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Problem Set 3

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57 views2 pages

Problem Set 3

Uploaded by

Yousef Khatab
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ain Shams University Freshmen level

Faculty of Engineering Vibrations and Waves


Department of Eng. Phys. & Math. PHM 121 / Fall - 2024

Problem Set # 3
Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)
Select the correct answer

1. The position x of an object varies with time t. For which of the following equations relating x and t is the
motion of the object simple harmonic motion? (There may be more than one correct choice.)

a) x = 5 sin23t b) x = 8 cos 3t c) x = 4 tan 2t d) x = 5 sin 3t e) x = 2 cos(3t - 1)

2. A restoring force of magnitude F acts on a system with a displacement of magnitude x. In which of the
following cases might the system undergo simple harmonic motion?

a) F x b) F sin x c) F x2 d) F x e) F 1/x

3. An object is executing simple harmonic motion. What is true about the acceleration of this object?
(There may be more than one correct choice.)
a) The acceleration is a maximum when the displacement of the object is a maximum.
b) The acceleration is a maximum when the speed of the object is a maximum.
c) The acceleration is a maximum when the displacement of the object is zero.
d) The acceleration is zero when the speed of the object is a maximum.
e) The acceleration is a maximum when the object is instantaneously at rest.

4. The simple harmonic motion of an object is described by the


graph shown in the figure. What is the equation for the position
x(t) of the object as a function of time t?

a) x(t) = (4.0 m) sin [(2π/8.0 s) t + π/3.0]


b) x(t) = (4.0 m) cos [(2π/8.0 s) t + 2π/3.0]
c) x(t) = (4.0 m) cos [(2π/8.0 s) t + π/3.0]
d) x(t) = (4.0 m) cos [(2π/8.0 s) t - π/3.0]
e) x(t) = (8.0 m) cos [(2π/8.0 s) t + π/3.0]

5. A simple harmonic oscillator has an amplitude of 3.50 cm and a maximum speed of 26.0 cm/s. What is
its speed when the displacement is 1.75 cm?
a) 12.0 cm/s b) 22.5 cm/s c) 14.2 cm/s d) 15.0 cm/s e) 17.0 cm/s

6. The displacement of an object oscillating on a spring is given by x(t) = xm cos(ωt + φ). If the initial displacement
is zero and the initial velocity is in the negative x direction, then the phase constant φ is:
a) 0 b) π/2 rad c) π rad d) 3π/2 rad e) 2π rad

7. A certain spring elongates 9.0mm when it is suspended vertically and a block of mass M is hung on it.
The natural angular frequency of this block-spring system:
a) is 0.088 rad/s b) is 33 rad/s c) is 200 rad/s d) is 1140 rad/s e) cannot be computed

8. A mass-spring system is oscillating with amplitude A. The kinetic energy will equal the potential energy only when
the displacement is:
a) zero b) ±A/4 c) ±A/√2 d) ±A/2 e) anywhere between −A and +A
1/2
9. If a simple pendulum is taken from sea level to the top of a high mountain and started at the same angle of
5°, it would oscillate at the top of the mountain
a) slightly slower b) slightly faster c) at exactly the same frequency
d) not at all—it would stop (e) none of these.

Problems

1. The graph of displacement vs. time for a small mass m at the end
of a spring is shown in Fig. 1. At t = 0, x = 0.43 cm. (a) If m =
9.5 g, find the spring constant, k. (b) Write the equation for
displacement x as a function of time. [Pb. 16, Ch. 14]

2. An object of unknown mass m is hung from a vertical spring of unknown spring constant k, and the object
is observed to be at rest when the spring has extended by 14 cm. The object is then given a slight push and
executes SHM. Determine the period T of this oscillation. [Pb. 19, Ch. 14]

3. A 1.60-kg object oscillates from a vertically hanging light spring once every 0.55 s. (a) Write down the
equation giving its position y (+ upward) as a function of time t, assuming it started by being compressed
16 cm from the equilibrium position (where y = 0), and released, (b) How long will it take to get to the
equilibrium position for the first time? (c) What will be its maximum speed? (d) What will be its maximum
acceleration and where will it first be [Pb. 22, Ch. 14]

4. (a) At what displacement of a SHM is the energy half kinetic and half potential? (b) What fraction of the
total energy of a SHM is kinetic and what fraction potential when the displacement is one third the
amplitude? [Pb. 28, Ch. 14]

5. A pendulum has a period of 1.35 s on Earth. What is its period on Mars, where the acceleration of gravity
is about 0.37 that on Earth? [Pb. 41, Ch. 14]

With Best wishes


Physics staff members

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