Due date: 08.11.2024 1. What is a distance relay? How are directional features added with overcurrent relays? Why is it required? 2. What is the universal torque equation? Using this equation, derive the following characteristics: a) Impedance relay b) Reactance relay c) Mho relay. Draw the characteristics and indicate clearly the zone of operation and no-operation 3. Describe the construction and working of a Buchholz relay. 4. Explain and differentiate between the double bus double breaker system and the main and transfer bus system. Draw the arrangements for the same. 5. Explain the working principle of df/dt relay 6. How will you protect an alternator from turn-to-turn fault on the same phase winding ? 7. Derive an expression for fault current for line-to-line fault by symmetrical components method. 8. What do you understand by sequence networks ? What is their importance in unsymmetrical fault calculations? 9. Derive an expression for fault current and Phase voltages at fault for single line-to- ground fault by symmetrical components method. 10. "Explain the different types of bus bar arrangements used in power systems and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration."