SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Simple Present Tense is used to express daily activities and habits, also routine activities and
facts or realities at present time. It also tells activities as schedules or time tables in the
future.

FORMULA:

VERBAL SENTENCES
SUBJECT + VERB I + OBJECT + ADVERB (+)
DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB I + OBJECT + ADVERB (?)
SUBJECT + DO/DOES + NOT + VERB I + OBJECT + ADVERB (-)

Examples:

The children play soccer every Saturday (+)

Do they play soccer every Saturday (?)
No, they do not play soccer every Saturday (-)

I watch TV every night (+)

Do you watch TV every night (?)
No. I do not watch TV every night (-)

The bank opens at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. (+)

Does the bank open at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning (?)
No, the bank does not open at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. (-)

When the subjects: SHE, HE, or IT, the formula as follows:

The following formulas are implemented only in positive sentences.

A. SHE, HE, IT + VERB I + S

Examples:
Tom likes sports
Rooney reads newspaper every morning
My father walks in the garden every morning
 B. SHE, HE, IT + VERB I + ES (When the verbs end in: SS, O, X, SH, TCH)

Examples:
My son passes a health clinic building every morning towards his school.
The woman goes to her office at 6 o’clock every morning.
The girl brushes her teeth every night before going to bed.
My little boy watches TV every morning.
The secretary faxes letters and documents every day.

C. SHE, HE, IT + IES ( When verbs end in Y before Y there are consonants,
change Y into I+ES. Ex: Study Studies, Fly Flies, etc)

FORMULA NON VERBAL SENTENCES

SUBJECT + BE (AM, IS, ARE) + ADJECTIVE/ NOUN (+)

BE (AM, IS, ARE) + SUBJECT + ADJECTIVE/ NOUN (?)
SUBJECT + BE (AM, IS, ARE) + NOT + ADJECTIVE/ NOUN (-)

I AM
SHE, HE, IT IS
WE, YOU, THEY ARE

Examples:

1. The teacher is from England. (+)

Is the teacher from England? (?)
No, the teacher is not from England. (-)
2. I am an English lecturer. (+)
Are you an English lecturer? (?)
No, I am not an English lecturer. (-)
3. My friends are happy. (+)
Are my friends happy? (?)
No, my friends are not happy. (-)

Exercises
Make 20 sentences using Simple Present Tense in verbal and non verbal sentences. Make
sentences based on your facts or realities regarding your daily activities or habits and routine
activities also activities as schedules or timetables in the future.
WRITING

VERBAL SENTENCES
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________

NON VERBAL SENTENCES

1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________

SPEAKING

Tell activities as your daily activities or daily habits and your routine activities and facts or
realities at present also activities as schedules or timetables in the future by using the following
vocabularies!

Example:

Let me tell about my daily activities, I always get up at around 4.30 every morning. I usually eat
breakfast at about 5.30 and I leave for my office at 6 o’clock. I always arrive at my office around
7.30. At my office I start working at 8 o’clock until 12 o’clock. I have recess from 12 to 1 PM.
During break I usually eat lunch with salad, fish, chilly sauce, sometimes meat, fried chicken.
I go home at 4.30 PM and usually arrive at home around 6 o’clock.
Vocabulary

Anniversary (n) = ___________ birthday (n) = ___________

Bridal shower (n) = ___________ fireworks (n) = ___________
New Year’s Eve (n) = ___________ Valentine’s Day = ___________
Dress up (v) = ___________ hold (v) = ___________
Newlywed (n) = ___________ receive (v) = ___________
Knock (v) = ___________ serve (v) = ___________
Engagement (n) = ___________ wedding reception (n) = _________
Fall (n) / (v) = ___________ spring (n) = ___________
Summer (n) = ___________ winter (n) = ___________
Champagne (n) = ___________ exchange (v) = ___________
Expose (v) = ___________ create (v) = ___________
Research (n) / (v) = ___________ make sure (v) = ___________
Get on (v) = ___________ access (v) = ___________
Connect (v) = ___________ medical school (n) = ___________
Communicate (v) = ___________ spill (v) = ___________
Drop (v) = ___________ task (n) = ___________
Hair dryer (n) = ___________ fragile (adj) = ___________
Extreme (adj) = ___________ encyclopedia (n) = ___________
Garbage (n) = ___________ groceries (n) = ___________
Pick up (v) = ___________ probably (adv) = ___________
Temple (n) = ___________ traveler’s check (n) = ___________
Expedition (n) = ___________ weather (n) = ___________
Luggage (n) = ___________ excited (adj) = ___________
Alone (adj) = ___________ warm (adj) = ___________
Condominium (n) = ___________ passport (n) = ___________
Afford (v) = ___________ mind (n) / (v) = ___________
 PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense is used for activities which are taking place at the time of speaking
right now or activities which are happening in this week, month, term, semester, or year.
Present Continuous Tense is also used for activities in the future as planned events or definite
intentions.

FORMULA
SUBJECT + BE (AM, IS, ARE) +VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (+)
BE (AM, IS, ARE) +SUBJECT + VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (?)
SUBJECT + BE (AM, IS, ARE) + NOT + VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (-)

EXAMPLES:

1. Student are studying English now (+)

Are they are studying English now (?)
Student are not studying English now (-)

2. The lecturer is conducting a research this semester (+)

Is the lecturer conducting a research this semester (?)
The lecturer is not conducting a research this semester (-)

3. I am meeting a dentist tomorrow afternoon (+)

Are you meeting a dentist tomorrow afternoon (?)
I am not meeting a dentist tomorrow afternoon (-)

Exercises
Make 20 sentences using Present Continuous Tense in verbal sentences. Make sentences based
on your facts or realities regarding your present activities.

WRITING
VERBAL SENTENCES
1___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
 11. ___________________________________________________________________
12. ___________________________________________________________________
13. ___________________________________________________________________
14. ___________________________________________________________________
15. ___________________________________________________________________
16. ___________________________________________________________________
17. ___________________________________________________________________
18. ___________________________________________________________________
19. ___________________________________________________________________
20. ___________________________________________________________________
21. ___________________________________________________________________

SPEAKING
Tell your activities or other people’s activities: your sister, brother, best friends regarding the
present activities by using Present Continuous Tense and also the following vocabularies!

Vocabulary
A trip (n) = ____________ a vacation (n) = ___________
Housework (n) = ____________ a play (n) = ___________
A lot of fun (n) = ____________ an art exhibition (n) = ___________
Spend (v) = ____________ relax (v) = ___________
Snorkeling (n) = ____________ scuba diving (n) = ___________
Raft (n) = ____________ hiking (n) = ___________
An excursion (n) = ____________ do (v) = ___________
Karate (n) = ____________ jogging (n) = ___________
A picnic (n) = ____________ a countryside (n) = ___________
Sailing (n) = ____________ hunting (n) = ___________
Fishing (n) = ____________ water skiing (n) = ___________
Climb (v) = ____________ mountain (n) = ___________
Grow up (v) = ____________ move (v) = ___________
Used to (v) = ____________ graduate (v) = ___________
Become (v) = ____________ traffic jam (n) = ___________
Catch (v) = ____________ a train (n) = ___________
Build (v) = ____________ subway (n) = ___________
Pedestrian (n) = ____________ improve (v) = ___________
Dance club (n) = ____________ throw out (v) = ___________
Originally (adv) = ____________ collect (v) = ___________
Newsstand (n) = ____________ restroom (n) = ___________
Leisure (n) = ____________ appearance (n) = ___________
Snack (n) = ____________ recipe (n) = ___________
Chores (n) = ____________ neighborhood (n) = ___________
Convenient (adj) = ____________ safe (adj) = ___________
 PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Present Perfect Tense is used to tell activities have or have not completed until present time or
activities started in the past and continued to present time or now.

FORMULA OF VERBAL SENTENCES

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + V III + OBJECT + ADVERB (+)

HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + V III + OBJECT + ADVERB (?)
SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + NOT + V III + OBJECT + ADVERB (-)

EXAMPLES:

1. I have gone to Singapore (+)

Have you gone to Singapore (?)
I have not gone to Singapore (-)

2. Jim has fallen in love (+)

Has he fallen in love (?)
Jim has not fallen in love (-)

3. We have lived in Jakarta for fifteen years (+)

Have we lived in Jakarta for fifteen years (?)
We have not lived in Jakarta for fifteen years (-)

FORMULA OF NON VERBAL SENTENCES

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + BEEN + ADJECTIVE / NOUN (+)

HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + BEEN + ADJECTIVE / NOUN (?)
SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + NOT + BEEN + ADJECTIVE / NOUN (-)

EXAMPLES:

I have been a lecturer for twenty years (+)

Have you been a lecturer for twenty years (?)
I have not been a lecturer for ten years (-)

My grandfather has been retired for twelve years (+)

Has he been retired for twelve years (?)
He has not been retired for ten years (-)
Exercises
Make 20 sentences using Present Perfect Tense in verbal sentences. Make sentences based on
your facts or realities regarding your present activities.

WRITING
VERBAL SENTENCES

1___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
11. ___________________________________________________________________
12. ___________________________________________________________________
13. ___________________________________________________________________
14. ___________________________________________________________________
15. ___________________________________________________________________
16. ___________________________________________________________________
17. ___________________________________________________________________
18. ___________________________________________________________________

SPEAKING

Tell your activities or other people’s activities: your sister, brother, best friends regarding the
present activities by using Present Perfect Tense and also the following vocabularies!
Vocabulary

Delicious (adj) = ____________ out of the world (adj) = ____________

Spicy (adj) = ____________ terrible (adj) = ______________
Interesting (adj) = ____________ bad (adj) = ______________
Humorous (adj) = ____________ romantic (adj) = ______________
Exciting (adj) = ____________ relaxing (adj) = ______________
Enjoyable (adj) = ____________ champagne (n) = ______________
Fireworks (n) = ____________ firecrackers (n) = ______________
Parade (n) = ____________ honeymoon (n) = ______________
Detest (v) = ____________ prefer (v) = ______________
Comedy (n) = ____________ western (adj) = ______________
Science fiction (n) = ____________ true story (adj) /(n) = ______________
Adventure (n) / (adj) = ___________ cartoon (n) / (adj) = ______________
Sitcom (n) = ____________ love story (n) / (adj) = _____________
Mysterious (adj) = ____________ horror (n) = ______________
Fast food (n) = ____________ Chinese food (n) = ______________
Japanese food (n) = ____________ Italian food (n)= ______________
Western food (n) = ____________ Mexican food (n) = ______________
Sundanese food (n) = ____________ Javanese food (n) = ______________
French food (n) = ____________ Indonesian food (n) = ______________
Apple (n) = ____________ orange (n) = ______________
Strawberry (n) = ____________ pineapple (n) = ______________
Cherry (n) = ____________ grapes (n) = ______________
Coke (n) = ____________ Sprite (n) = ______________
Milk (n) = ____________ tea (n) = ______________
Coffee (n) = ____________ spinach (n) = ______________
Vegetables (n) = ____________ cabbage (n) = ______________
Broccoli (n) = ____________ celery (n) = ______________
Bean sprout (n) = ____________ fried chicken = ______________
Fried rice (n) = ____________ Pizza (n) = ______________
Soup (n) = ____________ Spaghetti (n) = ______________
 PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Tense is used for activities which started in the past and continued at present
time and the activities have been done recently or lately. The duration of the activities started
and continued at certain time until present is emphasized.

FORMULA

SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (+)

HAVE/HAS + SUBJECT + BEEN + VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (?)
SUBJECT + HAVE/HAS + NOT + BEEN + VERB + ING + OBJECT + ADVERB (-)

EXAMPLES:

1. I have been teaching English for 20 years (+)

Have you been teaching English for 20 years (?)
I have not been teaching English for 20 years (-)

2. My friends have been living in Jakarta since they were born (+)
Have they been living in Jakarta since they were born (?)
They have not been living in Jakarta since they were born (-)

Exercises
Make 20 sentences using Present Perfect Continuous Tense in verbal sentences. Make
sentences based on your facts or realities regarding your present activities.

WRITING
VERBAL SENTENCES
1___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
1. ___________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________________________________
6. ___________________________________________________________________
7. ___________________________________________________________________
8. ___________________________________________________________________
9. ___________________________________________________________________
10. ___________________________________________________________________
 11. ___________________________________________________________________
12. ___________________________________________________________________
13. ___________________________________________________________________
14. ___________________________________________________________________
15. ___________________________________________________________________
16. ___________________________________________________________________
17. ___________________________________________________________________
18. ___________________________________________________________________

SPEAKING
Tell your activities or other people’s activities: your sister, brother, best friends regarding the
present activities by using Present Perfect Continuous Tense and also the following
vocabularies!

Vocabulary

Novel : _____________________ occupant : __________________

Appoint : _____________________ quarter : ___________________
Site : _____________________ quote : _____________________
Verse : _____________________ morality : ___________________
Roam : _____________________ attract : ____________________
Commuter : _____________________ confine : ___________________
Idle : _____________________ idol : ____________________
Jest : _____________________ patriotic : ___________________
Dispute : _____________________ valor : _____________________
Lunatic : _____________________ vein : ______________________
Uneventful : _____________________ fertile : _____________________
Refer : _____________________ distress : ___________________
Diminish : _____________________ maximum : _________________
Flee : _____________________ vulnerable : _________________
Signify : _____________________ mythology : _________________
Provide : _____________________ colleague : __________________
Torment : _____________________ loyalty : ____________________
Volunteer : _____________________ prejudice : __________________
Shrill : _____________________ jolly : ______________________
Witty : _____________________ hinder : ____________________
Lecture : _____________________ abuse : ____________________
Mumble : _____________________ mute : _____________________
Wad : _____________________ retain _____________________
Candidate : _____________________ precede : __________________
Adolescent : _____________________ coeducational : ______________