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Wedge Shaped Film: M.Satya Vani Lecturer in Physics D N R College Bhimavaram

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8 views8 pages

Wedge Shaped Film: M.Satya Vani Lecturer in Physics D N R College Bhimavaram

My assignment work I choose this Thank you

Uploaded by

alatheefclglife
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WEDGE SHAPED FILM

M.SATYA VANI
LECTURER IN PHYSICS
D N R COLLEGE
BHIMAVARAM
WEDGE SHAPED FILM
● A thin film having zero thickness at one end and progressively
increasing to a particular thickness at the other end is called a
wedge.
● A thin wedge of air film can be formed by two glasses slides on
each other at one edge and separated by a thinspacer at the
opposite edge.
● Consider two plane surfaces OA & OB inclined at an angle θ and
enclosing a wedge shaped air film. The thickness of the air film
increases from O to A .
● The locus of all points having the same thickness of air film is a
straight line.
B
● When monochromatic light is incident on the wedge from
above, it gets partly reflected from the glass‐ to‐air boundary air film
at the top of the air film . The other Part of the light is 𝜃
transmitted through the air film and gets reflected at the O
A
air‐to‐ glass boundary
These two reflected rays interfere with each other and interference fringes are observed
through the eyepiece . These are straight lines parallel to the edge of the wedge.

Total Path Difference = 2 μ t cos r + λ / 2 (for thin films)


for air film μ = 1 & for normal incidence r = 0
ஃ Path difference = 2 t + λ / 2
⇒ If 2 t + =n bright fringe is obtained.

⇒ If 2 t+ = (2 n + 1) ,

(or) 2t = nλ then dark fringe is formed .


Theory
If t m & tn corresponds to the thickness of air film of mth and nth dark fringes ,
then 2 t m = m λ ---------- (1)
2 tn= n λ ----------- (2)
subtracting (2) from (1)
we get 2 ( t n - t m) = ( n - m ) λ
( t n - t m) = ( n - m ) λ/2 ---------- (3)
From the figure tan(𝜃) = ( t n - t m) /x
Where x is the distance between mth and nth dark fringes
As the angle of the wedge is very small,
tan(𝜃) = 𝜃 = ( t n - t m) /x
t n - t m = x*𝜃 ----------- (4)
from(3)&(4) x𝜃 = (n-m)𝜆/2

x/(n-m) = 𝜆/2𝜃

we know that x/(n-m) = fringe width = 𝛽

𝛽 = 𝜆/2𝜃

If there is a film of refractive index μ then

𝛽𝛽 == 𝜆/2μ𝜃
𝜆/2μ𝜃 ----------- (5)

Here β is independent of ‘n’ . So all fringes are equally spaced.


DETERMINATION OF DIAMETER OF THE WIRE :-
● If a wire is placed between two glass plates as shown in the
fig. then wedge shaped air film is formed between these
two glass plates.
● S is a monochromatic source of light.
● The light from S is made parallel by means of a convex
lens. These parallel rays are allowed to incident on a plane
glass plate ’G’ which is making an angle 45° with the path
of the beam
● The light reflected from G , falls on this combination and
interference fringes are observed through a microscope.
The vertical cross wire is made to coincide with one of the bright fringes say mth fringe and the
reading is noted . The microscope is is moved until the crosswire coincides with the nth fringe. Again
the reading is noted . The difference of these two readings is equal to the distance moved by the
microscope (x).

Then fringe width (𝛃) = x/n-m

If ‘d’ is the diameter of the wire , l is the distance between the


Point of conact of the plates and wire then
tan 𝜃 = d/l
𝜃 = d/l ( since 𝜃 is small) --------- (6)

Fringe width 𝛽 = 𝜆/2μ𝜃 from eq(5)


𝜃 = 𝜆/2μ𝛽 -----------(7)
From (6) & (7)

ஃ Diameter of the wire

Using this formula ‘ d ‘ can be calculated.

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