UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI

FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCE

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

REPORT
ON
STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME
(SIWES)
UNDERTAKEN AT SANDA KYARIMI ZOO PARK MAIDUGURI
BY

NAJIHA MUSA BALASA

20/08/02/1082

COURSE: ENVIROMENTAL BIOLOGY

COURSECODE: BIO309
COURSETITLE: INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT
COURSE UNITS: 6 UNIT
FROM JANUARY TO JUNE
20242023/2024 ACADEMIC SESSION
 SANDA KYARIMI PARK (ZOO)
SHEHU LAMNU WAY, MAIDUGURI
SIWES ASSESSMENT FORM
SECTON A TO BE COMPLETED BY THE STUDENT
1. Name of student........................................................................................
2. Registration No.....................................................................................
3. Faculty...............................................................................
4. Department................................................................................
5. Place of attachment...............................................................................
6. Signature and data......................................................................................
7. Phone No...................................................................................
8. Group................................................................................................
SECTION B. TO BE COMPLETED BY THE INDUSTRY BASED SUPERVISOR
60%
S/NO DETAIL SCORE REMARK
1. Attendance5%
2. Punctuality 5%
3. Job Performance 5%
4. Relationship with industry
supervisor 5%
5. Assignment 10%
6. SIWES Report
7. TOTAL SCORES

...................................................
Name & Signature
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I want to appreciate almighty Allah for giving me strength and resources during the period of
my training. My appreciation also goes to mu parent for their support and sponsorship which is
the reason I am where I am today.my heart goes out to my mother who gives me endless love
and support in my carrier pursuit. I pray may Allah bless them in abundance. I also want to
appreciate the family of (Dr. Musa Mohammed Balasa), the manager of sanda kyarimi park
zoo, Maiduguri, Borno state. The staff too are not left out, for their guidance throughout the
training, I want to specially appreciate Mr. Ezekiel saidu for his support and guidance towards
the training. I will like to appreciate my family and friends for their ultimate support in my
education and other life activities. Lastly, I want to appreciate our ITF coordinator, department
of biological science, university of Maiduguri for his moral courage and guidance towards the
training. May almighty bless you all.
 DEDICATION
I dedicate the report to God Almighty my creator who give me the knowledge and
understanding. He has been there throughout my industrial training. I also dedicate this report to
my amazing parent for their endless love and support.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER
PAGE.............................................................................1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT............................................................................2
DEDICATION..................................................................................3
TABLE OF CONTENT..............................................................................4

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION TO
SIWES..........................................................5 AIMS AND
OBJECTIVES OF SIWES..................................................5

CHAPTER TWO
BRIEFT HISTORY OF SANDA KYARIMI PARK.........................................6
ANIMALS IN THE ZOO..................................................................................6

CHAPTER THREE
BRIEFT NOTES ON SOME ANIMALS IN THE
ZOO.......................................8 STEREOTYPIC
BEHAVIOURS.........................................................................13

CHAPTER FOUR
CAPTURING TECHNIQUES................................................................................14
SOME TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS USED IN THE ZOO..................................16

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY.............................................................................................................19
CONCLUSSION........................................................................................................19
RECOMMENDATION..............................................................................................19
REFERENCE..............................................................................................................19
 CHAPTER ONE
HISTORY OF SIWES
SIWES was founded in 1973 by ITF (Industrial Training Funds) to address the problem of
tertiary institution graduates' lack of appropriate skills for employment in Nigerian industries.
The Students' Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was founded to be a skill training
programmed to help expose and prepare students of universities, Polytechnics and colleges of
education for the industrial work situation to be met after graduation.
This system facilitates the transfer from the classroom to the workplace and aids in the
application of knowledge. The program allows students to become acquainted with and exposed
to the experience required in handling and operating equipment and machinery that are typically
not available at their schools.
Prior to the establishment of this scheme, there was a rising concern and trend among
industrialists that graduates from higher education institutions lacked appropriate practical
experience for employment. Students who entered Nigerian universities to study science and
technology were not previously trained in the practical aspects of their chosen fields. As a result
of their lack of work experience, they had difficulty finding work.
The ITF (Industrial Training Fund) organization decided to aid all interested Nigerian
students and created the SIWES program. The federal government officially approved and
presented it in 1974. During its early years, the scheme was entirely supported by the ITF, but
as the financial commitment became too much for the fund, it withdrew in 1978. The
National Universities Commission (NUC) and the National Board for Technical Education
(NBTE) were given control of the scheme by the federal government in 1979. The federal
government handed over supervision and implementation of the scheme to ITF in November
1984. It was taken over by the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in July 1985, with the federal
government bearing entire responsibility for funding.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF SIWES PROGRAMME

 Provide an avenue for students in Institutions of higher learning to acquire industrial skills
and experience in their respective courses of study.
 Prepare students for the Industrial Work situation they are likely to experience after
graduation.
  Expose students to work methods and techniques of handling equipment and machinery
that may not be available in their Institutions.
 Make the transition from school to the world of work easier; and enhance students’
networks for later job placements.
 Provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge to real work situations,
thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 BRIEFT HISTORY OF SANDA KYARIMI ZOO PARK

The Sanda Kyarimi Park is located within the metropolis of Maiduguri Metropolitan
Council (MMC) along Shehu Laminu way. It was established in the year 1970 as a Neem
plantation and serves as a picnic and relaxation area and named after the former Nigerian head
of state General Yakubu Gowon by the defunct Northeastern state government. Few wild
animals and birds donated by traditional rulers, individuals and those Academic Open Forestry
and Wildlife all rights reserved.
Confiscated by wildlife protection staff of the government were kept in captivity in the
plantation. In the year 1974, the president of Kenya visited the state and donated a large
consignment of wild animals from East Africa to the state and the area was called a zoo. In
1976, General Murtala Mohammed named the zoo as Sanda Kyarimi Park to immortalize the
late Shehu of Borno, His Royal Highness Shehu Mustafa Kyari Elkanemi. It is opposite to the
Borno Radio Television Cooperation (B.R.T.V) and adjacent to it are the Open Air
Theatre/Museum and Amusement Park. It covers an area of 17 hectares and houses many
animal species of great beauty and serves as recreational area for people especially during
festivities. According to Borno State Government (2013), three seasons have been identified;
the cool dry harmattan season (October -March), hot dry season (April-June) and the rainy
season (July- September). Temperatures are high all year round with hot season temperatures
ranging between 39°C and 49°C, mean annual rainfall of 708mm and relative humidity that
ranges from 42%-49% (BOSG, 2013). Maiduguri has a population of 4,151,193 comprising of
Kanuri, Bura, Hausa, Shuwa, Margi and Fulani ethnic groups (NBS, 2006). The vegetation of
the area is typically of Sahel Savannah type, consisting of drought resistant and fire tolerant
trees.. Among others. The park is drained by River Ngadabul which passes through the park.

2.1 DEFINATION OF ZOO PARK

A zoo park, also known zoological garden or Wildlife Park, is a facility that houses a collection
of wild animals, often from various parts of the world.

2.2 AIMS OF ESTABLISHING ZOO

  Conservation
 Education
 Recreation and tourism
 Research
 Revenue generation
 Relaxation

Here are the species of animals found in the zoo

1 Lion
2 Elephant
3 Cacape Eland
4 West African dwarf cattle
5 Spotted Hyena
6 Stripped Hyena
7 Jackals
8 Domestic Pig
9 Porcupine
10 Giant Tortoise
11 Nile crocodile
12 Ostrich
14 Chimpanzee
15 Mona Monkey
16 Goat
17 Baboon Monkey
18 Red pates monkey
19 Camel
20 Brahma Chicken
21 Marabou stork etc. and other more
 CHAPTER THREE
Here are some brief note on the animals found in the zoo
HYENA

These carnivores are one of Africa’s top predators; however, there is a common misconception
that they are primarily scavengers. On the contrary, about 70 percent of their diet is composed
of direct kills. They consume animals of various types and sizes, carrion, bones, vegetable
matter, and other animal droppings. Their jaws are among the strongest in relation to the size of
any other mammal. Their jaws and digestive tract allow them to process and obtain nutrients
from skin and bones.
Scientific name croute (spotted hyena), Hyena (striped hyena), Parahyaena brunnea (brown
hyena) weight about 35 to 80 kilograms (77 to 176 pounds)
Size

95 to 150 centimeters in length (37 to 60 inches); 75 to 85 centimeters at the shoulder (30 to 33

inches)

Life span up to 20 years in the wild and 25 years in captivity

Habitat Savannas, grasslands, woodlands, forest edges, sub deserts and mountains up to 4,000
meters (13,000 feet)
Diet Carnivorous
Gestation 90 to 110 days
Predator Humans
There are 3 subspecies of hyena Snares kill about 400 adults per year Clans can grow to

BRAHMA CHICKEN

The Brahma chicken is a breed of chicken that originated in India and was later introduced to
the united Europe. Here are summary of characteristics of the brahma chicken:
Size of brahma chicken: large size (cock: 18-22 ibis, hen: 14-18ibs) pounds (6-8kg)
Appearance: they have soft fluffy feathers that are gentile to touch. Their legs and feathered,
which is donative feature of the bread. They come in various color, including light, dark, and
buff.
Temperament: brahma chickens are known for their calm, gentile, and friendly
Nature: they are docile bird that make great pets, especially for families with children.
Egg –laying: Brahma chicken hens are moderate egg layers, producing around 200-250 brown
eggs per year.
Purpose: Originally bred for meat, Brahma chickens are now primarily kept for exhibition and
pets.
Special feature: known for their large size, gentile nature, and soft feathers
Conservation status: the breed was previously endangered but has since recovered due to
conservation effort
Brahma chicken normally feed on
Layer feed, starter feed, grower feed, fresh water, fresh vegetables, fruits, grains.
Overall, Brahma chickens are beloved breed known for their gentile nature, soft feathers, and
large size. They make great pets for those willing to provide the necessary care and attention.

LION

The lion (panther Leo) is a large cat of the genus panther native Africa and India it has a
muscular, broad chested body, short, rounded head, round ears and a hairy tuft at the end of its
tail. It is sexually dimorphic adult male lion are larger than females and have a prominent
mane.it is a special species, forming group called prides. A lion prides consist of a few adult
males, related females, and clubs. Group of females lions usually hunt together, preying mostly
on a large ungulates. The lion is and keystone predator, although some loins scavenge when
opportunities occur and have been known to hunt humans, lion typically do not actively seek
out and prey on human.
Habitat and distribution: savanna, grasslands, and open woodlands found in Africa and India
inhabit but it has reduced to fragmented populations in sub-Saharan Africa and one population
in western India .it has listed as vulnerable on IUCN red list since 1996 because population in
west African countries have declined by about 45%since the early 1990s.although the cause of
the decline is not fully understood, habit loss and conflict with humans are greatest causes for
concern.
Reproduction and life span:
Female give birth typically 2-4 clubs after a gestation period of around 110 days clubs are born
and rely blind on their mothers for several months.
Lion can live up to 12-16 years in the wild, and 20 years in captivity.

NILE CROCODILE

Nile crocodile (crocodylus niloticus) The Nile crocodile is a very aggressive species of
crocodile that capable of taking almost any animal with in its range. They are general in attack
varieties of prey, they feed on almost all species of fish’s reptiles, birds and mammals. The Nile
is an ambush predator and can wait for house or days for the suitable prey to attack. They have
an extremely power jaw that unique among all animals their teeth is sharp and conical, therefore
its sink in to flesh of the prey allowing for a grip that is almost possible to escape. Nile
crocodile are egg layers and the reproduction are guarded by the female, they are most
dangerous species of crocodiles.

The largest reptile in Africa: the Nile crocodile is the largest reptile in African with males
reaching lengths of up to 22 feet (7 meters) and weighing up to 1,650 pounds (748kg).
Adaptations: Their bodies are adapted for aquatic life, with webbed feet, a streamlined body,
and a powerful tail that enables them to swim fast and maneuver in the water.
Long life span: they can live up to 70 -100 years in the wild, making them one of the longest –
living crocodile species.
Saltwater tolerance: unlike some crocodile other species, Nile crocodile can tolerate some level
of saltwater and have been known to venture in to brackish waters.

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 CAPTURING TECHNIQUES

Capturing techniques also known as trapping, is the process of capturing of wild animals in
their natural habitat without harming or killing them and to stock them in to the zoo park.

We mainly have two capturing techniques which are as follow.

1. Physical /non chemical capturing techniques
2. Chemical capturing techniques

Physical / non chemical capturing techniques: these are commonly capturing techniques that are
used today include the following, cage, net guns, plastic bomas and passive capture. The choice
of a particular method will be dependent on a number of factors, and the nature of species to be
captured and its natural habitat. Traps capturing small animals and net gun for capturing big
wild and animals.

Chemical capturing techniques: has been successfully employed to relocate or treat animals in
the wild resulting in the rescue of many rare and vanishings species. The beginning of the
capturing techniques dates back to use since drugs which have arrange of intended effect from
those which produce a wild spread of muscular paralysis.
The chemical used are phenothiazine’s, thioxanthines, clozapine etc.

4.1 SOME TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USED IN THE ZOO PARK

1. Knife: Use in cutting some of the species of food for easy consumption. Cucumber, water
melon etc.
2. Cutlass: Used in cutting much harder items which cannot be cut using knife. Trees and
grasses.
3. Wheel barrow: is used in carrying or distributing food items for the species in the zoo.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 SUMMARY
I am very grateful to have undergone my industrial training at sanda kyarimi Zoo Park at
Maiduguri Borno state because of the number of skills presented here.

5.2 CONCLUSSION
This report have given me sponsor on my field of study, Mr. Ezekiel Saidu have revealed and
endorsed a lot in to my brain.
A zoo is a place where wild or non-domestic animals are kept so that the number of the families
can come and see. I have list the aims and objective of the zoo in my previous chapters.
The following are the basic importance of establishing zoo conservation, education, recreation
and tourism, research and revenue.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION
Graduates should try as much as possible to learn and involves themselves in entrepreneur skills
acquisition white collar job are definitely good jobs but it takes everyone a steps before getting
the job I celebrate with all students that performed in the industrial training at sanda kyarimi
zoo park and I learn more many things with Mr. Ezekiel Saidu and other staffs.

5.4 REFERENCE
SANDA KYARIMI ZOO PARK MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE