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ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

3.7 AIRCRAFT PARKING

Aircraft Parking Area, also known as airport apron, is the area of an airport
where the aircrafts are parked, loaded, unloaded, refueled or boarded. It is a restricted
area where access is controlled, there are 6 types of apron namely Simple, Linear,
Curvilinear, Open, Pier and Satellite.

LINEAR

Advantages:

1. Offers ease of access and short walking distances for passengers from the transit
area to the aircraft contact gates
2. Terminal can be expanded further by extending the current terminal linearly or
developing another linear terminal with connectors

CURVILINEAR

CE8702 RAILWAYS, AIRPORTS, DOCKS AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Advantages:

1. Simple organisational principles


2. Allows future expansion of terminal
3. Allow more aircraft to park "nose-in" to the terminal building while maintaining
short walking distances from the airport entrance to the aircraft gate

The apron and gate system

The apron and gates are the locations at which aircraft park to allow the
loading and unloading of passengers and cargo, as well as for aircraft servicing and
preflight preparation prior to entering the airfield and airspace.

The size of aircraft, particularly their lengths and wingspans, is


perhaps the single greates t dete rmina nt o f the area re q uired for
ind ivid ua l gates a nd apro n parking spaces. In fact, the grand size of airport
terminals is a direct result of large numbers of gates designed to accommodate
aircraft of wingspans reaching 200 feet in le ngth.

The size of any given aircraft parking area is also determined b y


the orientation in which the aircraft will park, known as the aircraft parking type.
Aircraft may be positioned at various angles with respect to the terminal
building, may be attached to loading bridges or Jet-ways, or may be freestanding and
adjoined with airstairs for passenger boarding and deplaning. Some aircraft
parking types require aircraft to be maneuvered either in or out of their parking
spaces by the use of aircraft tugs, whereas other parking types allow the movement
of aircraft in and out under their own power.

The five major aircraft parking types are nose-in parking, angled nose-in,
angled nose-out, parallel parking, and remote parking. Most large jet aircraft at
commercial service airports park nose-in to gates at the terminal and connect directly
to the terminal building by loading bridges.

Aircraft are able to enter nose-in parking spaces under their own power,
and tend to be pushed out by an aircraft tug and oriented so that they may

CE8702 RAILWAYS, AIRPORTS, DOCKS AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

move forward on the apron without coming into contact with any other
structures. The primary advantage to nose-in parking is that it requires less
physical space for aircraft than any other aircraft parking type. The majority of
commercial service airports, particularly those with large volumes of jet aircraft
operations, have primarily nose-in parking.

With nose-in pa rk ing, o nly the fro nt-e ntry do or o n the a ircra ft is
use d for boa rd ing, because the rear doors are typically too far from the
terminal building to extend a lo a d i n g b r id g e . T h is h a s s o me , b u t n o t a n
e n t ir e ly s ig n i f ic a n t , i mp a c t o n th e efficiency of passenger boarding and
deplaning.

Angled nose-in parking brings aircraft as close to the terminal


building as possible while maintaining enough maneuvering room so that
aircraft may exit the parking space under its own power. Angled nose-in
parking is typically used by smaller aircraft, such as turboprops or small regional
jets.

Parallel parking is s a id t o b e the e a s ie s t t o a c hie ve f r o m


a n a i r c r a f t maneuvering standpoint, although each space tends to require the
largest amount of physical space for a given size of aircraft. In this
configuration, both front and aft doors of the aircraft on a given side may be used
for passenger boarding by loading bridges.

Nose-in parking

Nose in parking.

A parking position near the terminal building as shown in the illustration. Normal
ly, aircraft park in this position under their own power but they have to be towed back f

CE8702 RAILWAYS, AIRPORTS, DOCKS AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING


ROHINI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

or starting and taxiing out. Many operators, when authorized by their regulatory authorit
y, can be “powered back” using the airplane power plant and reverse thrust.

Angled nose-in brings aircraft as close to the terminal building as possible while
maintaining enough maneuvering room so that aircraft may exit the parking space
under its own power.

Angled nose-in parking is typically used by smaller aircraft, such as turboprops


or small regional jets.

Aangled nose-out brings aircraft slightly farther from the terminal building
than nose-in and angled nose- in parking, because the blast from jets or large
propellers has the potential of causing damage to terminal buildings if too close to the
facility.

CE8702 RAILWAYS, AIRPORTS, DOCKS AND HARBOUR ENGINEERING

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