SET & RELATION

Preface

As you have gone through the theory part that consists of given fundamental
principles, definitions, concepts involved and solved problems. After going through
theory part it becomes necessary to solve the unsolved problems based on the
concepts given. To solve this purpose we are providing level part that comprises of
various levels based on the theory. By solving various kinds of problems you can
check your grasp on the topic and can determine whether you have been able to
find optimum depth in relevant topic or not.
Students are advised to solve the questions of exercises
(Levels # 1, 2, 3, 4) in the same sequence or as directed by the faculty
members, religiously and very carefully.
Level # 3 is not for foundation course students, it will be discussed in
fresher or target courses.

The list of exercises is as following :

Total No. of questions in Set & Relation are-

Level # 1 . ................................................... 39
Level # 2 . ................................................... 22
Total No. of questions ......................................... 61

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 LEVEL # 1
Sets Q.11 Two finite sets have m and n elements
respectively. The total number of subsets of first
Q.1 Which of the following statements is true for set is 56 more than the total number of subsets
sets - of the second set. The values of m and n
(A) a collection of well defined objects respectively are -
(B) a collection of objects (A) 7, 6 (B) 6, 3
(C) a collection of well defined objects which (C) 5, 1 (D) 8, 7
are distinct and distinguishable
(D) All of the above Q.12 If A = {x | x/2  Z, 0 x  10},
B = {x | x is one digit prime}
Q.2 The set {x : x  N, x is prime and 3 < x < 5} is-
C = {x | x/3  N, x  12},
(A) { 4 } (B) { 3, 5 }
Then A  (B  C) is equal to -
(C) Void (D) Non – Void
(A) {2, 6} (B) {3, 6, 12}
Q.3 A = {a, e, i, o, u}and B = {i, o} then the true (C) {2, 6, 12} (D) {6, 8}
statement is -
(A) A  B (B) B  A Q.13 If n(A) = 10, n(B) = 15 and n(A  B) = x, then -
(C) A  B (D) A is equivalent B (A) 15 < x < 25 (B) 15 x  25
Q.4 A set is defined as A = {x : x is irrational and 0.1 (C) 5  x  15 (D) None of these
< x < 0. 101} then : Q.14 Among 1000 families of a city, 40% read
(A) A is null set (B) A is finite set newspaper A, 20% read newspaper B, 10% read
(C) A is infinite set (D) none newspaper C, 5% read both A and B, 3% read
Q.5 Which of the following is a singleton Set - both B and C, 4% read A and C and 2% read
(A)  (B) { } all three newspapers. The number of families
which read only newspaper A is -
(C) {2, 3} (D) {}
(A) 140 (B) 290
Q.6 If A = {, {}}, then the power set of A is - (C) 330 (D) 340
(A) A (B) {{}, A} Q.15 If for three disjoint sets A, B, C; n(A) = 10, n(B) = 6
(C) {{},{{}}, A} (D) none and n(C) = 5, then n(A B  C) is equal to -

Q.7 
If A = x | x 2  4  and B = x | x2

 5x  6  0
(A) 21
(C) 1
(B) 11
(D) 9
then A  B
(A) {2, 3} (B) {–2, 3} Q.16 If A and B are disjoint, then n(A  B) is equal to-
(C) {2, –3} (D) {–2, 2, 3} (A) n(A) (B) n(B)
(C) n(A) + n(B) (D) n(A).n(B)
Q.8 Given the sets A = {1,2,3}, B = {3,4},
C = {4,5,6}, then A (B  C) is - Q.17 If X and Y are two sets, then X (Y X)c equals-
(A) {3} (B) {1,2,3,4} (A) X (B) Y
(C) {1,2,4,5} (D) {1,2,3,4,5,6} (C)  (D) none
Q.9 If Na = {a n : n  N}, then N6  N8 =
Q.18 Let n (U) = 700, n(A) = 200, n(B) = 300 and
(A) N6 (B) N8
n(A B) = 100, then n(Ac Bc) is -
(C) N24 (D) N44
(A) 400 (B) 600
Q.10 Which of the following is the empty set ? (C) 300 (D) 200
(A) {x : x  R and x2 + x + 1 = 0}
(B) {x : x  R and x2 – x + 1 = 0} Q.19 The set (A Bc)c  (B  C) is equal to -
(C) {x : x  R and x2 + 2x + 1  0} (A) A B C (B) Ac B
(D) {x : x  R and x2 – 2x + 1  0} (C) A B
c c
(D) none

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Q.20 Sets A and B have 3 and 6 elements Q.27 Let R be a relation on the set N of natural
respectively. What can be the minimum number numbers defined by nRm  n is a factor of m
of elements in A B ? (i.e. n | m). Then R is -
(A) Reflexive and symmetric
(A) 3 (B) 6
(B) Transitive and symmetric
(C) 9 (D) 18
(C) Equivalence
Q.21 In a class of 100 students, 55 students have (D) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric
passed in Mathematics and 67 students have
passed in physics, no student fails. Then the Q.28 If R is a relation from a finite set A having m
number of students who have passed in Physics elements to a finite set B having n elements,
only is- then the number of relations from A to B is-
(A) 22 (B) 33 (C) 10 (D) 45 (A) 2mn (B) 2mn – 1
(C) 2mn (D) mn
Q.22 Let X = {1,2,3,4,5,6} be an universal set. Sets
A,B,C in the universal set X be defined by Q.29 Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a
A = {1,2,3},B = {2,4,5} & C = {3,4,5,6}. Then- plane. Let a relation R be defined by
 R     , ,   L. Then R is -
(A) A–B = {4,5}
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
(B) (A–B) (B–A) = {1,3,4,5}
(C) Transitive (D) None of these
(C) (A–B)– C = {1}
(D) A  C = {1,2} Q.30 Two points A and B in a plane are related if
OA = OB, where O is a fixed point. This relation is -
Q.23 If A, B and C are any three sets, then (A) Reflexive but not symmetric
A × (B  C) is -
(B) Symmetric but not transitive
(A) (A × B) (A × C) (C) An equivalence relation
(B) (A  B) ×(A  C) (D) None of these
(C) (A × B)(A × C)
(D) none of these Q.31 The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2),
(2, 3), (1, 3)} on the set A = {1, 2, 3} is -
Q.24 If A, B and C are any three sets, then (A) Reflexive but not symmetric
A×(B  C) is - (B) Reflexive but not transitive
(A) (A × B) (A × C) (C) Symmetric and transitive
(B) (A × B) (A × C) (D) Neither symmetric nor transitive
(C) (A  B)×(A  C)
Q.32 Let A be the set of all children in the world and
(D) (A  B)×(A  C)
R be a relation in A defined by x R y if x and y
Q.25 Let A = {a, b, c, d}, B = {b, c, d, e}. Then have same sex. Then R is –
n[(A × B) (B × A)] is equal to - (A) Not reflexive
(A) 3 (B) 6 (B) Not symmetric
(C) 9 (D) none (C) Not transitive
(D) An equivalence relation

Q.33 Let A = {2, 3, 4, 5} and let

Relation
R = {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (2, 3), (3, 2),
Q.26 In the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, a relation R is (3, 5), (5, 3)} be a relation on A. Then R is -
defined by R = {(x, y) | x, y  A and x < y}. Then (A) Reflexive and transitive
R is - (B) Reflexive and symmetric
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric (C) An equivalence relation
(C) Transitive (D) None of these (D) None of these

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Q.34 Let L be the set of all straight lines in the Q.37 Let a relation ‘R’ is define on ‘Z’ set of integers
xy-plane. Two lines 1 and 2 are said to be such that a R b  a is divisible by b then ‘R’ is-
related by the relation R if 1 is parallel to 2. (A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
Then the relation R is -
(C) Transitive (D) Equivalence relation
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
(C) Transitive (D) Equivalence
Q.38 Let R :  , where  is set of all triangles
such that 1 R 2  1 is congruent to 2
Q.35 Given the relation R = {(2, 3), (3,4)} on the set
then ‘R’ is-
{2, 3, 4}. The number of minimum number of
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
ordered pairs to be added to R so that R is
reflexive and symmetric – (C) Transitive (D) Equivalence relation
(A) 4 (B) 5
(C) 7 (D) 6 Q.39 Let R : A  A, A is set of all children in a family
such that x R y  x is brother of ‘y’
Q.36 The minimum number of elements that must be (where x, y  A), then R is-
added to the relation R = {(1, 2), (2, 3)} on the (A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
set {1,2,3}, so that it is equivalence is- (C) Transitive (D) Equivalence relation
(A) 4 (B) 7
(C) 6 (D) 5

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 LEVEL # 2
Q.1 Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, and let R = {(2, 2), (3, 3), Q.9 The relation R defined in A = {1, 2, 3} by aRb
(4, 4), (1, 2)} be a relation on A. Then R is- if |a2 – b2|  5. Which of the following is false
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric (A) R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (2, 1), (1, 2),
(C) Transitive (D) None of these (2, 3), (3, 2)}
Q.2 The void relation on a set A is - (B) R–1 = R
(A) Reflexive (C) Domain of R = {1, 2, 3}
(B) Symmetric and transitive (D) Range of R = {5}
(C) Reflexive and symmetric
(D) Reflexive and transitive Q.10 The relation R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3), (1, 2),
(2, 3), (1, 3)} on the set A = {1, 2, 3} is -
Q.3 Let R be a relation on the set N of natural
(A) Reflexive but not symmetric
numbers defined by nRm  n is a factor of
m (i.e. n | m). Then R is - (B) Reflexive but not transitive
(A) Reflexive and symmetric (C) Symmetric and transitive
(B) Transitive and symmetric (D) Neither symmetric nor transitive
(C) Equivalence
(D) Reflexive, transitive but not symmetric Q.11 Let a relation R in the set N of natural
Q.4 For real numbers x and y, we write x R y  numbers be defined as (x, y)  R if and only
if x2 – 4xy + 3y2 = 0 for all x, y  N. The
x – y + 2 is an irrational number. Then the relation R is -
relation R is -
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
(A) Reflexive (B) Symmetric
(C) Transitive
(C) Transitive (D) None of these
(D) An equivalence relation
Q.5 Let X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and Y = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}.
Which of the following is/are relations from
X to Y - Q.12 Let A = {2, 3, 4, 5} and let
(A) R1 = {(x, y) | y = 2 + x, x  X, y  Y} R = {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (5, 5), (2, 3), (3, 2),
(B) R2 = {(1, 1), (2, 1), (3, 3), (4, 3), (5, 5)} (3, 5), (5, 3)} be a relation in A. Then R is -
(C) R3 = {(1, 1), (1, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7), (5, 7)} (A) Reflexive and transitive
(D) R4 = {(1, 3), (2, 5), (2, 4), (7, 9)} (B) Reflexive and symmetric
Q.6 Let R be a relation defined in the set of real (C) Reflexive and antisymmetric
numbers by a R b  1 + ab > 0. Then R is- (D) None of these
(A) Equivalence relation
(B) Transitive Q.13 If A = {2, 3} and B = {1, 2}, then A × B is
(C) Symmetric equal to -
(D) Anti-symmetric
(A) {(2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 1), (3, 2)}
Q.7 Which one of the following relations on R is (B) {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 3)}
equivalence relation - (C) {(2, 1), (3, 2)}
(A) x R1y  |x| = |y| (B) x R2y  x  y (D) {(1, 2), (2, 3)}
(C) x R3y  x | y (D) x R4y  x < y
Q.14 Let R {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12) (6, 12)
Q.8 Let R be a relation in N defined by
(3, 9) (3, 12), (3, 6)} be a relation on the set
R = {(1+x, 1+x2) : x  5, x  N}. Which of
A = {3, 6, 9, 12}. The relation is -
the following is false -
(A) R = {(2, 2), (3, 5), (4, 10), (5, 17), (6, 25)} (A) An equivalence relation
(B) Domain of R = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} (B) Reflexive and symmetric only
(C) Range of R = {2, 5, 10, 17, 26} (C) Reflexive and transitive only
(D) None of these (D) Reflexive only
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Q.15 Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1)} Q.20 Let W denote the words in the English dictio-
be a relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The nary. Define the relation R by :R = {(x, y)  W ×
relation R is - W | the words x and y have at least one letter
(A) Reflexive (B) Transitive in common}. Then R is – [AIEEE 2006]
(C) Not symmetric (D) A function (A) reflexive, symmetric and not transitive
(B) reflexive, symmetric and transitive
Q.16 Let N denote the set of all natural numbers (C) reflexive, not symmetric and transitive
and R be the relation on N×N defined by (D) not reflexive, symmetric and transitive
(a, b) R (c, d) if ad (b + c) = bc (a + d), then R is-
(A) Symmetric only
Q.21 Let R be the real line. Consider the following
(B) Reflexive only
subsets of the plane R × R :
(C) Transitive only
S = {(x, y): y = x + 1 and 0 < x < 2}
(D) An equivalence relation
T = {(x, y) : x – y is an integer}.

Q.17 If A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {1, 4, 6, 9} and R is a Which one of the following is true ?
relation from A to B defined by 'x is greater [AIEEE 2008]
than y'. The range of R is - (A) Both S and T are equivalence relations on R
(A) {1, 4, 6, 9} (B) S is an equivalence relation on R but T is not
(B) {4, 6, 9} (C) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not
(C) {1} (D) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on R
(D) None of these

Q.18 Let R = {(1, 3), (4, 2), (2, 4), (2, 3), (3, 1)} be a Q.22 If A, B and C are three sets such that
releation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The relation R is - A  B = A  C and A  B = A  C, then -
[AIEEE-2004]
[AIEEE 2009]
(A) transitive (B) not symmetric
(C) reflexive (D) a function (A) A = B (B) A = C
(C) B = C (D) A  B = 
Q.19 Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12),
(3, 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)}, be relation on the set
A = {3, 6, 9, 12} . The relation is - [AIEEE-2005]
(A) reflexive and transitive only
(B) reflexive only
(C) an equilvalence relation
(D) reflexive and symmetric only

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 ANSWER KEY
LEVEL # 1
Que s. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C C B C D C D B C A,B B A B C A C C C B B
Que s. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Ans. D B,C,D A B C C D A B C A D B D B B C D C

LEVEL # 2
Que s. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C B D A A,B,C C A A D A A B A C C D C D A A
Que s. 21 22
Ans. C C

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