Set-1

Series S3RQP/3
àíZ-nÌ H$moS>
Q.P. Code
55/3/1
amob Z§. narjmWu àíZ-nÌ H$moS> >H$mo CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$
Roll No. _wI-n¥ð >na Adí` {bIo§ &
Candidates must write the Q.P. Code
on the title page of the answer-book.

^m¡{VH$ {dkmZ (g¡ÕmpÝVH$)

PHYSICS (Theory)

:3 : 70
Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 70

ZmoQ> NOTE
(I) H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _o§ _w{ÐV (I) Please check that this question paper
contains 27 printed pages.
n¥ð> 27 h¢ &
(II) H¥$n`m Om±M H$a b| {H$ Bg àíZ-nÌ _| (II) Please check that this question paper
contains 33 questions.
>33 àíZ h¢ &
(III) àíZ-nÌ _| Xm{hZo hmW H$s Amoa {XE JE (III) Q.P. Code given on the right hand side of
the question paper should be written on
àíZ-nÌ H$moS >H$mo narjmWu CÎma-nwpñVH$m Ho$ the title page of the answer-book by the
_wI-n¥ð> na {bI| & candidate.
(IV) H¥$n`m àíZ H$m CÎma {bIZm ewê$ H$aZo go (IV) Please write down the serial number of
the question in the answer-book before
nhbo, CÎma-nwpñVH$m _| àíZ H$m H«$_m§H$ attempting it.
Adí` {bI| &
(V) Bg àíZ-nÌ 15 {_ZQ (V) 15 minute time has been allotted to read
this question paper. The question paper
>H$m g_` {X`m J`m h¡ & àíZ-nÌ H$m will be distributed at 10.15 a.m. From
10.15 ~Oo {H$`m OmEJm & 10.15 a.m. to 10.30 a.m., the students will
10.15 ~Oo go 10.30 ~Oo VH$ N>mÌ Ho$db read the question paper only and will not
àíZ- write any answer on the answer-book
during this period.
do CÎma-nwpñVH$m na H$moB© CÎma Zht {bI|Jo &

13-55/3/1 1 P.T.O.
 :

:
(i) 33
(ii)
(iii) 1 16 1

(iv) 17 21 2

(v) 22 28 3

(vi) 29 30 4

(vii) 31 33 5

(viii)

(ix)
(x)
:
c=3 108 m/s
h = 6.63 10 34 Js
e = 1.6 10 19 C
0 =4 10 7 T m A 1

0 = 8.854 10 12 C2 N 1 m 2
1
=9 109 N m2 C 2
4
0
(me) = 9.1 10 31 kg
Ý`yQ´>m°Z H$m Ðì`_mZ = 1.675 10 27 kg
àmoQ>m°Z H$m Ðì`_mZ = 1.673 10 27 kg
AmdmoJmÐmo g§»`m = 6.023 1023 à{V J«m_ _mob
~moëQ²>µO_mZ {Z`Vm§H$ = 1.38 10 23 JK 1
13-55/3/1 2
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :
(i) This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.
(ii) This question paper is divided into five sections Sections A, B, C, D and E.
(iii) In Section A Questions no. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice type questions. Each
question carries 1 mark.
(iv) In Section B Questions no. 17 to 21 are Very Short Answer type questions.
Each question carries 2 marks.
(v) In Section C Questions no. 22 to 28 are Short Answer type questions. Each
question carries 3 marks.
(vi) In Section D Questions no. 29 and 30 are case study based questions. Each
question carries 4 marks.
(vii) In Section E Questions no. 31 to 33 are Long Answer type questions. Each
question carries 5 marks.
(viii) There is no overall choice given in the question paper. However, an internal
choice has been provided in few questions in all the Sections except Section A.
(ix) Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually Impaired
candidates.
(x) Use of calculators is not allowed.
You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary :
c=3 108 m/s
h = 6.63 10 34 Js
e = 1.6 10 19 C

0 =4 10 7 T m A 1

0 = 8.854 10 12 C2 N 1 m 2
1
=9 109 N m2 C 2
4
0

Mass of electron (me) = 9.1 10 31 kg

Mass of neutron = 1.675 10 27 kg

Mass of proton = 1.673 10 27 kg
6.023 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38 10 23 JK 1

13-55/3/1 3 P.T.O.
 IÊS> H$
1. Amdoem| q1, q2, q3 ... Ho$ {H$gr g_yh na {dMma H$s{OE Omo Bg àH$ma h¡ {H$ q 0.
V~ {H$gr A{YH$ Xÿar na Bg g_yh Ho$ H$maU g_{d^d h¢ bJ^J :
(A) g_Vb (B) Jmobr` n¥îR>
(C) nadb`O n¥îR> (D) XrK©d¥ÎmO n¥îR>

2. {H$gr àmoQ>m°Z H$mo {~ÝXþ P1 go {~ÝXþ P2 VH$ bo Om`m J`m h¡, `o XmoZm| {~ÝXþ {H$gr {dÚwV joÌ
_| pñWV h¢ & {~ÝXþ P1 Am¡a P2 na {d^d H«$_e: 5 V Am¡a + 5 V h¢ & `h _mZVo hþE {H$
{~ÝXþAm| P1 Am¡a P2 na àmoQ>m°Z H$s J{VO D$Om©E± eyÝ` h¢, Vmo àmoQ>m°Z na {H$`m J`m H$m`© h¡ :

(A) 1·6 10 18 J (B) 1·6 10 18 J

(C) eyÝ` (D) 0·8 10 18 J

3. AmaoI _| Xem©E AZwgma Vma Ho$ {H$gr 2·0 cm bå~o IÊS> go, Omo y-Aj Ho$ AZw{Xe aIm
J`m h¡, YZmË_H$ y-{Xem _| 5·0 A Ymam àdm{hV hmo ahr h¡ & Bg IÊS> (n[anW Ho$ ^mJ)
Ho$ H$maU {~ÝXþ (3 m, 4 m, 0) na Mwå~H$s` joÌ h¡ :

(A) (0.12 nT) ^j (B) (0.10 nT) ^j

^ ^
(C) (0.24 nT) k (D) (0.24 nT) k

4. {H$gr Vma H$m d¥ÎmmH$ma nme, {Oggo H$moB© Ymam àdm{hV hmo ahr h¡, AnZo Ho$ÝÐ H$mo
_yb-{~ÝXþ Ho$ g§nmVr aIVo hþE xy-Vb _| pñWV h¡ & Bg nme na + z-Aj Ho$ AZw{Xe
{X{eH$ H$moB© EH$g_mZ Mwå~H$s` joÌ bJm`m J`m h¡ & `h nme :
(A) x-Aj Ho$ AZw{Xe J{V H$aoJm (B) y-Aj Ho$ AZw{Xe J{V H$aoJm
(C) z-Aj Ho$ AZw{Xe J{V H$aoJm $ (D) pñWa ahoJm

13-55/3/1 4
 SECTION A

1. Consider a group of charges q1, q2, q3 q 0. Then

equipotentials at a large distance, due to this group are approximately :
(A) Plane (B) Spherical surface
(C) Paraboloidal surface (D) Ellipsoidal surface

2. A proton is taken from point P1 to point P2, both located in an electric

field. The potentials at points P1 and P2 are 5 V and + 5 V respectively.
Assuming that kinetic energies of the proton at points P1 and P2 are zero,
the work done on the proton is :
(A) 1·6 10 18 J (B) 1·6 10 18 J
(C) Zero (D) 0·8 10 18 J

3. A 2.0 cm segment of wire, carrying 5.0 A current in positive y-direction

lies along y-axis, as shown in the figure. The magnetic field at a point
(3 m, 4 m, 0) due to this segment (part of a circuit) is :

(A) (0.12 nT) ^j (B) (0.10 nT) ^j

^ ^
(C) (0.24 nT) k (D) (0.24 nT) k

4. A circular loop of wire, carryi -plane with its

centre coinciding with the origin. It is subjected to a uniform magnetic
field pointing along + z-axis. The loop will :
(A) move along x-axis (B) move along y-axis
(C) move along z-axis (D) remain stationary
13-55/3/1 5 P.T.O.
5. H$moB© Ymamdmhr d¥ÎmmH$ma nme {OgH$m Mwå~H$s` AmKyU© M h¡, {H$gr ~mø Mwå~H$s` joÌ
B _| D$Üdm©Ya Vb _| Bg àH$ma {Zb§{~V h¡ {H$ BgH$m Vb B Ho$ A{^bå~dV² h¡ & Bg
nme H$mo B Ho$ bå~dV² Aj Ho$ n[aV: 45 na Ky{U©V H$amZo _| {H$`m J`m H$m`© {H$gHo$
{ZH$Q>V_ h¡ ?
(A) 0.3 MB (B) 0.3 MB

(C) 1.7 MB (D) 1.7 MB

6. 15 mH H$s {H$gr Hw$ÊS>br go Ymam _| eyÝ` go 4 A VH$ H$s d¥{Õ 0·004 s _| EH$g_mZ ê$n
go H$s JB© h¡ & Bg Hw$ÊS>br _| ào[aV {d.dm. ~b (emf) hmoJm :
(A) 22·5 V (B) 17·5 V $
(C) 15·0 V (D) 12·5 V

7. {H$gr Eogr n[aZm{bH$m na {dMma H$s{OE {OgH$s bå~mB© l,AZwwàñW-H$mQ> joÌ\$b A VWm
\o$am| H$s g§»`m {Z`V h¡ & Bg n[aZm{bH$m Ho$ ñdàoaH$Ëd _| d¥{Õ hmoJr `{X :
(A) l Am¡a A XmoZm| _| d¥{Õ hmo
(B) l _| H$_r Am¡a A _| d¥{Õ hmo
(C) l _| d¥{Õ Am¡a A _| H$_r hmo $
(D) l Am¡a A XmoZm| _| H$_r hmo

8. {ZåZ{b{IV _| go {H$gH$s Amd¥{Îm A{YH$V_ h¡ ?

(A) Adaº$ {H$aU| (B) Jm_m {H$aU|
(C) ao{S>`mo Va§J| (D) gyú_ Va§J|

9. g_mZ doJ go J{V_mZ H$moB© àmoQ>m°Z Am¡a H$moB© Eoë\$m H$U {H$gr bú` Zm{^H$ na CnJ_Z
H$aVo h¢ & `o j{UH$ {dam_ _| AmVo h¢ Am¡a {\$a AnZr {XemAm| H$mo ì`wËH«${_V H$aVo h¢ &
àmoQ>m°Z Ho$ CnJ_Z H$s {ZH$Q>V_ Xÿar VWm Eoë\$m H$U Ho$ CnJ_Z H$s {ZH$Q>V_ Xÿar H$m
AZwnmV hmoJm :
1
(A) (B) 2
2
1
(C) (D) 4
4

13-55/3/1 6
5. A current carrying circular loop of magnetic moment M is suspended in
a vertical plane in an external magnetic field B such that its plane is
normal to B . The work done in rotating this loop by 45 about an axis
perpendicular to B is closest to :

(A) 0.3 MB (B) 0.3 MB

(C) 1.7 MB (D) 1.7 MB

6. The current in a coil of 15 mH increases uniformly from zero to 4 A in
0.004 s. The emf induced in the coil will be :
(A) 22·5 V (B) 17·5 V $
(C) 15·0 V (D) 12·5 V

7. Consider a solenoid of length l and area of cross-section A with fixed

number of turns. The self-inductance of the solenoid will increase if :

(A) both l and A are increased

(B) l is decreased and A is increased

(C) l is increased and A is decreased
(D) both l and A are decreased

8. Which one of the following has the highest frequency ?

(A) Infrared rays (B) Gamma rays
(C) Radio waves (D) Microwaves

9. A proton and an alpha particle having equal velocities approach a target

nucleus. They come momentarily to rest and then reverse their
directions. The ratio of the distance of closest approach of the proton to
that of the alpha particle will be :
1
(A) (B) 2
2
1
(C) (D) 4
4

13-55/3/1 7 P.T.O.
10. {H$gr {XE JE àH$me-gwJ«mhr n¥îR> Ho$ {bE CËg{O©V \$moQ>mo-
D$Om© (Km) Am¡a Amn{VV {d{H$aUm| H$s Amd¥{Îm (v) Ho$ ~rM ItMo JE {ZåZ{b{IV J«m\$m| _|
go H$m¡Z-gm ghr h¡ ?

11. hmBS´>moOZ na_mUw Ho$ ~moa _m° n=2 ñVa go n=1 ñVa H$mo g§H«$_U
H$aVm h¡ & BgHo$ n[aH«$_U H$mb _| :

(A) 87·5% H$s d¥{Õ hmoJr

(B) 87·5% H$s H$_r hmoJr
(C) 43·75% H$s d¥{Õ hmoJr
(D) 43·75% H$s H$_r hmoJr

12. Si H$m _mXZ n§Mg§`moOr VÎd Ho$ gmW {H$`m J`m h¡

{bE Amdí`H$ D$Om© h¡ bJ^J :
(A) 0·01 eV (B) 0·05 eV
(C) 0·72 eV (D) 1·1 eV

13-55/3/1 8
10. Which one of the following is the correct graph between the maximum
kinetic energy (Km) of the emitted photoelectrons and the frequency of
incident radiation (v) for a given photosensitive surface ?

11. An electron makes a transition from n = 2 level to n = 1 level in the Bohr

model of a hydrogen atom. Its period of revolution :
(A) increases by 87·5%
(B) decreases by 87·5%
(C) increases by 43·75%
(D) decreases by 43·75%

12. Si is doped with a pentavalent element. The energy required to set the
additional electron free is about :

(A) 0·01 eV (B) 0·05 eV

(C) 0·72 eV (D) 1·1 eV

13-55/3/1 9 P.T.O.
 13 16 (A) (R)
(A) (R)
(A), (B), (C) (D)

(A) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢ Am¡a H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì¶m»¶m H$aVm h¡ &
(B) A{^H$WZ (A) Am¡a H$maU (R) XmoZm| ghr h¢, naÝVw H$maU (R), A{^H$WZ (A) H$s
ghr ì¶m»¶m H$aVm h¡ &
(C) A{^H$WZ (A) ghr h¡, naÝVw H$maU (R) µJbV h¡ &
(D) A{^H$WZ (A) µJbV h¡ VWm H$maU (R) ^r µJbV h¡ &

13. (A) : {H$gr AY©MmbH$ _|,

(R) : {H$gr AY©MmbH$ _| XmVm D$Om© ñVa g§`moOH$Vm ~¡ÊS> Ho$ R>rH$ D$na hmoVm
h¡ &
14. (A) : àH$me-{dÚwV à^md àH$me H$s H$UmË_H$ àH¥${V H$mo {ZX{e©V H$aVm h¡ &
(R) : àH$me-{dÚwV Ymam Amn{VV {d{H$aUm| H$s Amd¥{Îm Ho$ AZwH«$_mZwnmVr hmoVr
h¡ &

15. (A) : B _|
g_mZ g§doJ p go Bg àH$ma àdoe H$aVo h¢ {H$ p Mwå~H$s` joÌ B
Ho$ bå~dV² h¡ & `o XmoZm| g_mZ {ÌÁ`m Ho$ d¥Îmr` nW na J_Z H$a|Jo &
p
(R) : {H$gr Mwå~H$s` joÌ _| H$jr` {ÌÁ`m r H$m _mZ Ho$ ~am~a hmoVm h¡ &
qB

16. (A) : H$moB© CÎmb b|g {H$gr Ðd _| Sw>~moE OmZo na bwßV hmo OmVm h¡ &
(R) : b|g Ho$ nXmW© Am¡a Ðd XmoZm| Ho$ AndV©Zm§H$ g_mZ h¢ &

13-55/3/1 10
Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two
statements are given one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason
(R). Select the correct answer from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not
the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false.

13. Assertion (A) : In a semiconductor, the electrons in the conduction band

have lesser energy than those in the valence band.

Reason (R) : Donor energy level is just above the valence band in a
semiconductor.

14. Assertion (A) : Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of

light.

Reason (R) : Photoelectric current is proportional to frequency of

incident radiation.

15. Assertion (A) : A proton and an electron enter a uniform magnetic field
B with the same momentum p such that p is
perpendicular to B . They describe circular paths of the
same radius.
p
Reason (R) : In a magnetic field, orbital radius r is equal to .
qB

16. Assertion (A) : A convex lens, when immersed in a liquid, disappears.

Reason (R) : The refractive indices of material of the lens and the
liquid are equal.

13-55/3/1 11 P.T.O.
 IÊS> I

17. (H$) m| Ho$ {dlm§{V H$mb go ? `h Xem©BE

ml
{H$ {H$gr MmbH$ Ho$ à{VamoY H$mo R=
2
Ûmam ì`º$ {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡,
ne
`hm± àVrH$m| Ho$ AnZo gm_mÝ` AW© h¢ & 2

AWdm
(I) {H$gr ìhrQ>ñQ>moZ goVw H$m n[anW AmaoI It{ME & dh eV© àmßV H$s{OE O~ Bg
n[anW Ho$ J¡ëdoZmo_rQ>a go H$moB© Ymam àdm{hV Zht hmoVr h¡ & 2

18. {H$gr IJmobr` XÿaXe©H$ H$s AmdY©Z j_Vm 24 h¡ & gm_mÝ` g_m`moOZ _|, BgHo$ Xmo b|gm|
Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar 150 cm h¡ & A{^Ñí`H$ b|g H$s \$moH$g Xÿar kmV H$s{OE & 2

19. {ZåZ{b{IV H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE : 2

(H$) {H$gr gab gyú_Xeu _|, {~å~ H$m H$moUr` gmBµO à{V{~å~ Ho$ H$moUr` gmBµO Ho$
~am~a hmoVm h¡ & {\$a ^r `h AmdY©Z àXmZ H$aVm h¡ &
(I) g_Vb Am¡a CÎmb
{H$Ýht n[apñW{V`m| Ho$ AYrZ `o dmñV{dH$ à{V{~å~ ~Zm gH$Vo h¢ ?
20. h_mao ZoÌm| Ûmam AdJ_r H$s OmZo dmbr ídoV àH$me H$s Ý`yZV_ Vrd«Vm bJ^J
0.1 nWm 2 h¡ & nwVbr (joÌ\$b 0·4 cm2) _| à{V goH$ÊS> àdoe H$aZo dmbo Bg àH$me
Ho$ \$moQ>mZ° m| H$s g§»`m n[aH${bV H$s{OE & 2
(ídoV àH$me H$s Am¡gV Va§JX¡¿`© 500 nm VWm ßbm§H$ {Z`Vm§H$ = 6·6 10 34 Js br{OE)

21. _mZ br{OE {H$gr ewÕ Si {H«$ñQ>b _| à{V KZ _rQ>a 5 1028 na_mUw h¢ & BgH$m _mXZ
~moam°Z H$s 1 ppm gm§ÐVm Ûmam {H$`m J`m h¡ & hmobm| H$s gm§ÐVm n[aH${bV
H$s{OE, {X`m J`m h¡ ni = 1·5 1016 m 3 & `h _m{XV {H«$ñQ>b n-àH$ma H$m h¡
AWdm p-àH$ma H$m, CëboI H$s{OE & 2

13-55/3/1 12
 SECTION B

17. (a) What is meant by relaxation time of free electrons in a conductor ?

Show that the resistance of a conductor can be expressed by
ml
R= , where symbols have their usual meanings. 2
2
ne
OR
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of a Wheatstone bridge. Obtain the
condition when no current flows through the galvanometer in it. 2

18. The magnifying power of an astronomical telescope is 24. In normal

adjustment, distance between its two lenses is 150 cm. Find the focal
length of the objective lens. 2

19. Explain the following : 2

(a) For a simple microscope, the angular size of the object equals the
angular size of the image. Yet it offers magnification.

(b) Both plane and convex mirrors produce virtual images of objects.
Can they produce real images under some circumstances ?

20. The minimum intensity of white light that our eyes can perceive is about
0.1 nWm 2. Calculate the number of photons of this light entering our
pupil (area 0.4 cm2) per second. 2

constant = 6.6 10 34 Js)

21. Suppose a pure Si crystal has 5 1028 atoms m 3. It is doped by 1 ppm

concentration of boron. Calculate the concentration of holes and
electrons, given that ni = 1·5 1016 m 3. Is the doped crystal n-type or
p-type ? 2

13-55/3/1 13 P.T.O.
 IÊS> J

22. AmaoI _| Xem©E JE ZoQ>dH©$ H$s emIm AB, AC VWm BC _| Ymam {ZYm©[aV H$s{OE & 3

23. Xmo Ymamdmhr bå~o grYo g_mÝVa MmbH$ EH$- ? Xmo

Ymamdmhr bå~o grYo g_mÝVa MmbH$m|, {OZgo {dnarV {XemAm| _| Ymam àdm{hV hmo ahr h¡,
Ho$ ~rM CZH$s à{V EH$m§H$ bå~mB© na ~b Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ ì`wËnÞ H$s{OE & BZ XmoZm|
MmbH$m| Ho$ ~rM ~b H$s àH¥${V H$s ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 3

24. {H$gr {dÚwV n[anW na, {Og_| H$moB© n[anW Ad`d h¡ {Og_| Ymam dmoëQ>Vm go AJ«
2
h¡, H$moB© Á`mdH«$s` dmoëQ>Vm AZwà`wº$ H$s JB© h¡ &
(H$) n[anW _| n[anW Ad`d H$s nhMmZ H$s{OE &
(I) BgHo$ à{VKmV Ho$ {bE gyÌ {b{IE &
(J) ac dmoëQ>Vm H$s Amd¥{Îm Ho$ gmW à{VKmV Ho$ {dMaU H$mo J«m \$ Ûmam Xem©BE &
(K) Bg Ad`d Ho$ ì`dhma H$s ì`m»`m Cg pñW{V _| H$s{OE O~ BgH$m Cn`moJ {H$gr
(i) ac n[anW, Am¡a (ii) dc n[anW _| {H$`m OmVm h¡ & 3

13-55/3/1 14
 SECTION C

22. Determine the current in branches AB, AC and BC of the network shown
in figure. 3

23. Two long straight parallel conductors carrying currents, exert a force on
each other. Why ? Derive an expression for the force per unit length
between two long straight parallel conductors carrying currents in
opposite directions. Explain the nature of the force between these
conductors. 3

24. A sinusoidal voltage is applied to an electric circuit containing a circuit

ge by .
2
(a) Identify the circuit
(b) Write the formula for its reactance.
(c) Show graphically the variation of this reactance with frequency of
ac voltage.
(d) Explain the behaviour of this element when it is used in (i) an ac
circuit, and (ii) a dc circuit. 3

13-55/3/1 15 P.T.O.
25. {Zdm©V _| {H$gr {dÚwV-Mwå~H$s` Va§J Ho$ {dÚwV joÌ H$mo Bg àH$ma {X`m J`m h¡ :

E = (6·3 N/C) [cos (1·5 rad/m) y + (4·5 108 rad/s) t] ^i

(H$) Va§J H$s Va§JX¡¿`© Am¡a Amd¥{Îm kmV H$s{OE &

(I) ?

(J) Bg Va§J Ho$ Mwå~H$s` joÌ Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ {b{IE & 3

26. ~moa H$m àW_ Am¡a {ÛVr` A{^J¥hrV {b{IE & BZH$m Cn`moJ H$aHo$ hmBS´>moOZ na_mUw H$s
ndt H$jm H$s {ÌÁ`m Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ ì`wËnÞ H$s{OE & 3

27. (H$) na_mUw Ðì`_mZ _mÌH$ (u) H$mo n[a^m{fV H$s{OE &
(I) {H$gr S>çyQ>oam°Z H$mo BgHo$ Ad`dm| (àmoQ>m°Z Am¡a Ý`yQ´>m°Z) _| n¥WH²$ H$aZo Ho$ {bE
Amdí`H$ D$Om© n[aH${bV H$s{OE & {X`m J`m h¡ : 3

m(D) = 2.014102 u

mH = 1.007825 u

mn = 1.008665 u

28. (H$) {H$gr p-n g§{Y S>m`moS> H$m V I A{^bmj{UH$ àmßV H$aZo Ho$ {bE n[anW AmaoI
It{ME & (i) AJ«{X{eH$ ~m`g, Am¡a (ii) níM{X{eH$ ~m`g _| V I
A{^bmj{UH$ Ho$ _w»` bjUm| H$s g§jon _| ì`m»`m H$s{OE & 3

AWdm
(I) D$Om© ~¡ÊS> AmaoIm| Ho$ AmYma na {H$gr (i) {dÚwVamoYr, (ii) AY©MmbH$ Am¡a
(iii) MmbH$ Ho$ ~rM {d^oXZ H$s{OE & 3

13-55/3/1 16
25. The electric field in an electromagnetic wave in vacuum is given by :

E = (6·3 N/C) [cos (1·5 rad/m) y + (4·5 108 rad/s) t] ^i

(a) Find the wavelength and frequency of the wave.

(b) What is the amplitude of the magnetic field of the wave ?

(c) Write an expression for the magnetic field of this wave. 3

26. nd second postulates. Use them to derive an

expression for the radius of the nth orbit in a hydrogen atom. 3

27. (a) Define atomic mass unit (u).

(b) Calculate the energy required to separate a deuteron into its

constituent parts (a proton and a neutron). Given : 3

m(D) = 2.014102 u

mH = 1.007825 u

mn = 1.008665 u

28. (a) Draw the circuit diagrams for obtaining the V I characteristics of
a p-n junction diode. Explain briefly the salient features of the
V I characteristics in (i) forward biasing, and (ii) reverse biasing. 3

OR

(b) On the basis of energy band diagrams, distinguish between (i) an

insulator, (ii) a semiconductor, and (iii) a conductor. 3

13-55/3/1 17 P.T.O.
 IÊS> K
àH$aU AÜ``Z AmYm[aV àíZ
29 30

29. Ho$ ~rM

2·0 cm Xÿar H$m g_mZ n¥WH$Z h¡, x-Aj Ho$ bå~dV² ì`dpñWV {H$E JE h¢ & àË`oH$
n{Å>H$m H$m {dÚwV {d^d A§{H$V h¡ & n{Å>H$mAm| $ ~rM {dÚwV joÌ EH$g_mZ
h¡ VWm n{Å>H$mAm| Ho$ A{^bå~dV² h¡ &

(i) E , ^i Ho$ AZw{Xe h¡ ? 1

(A) I (B) II
(C) III (D) IV

(ii) {H$gr B IV H$s n{Å>H$mAm| Ho$ ~rM _Ü` _wº$ {H$`m J`m h¡ & `h : 1
(A) {Z`V Mmb go ^i Ho$ AZw{Xe J_Z H$aoJm
(B) {Z`V Mmb go ^i Ho$ AZw{Xe J_Z H$aoJm
(C) ^i Ho$ AZw{Xe Ëd[aV hmoJm
(D) ^i Ho$ AZw{Xe Ëd[aV hmoJm

(iii) _mZ br{OE {H$gr ^r goQ> H$s ~m`t n{Å>H$m {Ogo x = 0 m na {b`m J`m h¡, na
{d^d V0 h¡ & V~ CZ n{Å>H$mAm| Ho$ ~rM goQ> Ho$ {H$gr {~ÝXþ (0 x 2 cm) na
{d^d V H$mo Bg àH$ma ì`º$ {H$`m Om gH$Vm h¡ : 1
(A) V = V0 + x (B) V = V0 + x2
(C) V = V0 + x1/2 (D) V = V0 + x3/2
`hm± H$moB© YZmË_H$ AWdm G$UmË_H$ {Z`Vm§H$ h¡ &
13-55/3/1 18
 SECTION D
Case Study Based Questions

Questions number 29 and 30 are case study based questions. Read the following
paragraphs and answer the questions that follow.

29. The figure shows four pairs of parallel identical conducting plates,
separated by the same distance 2.0 cm and arranged perpendicular to
x-axis. The electric potential of each plate is mentioned. The electric field
between a pair of plates is uniform and normal to the plates.

(i) For which pair of the plates is the electric field E along ^i ? 1
(A) I (B) II
(C) III (D) IV

(ii) An electron is released midway between the plates of pair IV. It

will : 1
(A) move along ^i at constant speed
(B) move along ^i at constant speed

(C) accelerate along ^i

(D) accelerate along ^i

(iii) Let V0 be the potential at the left plate of any set, taken to be at
x = 0 m. Then potential V at any point (0 x 2 cm) between the
plates of that set can be expressed as : 1
(A) V = V0 + x (B) V = V0 + x2
(C) V = V0 + x1/2 (D) V = V0 + x3/2
where is a constant, positive or negative.
13-55/3/1 19 P.T.O.
 (iv) (H$) I, II, III Am¡a IV Ho$ ~rM {dÚwV joÌm| Ho$
n[a_mU H«$_e: E1, E2, E3 Am¡a E4 h¢ & V~ : 1
(A) E1 > E2 > E3 > E4 (B) E3 > E4 > E1 > E2

(C) E4 > E3 > E2 > E1 (D) E2 > E3 > E4 > E1

AWdm
(I) H$s Xm`t n{Å>H$m go grYo hr ~m`t n{Å>H$m H$s
I
Amoa àjo{nV {H$`m J`m h¡ & `h R>rH$ n{Å>H$m na {dam_ _| Am OmVm h¡ &
{Og Mmb go Bgo àjo{nV {H$`m J`m Wm dh h¡ bJ^J :
(e/m =1.76 1011 C/kg br{OE) 1

(A) 1.3 105 m/s (B) 2.6 106 m/s

(C) 6.5 105 m/s (D) 5.2 107 m/s

30. {ddV©Z Am¡a ì`{VH$aU {ZH$Q>V_ n[aKQ>ZmE± h¢ Omo EH$ gmW KQ>Vr h¢ & {ddV©Z Eogr
n[aKQ>Zm h¡ {Og_| àH$me ~mYm Ho$ H$moUm| (erfm]) na PwH$Vm h¡, O~{H$ àH$me Ho$ ì`{VH$aU
_| Va§Jm| Ho$ g§`moOZ go EH$ Z`m Va§J n¡Q>Z© ~ZVm h¡ & ì`{VH$aU Ho$ {bE H$_-go-H$_ {ddV©Z
H$aVr Xmo Va§Jm| H$m hmoZm Amdí`H$ h¡ & AV: {ddV©Z {~Zm ì`{VH$aU Ho$ hmo gH$Vm h¡,
O~{H$ ì`{VH$aU {~Zm {ddV©Z Ho$ Zht hmo gH$Vm h¡ &
{H$gr AnmaXeu nXmW© _| Xmo {P[a`m± h¢ 2 m h¡ VWm CZHo$ ~rM
H$s Xÿar 6 m h¡, {P[a`m| na Va§JX¡¿`© 450 nm Ho$ EH$dUu àH$me H$m bå~dV² AmnVZ
H$amH$a naXo na g§`wº$ ì`{VH$aU Am¡a {ddV©Z n¡Q>Z© àmßV hmoVm h¡ &
(i) {ddV©Z n¡Q>Z© Ho$ AmdaU Ho$ Ho$ÝÐr` erf© Ho$ ^rVa ~ZZo dmbo ì`{VH$aU q\«$Om| Ho$
erfm] H$s g§»`m hmoJr : 1
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 6

(ii) {P[a`m| Ho$ ~rM H$s Xÿar H$mo g_mZ aIVo hþE `{X {P[a`m| H$s Mm¡ JwZr H$a X|,
Vmo ~ZZo dmbo ì`{VH$aU Ho$ erfm] H$s g§»`m hmoJr : 1
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4

13-55/3/1 20
 (iv) (a) Let E1, E2, E3 and E4 be the magnitudes of the electric field
between the pairs of plates, I, II, III and IV respectively.
Then : 1
(A) E1 > E2 > E3 > E4 (B) E3 > E4 > E1 > E2

(C) E4 > E3 > E2 > E1 (D) E2 > E3 > E4 > E1

OR
(b) An electron is projected from the right plate of set I directly
towards its left plate. It just comes to rest at the plate. The
speed with which it was projected is about :
(Take (e/m) =1.76 1011 C/kg) 1
(A) 1.3 105 m/s (B) 2.6 106 m/s
(C) 6.5 105 m/s (D) 5.2 107 m/s

30. Diffraction and interference are closely related phenomena that occur
together. Diffraction is the phenomenon of bending of light around the
edges of the obstacle, while interference is the combination of waves that
results in a new wave pattern. In order to get interference, there must be
at least two waves that are diffracting. So while diffraction can occur
without interference, interference cannot occur without diffraction.
Two slits of width 2 m each in an opaque material are separated by a
distance of 6 m. Monochromatic light of wavelength 450 nm is incident
normally on the slits. One finds a combined interference and diffraction
pattern on the screen.

(i) The number of peaks of the interference fringes formed within the
central peak of the envelope of the diffraction pattern will be : 1
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 4 (D) 6

(ii) The number of peaks of the interference formed if the slit width is
doubled while keeping the distance between the slits same will be : 1
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4

13-55/3/1 21 P.T.O.
 (iii) (H$) `{X 450 nm Ho$ ñWmZ na 680 nm Va§JX¡Ü`© Ho$ àH$me H$m EH$ AÝ`
àH$me à`moJ {H$`m OmVm h¡, Vmo {ddV©Z n¡Q>Z© Ho$ AmdaU Ho$ Ho$ÝÐr` erf©
_| ~ZZo dmbo ì`{VH$aU Ho$ erfm] H$s g§»`m hmoJr : 1

(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 9
AWdm
(I) Bg àH$aU AÜ``Z _| d{U©V EH$b {Par Ûmam àH$me Ho$ {ddV©Z na {dMma
H$s{OE & nhbm {ZpåZîR> {Og H$moU na {JaoJm, dh H$moU h¡ : 1

(A) sin 1 (0.12) (B) sin 1 (0.225)

(C) sin 1 (0.32) (D) sin 1 (0.45)

4
(iv) {P[a`m| go m H$s Xÿar na pñWV naXo Ho$ 1m na ì`{VH$aU Ho$ H$maU ~ZZo dmbr
3
M_H$sbr q\«$µOm| H$s g§»`m h¡ : 1

(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 6 (D) 10

IÊS> L>
31. (H$) (i) {H$gr g_mÝVa n{Å>H$m g§Ym[aÌ, {OgH$s n{Å>H$mAm| Ho$ ~rM H$moB© namd¡ÚwV
_mÜ`_ h¡, H$s Ym[aVm Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ àmßV H$s{OE &
(ii) 0·2 m {ÌÁ`m Ho$ {H$gr YmpËdH$ ImoIbo Jmobo H$mo 6 C Amdoe {X`m J`m
h¡ & Bg Jmobo Ho$ (i) n¥îR> Am¡a (ii) Ho$ÝÐ na {d^d kmV H$s{OE & 5
AWdm
(I) (i) {ÌÁ`m R Ho$ {H$gr nVbo MmbH$ Jmobr` Imob na + Q Amdoe pñWV h¡ &
JmCg Ho$ à_o` H$m Cn`moJ H$aHo$ Imob Ho$ {H$gr {~ÝXþ (i) Omo Imob Ho$ ^rVa
h¡, VWm (ii) Omo Imob go ~mha h¡, na {dÚwV joÌ Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ ì`wËnÞ
H$s{OE &
(ii) `h Xem©BE {H$ g_mZ Amdoe KZËd ( ) Ho$ {bE MmbH$ n{Å>H$m AWdm
n¥îR>> Ho$ àH$aU _| {dÚwV joÌ {H$gr Hw$MmbH$ erQ> Ho$ {dÚwV joÌ H$m Xmo
JwZm hmoVm h¡ & 5

13-55/3/1 22
 (iii) (a) If instead of 450 nm light, another light of wavelength
680 nm is used, number of peaks of the interference formed
in the central peak of the envelope of the diffraction pattern
will be : 1
(A) 2 (B) 4
(C) 6 (D) 9
OR
(b) Consider the diffraction of light by a single slit described in
this case study. The first minimum falls at an angle equal
to : 1
(A) sin 1 (0.12) (B) sin 1 (0.225)
(C) sin 1 (0.32) (D) sin 1 (0.45)
(iv) The number of bright fringes formed due to interference on 1 m of
4
screen placed at m away from the slits is : 1
3
(A) 2 (B) 3
(C) 6 (D) 10

SECTION E

31. (a) (i) Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor with a dielectric medium between its plates.

(ii) A charge of 6 C is given to a hollow metallic sphere of radius

0.2 m. Find the potential at (i) the surface and (ii) the centre
of the sphere. 5
OR

(b) (i) A charge + Q is placed on a thin conducting spherical shell of

rad an expression for the
electric field at a point lying (i) inside and (ii) outside the shell.

(ii) Show that the electric field for same charge density ( ) is
twice in case of a conducting plate or surface than in a
nonconducting sheet. 5

13-55/3/1 23 P.T.O.
32. (H$) (i) (1) {H$gr J¡ëdoZmo_rQ>a H$s Ymam ? CZ H$maH$m|
H$m CëboI H$s{OE {OZ na `h {Z^©a H$aVr h¡ &
(2) {H$gr J¡ëdoZmo_rQ>a {OgH$m à{VamoY G h¡, H$mo {H$gr à{VamoY R H$m
Cn`moJ H$aHo$ (0 V) n[aga Ho$ dmoëQ>_rQ>a _| n[ad{V©V {H$`m J`m
V
h¡ & Bgr J¡ëdoZmo_rQ>a H$mo 0 n[aga Ho$ dmoëQ>_rQ>a _|
2
n[ad{V©V H$aZo Ho$ {bE Amdí`H$ à{VamoY H$m _mZ, R Am¡a G Ho$
nXm| _| kmV H$s{OE &
(ii) 5 à{VamoY H$s {H$gr Hw$ÊS>br go JwµOaZo dmbo
gmW Bg àH$ma d¥{Õ hmoVr h¡ :
= (2.0 t3 + 5.0 t2 + 6.0 t) mWb

t = 2 s na Hw$ÊS>br _| ào[aV Ymam H$m n[a_mU kmV H$s{OE & 5

AWdm
(I) (i) N \o$am| VWm AZwàñW-H$mQ> joÌ\$b A H$s {H$gr Am`VmH$ma Hw$ÊS>br H$mo
ñWm`r H$moUr` Mmb go {H$gr EH$g_mZ Mwå~H$s` joÌ _| KyU©Z H$am`m
J`m h¡ & {H$gr ^r g_` na Hw$ÊS>br _| ào[aV {d.dm. ~b (emf) Ho$ {bE
ì`§OH$ àmßV H$s{OE &
(ii) Xmo g_Vbr` VWm g§Ho$ÝÐr d¥ÎmmH$ma nme L1 Am¡a L2 AnZo Ho$ÝÐm| H$mo g§nmVr
aIVo hþE g_mj pñWV h¢ & L1 Am¡a L2 H$s {ÌÁ`mE± H«$_e: 1 cm Am¡a
100 cm h¢ & BZ nmem| H$m AÝ`moÝ` àoaH$Ëd n[aH${bV H$s{OE &
( 2 = 10 br{OE) 5

33. (H$) (i) {H$gr {Ì^wOmH$ma {àµÁ_ go AndV©Z H$mo Xem©Zo dmbr àH$me {H$aU H$m nW
Amao{IV H$s{OE Am¡a A, i Am¡a e Ho$ nXm| _| {dMbZ H$moU ( ) Ho$ {bE
ì`§OH$ àmßV H$s{OE & `hm± àVrH$m| Ho$ AnZo gm_mÝ` AW© h¢ & AmnVZ H$moU
Ho$ gmW {dMbZ H$moU Ho$ {dMaU H$mo Xem©Zo Ho$ {bE J«m \$ It{ME &
13-55/3/1 24
32. (a) (i) (1) What is meant by current sensitivity of a galvanometer ?
Mention the factors on which it depends.

(2) A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a

voltmeter of range (0 V) by using a resistance R. Find
the resistance, in terms of R and G, required to convert it
V
into a voltmeter of range 0 .
2

(ii) The magnetic flux through a coil of resistance 5 increases

with time as :

= (2.0 t3 + 5.0 t2 + 6.0 t) mWb

Find the magnitude of induced current through the coil at

t = 2 s. 5

OR

(b) (i) A rectangular coil of N turns and area of cross-section A is

rotated at a steady angular speed in a uniform magnetic
field. Obtain an expression for the emf induced in the coil at
any instant of time.

(ii) Two coplanar and concentric circular loops L1 and L2 are

placed coaxially with their centres coinciding. The radii of L1
and L2 are 1 cm and 100 cm respectively. Calculate the
mutual inductance of the loops. (Take 2 = 10) 5

33. (a) (i) Trace the path of a ray of light showing refraction through a
triangular prism and hence obtain an expression for angle of
deviation ( ) in terms of A, i and e, where symbols have their
usual meanings. Draw a graph showing the variation of angle
of deviation with the angle of incidence.

13-55/3/1 25 P.T.O.
 (ii)
na CgHo$ EH$ \$bH$ go 45 Ho$ H$moU na AmnVZ H$aVr h¡ & {ZJ©V {H$aU
\$bH$ AB Ho$ AZw{Xe J_Z H$aVr h¡ & Ðd H$m AndV©Zm§H$ kmV H$s{OE &
5

AWdm
(I) (i) Xmo H$bm-g§~Õ àH$me òmoVm| go {ZH$bZo dmbr Xmo àH$me Va§Jm|, {OZ_|
àË`oH$ H$m Am`m_ VWm Amd¥{Îm h¡, Ho$ {dñWmnZ y1 = a cos t Am¡a
y2 = a cos ( t + ) Ûmam {Zê${nV {H$E JE h¢ & `hm± XmoZm| Va§Jm| Ho$ ~rM
H$bmÝVa h¡ & `o XmoZm| àH$me Va§J| {H$gr {~ÝXþ na AÜ`mamonU H$aVr h¢ & Cg
{~ÝXþ na n[aUm_r Vrd«Vm Ho$ {bE ì`§OH$ àmßV H$s{OE &

(ii) `§J Ho$ {Û{Par à`moJ _|, O~ Xmo {P[a`m| go {ZH$bZo dmbr Va§J| {H$gr naXo
Ho$ Xmo {~ÝXþAm| na (i) Am¡a (ii) Ho$ nWmÝVa na nhþ±MVr h¢, Vmo BZ
6 12
{~ÝXþAm| na Vrd«VmAm| H$m AZwnmV kmV H$s{OE & 5

13-55/3/1 26
 (ii) In the figure, a ray of light is incident on a transparent liquid
contained in a thin glass box at an angle of 45 with its one
face. The emergent ray passes along the face AB. Find the
refractive index of the liquid. 5

OR

(b) (i) The displacement of two light waves,

frequency , emanating from two coherent sources of light,
are given by y1 = a cos t and y2 = a cos ( t + ). is the
phase difference between the two waves. These light waves
superpose at a point. Obtain the expression for the resultant
intensity at that point.

(ii) , find the ratio of intensities

at two points on a screen when waves emanating from two
slits reaching these points have path differences (i) and
6
(ii) . 5
12

13-55/3/1 27 P.T.O.
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2024
SUBJECT PHYSICS ( CODE 55/3/1)
General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct assessment of
the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems which may affect the
future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To avoid mistakes, it is
requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand the spot evaluation
guidelines carefully.

2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the

examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to public in
any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the life and future
of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone, publishing in any
magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action under various rules of
the Board and IPC.”

3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be done
according to one‟s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should be
strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which are
based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be assessed for
their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating
two competency-based questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is
not from marking scheme but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be awarded.

4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers. These are in the nature
of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have their own
expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded accordingly.

5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator on
the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in the
Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring
that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.

6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS „X” be marked.
Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is correct
and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are committing.

7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded for
different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may be followed strictly.

8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.

55/3/1 Page 1 of 15
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks should
be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.

10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.

11 A full scale of marks 0-70 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer
deserves it.

12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours every
day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books per day in other
subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the reduced syllabus and number
of questions in question paper.

13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the Examiner in
the past:-

● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.

● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark is
correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for incorrect
answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should be
marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

15 Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error detected by
the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the evaluation work as also
of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all concerned, it is again reiterated that the
instructions be followed meticulously and judiciously.

16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines for Spot
Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.

17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to the title
page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of the
prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head Examiners are once
again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out strictly as per value points for
each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

55/3/1 Page 2 of 15
 MARKING SCHEME : PHYSICS (042)
CODE :55/3/1
Q.NO. VALUE POINTS/ EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL
MARKS
SECTION-A
1. (B) Spherical surface 1 1
2. (B) 1.6 ×10-18 J 1 1
3.  1 1
(C) –(0.24 nT) k
4. (D) remain stationary 1 1
5. (B) 0.3 MB 1 1
6. (C) 15.0 V 1 1
7. (B) l is decreased and A is increased 1 1
8. (B) Gamma rays 1 1
9. (B) 2 1 1
10. (C)

1 1

11. (B) decreased by 87.5% 1 1

12. (B) 0.05 eV 1 1
13. (D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false. 1 1
14. (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. 1 1
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion(A).
16. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion(A).
SECTION- B
17.
(a) Meaning of relaxation time ½
Derivation of R 1½
Average time between two successive collisions of electron in presence
of electric field ½
Drift velocity of an electron
eE
d      (i) ½
m
Current flowing through a conductor of length l and area of cross section
A
I  neAd    (ii)
ne2 AE ne2 A V
I 
m ml ½
V ml
R  2
I ne  A ½ 2
OR
(b) Circuit diagram of Wheatstone bridge ½
Obtaining the condition when no current flows through
galvanometer 1½

55/3/1 Page 3 of 15
 ½

By applying Kirchoff‟s loop rule to closed loops ADBA and CBDC

-I1R1 + 0 + I2R2 = 0 -----(i) [Ig =0]
I2R4 + 0 – I1R3 = 0 -----(ii) ½
From eq (i)-
I1 R2
 ½
I 2 R1
From eq (ii)-
I1 R4

I 2 R3
Hence,
R2 R4 ½

R1 R3 2
18.
Finding the focal length of objective lens 2

Magnifying power = 24 , Distance between lenses =150 cm

fo
 24 ½
fe
fo  fe 150cm ½
fe  6cm ½
fo  144cm ½ 2
19.
(a) Explanation of magnification 1
(b) Explanation 1

(a) Yes, it offers magnification. ½

We can keep the small object much closer to the eye than 25 cm and
hence have it subtend a large angle. ½
(b) Yes, ½
Rays converging to a point behind a plane or convex mirror are reflected
to a point in front of the mirror on a screen ½ 2
20.
Calculation of number of photons per second 2

Total Energy gained per second from photon= IA

E  N h ½

55/3/1 Page 4 of 15
 hc
IA  N 

[ IA]
N
hc
[0.1109  0.4 104 ]  500 109
N 1
6.6 1034  3 108
N  1.01104 ½ 2
21.
Calculation of concentration of holes & electrons 2

ne n h  ni2 ½
nh  51022 / m3
ni2
ne 
nh
(1.5 1016 ) 2
ne  ½
5 1022
ne  4.5 109 / m3 ½
nh > ne , it is a p- type crystal ½ 2
SECTION- C
22.
Determination of current in branches AB, AC, BC 1+1+1

For closed loop ADCA ,

10  4(I1  I 2 )  2(I2  I3  I1 )  I1  0
7 I1  6I 2  2I3  10      (i)
½
For closed loop ABCA ,
10  4I 2  2(I2  I3 )  I1  0
I1  6I 2  2I3  10      (ii) ½
For closed loop BCDED ,
5  2(I2  I3 )  2(I2  I3  I1 )  0
½
2 I1  4I 2  4I3  5      (iii)
5
Current in branch AB = I 2  A
8 ½
Current in branch AC = I1  2.5 A ½
½ 3
Current in branch BC = I 2  I3  2.5 A

55/3/1 Page 5 of 15
23.
Reason for exerting force on straight parallel conductors ½
Derivation for force per unit length 2
Explanation of nature of Force ½

One conductor experiences a force due to magnetic field of the other ½

conductor

Magnetic field produced by conductor „a‟ at all points along the length
of conductor „b‟
I
Ba  0 a
2 d ½
Force on conductor „b‟ due to this magnetic field
Fba  Ib LBa
½
I IL
Fba  0 a b
2 d
Fba 0 I a Ib
fba   directed awayfroma
L 2 d ½
F I I
f ab  ab  0 a b directed awayfrom b
L 2 d
Repulsive, the forces acting on them are away from each other. ½ 3
24.
(a) Identifying the element X ½
(b) Writing the formula for reactance ½
(c) Showing variation of reactance with frequency 1
(d) Explanation of behavior of element with
(i) an ac circuit ½
(ii) a dc circuit ½
½
(a) Capacitor ½
1
(b)  c 
c ½

55/3/1 Page 6 of 15
 (c)

(d) (i) For ac Xc is finite and therefore allows the ac to pass. ½

(ii) For dc Xc is infinite and therefore does not allow the dc to pass. ½ 3
25.
(a) Finding the wavelength and frequency 1+1
(b) Finding the amplitude of magnetic field ½
(c) Writing expression for magnetic field ½

2
(a) k 
 ½
2 4
  m  4.18m ½
K 3
  2
 4.5 108
  Hz
2 2 ½
9
 108 Hz
4 ½
  7.16 101 Hz
E
(b) B0  0
c
6.3 ½
B0   2.1108 T
3 108

(c) B  2.1108[(cos1.5rad/ m) y (4.5 108 rad/ s) t]kˆ T ½ 3

26.
Statements of Bohr‟s first and second Postulates ½+½
Derivation of expression for radius of nth orbit 2

 Bohr’s first postulate

An electron in an atom revolves in certain stable orbits without ½
the emission of radiant energy.
 Bohr’s second postulate
Electron revolves around the nucleus only in those orbits for
h ½
which the angular momentum is integral multiple of .
2

Electrostatic force between revolving electron and nucleus provides

requisite centripetal force
mvn2 1 e2
 ½
rn 4 0 rn2

55/3/1 Page 7 of 15
 e
vn       (i)
4 0 mrn ½

nh ½
mvn rn       (ii)
2

using equations (i) and (ii)

 n 2   h  4 0
2

rn     ½ 3
 m   2  e
2

27.
(a) Definition of atomic mass unit (u) 1
(b) Calculation of energy required 2

(a) atomic mass unit (u) is defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon 1
( 12C ) atom.
(b) m  1 H 2   m  1 H 1   m  0 n1 
½
Q  (mR  mP )  931.5 MeV
 (2.014102 1.007825 1.008665)  931.5 MeV ½
  0.002388  931.5 MeV ½
  2.224 MeV
½ 3
Hence energy required is 2.224 MeV
28.
(a) (a) Drawing the circuit diagram for V-I characteristics 1
Salient features of V-I characteristics in
(i) Forward biasing 1
(ii) Reverse biasing 1

[any one circuit diagram]

Salient features
(i) Forward biasing- After threshold voltage or cut in voltage diode 1
current increases significantly (exponentially), even for a small increase
in the diode bias voltage.
(ii) Reverse biasing- Current is very small (⁓μA) and almost remains 1
constant and it increases rapidly after breakdown voltage.

OR

55/3/1 Page 8 of 15
 (b) Energy band diagrams
Difference between
(i) an insulator
(ii) a semiconductor
(iii) a metal 1+1+1

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

1
3

SECTION- D
29. (i) (D) IV 1

(ii) (D) accelerate along  i
1
(iii) (A) V= V0 + αx
1
(iv) (a) (C) E4> E3 > E2 > E1
OR 1 4
(b) (B) 2.6× 106 m/s
30. (i) (D) 6 1
(ii) (C) 3 1
(iii) (a) (C) 6
OR 1
(b) sin-1(0.225)
(iv) (D) 10 1 4
SECTION-E
31.
(a) (i) Obtaining expression for the capacitance 3
(ii) Finding the electric potential 2
(i) at the surface
(ii) at the centre

(i) When a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of capacitor, there
is induced charge density σP which opposes the original charge density

55/3/1 Page 9 of 15
(σ) on the plate of capacitance. ½
Electric field with dielectric medium is

V E d ½

½
σd Qd
V ½

K ½
C

(ii) Electric potential due to a point charge

V ½

(i) At the surface

V ½

(ii) Since electric field inside the hollow sphere is zero, hence V is same
as that of the surface and remains constant throughout the volume. ½
V
OR
(b) (i) Expression for electric field at a point lying
(i) inside 1
(ii) outside 2
(ii) Explanation 2

(i) Field inside the shell

The Flux through the Gaussian surface is

½
E R
In this case Gaussian surface encloses no charge.
Hence R
½
E =0

(Note: Award full credit of this part if a student writes directly E=0,
mentioning as there is no charge enclosed by Gaussian surface)

55/3/1 Page 10 of 15
 (ii) Field outside the shell-

Electric flux through Gaussian surface

𝜎 4𝜋𝑅 2 ½
𝐸 4πr 𝜀

Charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface

4 2

Using Gauss‟s law: ½

∫ ⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
4 2

σ 𝑅2 𝑞
𝐸 ½
𝜀 𝑟2 4πε 𝑟 2

(ii) For conducting sheet,

Electric field due to a conducting sheet
σ
𝐸𝑐 𝜀 ½

For non-conducting sheet ½

σ
𝐸𝑛𝑐 𝜀
Since surface charge density is same. ½
2E𝑛𝑐 𝐸𝑐 ½ 5
32.
(a) (i)(1) Meaning of current sensitivity, mentioning factors 2
(2) Finding the required resistance 1½
(ii) Finding the induced current 1½
(i) (1). Current sensitivity of galvanometer is defined as the deflection per
unit current. 1
Alternatively,

Factors
Number of turns in coil, Magnetic field intensity, Area of coil, Torsional
½+½
Constant (Any two)

55/3/1 Page 11 of 15
(2) for -V Range ½
for - Rang ½

( )
½
(ii) mWb
| | V ½
| | ½

m ½
OR
(b)
(i) Obtaining the expression of emf induced 3
(ii) Calculation of mutual inductance 2

((i) The flux at any instant t is

𝜙 𝑁𝐵𝐴 cos𝜃 NB cos𝜔𝑡 ½

From Faraday‟s law
½

½
cos

sin ½
2 4 2
(ii) ½+½
2 2

2 2
( )
½

H ½
5

55/3/1 Page 12 of 15
33.
(a) (i) Tracing the path of ray ½
Obtaining an expression for angle of deviation 1½
Drawing Graph 1
(ii) Finding the refractive index 2

(i)

For quadrilateral AQNR,

∠A + ∠QNR = 180º --- (i) ½
For triangle QNR
r1 + r2 + ∠QNR = 180º ---- (ii)
comparing equation (i) and (ii)
r1 + r2 = A ------ (iii) ½
The angle of deviation
δ (i – r1 ) + (e – r2 ) ------ (iv)
from equation (iii) and (iv)
𝛿 𝑖 𝑒 𝐴 ½

Graph

(ii)

𝑠𝑖𝑛 4
𝜇
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 ½
For second surface,
sin(900   ) 1

sin 900  ½

55/3/1 Page 13 of 15
 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃 ½
From the triangle GEF
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
½
𝜇
OR
(b) (i) Expression for resultant intensity 3
(ii) Ratio of intensities 2

(i) 𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙
According to the principle of superposition
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 ½
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡 ½
Let,
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 ------- (i)
𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 --------(ii) ½
Squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii)
A2  a2 (1  cos ) 2 a 2 sin2
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙
½
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 /
½
𝐼𝛼𝐴
𝐼 𝑘𝐴
where k is constant
½
𝐼 𝑘𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 /
[Award full credit for this part for any other alternative methods]
𝜋 𝜆
(ii) 𝜙 𝜆
𝜋/3 ½

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 /

𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋/
𝐼 3𝐼 ½

𝜋 𝜆
𝜙 𝜋/
𝜆

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋/ ½

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝐼
½ 5
𝐼2 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2

55/3/1 Page 14 of 15
55/3/1 Page 15 of 15
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2024
SUBJECT PHYSICS ( CODE 55/3/2)
General Instructions: -

You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct assessment of
1 the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems which may affect the
future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To avoid mistakes, it is
requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand the spot evaluation
guidelines carefully.

“Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the

2 examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to public in
any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the life and future
of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone, publishing in any
magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action under various rules of
the Board and IPC.”

Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be done
3 according to one‟s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should be
strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which are
based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be assessed for
their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating
two competency-based questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is
not from marking scheme but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be awarded.

The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers. These are in the nature
4 of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have their own
expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded accordingly.

The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator on
5 the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in the
Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after delibration and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring
that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.

Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS „X” be marked.
6 Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is correct
and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are committing.

If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded for
7 different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may be followed strictly.

If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
8 encircled. This may also be followed strictly.

55/3/2 Page 1 of 15
 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks should
9 be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.

No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.
10
A full scale of marks 0-70 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer
11 deserves it.

Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours every
12 day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books per day in other
subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the reduced syllabus and number
of questions in question paper.

Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the Examiner in
13 the past:-

● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.

● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark is
correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for incorrect
answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should be
14 marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.

Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error detected by
15 the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the evaluation work as also
of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all concerned, it is again reiterated that the
instructions be followed meticulously and judiciously.

The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines for Spot
16 Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.

Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to the title
17 page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.

The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of the
18 prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head Examiners are once
again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out strictly as per value points for
each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

55/3/2 Page 2 of 15
 MARKING SCHEME : PHYSICS (042)
CODE: 55/3/2
Q.NO. VALUE POINT/ EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL
MARKS
SECTION A
1. (C) –q and Q + q 1 1
2. (B) 1.6 x 10-18 J 1 1
3.  1 1
(C) –(0.24nT) k
4. o I 2 1 1
(D) Repel each other with a force , per unit length
2 a
5. (B) 0.3 MB 1 1
6. (D) 0.1 C 1 1
7. (B) l is decreased and A is increased 1 1
8. (C) X- rays 1 1
9. (B) 2 1 1
10. (C) 3  2  1 1 1
11. (B) decreases by 87.5% 1 1
12. (B) 0.05 eV 1 1
13. (D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false 1 1
14. (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false 1 1
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion(A)
16. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion(A)
SECTION B
17.
(a) Meaning of relaxation time ½
Derivation of R 1½
Average time between two successive collisions of electron in presence of
electric field. ½
Drift velocity of an electron
eE
d      (i) ½
m
Current flowing through a conductor of length l and area of cross section A
I  neAd    (ii)
ne2 AE ne2 A V
I  ½
m ml
V ml
R  2
I ne  A ½ 2
OR

(b) Circuit diagram of Wheatstone bridge ½

Obtaining the condition when no current flows through
galvanometer 1½

55/3/2 Page 3 of 15
 ½

By applying Kirchoff‟s loop rule to closed loops ADBA and CBDC

-I1R1 + 0+ I2R2 = 0 -----(i) [Ig =0]
I2R4 + 0 – I1R3 = 0 -----(ii) ½
From eq (i)-
I1 R2

I 2 R1
From eq (ii)-
I1 R4
 ½
I 2 R3
Hence,
R2 R4

R1 R3 ½ 2
18.
Finding the focal length of objective lens 2

Magnifying power = 24 , Distance between lenses =150 cm

fo
 24 ½
fe
fo  fe 150cm ½
fe  6cm ½
fo  144cm ½ 2
19.
Differences between interference and diffraction of light 1+1

Interference Diffraction
(i) In interference pattern (i) In diffraction pattern width of
width of each maxima is same. central maxima is twice the width of
secondary maxima. 1+1
(ii) In interference pattern
intensity of all maxima is (ii) In diffraction pattern intensity of
same. maxima goes on decreasing as we
move away from central maxima.
2
[Award full credit if students write any other two differences]

55/3/2 Page 4 of 15
20.
(i) Calculation of Kinetic energy (in eV) 1½
(ii) Stopping potential ½

Using Einstein Photoelectric equation

hc ½
 K .Emax  0

hc
K .Emax   0

1240eVnm
  2.14 eV ½
500 nm
K .Emax  0.34 eV ½
K .Emax  eV0
½ 2
 V0  0.34V
21.
Calculation of concentration of holes and electrons 2

ne n h  ni2 ½
nh  51022 / m3
ni2
ne 
nh
(1.5 1016 ) 2
ne  ½
5 1022
ne  4.5 109 / m3 ½
nh > ne , it is a p- type crystal ½ 2
SECTION C
22.
Calculation of
(a) emf of battery ½
(b) Internal resistance of battery(r) 1½
(c) external resistance (R) 1

(a) V= E=10 V(When key K is open and I=0 A) ½

(b) V=E-Ir (When key K is closed and I=2 A) ½

6=10-2r ½
r = 2Ω ½

(c) E=I(r+R) ½
10=2(2+R)
R= 3 Ω ½ 3
23.

Derivation of torque in vector form 3

55/3/2 Page 5 of 15
 1

Forces on the arms BC and DA are, equal opposite and collinear. Hence they
will cancel each other. ½
The forces on arms AB and CD are F1 and F2 , equal but not collinear. The
magnitude of the torque on the loop is
a a
  F1 sin   F2 sin  ½
2 2
 IabB sin 
 mB sin  (m  IA) ½
  m B ½ 3
24.
Differences between reactance and impedance 1
Showing Ideal inductor in an ac circuit does not dissipate any
power 2

Reactance- It is the measure of opposition to flow of current in ac circuit ½

comprising Inductor or Capacitor.
Impedance- It is the measure of opposition to flow of current in ac circuit
comprising Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor. ½
   0 sin t

I  I 0 sin( t  )   I 0 cos t
2
½
P  I
  0 I 0 sin t cos t
 I
  0 0 2sin t cos  t
2
 I
P  0 0 sin 2t ½
2

55/3/2 Page 6 of 15
 T

 Pdt
P  0T ½
 dt0
T
 0 I0
 2
sin 2tdt
P  0

T
 0 I0 T

2T 0
 sin 2tdt

 I  I
  0 0  cos t 0  0 0 (1 1)
T

2T 2T
P 0 ½
Hence average power associated with inductor is zero.

Alternatively
P   rms I rms cos 
1
For inductive circuit
  / 2

P   rms I rms cos ½
2
P0 ½ 3
25.
(a) Finding the wavelength and frequency 1+1
(b) Finding the amplitude of magnetic field ½
(c) Writing expression for magnetic field ½

2
(a) k 
 ½
2 4
  m  4.18m ½
K 3
  2
 4.5 108
  Hz
2 2 ½
9
 108 Hz
4 ½
  7.16 101 Hz
E
(b) B0  0
c
6.3 ½
B0   2.1108 T
3 10 8

(c) B  2.1108[(cos1.5rad/ m) y (4.5 108 rad/ s) t]kˆ T ½

3

55/3/2 Page 7 of 15
26.
Explanation of origin of spectral lines of hydrogen atom 1
Energy level diagram showing various spectral series of hydrogen atom 2

When an electron makes a transition from higher energy level to a lower

energy orbit, a photon is emitted having energy equal to energy difference 1
between these two orbits.

3
[Do not deduct marks for not showing transition in diagram]

27.
(a) Definition of atomic mass unit (u) 1
(b) Calculation of energy required 2

(a) atomic mass unit (u) is defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon
( 12C ) atom. 1
(b) m  1 H 2   m  1 H 1   m  0 n1 
½
Q  (mR  mP )  931.5 MeV
 (2.014102 1.007825 1.008665)  931.5 MeV ½
  0.002388  931.5 MeV ½
  2.224 MeV
½ 3
Hence energy required is 2.224 MeV
28.
(a) (a) Drawing the circuit diagram for V-I characteristics 1
Salient features of V-I characteristics in
(i) Forward biasing 1
(ii) Reverse biasing 1

55/3/2 Page 8 of 15
 1

[any one circuit diagram]

Salient features
(i) Forward biasing- After threshold voltage or cut in voltage diode current 1
increase significantly (exponentially), even for a small increase in the diode
bias voltage.
(ii) Reverse biasing- Current is very small (⁓μA) and almost remains 1
constant and it increases rapidly after breakdown voltage.
OR

(b) Energy band diagrams

Difference between
(i) an insulator
(ii) a semiconductor
(iii) a metal 1+1+1

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

1
3

SECTION D
29. (i) (D) IV 1

(ii) (D) accelerate along  i
1
(iii) (A) V= V0+αx
1
(iv) (a) (C) E4> E3> E2> E1
OR 1 4
(b) (B) 2.6x106 m/s

55/3/2 Page 9 of 15
30. (i) (D) 6 1
(ii) (C) 3 1
(iii) (a) (C) 6
OR 1
(b) (B) sin-1(0.225)
(iv) (D) 10 1 4
SECTION E
31.
(a) (i) Obtaining expression for the capacitance 3
(ii) Finding the electric potential 2
(i) at the surface
(ii) at the centre
(i) When a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of capacitance, there
is induced charge density σP which opposes the original charge density (σ)
on the plate of capacitance. ½
Electric field with dielectric medium is

V=E d = ½

σd d
V= = ½

K ½
C= =

(ii) Electric potential due to a point charge

V= 4 ½

(i) At the surface

V= 4 ½

V ½

(ii) Since electric field inside the hollow sphere is zero, hence V is same as
that of the surface and remains constant throughout the volume.. ½
V

OR
(b)
(i) Expression for electric field at appoint lying
(i) inside 1
(ii) outside 2
(ii) Explanation 2

55/3/2 Page 10 of 15
(i) Field inside the shell

The Flux through the Gaussian surface is

=E 4 R ½
In this case Gaussian surface enclosed no charge.
Hence 4 R
E =0 ½
(Note: Award full credit of this part if a student writes directly E=0,
mentioning as there is no charge enclosed by Gaussian surface)

(ii) Field outside the shell-

Electric flux through Gaussian surface

𝜎 4𝜋𝑅 2
𝐸 4πr ½
𝜀
Charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface
4 2
½
Using Gauss‟s law:
∫ ⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗
½
4 2

σ 𝑅2 𝑞
𝐸 𝜀 𝑟2 4πε 𝑟 2

(ii) For conducting sheet,

Electric field due to a conducting sheet ½
σ
𝐸𝑐 𝜀

55/3/2 Page 11 of 15
 For non-conducting sheet
σ ½
𝐸𝑛𝑐 𝜀
Since surface charge density is same. ½
2E𝑛𝑐 𝐸𝑐 ½ 5
32.
(a) (i)(1)Meaning of current sensitivity, mentioning factors 2
(2) Finding the required resistance 1½
(ii) Finding the induced current 1½

(i) (1) Current sensitivity of galvanometer is defined as the deflection per

unit current. 1
Alternatively,
=
Factors
No. of turns in coil, Magnetic field intensity, Area of coil, Torsional
½+½
Constant (Any two)

(2) for -V Range ½

for -V Range
½

( )

½
(ii) mWb
| | =5 V
| | ½
= ½
5
= = m
½

OR

(b) (i) Obtaining the expression of emf induced 3

(ii) Calculation of mutual inductance 2

55/3/2 Page 12 of 15
 1

((i) The flux at any instant t is

𝜙 𝑁𝐵𝐴 cos𝜃=NB cos𝜔𝑡

½
From Faraday‟s law
½

cos ½

sin
½
2 4 2
(ii) = ½+½
2 2

2 2
( )
½

½ 5
33.
(a) (i) Tracing the path of Ray ½
Obtaining an expression for angle deviation 1½
Drawing Graph 1
(ii) Finding the refractive index 2

(i)

For quadrilateral AQNR,

∠A + ∠QNR = 180º --- (i) ½
For triangle QNR
r1 + r2 + ∠QNR = 180º ---- (ii)
55/3/2 Page 13 of 15
comparing equation (i) and (ii)
r1 + r2 = A ------ (iii) ½
The angle of deviation
δ = (i – r1 ) + (e – r2 ) ------ (iv)
from equation (iii) and (iv)
𝛿 𝑖 𝑒 𝐴 ½

Graph

(ii)

𝑠𝑖𝑛 4
𝜇
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 ½

𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
For second surface,
sin(900   ) 1
 ½
sin 900 

𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
½
From the triangle GEF
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

𝜇 ½
OR
(b) (i) Expression for resultant intensity 3
(ii) Ratio of intensities 2

(i) 𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙
According to the principle of superposition
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙 ½

55/3/2 Page 14 of 15
 𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙

𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡

Let,
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 ------- (i)
𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 --------(ii) ½

Squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii)

A2  a2 (1  cos ) 2 a 2 sin2
½
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙
½
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙

𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙
½
𝐼𝛼𝐴
𝐼 𝑘𝐴
where k is constant
½
𝐼 𝑘𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙

𝜋 𝜆
(ii) 𝜙 𝜆
𝜋 3 ½

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙

𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋
𝐼 3𝐼 ½

𝜋 𝜆
𝜙 𝜋
𝜆

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋 ½

𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝐼
½ 5
𝐼2 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2

55/3/2 Page 15 of 15
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior School Certificate Examination, 2024
SUBJECT PHYSICS ( CODE 55/3/3)
General Instructions: -
You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct assessment of
1 the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems which may affect the
future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession. To avoid mistakes, it is
requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and understand the spot evaluation
guidelines carefully.
“Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the
2 examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to public in
any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect the life and future
of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to anyone, publishing in any
magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may invite action under various rules of
the Board and IPC.”
Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not be done
3 according to one‟s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking Scheme should be
strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while evaluating, answers which are
based on latest information or knowledge and/or are innovative, they may be assessed for
their correctness otherwise and due marks be awarded to them. In class-X, while evaluating
two competency-based questions, please try to understand given answer and even if reply is
not from marking scheme but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due
marks should be awarded.
The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers. These are in the nature
4 of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The students can have their own
expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks should be awarded accordingly.
The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each evaluator on
5 the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the instructions given in the
Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be zero after deliberation and
discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation shall be given only after ensuring
that there is no significant variation in the marking of individual evaluators.
Evaluators will mark ( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS „X” be marked.
6 Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that answer is correct
and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which evaluators are committing.
If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks awarded for
7 different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may be followed strictly.
If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
8 encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more marks should
9 be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only once.
10

55/3/3 Page 1 of 14
 A full scale of marks 0-70 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the answer
11 deserves it.
Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours every
12 day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books per day in other
subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the reduced syllabus and number
of questions in question paper.
Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the Examiner in
13 the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark is
correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for incorrect
answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should be
14 marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error detected by
15 the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the evaluation work as also
of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all concerned, it is again reiterated that the
instructions be followed meticulously and judiciously.
The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines for Spot
16 Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to the title
17 page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on payment of the
18 prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head Examiners are once
again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out strictly as per value points for
each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

55/3/3 Page 2 of 14
 MARKING SCHEME : PHYSICS (042)
CODE: 55/3/3
Q.NO. VALUE POINT/ EXPECTED ANSWERS MARKS TOTAL
MARKS
SECTION A
1. (B) 0.1mC 1 1
2. (B) 1.6 ×10-18 J 1 1
3.  1 1
(C) –(0.24 nT) k
4. (D) Sodium Chloride 1 1
5. (B) 0.3 MB 1 1
6. (D) 100 V 1 1
7. (B) l is decreased and A is increased 1 1
8. (A) +z direction and in phase with E 1 1
9. (B) 2 1 1
10.  1 1
(A)
2
11. (B) decreased by 87.5% 1 1
12. (B) 0.05 eV 1 1
13. (D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false. 1 1
14. (C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false. 1 1
15. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
16. (A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
SECTION B
17.
Meaning of relaxation time ½
Derivation of R 1½
Average time between two successive collisions of electron in presence of
electric field. ½
Drift velocity of an electron
eE
d      (i) ½
m
Current flowing through a conductor of length l and area of cross section A
I  neAd    (ii)
ne2 AE ne2 A V ½
I 
m ml
V ml
R  2
I ne  A ½
OR

Circuit diagram of Wheatstone bridge ½

Obtaining the condition when current flows through
galvanometer 1½

55/3/3 Page 3 of 14
 ½

By applying Kirchoff‟s loop rule to closed loops ADBA and CBDC

-I1R1 + 0 + I2R2 = 0 -----(i) [Ig =0]
I2R4 + 0 – I1R3 = 0 -----(ii) ½
From eq (i) -
I1 R2
 ½
I 2 R1
From eq (ii) -
I1 R4

I 2 R3
Hence,
R2 R4 ½

R1 R3 2
18.
Finding the focal length of objective lens 2

Magnifying power =24 , Distance between lenses =150 cm

fo ½
 24
fe
fo  fe 150cm ½
fe  6cm ½
fo  144cm ½ 2
19.
Sustained or stable interference 1
Conditions for sustained interference 1
 When position of maxima and minima is not changing with time,
interference pattern is called sustained or stable interference. 1

 Light sources must be coherent 1 2

20.
Possibility of emission of electron 1
Calculation of longest wavelength of emitted electron 1

hc
E


55/3/3 Page 4 of 14
 1240 eV nm ½

600 nm
 2.06 eV
Work function 0  2.3eV
E 0 No emission will take place. ½
hc
max 

1240 eV nm
 ½
2.3 eV
max  539.13nm ½ 2
21.
Calculation of concentration of holes & electrons 2

ne n h  ni2 ½
nh  51022 / m3
ni2
ne 
nh
(1.5 1016 ) 2
ne  ½
5 1022
ne  4.5 109 / m3 ½
nh > ne , it is a p- type crystal ½ 2

SECTION C
22.
Calculation of
(a) Electric field across the wire 1
(b) Current density 1
(c) Average relaxation time (ꞇ) 1
V
(a) E 
l ½
1.0V
  1.0 V/m ½
1.0 m
(b) J  I ½
A
1.6 A
J 7
 1.6 107 A/m 2 ½
1.0 10 m 2

m J
(c)   2
ne E ½
9.11031 11.6

9 1028  1.6 1019 
2

 6.311014 s ½ 3

55/3/3 Page 5 of 14
23.
Derivation of magnetic dipole moment 2½
Gyromagnetic ratio ½

Electron revolve around the nucleus constitute a current

Ie ½
T
2 r
T
v
ev ½
I
2 r
Magnetic moment, M =I.A
ev. r 2
l  ½
2 r
evr
l 
2 ½
( L  mvr )
Since electron has negative charge, μl is opposite in direction of an electron
of angular momentum L.
e
l   L ½
2m
Gyromagnetic ratio- The ratio of magnetic moment to angular momentum
is called gyromagnetic ratio.
e e
That is,  ½ 3
L 2m
[Note- give half mark of gyromagnetic ratio to each student, if it is not
attempted]]
24.
Proof of induced charge 3
Using Faraday‟s law of electromagnetic induction

  ½
t

I ½
R
1  ½
I  
R t 
Q 1  ½
  
t R t 

Q ½
R
Hence induced charge depends on change in magnetic flux, not on the time
interval of flux change. ½ 3
25.
(a) Finding the wavelength and frequency 1+1
(b) Finding the amplitude of magnetic field ½
(c) Writing expression for magnetic field ½

55/3/3 Page 6 of 14
 2
(a) k 
 ½
2 4
  m  4.18m ½
K 3
  2
 4.5 108 ½
  Hz
2 2
9
 108 Hz
4 ½
  7.16 101 Hz
E
(b) B0  0
c
6.3 ½
B0   2.1108 T
3 10 8

(c) B  2.1108[(cos1.5rad/ m) y (4.5 108 rad/ s) t]kˆ T ½ 3

26.
Statement of Bohr‟s second postulates ½
Derivation of rn α n2 2½

Bohr’s second postulate

Electron revolves around the nucleus only in those orbits for which the ½
angular momentum in some integral multiple of h/2π.
Electrostatic force between revolving electron & nucleus provide requisite
centripetal force
mvn 2 1 e2
 ½
rn 4 0 rn 2
e
vn  ____________(i)
4 0 mrn ½
nh
mvn rn  ____________(ii) ½
2
From eqn. (i) and (ii)
 n 2   h  4 0
2

rn    ½

 m   2  e
2

rn  n2 ½ 3
27.
(a) Definition of Atomic mass unit (u) 1
(b) Calculation of energy required 2

(a) Atomic mass unit (u) is defined as 1/12th of the mass of the carbon 1
( 12C ) atom.
(b) m  1 H 2   m  1 H 1   m  0 n1 
½
Q  (mR  mP )  931.5 MeV

55/3/3 Page 7 of 14
  (2.014102 1.007825 1.008665)  931.5 MeV ½
  0.002388  931.5 MeV ½
  2.224 MeV
½ 3
Hence energy required is 2.224 MeV
28.
(a) (a) Drawing of circuit diagram for V-I characteristics 1
Salient features of V-I characteristics in
(i) Forward biasing 1
(ii) Reverse biasing 1

[any one circuit diagram]

Salient features
(i) Forward biasing- After threshold voltage or cut in voltage diode current
increases significantly (exponentially), even for a small increase in the bias 1
voltage.
(ii) Reverse biasing- Current is very small (⁓μA) and almost remains
constant and it increases rapidly after breakdown voltage. 1

OR

(b) Energy band diagrams

Difference between
(i) an insulator
(ii) a semiconductor
(iii) a metal 1+1+1

(i)

55/3/3 Page 8 of 14
 (ii)
1

(iii)

1
3
SECTION D
29. (i) (D) IV 1

(ii) (D) accelerate along  i
1
(iii) (A) V= V0+αx 1
(iv) (a) (C) E4> E3> E2> E1
OR 1 4
(b) (B) 2.6x106 m/s
30. (i) (D) 6 1
(ii) (C) 3 1
(iii) (a) (C)6
OR 1
(b) (B) sin-1(0.225)
(iv) (D) 10 1 4
SECTION E
31.
(a) (i) Obtaining expression for the capacitance 3
(ii) Finding the electric potential 2
(i) at the surface
(ii) at the centre
When a dielectric slab is inserted between the plates of capacitance there is
induced charge density σP which opposes the original charge density (σ) on ½
the plate of capacitance.
Electric field with dielectric medium is

V E d ½

σd d
V A
½

K
C
½

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(ii) Electric potential due to a point charge
V ½
π

(i) At the surface

V ½
π

V ½

(ii) Since electric field inside the hollow sphere is zero, hence V remains
constant throughout the volume.
V ½
OR

(b) (i) Expression for electric field at appoint lying

(i) inside 1
(ii) outside 2
(ii) Explanation 2

(i) Field inside the shell

The Flux through the Gaussian surface is

E πR ½
In this case Gaussian surface enclosed no charge.
Hence πR
E =0 ½
(Note: Award full credit of this part if a student writes directly E=0,
mentioning as there is no charge enclosed by Gaussian surface)

(ii) Field outside the shell-

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 Electric flux through Gaussian surface
𝜎 4𝜋𝑅 2 ½
𝐸 4πr 𝜀
Charge enclosed by the Gaussian surface
4 2

Using Gauss‟s law:

∫ ⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ½
4 2

σ 𝑅2 𝑞
𝐸 ½
𝜀 𝑟2 4πε 𝑟 2

(ii) For conducting sheet,

Electric field due to a conducting sheet
σ
𝐸𝑐 𝜀 ½

For non-conducting sheet

σ
𝐸𝑛𝑐 ½
𝜀
Since surface charge density is same. ½
2E𝑛𝑐 𝐸𝑐 ½ 5
32.
(a) (i)(1) Meaning of current sensitivity, mentioning factors 2
(2) Finding the required resistance 1½
(ii) Finding the induced current 1½

(i) (1) Current sensitivity of galvanometer is defined as the deflection per

unit current. 1
Alternatively,

Factors
Number of turns in coil, Magnetic field intensity, Area of coil, Torsional
½+½
Constant (Any two)

(2) for 0-V Range ½

for 0- Rang
½

( )

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 ½
(ii) mWb
| | 0 10 V ½
| |

½
0 10
A 10 mA ½

OR

(b) (i) Obtaining the expression of emf induced 3

(ii) Calculation of mutual inductance 2

((i) The flux at any instant t is

𝜙 𝑁𝐵𝐴 cos𝜃 NBA cos𝜔𝑡 ½

From Faraday‟s law
½

½
cos

sin ½
2 4 10 2
(ii) ½+½
2 2

2
10 (10 2 )
½
10

½ 5
10
33.
(a) (i) Tracing the path of Ray ½
Obtaining an expression for angle deviation 1½
Drawing Graph 1
(ii) Finding the refractive index 2

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(i)

For quadrilateral AQNR,

∠A + ∠QNR = 180º --- (i)
For triangle QNR ½
r1 + r2 + ∠QNR = 180º ---- (ii)
comparing equation (i) and (ii)
r1 + r2 = A ------ (iii) ½
The angle of deviation
δ (i – r1 ) + (e – r2 ) ------ (iv)
from equation (iii) and (iv)
𝛿 𝑖 𝑒 𝐴 ½

Graph

(ii)

𝑠𝑖𝑛 4
𝜇
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
½
𝜇 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
For second surface,
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
½
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃

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 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝜃
½
From the triangle GEF
𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
½
𝜇
OR
(b) (i) Expression for resultant intensity 3
(ii) Ratio of intensities 2

(i) 𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙
According to the principle of superposition
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝜙 ½
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙
½
𝑦 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜔 𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔 𝑡
Let,
𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 ------- (i)
𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃 --------(ii)
½
Squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii)
A2  a2 (1  cos ) 2 a2 sin2

𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜙

𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙

𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 / ½
𝐼𝛼𝐴
𝐼 𝑘𝐴 ½
where k is constant
𝐼 𝑘𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 / ½
[Award full credit for this part for any other alternative methods]

𝜋 𝜆 ½
(ii) 𝜙 𝜆
𝜋/3
𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜙 /
𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋/
𝐼 3𝐼 ½
𝜋 𝜆
𝜙 𝜋/
𝜆
𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜋/ ½
𝐼 𝐼 𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝐼
𝐼2 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 ½ 5

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