thermal fatigue test)
The test is regarded as having been passed if 150 or more cycles are
completed without damage or failure.
If less than 150 cycles but more than 100 cycles are completed without
damage or failure then the test must be repeated on a new replacement part.
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Annex 11
Under these circumstances both tests must complete more than 100 cycles
without damage or failure for the part to have passed the test.
If less than 100 cycles are completed before damage or failure then a test
should be conducted on the original part and the results compared. If the
damage or failure point is no worse than the number of cycles of the original
part -10 per cent then the test is regarded as having been passed.
Damage in this context means:
(a) Radial cracks on the friction surface which are longer than 2/3 of the
radial height of the friction surface;
(b) Cracks on the friction surface which reach the inner or outer diameter
of the friction surface;
(c) Through-cracking of any friction ring;
(d) Any type of structural damage or cracks in any area outside the
friction surface.
4.1.1.2. Vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2 and N3
4.1.1.2.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 7.5 t
By means of the following Test program, brake discs are tested as
components of the braking system. It does not imitate actual driving
conditions but is understood as being purely a component test. The
parameters listed below in Table A11/4.1.1.2.1.1. cover the brakes that are
presently used as a rule on vehicles with a maximum permitted mass > 7.5 t.
Table A11/4.1.1.2.1.1.
Outside disc
diameter Test parameter Test parameter Example of equipment
"Brake size"/smallest possible rim

Test mass m [kg] rdyn [m] size
320-350 3,100 0.386 17.5"

351-390 4,500 0.445 19.5"
391-440 5,300 0.527 22.5"
*
> 440 * * –
*
The test mass and the dynamic tyre rolling radius to be agreed between the applicant and the
Technical Service.
accordance with the requirements laid down in paragraph 3.2.1. of Annex 11
in conjunction with the parameters specified in the table above (test mass and
rdyn).
speed of the vehicle based on the dynamic tyre rolling radii specified in
Table A11/4.1.1.2.1.1.
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Annex 11
4.1.1.2.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible mass > 3.5 t and ≤ 7.5 t
As regards vehicles with a maximum permitted mass > 3.5 t and ≤ 7.5 t in respect
of which the parameters listed in Table A11/4.1.1.2.1.1. do not apply, the test
parameters shall be selected in such a way that the worst case scenario that
formed the basis of the range of use of the replacement brake disc (maximum
permitted vehicle mass, maximum tyre equipment size) is covered.
The inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer shall be determined in accordance
with the requirements laid down in paragraphs 3.2.1., 3.2.1.1. and 3.2.1.2. of
Annex 11.
The rotational speed of the dynamometer shall correspond to the linear test speed
of the vehicle based on the mean of the largest and smallest dynamic rolling
radius of the tyres authorized for that vehicle.
Table A11/4.1.1.2.2.
"Bedding-in" procedure 100 brake applications

Initial speed: 60 km/h
Final speed: 30 km/h
dm alternating between 1 m/s2 and 2 m/s2
Initial temperature : ≤ 300 °C (beginning at room
temperature)
1. Conditioned braking 10 brake applications from 60 to 30 km/h
dm alternating between 1 m/s2 and 2 m/s2
Initial temperature: ≤ 250 °C
2. High-speed braking 2 Brake applications from 130 to 80 km/h
dm 3 m/s2
3. Conditioned braking See test stage 1
4. High-speed braking See test stage 2
6. Continuous braking (1) 5 Brake applications at a constant speed of: 85 km/h

Decelerating torque corresponding to 0.5 m/s2
Braking period 60 s
8. Continuous braking (2) 5 Brake applications at a constant speed of: 85 km/h

Braking period 40 s
9. Repeat test stages 1 to 8: 9 or 14 times (whichever is applicable) − see
paragraph 4.1.1.2.3.
dm distance related mean deceleration.
72
Annex 11

The test is regarded as having been passed if 15 or more cycles are completed
without damage or failure.
If less than 15 cycles but more than 10 cycles are completed without damage or
failure then the test must be repeated on a new replacement part. Under these
circumstances both tests must complete more than 10 cycles without damage or
failure for the part to have passed the test.
If less than 10 cycles are completed before damage or failure then a test should be
conducted on the original part and the results compared. If the damage or failure
point is no worse than the number of cycles of the original part then the test is
regarded as having been passed.
radial height of the friction ring;
friction surface.
This test is conducted using a new disc, an original brake caliper of the vehicle(s)
concerned and new brake lining assemblies of the vehicle(s) concerned which
have been type approved according to Regulations Nos. 13, 13-H or 90 (in the
condition as mounted on the vehicle, e.g. protective grease removed).
Worn brake linings may be replaced during the test if necessary.
4.1.2.1. Vehicles of categories M1, N1
4.1.2.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc high load test)
See paragraph 4.1.1.1.1. above.
4.1.2.1.2. Test program (brake disc high load test)
The test has to be carried out according to the following table:
Table A11/4.1.2.1.2.
Test provision High load test

Vehicle categories M1, N1
Type of braking Single brake applications
Number of brake applications 70
Initial temperature at the beginning of braking ≤ 100 °C
Brake torque in accordance with 10.0 m/s² (however, brake pressure
p ≤ 16,000 kPa)
Brake applications
from vmax
to 10 km/h
73
Annex 11
Where:
vmax the vmax to be used to test the replacement part is that corresponding to
the vehicle which has the highest ratio of kinetic energy to disc mass.
4.1.2.1.3. Test result (brake disc high load test)
The test is regarded as having been passed if 70 or more brake applications
are completed without damage or failure.
If less than 70 brake applications are completed before damage or failure then
a test should be conducted on the original part and the results compared. If
the damage or failure point is no worse than the number of cycles of the
original part -10 per cent then the test is regarded as having been passed.
friction surface.
500 brake applications are carried out from a speed of 50 km/h to 10 km/h
with a brake torque of 90 per cent of the maximum brake torque specified by
the applicant.
The test is regarded as having been passed if the brake disc does not exhibit
any signs of fracture after 500 brake applications.
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Brake drum thermal fatigue test
have been type approved according to Regulations No. 13, 13-H or 90 (if
permissible.
4.2.1.1. Vehicles of categories M1 and N1
4.2.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
3.2.1.2. of Annex 11.
74
Annex 11
4.2.1.1.2. Test program (brake drum thermal fatigue test)
The thermal fatigue requirements for brake drums are covered by the high
load tests of paragraph 4.2.2.1.2.
4.2.1.1.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue)
See paragraph 4.2.2.1.3.
4.2.1.2. Vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2, N3
Table A11/4.2.1.2.1.1.
Lining width
< 130 mm 130-190 mm >190 mm
Inner drum Test Tyre Test Tyre Test Tyre

diameter mass radius mass radius mass radius Typical rim
[mm] [kg] [m] [kg] [m] [kg] [m] diameter
< 330 2750 0.402 3200 0.390 5500 0.402 17.5"

330-390 * * 3400 0.480 5500 0.516 19.5"
391-430 3400 0.510 4500 0.527 5500 0.543 22.5"
> 430 * * * * * * –
*
Technical Service.
rdyn).
Table A11/4.2.1.2.1.1.
As regards vehicles with a maximum permitted mass > 3.5 t and ≤ 7.5 t in
respect of which the parameters listed in Table A11/4.1.1.2.1.1. do not apply,
the test parameters shall be selected in such a way that the worst case
scenario that formed the basis of the range of use of the replacement brake
disc (maximum permitted vehicle mass, maximum tyre equipment size) is
covered.
75
Annex 11

3.2.1.2. of Annex 11.
Table A11/4.2.1.2.2.
Number of brake applications 250 or 300 (whichever is applicable) −

see paragraph 4.2.1.2.3.
NB: The test is interrupted when a
through crack appears.
Brake torque in accordance with 3.0 m/s²
Brake applications
from 130
to 80 km/h
Initial temperature of each brake application ≤ 50 °C
Cooling pursuant to paragraph 3.2.3. permitted
4.2.1.2.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue)

If less than 300 brake applications but more than 250 brake applications are
completed without damage or failure then the Technical Service must repeat
the test on a new replacement part. Under these circumstances both tests must
complete more than 250 brake applications without damage or failure for the
part to have passed the test.
If less than 250 brake applications are completed before damage or failure
then a test should be conducted on the original part and the results compared
– if the damage or failure point is no worse than the original part then the test
is regarded as having been passed.
(a) Cracks on the friction surface which are longer than 2/3 of the axial
width of the friction surface;
(b) Cracks on the friction surface which reach the axial outer end of the
drum;
(c) Through-cracking of the drum;
friction surface.
76
Annex 11
4.2.2. Brake drum high load test

The high load test shall be conducted on the same test specimens following
the alternative dynamometer test (see paragraph 3.3. of this annex.).
4.2.2.1. Vehicles of categories M1 and N1
4.2.2.1.1. Test conditions (brake drum high load test)
4.2.2.1.2. Test program (brake drum high load test)
Table A11/4.2.2.1.2.
"Bedding-in" procedure Make 100 consecutive snub applications with

v1 = 80 km/h and v2 = 10 km/h and an initial
temperature of ≤ 100 °C.
The deceleration of the first application shall be
constant 1.5 m/s2. From the second up to the last
application the pressure shall be constant and
equivalent to the average of the first application.
The bedding should be continued until a minimum of
80 per cent lining to drum contact is achieved.
Test provision Brake drum high load test
Type of braking Single brake applications
Number of brake applications 100
Initial temperature at the ≤ 100 °C

beginning of braking
Brake torque in accordance with 10.0 m/s²

(however, brake pressure p ≤ 16,000 kPa)
Brake applications
from vmax
to 10 km/h
vmax the vmax to be used to test the replacement part is that corresponding to the
vehicle which has the highest ratio of kinetic energy to disc mass.
4.2.2.1.3. Test result (brake drum high load test)
then a test should be conducted on the original part and the results compared.
If the damage or failure point is no worse than the number of cycles of the
original part -10 per cent then the test is regarded as having been passed.
77
Annex 11
drum;
friction surface.
See above paragraph 4.2.1.2.1.
Table A11/4.2.2.2.2.
Type of braking Braking to less than 5 km/h
Total number of brake applications 150
Initial brake drum temperature at each brake ≤ 100 °C

application
Brake applications
from 60 km/h
to ≤ 5 km/h
Brake torque in accordance with a 6 m/s²
Cooling (also deviating from paragraph 3.2.3. permitted

of this annex)

The test result is positive provided the brake drum does not fracture.
78
Annex 12
Annex 12
Requirements for replacement brake discs/drums for vehicles
of category O
1. Test overview
The tests required in paragraph 5.3. of this Regulation are detailed as follows
according to the vehicle category:
Table A12/1A
Vehicles of categories O1, O2 and O3
Track test Alternative dynamometer test (Alternative to track test)
2.2.1. Type 0 3.4.1. Type 0
2.2.2. Type I 3.4.2. Type I
2.3. Parking brake system (if –

applicable)
2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional 3.5. Testing the dynamic frictional
properties (comparison test properties (comparison test
conducted on the individual axles) conducted on the individual axles)
Table A12/1B
Vehicles of categories O4
Track test Alternative dynamometer test (Alternative to track test)
2.2.1. Type 0 3.4.1. Type 0
2.2.3. Type III 3.4.3. Type III
2.3. Parking brake system (if –

applicable)
2.4. Testing the dynamic frictional 3.5. Testing the dynamic frictional
properties (comparison test properties (comparison test
conducted on the individual axles) conducted on the individual axles)
2. Verification of the vehicle test requirements

2.1. Test vehicle
A vehicle that is representative for the selected test group (see definition in
paragraph 5.3.6. of this Regulation) in respect of which an approval or parts
report for a replacement brake disc/drum is applied for shall be fitted with
this replacement brake disc/drum as well as be equipped with test devices for
testing the brakes pursuant to the provisions of Regulation No. 13.
The replacement brake disc/drum shall be fitted to the axle in question
together with an accompanying brake lining which has been type approved
according to Regulations No. 13, or 90 available from the vehicle or axle
manufacturer. Unless a uniform procedure is laid down for how braking is to
be effected, the test shall be carried out following agreement with the
Technical Service. All the tests listed below shall be carried out on brakes
that have been bedded in. The same "bedding-in" programme shall be used for
both replacement and original brake discs and drums.
79
Annex 12

2.2.1. Type 0 brake tests, vehicle laden
paragraph 1.4.4.
2.2.2. Type I brake tests
paragraph 1.5.2.
is to be satisfied pursuant to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.3.
2.2.3. Type III brake tests
paragraph 1.7.
2.3. Parking braking system (if applicable)
2.3.1. If the service brake system and the parking brake system use a common disc
or drum friction surface, it is not necessary to conduct a specific parking
brake system test. The satisfactory achievement of the Type 0 laden test shall
be taken as meeting the parking brake system requirements.
2.3.2. Static test with 18 per cent gradient, vehicle laden
2.3.3. The vehicle shall satisfy all the relevant provisions laid down in
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraphs 2.3. and 3.2. that apply to this
category of vehicle.
individual axles)
For this test, the vehicle shall be laden and all brake applications carried out
on a flat road.
The service braking system of the vehicle shall be provided with a device that
separates the front-wheel brakes from the rear-wheel brakes so that they can
always be operated independently of one another.
If an approval or a parts report is required in connection with a replacement
brake disc/drum for the front-wheel brakes, the rear-wheel brakes shall
If an approval or a parts report is required in connection with a replacement
brake disc/drum for the rear-wheel brakes, the front-wheel brakes shall
2.4.1. Performance comparison test when the brakes are cold
below.
2.4.1.1. Using the replacement brake disc/drum, at least six consecutive brake
pressures are carried out as part of the process up to the point at which the
wheels lock, or up to a mean fully developed deceleration of 3.5 m/s², or up
80
Annex 12
to the maximum control force permitted for this category of vehicle, in which
connection the initial speed for testing purposes is 45 km/h:
Prior to each brake application, the initial temperature of the brake drum shall
be ≤ 100 °C.
2.4.1.2. The brake test described in paragraph 2.4.1.1. also has to be carried out using
2.4.1.3. The dynamic frictional properties of the replacement brake disc/drum can be
regarded as similar to those of the original brake disc/drum, provided the
values attained in relation to the mean fully developed deceleration at the
same operating pressures or control forces in the region of the upper 2/3 of
the curve generated do not deviate by more than ±10 per cent or ±0.4 m/s²
from those of the original brake disc/drum.
3.1. Equipment of the dynamometer
For testing purposes, the dynamometer shall be fitted out with the original
brake caliper or wheel brake of the vehicle concerned. The inertia
dynamometer shall be equipped with a constant torque device and equipment
for recording rotational speed, brake pressure, the number of revolutions after
braking has commenced, brake torque, the braking period and the
temperature of the brake drum on a continuous basis.
3.2.1. Inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer
The inertia mass of the inertia dynamometer shall be set as close as possible,
with a permissible variation of ±5 per cent, to the theoretically required value
which corresponds to that part of the total inertia of the vehicle braked by the
appropriate wheel. The formula used for calculation purposes is as follows:
I = m ⋅ rdyn²
Where:
I = rotary inertia (kgm2);
rdyn = dynamic rolling radius of the tyre (m);
m = test mass (part of the maximum mass of the vehicle braked by
the appropriate wheel) as stipulated by this Regulation.
In calculating the inertia mass, the dynamic rolling radius (rdyn) of the largest
tyre authorised for the vehicle (or the axle) shall be taken into account.
3.2.1.2. Test mass
The test mass for calculating the inertia mass shall be as follows:
m v eh = max. permitted mass of the vehicle

0.55 ⋅ m veh
m = n = number of axles, or number of front or
2⋅n
rear-axles in the case of full trailer
81
Annex 12
3.2.2. The initial rotational speed of the dynamometer shall correspond to the linear
speed of the vehicle at 40 or 60 km/h (depending on the type of test) based on
the mean of the dynamic rolling radii of the largest and smallest tyre of the
authorised tyre sizes.
3.2.3. Cooling
The cooling may be carried out either to paragraphs 3.2.3.1. or 3.2.3.2.
3.2.3.1. Test carried out with a complete wheel according to Regulation No. 13,
Annex 11, Appendix 2, paragraph 3.2.2.
With respect to the Type I and Type III tests air cooling at a velocity and air
flow direction simulating actual conditions may be used during the heating
runs, the speed of the air flow being vAir = 0.33 v
Where:
3.2.3.2. Test carried out without a rim
With respect to the Type I and Type III tests during the heating runs no
cooling is allowed.
3.2.4. Preparation of the brake
3.2.4.1. Disc brakes
This test is conducted using a new disc with new brake lining assemblies
which have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13 or 90 (in the
3.2.4.2. Drum brakes
have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13 or 90 (if applicable,
protective grease removed).
permissible.
82
Annex 12
3.3. Alternative dynamometer performance test

Table A12/3.3.
1. Cold Bedding-in (cold burnishing):

vi = 60 km/h
3. Hot Bedding-in (Hot burnishing):

Make 30 consecutive snub applications with v1 = 60 km/h and v2 = 30 km/h
with a cycle time of 60 s starting at a brake temperature of ≤ 100 °C at the first
application. The deceleration of the first application shall be constant 3 m/s2.
From the second up to the last application the pressure shall be constant and
equivalent to the average of the first application.
4. Re-burnishing:
30 brake applications
vi = 60 km/h,
6. Brake test Type I (in the case of O2/O3), see paragraph 3.4.2. of this annex
9. Brake test Type III ((in the case of O4), see paragraph 3.4.3. of this annex

3.4.1. Brake tests Type 0, vehicle laden
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.4.4.
3.4.2. Brake tests Type I
Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.2.
is to be satisfied pursuant to Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.5.3.
83
Annex 12
3.4.3. Brake tests Type III

Regulation No. 13, Annex 4, paragraph 1.7.
individual wheel brake)
3.5.1. The test shall be carried out in accordance of Regulation No. 13, Annex 19,
paragraphs 4.4.3.1. to 4.4.3.4.
3.5.2. The brake test described in paragraph 3.5.1. also has to be carried out using
3.5.3. The dynamic frictional properties at step 2 oft the procedure of the
replacement brake disc/drum can be regarded as similar to those of the
original brake disc/drum, provided the values attained in relation to the mean
fully developed deceleration at the same operating pressures or control forces
in the region of the upper 2/3 of the curve generated do not deviate by more
than ±8 per cent or ±0.4 m/s² from those of the original brake disc/drum.
4. Integrity tests using an inertia dynamometer
The tests are conducted in accordance with paragraph 4.1. (discs) or
4.2. (drums).
A single test per test group is required unless the replacement part does not
achieve the required number of cycles before damage or failure (see
paragraph 4.1.1.1.3. or 4.1.1.2.3. of this annex).
The brake should be installed on the dynamometer in accordance with its
fitting position on the vehicle (rigidly mounted brakes or those installed by
means of a stub axle are exempt).
The temperature of the brake disc/brake drum should be measured in as close
proximity to the friction rubbing surface as possible. The temperature
measurement should be recorded and the method and measuring point shall
be the same for all tests.
If cooling air is used during a brake application or between brake applications
inside one braking cycle, the speed of the airflow at the brake shall be limited
to:
vair = 0.33 v
Where:
4.1. Brake discs
4.1.1. Brake disc thermal fatigue test
This test is conducted using a new disc with new brake lining assemblies
which have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13 or 90 (in the
84
Annex 12
4.1.1.1. Vehicles of categories O1 and O2

4.1.1.1.1. Test conditions (brake disc thermal fatigue)
3.2.1.2. of Annex 12.
4.1.1.1.2. Test program (brake disc thermal fatigue)
Table A12/4.1.1.1.2.
Vehicle categories O1, O2
Braking interval (= ttotal) 70 s
Number of brake applications per cycle 2
Brake torque in accordance with 5.0

a [m/s²]
Total number of braking cycles 100 or 150 (see paragraph 4.1.1.1.3.)
Brake applications
from 80 km/h
to 20 km/h
Initial temperature of the 1st brake application ≤ 100 °C

in each cycle
vmax maximum design speed (as per its range of use);

tbra actual braking period during the application;
tacc minimum acceleration time in accordance with the accelerating power of the respective
vehicle;
trest rest period;
ttotal Braking interval (tbra + tacc + trest).
The test is regarded as having been passed if 150 or more cycles are
completed without damage or failure.
If less than 150 cycles but more than 100 cycles are completed without
damage or failure then the test must be repeated on a new replacement part.
Under these circumstances both tests must complete more than 100 cycles
without damage or failure for the part to have passed the test.
85
Annex 12
part -10 per cent then the test is regarded as having been passed.
friction surface.
By means of the following test program, brake discs are tested as components
of the braking system. It does not imitate actual driving conditions but is
understood as being purely a component test. The parameters listed below in
Table A12/4.1.1.2.1.1. cover the brakes that are presently used as a rule on
vehicles with a maximum permitted mass > 7.5 t.
Table A12/4.1.1.2.1.1.
Test parameter Test parameter Example of equipment

Outside disc
diameter Test mass m [kg] rdyn [m] "Brake size"/smallest possible rim size
320-350 3,100 0.386 17.5"

351-390 4,500 0.445 19.5"
391-440 5,300 0.527 22.5"
*
> 440 * * –
*
Technical Service.
in conjunction with the parameters specified in the table above (test mass
and rdyn).
Table A12/4.1.1.2.1.1.
covered.
86
Annex 12

3.2.1.2. of Annex 12.
rolling radius of the tyres authorised for that vehicle.
Table A12/4.1.1.2.2.
"Bedding-in" procedure 100 Brake applications

Initial speed: 60 km/h
Final speed: 30 km/h
dm alternating between 1 m/s2 und 2 m/s2
Initial temperature: ≤ 300 °C (beginning at room
temperature)
1. Conditioned braking 10 Brake applications from 60 to 30 km/h
dm alternating between 1 m/s2 und 2 m/s2
Initial temperature : ≤ 250 °C
2. High-speed braking 2 Brake applications from 130 to 80 km/h
dm = 3 m/s2
4. High-speed braking See test stage 2
6. Continuous braking (1) 5 Brake applications

at a constant speed of: 85 km/h
Braking period 60 s
7. Conditioned braking see test stage 1
8. Continuous braking (2) 5 Brake applications

at a constant speed of: 85 km/h
Braking period 40 s
9. Repeat test stages 1 to 8: 9 or 14 times (whichever is applicable) − see
paragraph 4.1.1.2.3.
dm distance-related mean deceleration.
87
Annex 12

The test is regarded as having been passed if 15 or more cycles are completed
without damage or failure.
If less than 15 cycles but more than 10 cycles are completed without damage
or failure then the test must be repeated on a new replacement part. Under
these circumstances both tests must complete more than 10 cycles without
damage or failure for the part to have passed the test.
part then the test is regarded as having been passed.
friction surface.
The high load tests shall be conducted on the same test specimens following
on from the alternative dynamometer test (see paragraph 3.3. of this annex).
Not applicable.
See above paragraph 4.1.1.2.1.
500 brake applications are carried out from a speed of 50 km/h to 10 km/h
with a brake torque of 90 per cent of the maximum brake torque specified by
the applicant.
The test is regarded as having been passed if the brake disc does not exhibit
any signs of fracture after 500 brake applications.
4.2. Brake drums
4.2.1. Brake drum thermal fatigue test
have been type approved according to Regulation No. 13, 13-H or 90 (if
88
Annex 12

permissible.
4.2.1.1.1.1. Vehicles with a maximum permissible axle load ≤ 1,200 kg
Not applicable.
4.2.1.1.1.2. Vehicles with a maximum permissible axle load > 1,200 kg
3.2.1.2. of Annex 12.
Table A12/4.2.1.1.2.

see 4.2.1.1.3.
Brake torque set to produce a deceleration of 3.0 m/s²
Brake applications
from 130
to 80 km/h
Cooling pursuant to 3.2.3. permitted
4.2.1.1.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue test)

89
Annex 12

drum;
friction surface.
Table A12/4.2.1.2.1.1.
lining width
< 130 mm 130 -190 mm >190 mm

Inner drum Tyre Tyre Tyre
diameter radius Test mass radius radius Typical rim
Test mass Test mass
[mm] [kg] [m] [kg] [m] [kg] [m] diameter
< 330 2,750 0.402 3,200 0.390 5,500 0.402 17.5"

330-390 * * 3,400 0.480 5,500 0.516 19.5"
391-430 3,400 0.510 4,500 0.527 5,500 0.543 22.5"
> 430 * * * * * * –
*
Technical Service.
rdyn).
Table A12/4.2.1.2.1.1.
covered.
90
Annex 12

accordance with the requirements laid down paragraphs 3.2.1., 3.2.1.1. and
3.2.1.2. of Annex 12.
Table A12/4.2.1.2.2.

see 4.2.1.2.3.
Brake torque set to produce a deceleration of 3.0 m/s2
Brake applications
from 130
to 80 km/h
Cooling pursuant to paragraph 3.2.3. permitted
4.2.1.2.3. Test result (brake drum thermal fatigue test)

drum;
friction surface.
91
Annex 12
4.2.2. Brake drum high load test

The high load test shall be conducted on the same test specimens following
the alternative dynamometer test (see paragraph 3.3. of this annex.)
See paragraph 4.2.2.2.2. below.
See paragraph 4.2.2.2.3. below.
Table A12/4.2.2.2.2.
Type of braking Braking to standstill
Total number of brake applications 150
Initial temperature of the brake drum every

time the brake is operated
≤ 100 °C
Brake applications
from 60 km/h
to 0 km/h
Brake torque set to produce a deceleration of 6 m/s²
Cooling (also deviating from paragraph 3.2.3.) permitted

The test result is positive provided the brake drum does not fracture.
92
Annex 13
Annex 13
Model test report for a replacement brake disc/drum

Test Report No. … concerning the approval of a replacement brake disc/drum in
accordance to Regulation No. 90
1. General technical description of a replacement brake disc/drum 1
1.1. Applicant (name and address): ..........................................................................
1.2. Manufacturer (name and address): ....................................................................
1.3. Trade name: .......................................................................................................
1.4. Category of replacement disc/drum: Original/Identical/Equivalent/
Interchangeable1
1.5. Type of disc/drum1: ...........................................................................................
1.6. Marking:
Location of
Identification marking Method of marking
Manufacturer name
or trade name:
Approval number E2-90R02 Cxxxx/yyyy
xxxx => Type No.

yyyy => Variant No.
Indication for
traceability
Minimum thickness
(disc)/maximum
inside diameter
(drum)1
1.7. Material
1.7.1. Material group: ..................................................................................................
1.7.2. Material subgroup 2: ...........................................................................................
1
2
If applicable.
93
Annex 13
1.8. Application range

With minimum of the following information:
Part
Replacement part Original part
Variant part number part number identification code
Motor-vehicle2
Make Type of vehicle Trade name Maximum Maximum Year of

Gross weight speed manufacture
Axle for trailers2
Make Type of axle Trade name Maximum axle Range of

load dynamic tyre
radius
(largest /
smallest)
Brake
2
Position Calliper Dimensions Type of construction
Front Rear
1.9. Additional information2

2. Test Groups
2.1. Dimensions per test group
2.1.1. Outside (disc)/Inside (drum)1 diameters:............................................................
2.1.2. Thickness (disc)/Shoe width (drum)1 diameters: ...............................................
2.2. Highest ratio of kinetic energy per test group in according to paragraph 5.3.6.
of Regulation No. 90
 Ei 
Max   = .............................................................................
m 
 replacement part , i 
2.3. Disc/drum1 material per test group: ...................................................................
94
Annex 13
3. Technical data regarding the tests per test group

3.1. Vehicle test
3.1.1. Data of the test vehicle
3.1.1.1. Vehicle category: ...............................................................................................
3.1.1.2. Vehicle manufacturer: .......................................................................................
3.1.1.3. Vehicle make: ....................................................................................................
3.1.1.4. Vehicle type and trade name:.............................................................................
3.1.1.5. Vehicle identification number: ..........................................................................
3.1.1.6. Vehicle type approval No.: ................................................................................
3.1.1.7. Vehicle engine power: .......................................................................................
3.1.1.8. Speed:
Maximum vehicle speed vmax:............................................................................
3.1.1.9. Tyres: .................................................................................................................
3.1.1.10. Brake circuit configuration/Layout: ...................................................................
3.1.1.11. Test masses
Axle 1: ..............................................................................................................
Axle 2: ..............................................................................................................
Axle…: .............................................................................................................
3.1.1.12. Brake:
3.1.1.12.1. Test sample brake disc/Brake drum1:
Identification code of the original replacement part: .........................................
Test group: .........................................................................................................
Part number: ......................................................................................................
Mass of the replacement part: ............................................................................
Outside disc diameter/Inside drum diameter1: ...................................................
Radius re, effective: ............................................................................................
Friction surface width: .......................................................................................
Disc thickness (nominal)/Outside drum width1: ................................................
3.1.1.12.2. Brake calliper/Brake drum mechanism1
Manufacturer: ....................................................................................................
Type: ..................................................................................................................
Variant: ..............................................................................................................
Part number: ......................................................................................................
Method of construction: .....................................................................................
95
Annex 13
Maximum technically permissible torque Cmax,e at the brake lever

(pneumatic)/Line pressure (pmax,e) (hydraulic)1:.................................................
Threshold torque C0,e (pneumatic)/Line pressure (hydraulic)1: .........................
Ratio le/ee (pneumatic)/Piston diameter (hydraulic)1:……… / ……… .............
Maximum brake torque: ....................................................................................
3.1.1.12.3. Brake pad/Brake lining1
Manufacturer: ....................................................................................................
Make: .................................................................................................................
Type: ..................................................................................................................
Approval number2: .............................................................................................
Identification (e.g. part number): .......................................................................
Effective surface area: .......................................................................................
3.1.2. Test equipment
3.1.2.1. Deceleration: ......................................................................................................
3.1.2.2. Pressure: ............................................................................................................
3.1.2.3. Speed: ................................................................................................................
3.1.2.4. Drum/Disc temperature: ....................................................................................
3.1.3. Test track:
3.1.3.1. Location: ............................................................................................................
3.1.3.2. Surface: ..............................................................................................................
3.1.3.3. Condition (e.g. dry/wet):....................................................................................
3.2. Dynamometer test
3.2.1. Test data
3.2.1.1. Vehicle category: ...............................................................................................
Dynamic rolling radius RIner for calculating the inertia:
with respect to paragraph 3.2.1 of Annex 11/12 ................................................
Dynamic rolling radius Rveh with respect to paragraph 3.2.2 of Annex 11/12: ..
3.2.1.3. Masses and inertia
Maximum permissible mass of the vehicle: .......................................................
X-Value (front axle): .........................................................................................
Y-Value (rear axle): ...........................................................................................
Test mass m: ......................................................................................................
Test inertia IAdj: ..................................................................................................
3.2.1.4. Cooling ..............................................................................................................
3.2.1.4.1. Speed of cooling air during Type I, Type II and/or Type III1 ............................
96
Annex 13
3.2.1.4.2. Speed of cooling air in other cases:

3.2.1.5. Speed
Maximum speed vmax: ........................................................................................
3.2.1.6. Actuation device
Manufacturer: ....................................................................................................
Make: .................................................................................................................
Type: ..................................................................................................................
Variant: ..............................................................................................................
Effective area (hydraulic)/ThA − formula (pneumatic)1: ....................................
3.2.1.7. Brake
3.2.1.7.1. Test sample brake disc/Brake drum1
Identification code of the original replacement part: .........................................
Test group: .........................................................................................................
Part number: ......................................................................................................
Mass of the replacement part: ............................................................................
Outside disc diameter/Inside drum diameter1: ...................................................
Radius re, effective: ............................................................................................
Friction surface width: .......................................................................................
Disc thickness (nominal)/Outside drum width1: ................................................
3.2.1.7.2. Brake calliper/Brake drum mechanism1
Manufacturer: ....................................................................................................
Type: ..................................................................................................................
Variant: ..............................................................................................................
Method of construction: .....................................................................................
Maximum technical permissible torque Cmax,e at the brake lever
(pneumatic)/Line pressure (pmax,e) (hydraulic)1:.................................................
Threshold torque C0,e (pneumatic)/Line pressure (hydraulic)1: .........................
Ratio le/ee (pneumatic)/Piston diameter (hydraulic)1……/..… ..........................
Maximum Brake torque: ....................................................................................
Identification-No.: .............................................................................................
3.2.1.7.3. Brake pad/Brake Lining1
Manufacturer: ....................................................................................................
Make: .................................................................................................................
Type: ..................................................................................................................
Approval number2: .............................................................................................
Identification:.....................................................................................................
97
Annex 13
Width be: ............................................................................................................

Thickness de: ......................................................................................................
Surface, effective: ..............................................................................................
Method of attachment: .......................................................................................
4. Record of Test results
4.1. Geometric check: ...............................................................................................
Drawing No. and issue level: .............................................................................
4.2. Material check: ..................................................................................................
4.3. Balancing provisions check: ..............................................................................
4.4. Wear condition marking check: .........................................................................
4.5. Vehicle test/Alternative dynamometer test1:
4.5.1. Brake performance
4.5.1.1. Service brake performance in the case of categories M, N2
0 0
2
disconnected connected I
No. of sample
Annex 11, paragraph: 2.2.1./ 2.2.2./ 2.2.3./

3.4.1.1 3.4.4.1 3.4.2.1
Test speed
Initial km/h
Final km/h
Brake chamber pressure kPa

pe
Number of applications –
Duration of one brake s

cycle
Brake force 0.5 · Te daN
Braking ratio 0.5 · Te / –

9.81 · m
(m = Test mass)
Brake chamber stroke se mm
Threshold torque at the

brake lever Ce
Nm
C0,e
Nm
Free running: ...........................................................................................................................
98
Annex 13
4.5.1.2. Service brake performance in the case of categories M2, M3, N2, N32
Test type: 0 II
No. sample
Annex 11, paragraph: 2.2.1./ 2.2.4./

3.4.1.1 3.4.3.1
Test speed
Brake chamber pressure pe kPa
Duration of one brake cycle s
Brake force 0.5 · Te daN
Braking ratio 0.5 · Te / 9.81 · m –

(m = Test mass)
Threshold torque at the brake lever

Ce Nm
C0,e Nm
Free running: ...........................................................................................................................

4.5.1.3. Service brake performance in the case of categories O1, O2, O32
Test type: 0 I
No. sample
Annex 12, paragraph: 2.2.1./ 2.2.2./

3.4.1.1 3.4.2.1
Test speed
Brake force 0.5Te daN
Braking ratio 0.5Te / 9.81 · m –

(m = Test mass)
Threshold torque at the brake lever

Ce Nm
C0,e Nm
Free running: ...........................................................................................................................
99
Annex 13
4.5.1.4. Service brake performance in the case of categories O42
Test type: 0 III
No. sample
Annex 12, paragraph: 2.2.1./ 2.2.3./

3.4.1.1 3.4.3.1
Test speed
Initial km/h
Final km/h
Brake force 0.5Te daN
Braking ratio 0.5Te / 9.81 · m –

(m = Test mass)
Threshold torque at the brake

lever Ce Nm
C0,e Nm
Free running: ...........................................................................................................................

4.5.1.5. Parking brake performance2:..............................................................................
4.5.1.6. Dynamic friction properties Diagram: deceleration vs pressure
4.6. Integrity tests:
4.6.1. Thermal fatigue test:
Cycles without damage in accordance with

Annex 11: paragraphs 4.1.1.1.3./4.1.1.2.3./4.2.1.2.3.
Sample No. Annex 12: paragraphs 4.1.1.1.3./4.1.1.2.3./4.2.1.1.3./4.2.1.2.3.1
100
Annex 13
4.6.2. High load test:
Cycles without damage in accordance with

Annex 11: paragraphs 4.1.2.1.3./4.1.2.2.3./4.2.2.1.3./4.2.2.2.3.
Sample No. Annex 12: paragraphs 4.1.2.2.3./4.2.2.1.3./4.2.2.2.3.1
5. Test Documents
6. Appendices
Appendix ...........................................................................................................
7. Date of Test: ......................................................................................................
8. This test has been carried out and the results reported in accordance with
Regulation No. 90 as last amended by the 02 series of amendments.
Technical Service conducting the test
Signed: ................... Date: ..................
101

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E/ECE/324/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.3−E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.1/Add.89/Rev.

Concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled

Addendum 89: Regulation No. 90

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement brake

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of replacement

7. Modifications and extension of approval of replacement parts ................................................ 23

8 Technical prescriptions for

3. Application for approval

3.3.1.1. Diagrams showing functional dimensions of the replacement brake lining

(f) Description of the balancing measures, maximum permissible

3 Balancing provisions check x x x x

4 Wear condition marking x x x x

7 Service brake vehicle Pair Either front

Item No. Check/Test Sample Number Remarks

8 Parking brake vehicle Pair If

4 digits indicate the variant/shoe

4 digits indicate (manufacturer

1 digit (A to D) indicates the

2 digits indicate series of

Variant No. 7248

Type No. 0359

4.4. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval or withdrawal of

4.5. There shall be affixed, conspicuously and in a readily accessible place, to

5. Specifications and tests

5.1.2. Replacement discs and replacement drums conforming to the identification

Replacement brake lining assemblies and replacement drum brake linings

5.2.2.2.3. Material hardness 5

Performance tests according to Comparison test with dynamic

Original replacement parts No No No

Equivalent parts No No Dynamometer test

5.3.2. Identical brake discs/drums

M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4

Thickness variation 0.015 mm 0.030 mm

Cheek thickness variation (for

Lateral run-out friction surface 0.050 mm* 0.15 mm*

Location bore variation H9 H9

"Top hat" parallelism 0.100 mm 0.100 mm

Location face flatness 0.050 mm 0.050 mm

Friction surface roughness** 3.2 µm 3.2 µm

5.3.3.1.2. For drums the following maximum values shall be met:

M1, N1, O1, O2 M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4

Radial run-out friction surface 0.050 mm 0.100 mm

Location bore variation H9 H9

Ovality 0.040 mm 0.150 mm

Location face flatness 0.050 mm 0.050 mm

Friction surface roughness* 3.5 µm 3.5 µm

5.3.3.2. Material and metallurgical requirements

5.3.3.3. Performance requirements

(c) Surface (e.g. with or without grooves or holes);

(b) Disc thickness (original dimensions and the minimum permissible

6. Packaging and marking

7. Modifications and extension of approval of

9. Penalties for non-conformity of production

9.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws

10. Production definitively discontinued

11. Names and addresses of Technical Services

12. Transitional provisions

concerning 2: Approval granted

of a replacement brake lining assembly or replacement drum brake lining pursuant to