1.

Dạng 1 – Viết lại câu từ quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành

Quá khứ đơn: S + V2 + thời gian + ago

→ Hiện tại hoàn thành: S + have/has + V3 + for + thời gian

Ví dụ:

I received his letter a week ago. → I have received his letter for a week.

2. Dạng 2 – Cách chuyển cấu trúc the last time sang hiện tại hoàn thành

Quá khứ đơn:

• It’s + thời gian ….+ since …+ last + V2

• S + last + V2 + time + ago

• The last time + S + V-ed + was + time + ago

→ Hiện tại hoàn thành: S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3 + for + thời gian

Ví dụ:

The last time I saw Mai was three years ago.

→ I haven’t saw Mai for three years.

3. Dạng 3 – Công thức chuyển từ quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành

Quá khứ đơn:

• When did + S + V-infinitive?

• When was the last time + S + V2?

→ Hiện tại hoàn thành: How long + have/has (not) + S + V3?

Ví dụ:

When did he buy that car?

→ How long has he had that car?

CÁC DẠNG KHÁC:

1. This is the first time I have seen him
=>I have never seen him before.

Mẫu này có dạng:

Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó
=> ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.
The first time: lần đầu tiên
Never ...before : chưa bao giờ trước đây

2. I started / begun studying English 3 years ago.

=> I have studied English for 3 years.

Mẫu này có dạng:

...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian
=> .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giử nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổi when thành since thôi

3. I last saw him when I was a student.

=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.
Mẫu này có dạng:
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi ....
=> ..không làm chuyện đó từ khi ....
Last : lần cuối
Since : từ khi

4. The last time she went out with him was two years ago.
=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years.

Tương tự mẫu 3 nhưng khác phần sau thôi

5. It's ten years since I last met him.

=> I haven't met him for ten years.
Mẫu này có dạng:
Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối
=> ..không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian

6. When did you buy it ? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?

=> How long have you bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
Mẫu này có dạng:
when: thì dùng quá khứ đơn
How long: thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành

Bài tập chuyển đổi từ hiện tại hoàn thành sang quá khứ đơn
Bài tập 1: Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa
1) This is the first time he went abroad.
=> He hasn't...........................................................
2) She started driving 1 month ago.
=> She has...........................................................
3) We began eating when it started to rain.
=> We have............................................................
4) I last had my hair cut when I left her.
=> I haven't...........................................................
5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.
=> She hasn't........................................................
6) It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't........................................................
7) When did you have it?
=> How long ..........................................................
8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .
=> I haven't............................................................
9) I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last ............................................................
10) I haven't taken a bath since Monday.
=> It is .....................................................................
11) Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
Samuel has ___________________________________
12)We started learning English five years ago.
We have ___________________________________
13) I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
I have ___________________________________
14) She has taught the children in this remote village for five months
She started ___________________________________
15) He has written to me since April.
The last time __________________________________
16) She hasn’t had a swim for five years
She last __________________________________
17) They last talked to each other two months ago
They haven’t __________________________________
18) The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
She hasn’t __________________________________
19) She hasn’t written to me for years
It’s years __________________________________
20) Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years
It’s ten years __________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
1. He hasn’t never gone abroad before.
2. She has driven for 1 month.
3. We have eaten since it started raining.
4. I haven’t cut my hair since I left her.
5. She has kissed me for 5 months.
6. We haven’t met (each other) for a long time.
7. How long have you had it?
8. I haven’t never eaten such a delicious meal before.
9. The last time I saw him was 8 days.
10. It is …. days since I last took a bath.
11. Samuel has kept a diary since 1997.
12. We have learned English for five years
13. I have lived in Ho Chi Minh City since I was 8.
14. She started to teach the children in this remote village five months ago.
15. The last time he wrote to me was in April.
16. She last had a swim was five years ago
17. They haven’t talked to each other for two months.
18. She hasn’t seen her elder sister since 1999
19. It’s years since she wrote to me.
20. It’s ten years since Robert and Catherine were married.
Bài II. Chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
1) The police.........two people early this morning. (to arrest)
2) She.........to Japan but now she.........back. (to go - to come)
3) Dan.........two tablets this year. (already/to buy)
4) How many games.........so far this season? (your team/to win)
5).........the CN Tower when you.........in Toronto? (you/to visit - to stay)
6).........your homework yet? – Yes, I.........it an hour ago. (you/to do - to finish)
7) There.........an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to your school. (to
be)
8) I.........Peter since I.........last Tuesday. (not/to see - to arrive)
9) Frank.........his bike last May. So he.........it for 4 months. (to get - to have)
10) I'm sorry, I.........earlier, but I.........a lot lately. (not/to write - to work)

Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences from Simple Past to Present Perfect without changing the
meaning.
1. I traveled to Paris last year.
→ I have ______________________.
2. She visited her grandparents two years ago.
→ She has ______________________.
3. We started this project last month.
→ We have ______________________.
4. He finished reading the book two days ago.
→ He has ______________________.
5. They sold a new car a week ago.
→ They have ______________________.
6. We went on a road trip two months ago.
→ We have ______________________.
7. He received the award last week.
→ He has ______________________.
 8. The last time they played soccer was in April.
→ They have ______________________.
9. I saw her at the party two days ago.
→ I have ______________________.
10. They bought a new book last month.
→ They have ______________________.
Exercise 2: Fill in the correct form of the verb in the blanks.
1. She __________ (finish) her homework yesterday.
2. They __________ (travel) to Paris twice.
3. He __________ (already visit) that museum.
4. We __________ (not see) each other since last year.
5. The train __________ (leave) before we arrived at the station.
6. She __________ (study) English for three years.
7. I __________ (just eat) lunch.
8. They __________ (not go) to the party last night.
9. He __________ (never be) to Asia before.
10. We __________ (not see) that movie yet.
11. She __________ (finish) her homework yesterday.
12. They __________ (have) dinner at that restaurant before.
13. He __________ (already visit) three countries in Europe.
14. We __________ (not see) this movie yet.
15. The train __________ (leave) the station five minutes ago.
16. She __________ (live) in this city for two years.
17. I __________ (just see) him at the supermarket.
18. They __________ (not arrive) at the airport on time.
19. He __________ (never try) sushi before.
20. We __________ (not visit) that museum yet.
Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences
1. I joined this club three years ago.
→ I have ______________________.
2. She finished her assignment last week.
→ She has ______________________.
3. We moved to this city in 2019.
→ We have ______________________.
4. They started working on the project a month ago.
→ They have ______________________.
5. He last visited his parents five months ago.
→ He hasn’t ______________________.
6. The last time we saw each other was two weeks ago.
→ We haven’t ______________________.
7. I started learning piano six months ago.
→ I have ______________________.
8. They went on vacation two years ago.
→ They haven’t ______________________.
9. She read that book three days ago.
→ She has ______________________.
 10. We cleaned the house last weekend.
→ We have ______________________.

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

1. I __________ (not see) her for a long time.
2. They __________ (travel) abroad three times this year.
3. He __________ (buy) this car two weeks ago.
4. She __________ (not visit) her grandparents since last summer.
5. We __________ (study) English for four years.
6. The last time he __________ (speak) to me was last month.
7. They __________ (already finish) their homework.
8. He __________ (never eat) sushi before.
9. The train __________ (leave) five minutes ago.
10. I __________ (just hear) some great news.

Exercise 3: Convert the questions

1. When did you meet him?
→ How long __________________________?
2. When was the last time she wrote to you?
→ How long __________________________?
3. When did they start their business?
→ How long __________________________?
4. When did you move to this house?
→ How long __________________________?
5. When was the last time he called you?
→ How long __________________________?
6. When did they buy this car?
→ How long __________________________?
7. When did she start learning French?
→ How long __________________________?
8. When was the last time we played tennis?
→ How long __________________________?
9. When did you meet your best friend?
→ How long __________________________?
10. When did they open this shop?
→ How long __________________________?
Exercise 1: Rewrite the sentences
1. I joined this club three years ago.
→ I have been in this club for three years.
2. She finished her assignment last week.
→ She has finished her assignment.
3. We moved to this city in 2019.
→ We have lived in this city since 2019.
4. They started working on the project a month ago.
→ They have been working on the project for a month.
5. He last visited his parents five months ago.
→ He hasn’t visited his parents for five months.
 6. The last time we saw each other was two weeks ago.
→ We haven’t seen each other for two weeks.
7. I started learning piano six months ago.
→ I have been learning piano for six months.
8. They went on vacation two years ago.
→ They haven’t gone on vacation for two years.
9. She read that book three days ago.
→ She has read that book.
10. We cleaned the house last weekend.
→ We have cleaned the house.

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks

1. I haven’t seen her for a long time.
2. They have traveled abroad three times this year.
3. He bought this car two weeks ago.
4. She hasn’t visited her grandparents since last summer.
5. We have studied English for four years.
6. The last time he spoke to me was last month.
7. They have already finished their homework.
8. He has never eaten sushi before.
9. The train left five minutes ago.
10. I have just heard some great news.

Exercise 3: Convert the questions

1. When did you meet him?
→ How long have you known him?
2. When was the last time she wrote to you?
→ How long has it been since she wrote to you?
3. When did they start their business?
→ How long have they been running their business?
4. When did you move to this house?
→ How long have you lived in this house?
5. When was the last time he called you?
→ How long has it been since he called you?
6. When did they buy this car?
→ How long have they had this car?
7. When did she start learning French?
→ How long has she been learning French?
8. When was the last time we played tennis?
→ How long has it been since we played tennis?
9. When did you meet your best friend?
→ How long have you known your best friend?
10. When did they open this shop?
→ How long have they owned this shop?