Revision sheet PHYSICS

Oscillations and Waves

1. The displacement of simple harmonic oscillator after 3 seconds starting from its mean position is equal to half
of its amplitude. The time period of harmonic motion is
(A) 6 s (B) 8 s (C) 12 s (D) 36 s

 1
2. The equation of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is given by x = sin   t +  m. At t = 1s, the
 3
speed of particle will be (Given :  = 3.14)
(A) 0 cm s–1 (B) 157 cm s–1 (C) 272 cm s–1 (D) 314 cm s–1

A
3. A particle executes S.H.M. of amplitude A along x-axis. At t = 0, the position of the particle is x = and it
2
moves along positive x-axis the displacement of particle in time x = A sin (t + ), then the value  will be
   
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 3 4 2

4. A particle is executing Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM). The ratio of potential energy and kinetic energy of
the particle when its displacement is half of its amplitude will be
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 1 : 3

5. In a linear simple harmonic motion (SHM)

(1) Restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement.
(2) The acceleration and displacement are opposite in direction.
(3) The velocity is maximum at mean position.
(4) The acceleration is minimum at extreme points.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) (1), (2) and (3) only (B) (3) and (4) only
(C) (1), (2) and (4) only (D) (1), (3) and (4) only
6. A body is performing simple harmonic with an amplitude of 10 cm. The velocity of the body was tripled by
air Jet when it is at 5 cm from its mean position. The new amplitude of vibration is x cm. The value of x is
________.

 
7. The displacement of a particle executing SHM is given by x = 10 sin  t +  m. The time period of motion
 3
is 3.14 s. The velocity of the particle at t = 0 is _________ m/s.

8. A particle executes simple harmonic motion with an amplitude of 4 cm. At the mean position, velocity of the
particle is 10 cm/s. The distance of the particle from the mean position when its speed becomes 5 cm/s is 
cm, where  = __________.

9. A simple harmonic oscillator has an amplitude A and time period 6 second. Assuming the oscillation starts
from its mean position, the time required by it to travel from x = A to
3 
x= A will be s, where x = _________.
2 x
10. A particle starts executing simple harmonic motion (SHM) of amplitude ‘a’ and total energy E. At any instant,
3E
its kinetic energy is then its displacement ‘y’ is given by
4
a a 3 a
(A) y = a (B) y = (C) y = (D) y =
2 2 2

11. The potential energy of a particle of mass 4 kg in motion along the x-axis is given by

U = 4(1 – cos 4x)J. The time period of the particle for small oscillation (sin  = ) is   s. The value of K
K
is ________.

12. The general displacement of a simple harmonic oscillator is x = A sin t. Let T be its time period. The slope
T
of its potential energy (U)-time (t0 curve will be maximum when t = . The value of  is _________.


13. The amplitude of a particle executing SHM is 3 cm. The displacement at which its kinetic energy will be 25%
more than the potential energy is _________ cm.

14. Two massless springs with spring constants 2 k and 9 k, carry 50 g and 100 g masses at their free ends. These
two masses oscillate vertically such that their maximum velocities are equal. Then, the ratio of their respective
amplitudes will be
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 3 : 2 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 2 : 3

15. In figure (1), mass ‘2 m’ is fixed on mass ‘m’ which is attached to two spring of spring constant k. In figure
(b), mass ‘m’ is attached to two spring of spring constant ‘k’ and ‘2k’. If mass ‘m’ in (a) and (b) are displaced
by distance ‘x’ horizontally and then released, then time period T1 and T2 corresponding to (a) and (b)
respectively follow the relation.

T1 3 T1 3 T1 2 T1 2
(A) = (B) = (C) = (D) =
T2 2 T2 2 T2 3 T2 3

16. For a simple harmonic motion in a mass spring system shown, the surface is frictionless. When the mass of
the block is 1 kg, the angular frequency is 1. When the mass block is 2 kg the angular frequency is 2. The
ratio 2/1 is

1 1
(A) 2 (B) (C) 2 (D)
2 2

17. A mass m is attached to two strings as shown in figure. The spring constants of two springs are K1 and K2. For
the frictionless surface, the time period of oscillation of mass m is
 m 1 K1 − K 2 1 K1 + K 2 m
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) 2
K1 + K 2 2 m 2 m K1 − K 2

18. In simple harmonic motion, the total mechanical energy of given system is E. If mass of oscillating particle P
is doubled then the new energy of the system for same amplitude is

(A) E 2 (B) E (C) 2E (D) E / 2

19. A mass 0.9 kg, attached to a horizontal spring, executes SHM with an amplitude A1. When this mass passes
through its mean position, then a smaller mass of 124 g is placed over it and both masses move together with
A 
amplitude A2. If the ratio 1 is , then the value of a will be ________.
A2  −1

20. A rectangular block of mass 5 kg attached to a horizontal spiral spring executes simple harmonic motion of
amplitude 1 m and time period 3.14 s. The maximum force exerted by spring on block is ________ N.

M
21. The time period of simple harmonic motion of mass M in the given figure is  , where the value of  is
5k
________.

22. A pendulum is suspended by a string of length 250 cm. The mass of the bob of the pendulum is 200 g. The
bob is pulled aside until the string is at 60° with vertical as shown in the figure. After releasing the bob, the
maximum velocity attained by the bob will be ________ ms–1. (if g = 10 m/s2)

(A) 5 (B) 1 (C) 4 (D) 2

23. The length of a seconds pendulum at a height h = 2R from earth surface will be: (Given: R = Radius of earth
and acceleration due to gravity at the surface of earth g = 2 m/s2)
2 4 8 1
(A) m (B) m (C) m (D) m
9 9 9 9

24. The time period of oscillation of a simple pendulum of length L suspended from the roof of a vertical, which
moves without friction down an inclined plane of inclination , is given by
(A) 2 L / ( g cos ) (B) 2 L / ( g sin ) (C) 2 L / g (D) 2 L / ( g tan )

25. For a periodic motion represented by the equation Y = sin t + cos t

The amplitude of the motion is
(A) 0.5 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 2

26. Assume that the earth is a solid sphere of uniform density and a tunnel is dug along its diameter throughout
the earth. It is found that when a particle is released in this tunnel, it executes a simple harmonic motion. The
mass of the particle is 100 g. The time period of the motion of the particle will be (approximately)
(A) 1 hour 24 minutes (B) 1 hour 40 minutes
(C) 12 hours (D) 24 hours

 x
27. A longitudinal wave is represented by x = 10 sin 2  nt −  cm. The maximum particle velocity will be four
 
times the wave velocity if the determined value of wavelength is equal to
5
(A) 2 (B) 5 (C)  (D)
2

28. A travelling wave is described by the equation

Y(x, t) = [0.05 sin (8x – 4t)]m
The velocity of the wave is [all the quantities are in SI unit]
(A) 4 ms–1 (B) 8 ms–1 (C) 0.5 ms–1 (D) 2 ms–1

29. The distance between two consecutive points with phase difference of 60° in a wave of frequency 500 Hz is
6.0 m. The velocity with which wave is travelling is _________ km/s.

30. A steel wire with mass per unit length 7.0 × 10–3 kg m–1 is under tension of 70 N. The speed of transverse
waves in the wire will be
(A) 200  m/s (B) 100 m/s (C) 10 m/s (D) 50 m/s

31. The speed of a transverse wave passing through a string of length 50 cm and mass 10 g is 60 ms –1. The area
of cross-section of the wire is 2.0 mm2 and its Young’s modulus is 1.2 × 1011 Nm–2. The extension of the wire
over its natural length due to its tension will be x × 10–5 m. The value of x is ________.

32. The fundamental frequency of vibration of a string stretched between two rigid support is 50 Hz. The mass of
the string is 18 g and its linear mass density is 20 g/m. The speed of the transverse waves so produced in the
string is __________ ms–1.

33. The speed of sound in oxygen at S.T.P. will be approximately:

(Given, R = 8.3 JK–1,  = 1.4)
(A) 310 m/s (B) 333 m/s (C) 341 m/s (D) 325 m/s
34. A point source is emitting sound waves of intensity 16 × 10–8 Wm–2 at the origin. The difference in intensity
(magnitude only) at two points located at a distances of 2 m and 4 m from the origin respectively will be
________ × 10–8 Wm–2.

35. Two waves executing simple harmonic motion traveling in the same direction with same amplitude and
frequency are superimposed. The resultant amplitude is equal to the 3 times of amplitude of individual
motions.
The phase difference between the two motion is (degree)

36. The equations of two waves are given by

y1 = 5 sin 2(x – vt) cm
y2 = 3 sin 2(xi – vt + 1.5) cm
These waves are simultaneously passing through a string. The amplitude of the resulting wave is
(A) 2 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 5.8 cm (D) 8 cm

37. Two simple harmonic waves having equal amplitudes of 8 cm and equal frequency of 10 Hz are moving along
the same direction. The resultant amplitude is also 8 cm. The phase difference between the individual waves
is _________ degree.

38. Two waves of intensity ratio 1 : 9 cross each other at a point. The resultant intensities at that point, when
(a) Waves are in coherent is I1
I 10
(b) Waves are coherent is I2 and differ in phase by 60. If 1 = then x = _________.
I2 x

39. Two travelling waves of equal amplitudes and equal frequencies move in opposite directions along a string.
They interfere to produce a stationary wave whose equation is given by
 2t  4
y = 10cos  x sin  cm. The amplitude of the particle at x = 3 cm will be _________ cm.
 T 

40. The fundamental frequency of a closed organ pipe is equal to the first overtone frequency of an open organ
pipe. If length of the open pipe is 60 cm, the length of the closed pipe will be
(A) 30 cm (B) 45 cm (C) 60 cm (D) 15 cm

41. In an experiment to determine the velocity of sound in air at room temperature using a resonance is observed
when the air column has a length of 20.0 cm for a tuning fork of frequency 400 Hz is used. The velocity of
the sound at room temperature is 336 ms–1. The third resonance is observed when the air column has a length
of ________ cm.

42. A wire of length 30 cm. stretched between rigid supports, has it’s nth and (n + 1)th harmonics at 400 Hz and
450 Hz, respectively. If tension in the string is 2700 N, it’s linear mass density is _________ kg/m.

43. A guitar string of length 90 cm vibrates with a fundamental frequency of 120 Hz. The length of the string
producing a fundamental frequency of 180 Hz will be _______ cm.

44. For a certain organ pipe, the first three resonance frequencies are in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 5 respectively. If the
frequency of fifth harmonic is 405 Hz and the speed of sound in air is 324 ms–1 the length of the organ pipe
is _________ m.

45. A sonometer wire of resonating length 90 cm has a fundamental frequency of 400 Hz when kept under some
tension. The resonating length of the wire with fundamental frequency of 600 Hz under same tension
________ cm.
46. Two open organ pipes of lengths 60 cm and 90 cm resonate at 6th and 5th harmonics respectively. The
difference of frequencies for the given moles is _________ Hz.
(Velocity of sound in air = 333 m/s)

47. A closed organ pipe 150 cm long gives 7 beats per second with an open organ pipe of length 350 cm, both
vibrating in fundamental mode. The velocity of sound is _________ m/s.

48. A set of 20 tuning forks is arranged in a series of increasing frequencies. If each fork gives 4 beats with respect
to the preceding fork and the frequency of the last fork is twice the frequency of the first, then the frequency
of last fork is _________ Hz.

❑❑❑
 Answer Key
1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (A)
6. (700) 7. (10) 8. (12) 9. (2) 10. (D)
11. (2) 12. (8) 13. (2) 14. (B) 15. (A)
16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (16) 20. (20)
21. (12) 22. (A) 23. (D) 24. (A) 25. (B)
26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (C) 29. (18) 30. (B)
31. (15) 32. (90) 33. (A) 34. (3) 35. (60)
36. (A) 37. (120) 38. (13) 39. (5) 40. (D)
41. (104) 42. (3) 43. (60) 44. (1) 45. (60)
46. (740) 47. (294) 48. (152)