Middle East Technical University

Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department

EE 201
Circuit Theory I
Midterm Examination I

November 9, 2022

Duration: 120 minutes

Name:

Student Number:

Signature:

Question Points Score

1 25
2 25
3 25
4 25
Total: 100

• Show the details of your work. (Clarity of presentation is also graded.)

• Indicate all units.

• Show critical points on your sketches.

• Calculators are not allowed.

EE 201 Circuit Theory I Name-Surname:

1. (25 points) Given the following circuit.

(a) Apply node-to-reference voltage method (node voltage analysis) and write the node equations in
matrix form in terms of the node-to-reference voltages.
(b) Solve and find the node-to-reference voltages.
(c) Find a new value for the independent current source is such that the voltage across this source is
zero.
EE 201 Circuit Theory I Name-Surname:

2. An LTI resistive circuit with two independent DC current/voltage sources has the following incidence
matrix:

1 −1
 
0 1 0 0 0
 0
 1 1 0 −1 0 0
Aa = −1 0 −1 0 0 1 0.
 0 0 0 −1 1 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 −1 −1

(a) Draw the oriented graph of the circuit.

(b) Two experiments were performed on the circuit with different values for the independent DC
sources at each experiment. The following branch voltages were measured. Calculate the missing
voltages to fill in the table below.

v1 (V) v2 (V) v3 (V) v4 (V) v5 (V) v6 (V) v7 (V)

Exp-1 5 -2 -1 3
Exp-2 4 -1 2 2
(c) A third experiment was performed on the circuit with different values for independent DC sources.
Following branch voltages were measured. Calculate the missing voltages to fill in the table below.

v1 (V) v2 (V) v3 (V) v4 (V) v5 (V) v6 (V) v7 (V)

Exp-3 -4 4
(d) In the third experiment, find the power absorbed or delivered by the element on the 4th branch
if i5 = 2 A and i7 = −4 A. Specify whether the power is absorbed or delivered. Is this element
active or passive? Explain.
Note: All currents and voltages are measured according to the passive sign convention in this problem.
Solution:
(a) (4 points) Since the incidence matrix is a 5x7 matrix, the graph should have 5 nodes and 7
branches. +1 and −1 represent a branch leaving and entering a node, respectively.
EE 201 Circuit Theory I Name-Surname:

(b) (6 points) {2, 3, 5, 7} and {1, 4, 5, 7} are two trees of the graph obtained in part (a). Once tree
voltages are known, all branch voltages can be obtained using fundamental loop equations. (1 pt
each)

v1 − v3 + v2 = 0 ⇒ v1 = v3 − v2 = −2 − 5 = −7V
v4 + v5 + v2 = 0 ⇒ v4 = −v2 − v5 = −5 + 1 = −4V
v6 − v7 + v5 + v3 = 0 ⇒ v6 = v7 − v5 − v3 = 3 + 1 + 2 = 6V

v4 + v5 + v2 = 0 ⇒ v2 = −v4 − v5 = 1 − 2 = −1V
v3 − v1 + v4 + v5 = 0 ⇒ v3 = v1 − v4 − v5 = 4 + 1 − 2 = 3V
v6 − v7 − v4 + v1 = 0 ⇒ v6 = v7 + v4 − v1 = 2 − 1 − 4 = −3V

(c) (10 points) Linearity should hold for all experiments as the circuit is given as LTI resistive . More-
over, since there are two independent sources, two experiments should be adequate to determine
all branch voltages. Please note that if the number of independent sources were higher, we would
not be able to uniquely determine the branch voltages for Exp-3.

    
−1 2 α −4
= ⇒ α = 2 and β = −1 (5 pts)
3 2 β 4

−7 4 −18
    
v1
v2   5 −1    11 
v3  −2 3  2 =  −7  V (5 pts)
    
   −1  
v4  −4 −1  −7 
v6 6 −3 15

(d) (5 points) From KCL at node n4 , i4 = i5 + i7 = −2 A. (1 pt)

P4 = i4 v4 = 14 W, absorbing power (2 pts)
Since we have only one experiment, we cannot determine whether the element on branch 4 is
active or passive. (2 pts)
EE 201 Circuit Theory I Name-Surname:

3. (25 points) This question has two independent parts.

Part I. (15 pts.) Find the Thevenin equivalent circuit for the one-port below.

6A

2Ω
a

1
vx 10 Ω vx 4Ω
5

Part II. (10 pts.) Consider the LTI resistive circuit below, where the sub-circuit N does not contain
any independent sources. For various triples (is , vs , R) three experiments have been conducted on this
setup; the corresponding measurements for vR are given in the table.

is

a
is vs R vR
vs N R vR Exp. 1 7A 0 4Ω 12 V
Exp. 2 7A 0 9Ω 18 V
Exp. 3 0 137 V 30 Ω −30 V
b

Suppose now, we set is = 14 A and vs = 137 V. Solve the following problems.

(a) Find the resistance R so that the maximum power is delivered to the resistor.
(b) Find this maximum power.
EE 201 Circuit Theory I Name-Surname:

4. (a) (12 points) For the circuit given below, label all of the (inner) mesh currents and express the
mesh current equations1 in the matrix form.
+ + vx −
−
8Ω
2V
i1
(8 + 5 + 6)i1 − 6i2 − 5i3 + 2 = 0
6Ω 5Ω
−6i1 + (7 + 6 + 3)i2 − 3i4 + 2iy − vx = 0 vx = 8i1 iy = i4
−5i1 + (5 + 5 + 4)i3 − 5i4 − 2iy + 8 = 0 iy = i4
+
2iy i3 4Ω −3i2 − 5i3 + (2 + 3 + 5)i4 − 8 = 0
−
8V
5Ω
    
19 −6 −5 0 i1 −2
7 Ω i2
−
+
−14 16 0 −1 i2   0 
   =  
 −5 0 14 −7 i3  −8
3Ω i4 iy 0 −3 −5 10 i4 8
vx
2Ω
+
−

(b) (13 points) For the circuit below, label all of the (inner) mesh currents and determine their values.
Constraint equations
+ vx −
i1 = 2 A
8Ω
2A
i1
i3 − i2 = 2i4 ⇒ i2 = i3 − 2i4

6Ω 5Ω KVL at the super mesh composed of second and third meshes

−19i1 + 16i2 + 14i3 − 8i4 = −8 ⇒ 30i3 − 40i4 = 30

2iy i3 4Ω
8V KVL at the fourth mesh
5Ω
7 Ω i2
−
+

−3i2 − 5i3 + 10i4 = 8 ⇒ −8i3 + 16i4 = 8

3Ω i4 iy
vx            
2Ω 3 −4 i3 3 i3 1 2 4 3 5
= ⇒ = 2 =
−1 2 i4 1 i4 1 3 1 3
+
−

Thus i1 = 2 A, i2 = −1 A, i3 = 5 A, i4 = 3 A.

1
A linearly independent set of equations sufficient to determine all of the mesh current values.