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CH - 1 Environmentalstudies

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21 views18 pages

CH - 1 Environmentalstudies

Uploaded by

sainiarchit55
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION

TO
ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES
Definition of Environment

Environment -French word - 'environ’ -surroundings.


 Hence, everything surrounding us -
"ENVIRONMENT".
Environmental Protection Act (1986) defined
“Environment as the sum total of water, air and land,
their interrelationship among themselves and with
the human beings, other living beings and property.”
It is a comprehensive sum of all living and non – living
things and their interactions.
Its components include biology, geology,
chemistry, physics, engineering, sociology,
health, economics, statistics, computers and
philosophy.
Environment

• Atmosphere - The atmosphere


implies the protective blanket of
gases, surrounding the earth.

• Hydrosphere - The Hydrosphere


comprises all types of water
resources oceans, seas, lakes,
rivers, streams, reservoirs, polar
icecaps, glaciers, and ground
water.

• Lithosphere - Lithosphere is the


outer mantle of the solid earth.

• Biosphere - Biosphere indicates


the realm of living organisms and
their interactions with
environment, viz atmosphere,
hydrosphere and lithosphere
Elements/Scope of
Environment

• Physical elements - space, landforms,


water bodies, soils, rocks and minerals.

• Biological elements - plants, animals,


microorganisms and men.

• Cultural elements - economic, social and


political elements are essentially
manmade features
Why I should know
Environment
• According to UNESCO (1971), the objectives of
environmental studies are:
(a)Creating the awareness about environmental
problems among people.
(b)Imparting basic knowledge about the environment
and its allied problems.
(c)Developing an attitude of concern for the
environment.
(d)Motivating public to participate in environment
protection and environment improvement.
(e)Acquiring skills to help the concerned individuals in
identifying and solving environmental problems.
(f) Striving to attain harmony with Nature.
Current Environmental
Problems
• POLLUTION

 Air Pollution.
 Water Pollution.
 Noise Pollution.
 Littering (spilling of oils in oceans)
 Soil contamination (by lead, heavy metals)
 Radioactive contamination.
 Thermal pollution.
 Visual Pollution.
Improper waste disposal

Improper Dumping of Domestic waste Sewage waste

Plastic abuse Industrial Chimney


Effects of Climate Change
Melting ice sheets  Sea level rise
• Heavy rainfall across the globe
……
Extreme drought Hurricanes

Decline in crop productivity


Rise in temperature
Adverse effects

Surface waters and aquatic animals Forests and other vegetation

Human health effects


Importance of Environmental Studies

Environmental Studies is useful in checking environmental pollution and


related solutions.

It helps in maintaining ecological balance.


It helps to gain skills to assess the environmental impact of human
activities. Environmental study will help to protect biodiversity.

It gives us basic knowledge of environment and associated problems.


It helps to achieve sustainable development .
It helps to educate people regarding their duties towards the protection
of environment.
The knowledge of environmental science will be applied to the study of
agriculture.
NATURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES
1. The Environment studies is a multi-disciplinary science because it
comprises various branches of studies like chemistry, physics,
medical science, life science, agriculture.etc.

2. It is the science of physical phenomena in the environment. It


studies about the sources, reactions, transport, effect and biological
species in the air, water, soil and the effect of from human activity
upon these.

3. This subject educates the students to appreciate the complexity of


environmental issues and citizens and experts in many fields.

4. By studying environmental science, students may develop a


methodological knowledge in the environmental fields that enables
them to facilitate the definition and solution of environmental
problems.
Components of Environment

The components of environment are broadly classified as abiotic and


biotic components.

Abiotic or non-living components of environment include all the


physical and chemical factors that influence living organisms.
Examples of abiotic components are air, water, soil, rocks, etc.

Biotic or living components are the living components of


environment and include microbes, plants, animals, and human
beings.
SCOPE OF ENVIRONMENTAL
STUDIES

Environmental studies as a subject has a wide scope. It


includes a large number of areas and aspects, which may
be summarized as follows:

Natural resources- their conservation and management


Ecology and Biodiversity
Environmental pollution and control
Human population and environment
Social issues in relation to development and environment
These are the basic aspects of environmental
studies

(i) Research and development in environment: Skilled environmental


scientists have an important role to play in examining various
environmental problems in a scientific manner and carry out R&D
activities for developing .
(ii) Green advocacy: With increasing emphasis on implementing various
Acts and Laws related to environment, need for environmental lawyers
has emerged.
(iii) Green marketing: While ensuring the quality of products with ISO
mark, now there is an increasing emphasis on marketing goods that are
environment friendly.
(iv) Green media: Environmental awareness can be spread amongst
masses through mass media like television, radio, newspaper,
magazine, hoardings, advertisements etc
(v) Environmental consultancy: Many non-government organizations,
industries and government bodies are engaging environmental
consultants for systematically studying and tackling environment related
problems.

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