1What change occurs to an atom when it forms a negative ion?

A. It loses electrons.
B. It gains protons.
C. It gains electrons.
D. It loses protons.
(1 mark)

2Lithium and chlorine react together to form lithium chloride. During formation, each
lithium atom…..1….. one …..2….. which is completely …..3….. to the chlorine atom.

What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3

A gains electron shared

B loses electron transferred

C gains proton transferred

D loses proton shared

(1 mark)

2
3. Which of the statements describes ionic bonding?

A. Electrostatic attraction between atoms

B. Electrostatic attraction between positively charged particles and delocalised
electrons
C. Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
D. Electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and a shared pair of
electrons

(1 mark)

The structure of an ionic compound, sodium chloride, is a lattice structure.

4 Which of the following statements about an ionic lattice structure is not true?

. There is a regular arrangement of ions in the lattice

A.
B. The layers of ions slide over each other easily in the lattice
.
C. The ions are arranged with alternating anions and cations
D. Strong electrostatic forces of attraction occur between oppositely charged ions

(1 mark)

5 Magnesium is a Group II element and chlorine is a Group VII element.

These elements react together to form an ionic compound. Which row is correct?

3
 Mg electron change Mg ion formed Formula of compound

A gain Mg2+ Mg2Cl

B gain Mg+ MgCl2

C lost Mg2+ MgCl2

D lost Mg+ Mg2Cl2

(1 mark)

4
6 Which element does not form a stable ion with the same electronic configuration as
neon?

A. Magnesium
B. Fluorine
C. Sodium
D. Chlorine
(1 mark)

7 The electronic configuration of an ion was determined to be 2.8.8.

What could the identity of the ion be?

Ca2+ S2-

A × ✓

B ✓ ×

C ✓ ✓

D × ×

(1 mark)

5
 Substance Melting point Boiling point Conducts electricity when

/oC /oC solid liquid

W 3410 5930 yes yes

X 801 1413 no yes

Y 3550 4830 no no

Z -91 98 no no

8. Use the information in the table to identify the substance that is an ionic compound.

A. Substance W
B. Substance X
C. Substance Y
D. Substance Z
(1 mark)

9.Calcium reacts with fluorine to form calcium fluoride

Which statement describes what happens to calcium atoms in this reaction?

A. Calcium ions lose electrons to form positive charges. .

B. Calcium atoms gain 3 electrons to form positive ions.
C. Calcium ions gain 2 electrons to form positive ions.
D. Calcium atoms lose 2 electrons to form positive ions.
(1 mark)

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10.

Which of the following dot-and-cross diagrams shows the correct arrangement of

electrons in lithium sulfide?

(1 mark)

7
11. Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.

Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?

Element Electronic structure

Q 2.4

R 2.8

S 2.8.1

T 2.8.7

A. S and T
B. R and S
C. Q and R
D. Q and T
(1 mark)

8
12. The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.

X and Y combine by ionic bonding.

What is the formula of the compound produced?

A. X2Y
B. X2Y2
C. X2Y4
D. XY
(1 mark)

13. The electronic structures of atoms X and Y are shown.

X and Y combine by ionic bonding.

What is the formula of the compound produced?

A. X2Y
B. X2Y2

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 C. X Y4
2
D. XY
(1 mark)

14. Ionic compounds are formed when metals react with nonmetals.

Which row correctly describes the electron transfer when an ionic bond is formed and
the nature of the bond?

Electron transfer Nature of bond

A Metal to nonmetal Opposite ions attract

B Metal to nonmetal Opposite ions repel

C Metal to metal Same ions repel

D Nonmetal to metal Opposite ions attract

(1 mark)

15. Ionic compounds are formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal.

Which two elements combine to form this kind of compound?

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 Element Electronic structure

Q 2.8.8.1

R 2.8.7

S 2.8.4

T 2.8.8

A. Q and T
B. Q and R
C. R and S
D. S and T
(1 mark)

16. Potassium and bromine chemically combine to form the compound potassium bromide.

During formation, each bromine atom…..1….. one electron which is completely …..2…..
from the outer shell of the potassium atom. The …..3….. force of attraction is formed
from the attraction between the opposite charges on each ion.

What words correctly fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?

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 1 2 3

A loses shared electrical

B loses transferred intermolecular

C gains shared electrostatic

D gains transferred electrostatic

(1 mark)

17. The table below shows four different substances.

Which substance does the type of bonding shown not match?

Substance Type of bonding present

Ionic Covalent Metallic

A Fluorine ✓

B Potassium chloride ✓

C Beryllium ✓

D Sodium bromide ✓

(1 mark)

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18. The bonding present in a substance determines the structure and properties of that
substance.

Which of the following statements is a correct description of the structure of an ionic

compound?

A. A lattice structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and negative

ion
B. A lattice structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative
ions
C. A random structure with a regular arrangement of alternating positive and negative
ions
D. A random structure with an irregular arrangement of alternating positive and
negative ions

(1 mark)

19. The ionic lattice structure of potassium chloride is shown below.

Which of the following statements best describes the bonding and structure of KCl ?

A. A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely

charged ions which act in all directions.

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 B. A small lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between like charged
ions which act in all directions.

C. A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely

charged ions which act in all directions.
A giant lattice structure held together by electrostatic forces between oppositely
D. charged ions which act in one direction only.

(1 mark)

20

A student analysed an ionic compound and a covalent compound using a melting point
apparatus. She found the ionic compound had a much higher melting point than the
covalent compound.

Which statement explains this observation?

A. Ionic compounds are formed from metals only.

B. Ionic compounds are formed from nonmetals and nonmetals.
C. There are strong electrostatic forces of attraction in ionic compounds.
D. There are strong intermolecular forces in ionic compounds.
(1 mark)

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21. Which of the following compounds are formed by covalent bonding?

1 Potassium fluoride

2 Propane

3 Carbon dioxide

4 Lithium bromide

A. 2 and 3

B. 1 and 3

C. 1 and 4

D. 2 and 4
(1 mark)

22. Which row correctly describes a simple covalent compound?

2
 low melting point high boiling point

A ✓ ✓

B × ✓

C × ×

D ✓ ×

(1 mark)

23. Which statement about bonding is not correct?

A. Covalent bonding involves non metal elements.

B. Covalent bonding involves electron sharing.
C. Covalent bonding involves electron transfer.
D. Covalent bonding does not involve metal elements.
(1 mark)

24. Ammonia is a covalent compound consisting of one nitrogen atom bonded to three
hydrogen atoms.

Which statement is correct for a molecule of ammonia?

A. The number of shared pairs of electrons is five

B. The number of shared pairs of electrons is three
C. There are single covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms.
D. Each hydrogen atom donates one pair of electrons to the central
nitrogen atom. (1 mark)

3
25. The structure of propane is shown below
Which correctly explains why propane can not conduct electricity?

A. There are weak intermolecular forces between molecules of propane

B. The covalent bonds in propane are strong
C. There are no free electrons able to move and carry a charge
D. Propane has a low boiling point
(1 mark)

4
26. Atoms P and Q have electronic structures as shown in the diagram. They react together
to form a covalent compound.

What is the formula of the compound?

A. P2Q3
B. P3Q
C. P3Q2
D. PQ4
(1 mark)

27. The atom of element Z has 6 electrons in its outer shell. How would this element react?

A. It shares two electrons with four from another atom to form two covalent bonds
B. It shares four electrons with four from another atom to form four covalent bonds
C. It shares four electrons with two from another atom to form two covalent bonds
D. It shares two electrons with two from another atom to form two covalent bonds
(1 mark)

5
 28. CH4, H2O and HCl are covalent compounds.

Which atoms in these compounds do not use all of their outer shell electrons in bonding?

A. C and O
B. C and H
C. Cl and O
D. Cl and C
(1 mark)

29. The electronic configurations of four different atoms are shown below.

Which atoms form covalent compounds?

A. W and X
B. W, X and Y
C. W and Z
D. X, Y and Z
(1 mark)

6
30. Which of the following molecules contains only single covalent bonds?

A. N2
B. F2
C. O2
D. CO2
(1 mark)

7
31. Carbon dioxide is a simple molecular substance in which the molecules are formed by
covalent bonding between one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

Which dot and cross diagram below shows the correct outer shell arrangement of
electrons in a molecule of CO2?

(1 mark)

8
32. A student has drawn a dot and cross diagram to represent a molecule of ethene,
C2H4, as shown below.

What is wrong with the students drawing?

A. The number of electrons shared between the carbon atoms is incorrect.

B. The number of electrons shared between each carbon and hydrogen is incorrect.
C. There is nothing wrong with the drawing.
D. The total number of electrons shared is incorrect.
(1 mark)

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33. Which diagram is incorrect?

(1 mark)

34. Which statement about methane is correct?

A. It has a high melting point due to strong covalent bonds between atoms
B. It has a low melting point due to weak covalent bonds between the molecules
C. It has a low boiling point due to weak intermolecular forces between molecules
D. It has a high boiling point because of strong intermolecular forces between
molecules
(1 mark)

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35. A covalent molecule M contains a total of four shared electrons.

What is M?

A. Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen
C. Nitrogen
D. Methane
(1 mark)

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36. Which option correctly describes the relative charges and masses of the subatomic
particles?

Proton Neutron Electron Relative mass of proton

A +1 0 0 0.00054

B 0 +1 +1 1

C 0 +1 -1 0.00054

D +1 0 -1 1

(1 mark)

37. The atomic number of element Q is 9 and its mass number is 19.

In which group of the Periodic Table should element Q be placed?

A. Group 0
B. Group I
C. Group VII
D. Group II
(1 mark)

2
38. The diagram shows the atomic structure of an element.

Which element is it?

A. Carbon
B. Beryllium
C. Oxygen
D. Boron
(1 mark)

39. The atomic structure of atoms Q, R, S and T are shown in the table.

Atom Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons

Q 6 7 6

R 7 7 7

S 6 8 6

T 8 8 8

3
40. Which two atoms are isotopes?

A. Q and S
B. Q and T
C. R and T
D. R and S
(1 mark)