r.;.

rT~N•T w T ~ J
[ IO/ 4 i
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VOLIVA

1
oL1 D_ '" · l ll 1[
• C ha "f o. ct er , IS t i cs C> f -s Q I i c{
1> S·bon g 1nte., mQLeCL~la'f f-o-rtes [fo-Yce..1, >> The.'< rna.l
_
2
) Fi x e d vo Iu tn <2 d_ ~ eome. rr y
, f I Ke_

~ a) Sol Id$ aYe_ r1qtd ,_In com pt£..~sib\e

:: ~) No fluid, t~ _ is -r,;,s ent -~ - - - -

: ;- CR'I-SIALLIN_'i::_ ___ - - AM.ORPHOU,S

~ 1) cleva " e_ ~ "','hen

cut w,.tn 1) - 11 - ,Qu,_g_b__lS' u_rfgc~ _
:--;: _ _ _ _ _ knif~ ~ srnoot-n _ _ is c_rentrq_ted
r
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.g LI. r fa c.e i.s
9 e. Qt_rq_te.._4 -
_. 2.) M eJJi
............
11q ~ -sho:r ~ _ 2._) Me I t-ir1 '3 I - R-a. n 9 E'.,___
;;GA po ·,n -M (1
rl x €.cl re·,
I') t
( e..9- 2..ro - '2..r I
0
_c__J _
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:-<~
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l
o~ &don

•§ - tf) o-rde:r - -~ lon9

~dJ.J
va.lu~

Tonqe. __ Lf) 1Sho-rt

_ lnot _f-ixe .d)

,ancpz -
. ~~
o,deY __ o,d~~
-!") AN l-S01R.0.E_Lc.._ _ _ _
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. --<';J
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----
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Dale
-- -
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l~Upe.1cooled I iqu iq§_)
eq . Nac l
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zn S..., Jon iu
I - I

1
e.q. q \OJ.S plCU tits
7
J J / I
b\am ond q,a Ph)t e
V
PDl~., rnQl-S Ru bb e..ys__ ~
1
r\ s~m mth 4- - PY~ () n t '1) ISL.Im n,P toU ----4- -Ab .s eri t
I
- J -
l \ e l'Y\ ~ 0±£__ e.\~ment-s -
-{-
(cs C Cenie , Ot su mme. t-r4 ~ pclyme-rs
J !-
PO$ ( P\o.ne. of ~LI mm€. h 4) ,) pol~thene. - A mb"r phol.l.,\
J ..J

I=
,\ OS Cl\x ls of ~wrn l'Y'lt i.1u1 2) PVC ~ pol~ vlny I_ A
j J
c..hl OTid€..
ClA~.SI FICAT\ON OJ: SflLIDS
3) cot.~
4) lamp
'
coa \ -A
blac k -
A 1(~C.
\)) s i C.

-
-t) -On t',e bru1~
-
() ~ Bondin9 ccar bon. tn.du m) -
Sl 11 (en cay bid.€.
cl .
10
~
1

~ ~1QLECUtA\Q .SOl If'\<: -·f Loto mpt ,) ta F-,._ - e--r~st-ql Ii ne.

~ lC)t.0 bpt.] .
'O

1 a) f o\a, ..- H(I (S)

I
• ~11
~OlicL.
a""re SOt'l:-
0 o-
.s:o lids H - Cl
01'
H- Cl
b -

► ihSU la i-O'r.s
to,ce.s ' - Di PD le, di po\~
'
Int(ro.c.t'1 on
~ - H8"r t-ll SCh. HF
I
\[ b) Non - PO\<l"f ,_
~0\1 cl; CJ2. l,S) A,
-, I 2. C..S) Ll)
, \-fa
--
I

fa1t u !- \ and~D .-fore~

f 'l a n de , w aoL 1

--Hi c., - \. -for e~ 1

-- H-bol"ld~d , _
~oUd~
H2..o
N \-!.3
,9.1
l!)
(ice. )
--+ H-.bondinq
,J

- -
HF U)

-
1,.-

~
w MTWTFSS

~
PeQ• No
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fl Delo

~ , .. 'b) - - -
-:::e--_\ --==l~O......,Ql...~_ .s..a. 0,.:...1.l~id~s_______
~ '-_:__ _ _! E\ectro&la-t: l c frn--ce.-s of a.tt.o.ction
r.:=s~ -=_ r>- Do 110 t cond ue t- ejeT_t'ricitJ ,n ~oli d -sia_~- - -
~ bu_t l onduc.l-& '1n mo \ten and °4 sta--re--
f;~- - Ho Yd t-f-t.u ~d)

f::
L__....
►
and
1-\ i 9h Mf t
B'r\ t ll e.
an d 8p r
•.

~ C..ond uc.. terrs

--► H\ n M. t and B t
~ Ma.lie.able. and buc.t'lte
--~ H.a:r-d and Ri id-

t.erne l
e..-s

(d) covalent Solids

( Ne.two,t solid!)
c_ovQtent 8ondJ

__. ~- D\omo'nd __.. Ho,cl~ t knolOn JUb-stanc~

C
-=~• Bod londuc.tcls of-

C ) l"----c__ (ex cepHon - rphi te J

•
•
 I

l. ,. . . B
II
M

11 0
r w F s

CRY~lA\ lATTlC F,
-
- - ----
"" ' -
f".. ~
" "- ~ -
Unlt Ce lL: _ ~ sru·, c. --
-- ,- i<efeatln~ unit op 0..
-
--
::;: 1=
-- ,_
- n~ slo \ l_ la.tice.

' "' '.J

'- .....
.
-
,_
- -----
-- ,- i " -
-
~ ,_
f

- ....-- -- - - ~ - --
I I
'~
- '" - .,-
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\,

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- 4
~
----
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., '
ex.. ts "( ---., \ ri tcra.x: la I
f I
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TUD f'J. 0~ uni t (pl!~

J I
I
i '
i
?1i n,it i Ve Non-Prih1itwe... / C('ntere.d L<n rt
Cell
~

- -
I,. Q
- I
• • Lat t ! t e --t tcrn ers
01 l "";
/\ It")
th~ c.e n t,e
fDt 'nts
• I (11 Body c.ent-re ( BC C)
• • •• - •: (CD ,n~ 'r-8
-

Lat tl c~ pai nt at
tor n e,s J ..- +
• . . .. - £ bodL\ t ~ntTe
•
V

- i - I
 I~ t W

r--"~ ~ - - (ii) fcce cenf"'f~ ( FCC )

- - = -ce= A
•· ll,=-',fl
0
- -- -•-===--==

@_!) End -f-oce c~n~..-~-

rnte rar fl cp:1d a.rig L€.c

i Cub ic o{_ ~~Y ~ 90° _

(-B) or t-horho mbi c a.. ~ =-; ~_. _ : _5_0_

0
-

·~ ---(_4)_ M O t) o ( Ii n i c a./b/c_
I
0( = 7: 'jOC rI :,ae

~ 6 ( -- S0°
(s) T-riclinlc.

Rhom bohe_dra I
r r;.':, ,.: II T F j
~ .-i YOU / A
U1•

~ 8rava is LQ~ti ( e..i ~ ...:.1.....:4_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ - - -

cne .+ 14 B1a Ya Is;;;,..__

la Hi re.J .

1) Primitive un el t si rn 1e. cu_bic: unit ce11 __., '3( ()

8 .
corners ___, ,n S,CC
There is .1. a-rorn -r co1neY
~ 8 atOl'Y)S' ~

--> cont-ribuUon of e.ach ~torn

= I l l atOt'() i~ I.Shared b
g
t unit ~!Is )
~
-rota. atom.'3 -- & X I
!
/ ~ I a.i om-s

1) 8CJd (E>nt red unit Ce! I ( BC C )

g oi-crns in the. (Oif'\e r-

:0 8 ?<i I ::
I QtoM
g

t
.1 a'\om '(I") bod <e_ r, t-re.
= IX I -- I Qtorn
'Tota I. =- 2. c torn~
 MTWTFSS
Page No
r - - - - - { Y O U VA
Date

------

~ ~ atom~ in co,ne., ==- ax I

8

==-- b x ) = s atom
2

) ~
--► --total z- ~ a.t-om
--------

unit cell

8 cdoms (o ,n er

8
2 atoms ih face
tent-re = 2 "
2

0) ~ -to -ta.I - 2. atom

~ _s-_) E_~e cent-r~d unit- ( e II

rM__..,,.

t> g atorns ih co,ne,

J -- - - - - - f - - - - ' !r----!.......- - lf==.,j!t;;--- - - - - - - -
~ 8 X: I = ! q tum
8
--~ 12 a~om
--- - - - -
4

~ +oto. I = Ll a+ otn~
,.
,,
'\.
~

N
- ~ ~

'~..
I.

(8 . I) {Oro pc u nd
' the._
-
e lement A o..nd 8
---- v~ " "

-It fo r rne_d bJ
J t 'r u C. tu y e
Ci~~ ta I 1i C~ i n _the cub,c ----~ w w ,e_
-A. atoms - q' ihe of cu. b~
,.
0"(€. CO'rne"l·s
8 a to rn. s a.. , e. - -
q_ l tt'1.Q. cent"fe Of 8odt ....
formula of corn pound is
- ii
~ .i-o.r AB (b ') AB ~ (C.) A2B~ d) ~ B~ ,.-
-- .
~ . 2.) An A. 11 Olf J'tlv ~ r- ond
. op qc'c( l (u - -ft9 -,, ~~)~
(.C!>t> p ~.
I I ~
I
'IS f-nund to ho.ve.. co P P ea t oh s tH-l ti ri 9 ...
- I I

cc p Lattice. _____. t=cc J""f' '9 flv e r -aMrn s occu.p'-1J . I

'11111

'11111

t°riQp (Pnt,e.J ClY') d a. 0 td a. +o rn5 Q "r ~ pl ~ ~ !"\ /- ~

qt J Bod4 t e.n ~Te

J
. ~
.
-., (a) C.u 4 ~~ lr-w lb) Cu4 Aq Lt -A t.(
J

~ (u 4 ~ ~ A-u. (_d) Cu.NJ 11.w I

J
j

~
v
. 3) In Cl. Fa_ce cent,e.d (Ltbic a ,.-o. nq,e_..m~
u
nt
of A a.nd 8 a-t-o rn.! -
~ -ltromg or A ,,' ~+ c.01ne_n 0~ un it (eI J
- .,
-It-torn.~
one Df tne. Q1Cmg or
0~ g -
--- a. f -to ( e_
a. 'I S
c. "€ n r Ye_
misJ\nq horn
J
I of- the Corn~r 0 f ce. ! I
➔ a) -Ii. 7 Br; bJ AB~
,,
~A7 B 2.21 d_) ~ 1/R Bs
. -to .see d-he s im.ples-1- forrl'
"
. You. h!).)J€,
poss, .ble Wf\~ cr,,e.. op~·~.·
I
I ~