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Well Performance Analysis Detailed Guide

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87 views6 pages

Well Performance Analysis Detailed Guide

well course

Uploaded by

zainulabdeen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Comprehensive Guide to Well Performance Analysis

1. Objectives of Well Performance Analysis

Well performance analysis is essential in assessing a well's


current operational state and predicting future productivity.
The objectives include:
- Maximizing Production Efficiency: Ensuring the well operates at
optimal flow rates without unnecessary loss or wastage.
- Identifying Reservoir Conditions: Understanding reservoir
characteristics, such as pressure, fluid properties, and
permeability, which can affect production.
- Diagnosing Well Problems: Detecting early signs of issues like
sand production, water breakthrough, or scaling, allowing for
timely interventions.
- Economic Forecasting: Estimating future production to assess
financial viability, plan investments, and set economic limits for
well operations.
- Improving Recovery Techniques: Determining the best
strategies for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) or heat extraction in
geothermal wells.

2. Key Components of Well Performance Analysis

A. Production Rate Analysis


- Methodology: Flow Rate Monitoring, Fluid Composition
Analysis, Indicators of Decline.
- Data Sources: Production data logs, multiphase flow meters,
and separator tests.
- Challenges: Variability in flow rates due to operational changes
and external factors.

B. Pressure-Transient Testing
- Objective: Analyze pressure responses to determine reservoir
properties and assess the well's effectiveness in delivering fluids.
- Testing Types: Build-Up and Drawdown Tests, Injection/Falloff
Tests, Step-Rate Tests.
- Key Metrics: Skin Factor, Permeability, Reservoir Boundaries.
- Challenges: Requires accurate measurements, is
time-consuming, and may interrupt production temporarily.

C. Decline Curve Analysis (DCA)


- Purpose: Forecasts well performance and remaining reserves
based on historical production trends.
- Types of Decline Models: Exponential, Harmonic, and Hyperbolic
Decline.
- Data Sources: Historical production data, well logs, and
reservoir performance indicators.
- Challenges: Inaccurate for complex reservoirs or
unconventional resources with rapid declines.

D. Nodal Analysis
- Objective: Evaluates well inflow and outflow to optimize
production rates.
- Methodology: Inflow Performance Relationship (IPR), Vertical
Lift Performance (VLP), and Intersection Point for optimal flow
rate.
- Applications: Identifying restrictions, optimizing choke settings,
and planning artificial lift.
- Challenges: Requires accurate reservoir and wellbore pressure
data.

E. Well Stimulation Evaluation


- Techniques: Hydraulic Fracturing, Acidizing, Thermal
Stimulation.
- Analysis: Pre- and Post-Stimulation Testing, Skin Factor
Reduction.
- Challenges: Can be costly and may induce formation damage if
not done properly.

F. Artificial Lift Performance


- Types of Artificial Lift: Gas Lift, Electrical Submersible Pumps
(ESP), Progressive Cavity Pumps (PCP).
- Monitoring and Optimization: Production Logs, Vibration and
Temperature Sensors.
- Challenges: Mechanical failures, cost of installation, and
operational adjustments.

G. Well Integrity Monitoring


- Objective: Ensures structural integrity and safe operations.
- Methods: Casing Inspection, Annular Pressure Monitoring,
Cement Bond Logs.
- Challenges: Integrity problems can be costly to rectify and may
require shutting in the well.

3. Advanced Analytical Techniques in Well Performance

A. Reservoir Simulation Models


- Types: Black Oil, Compositional, and Thermal Models.
- Applications: Modeling complex recovery methods, optimizing
well placement.
- Challenges: Requires computing power, and accuracy depends
on data quality.

B. Machine Learning and Data Analytics


- Applications: Pattern Recognition, Predictive Modeling.
- Techniques: Supervised learning, anomaly detection, neural
networks.
- Challenges: Data preprocessing, handling missing data, model
interpretability.

C. Real-Time Monitoring and Digital Twins


- Real-Time Data Collection: SCADA Systems, Digital Twins.
- Benefits: Immediate issue identification, operational efficiency,
and enhanced decision-making.
- Challenges: High costs, data management, cybersecurity risks.
4. Challenges in Well Performance Analysis

- Complexity in Data Integration: Combining data from different


sources (pressure, temperature, flow rate) accurately.
- Uncertain Reservoir Characteristics: Variability makes accurate
prediction difficult.
- Environmental Concerns: Monitoring well integrity to prevent
environmental damage, especially in geothermal wells.
- Operational Constraints: Balancing production rates with
reservoir conservation for sustainable recovery.

5. Applications in Different Well Types

- Conventional Oil and Gas Wells: Focus on maximizing recovery,


managing water/gas influx.
- Unconventional Wells (e.g., Shale): High initial production with
rapid decline.
- Geothermal Wells: Heat extraction efficiency, mineral scaling,
and reservoir sustainability.

Conclusion

Well performance analysis is an interdisciplinary approach


combining data analysis, engineering judgment, and real-time
monitoring.
Advances in analytics and monitoring provide deeper insights
into reservoir and well behavior, leading to optimized recovery,
extended well life, and reduced operational costs. This field is
crucial for efficient and sustainable management of oil, gas, and
geothermal resources.

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