INTEGERS AND RATIONAL Numbers - PPTX - GRADE 7.pptx 2222

INTEGERS AND RATIONAL Numbers...
Grade 7
Lesson 1.1 to 1.10
• Definition:
Ø A rational number is a number that is of the form p/q where p and q are integers
and q is not equal to 0.
Ø The set of rational numbers is denoted by Q. It is to be noted that rational
numbers include natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, and decimals.
Ø examples of rational numbers are as follows.

• 56 (which can be written as 56/1)
• 0 (which is another form of 0/1)
• 1/2
• √16 which is equal to 4
• -3/4
• 0.3 or 3/10
• -0.7 or -7/10
• 0.141414... or 14/99
• Objectives:
• learn more about rational numbers and identify the
rational numbers by looking at number include natural
numbers, whole numbers, integers, fractions of integers,
and decimals (terminating decimals and recurring
decimals).
• Examples:
Ø Example: Is 0.923076923076923076923076923076... a rational number?
Ø Solution: The given number has a set of decimals 923076 which is recurring and repeated
continuously. Thus, it is a rational number.
• Examples:
Ø Example: Is √2 a rational number?
Ø Solution: If we write the decimal value of √2 we get √2 = 1.414213562....which is a non-

terminating and non-recurring decimal. Therefore, this is not a rational number. It is an
irrational number.
ØRational Numbers in Decimal Form
• Rational numbers can also be expressed in decimal form. Do you
know 1.1 is a rational number? Yes, it is because 1.1 can be
written as 1.1= 11/10. Now let us talk about non-terminating
decimals such as 0.333..... Since 0.333... can be written as 1/3,
therefore it is a rational number. Therefore, non-terminating
decimals having repeated numbers after the decimal point are
also rational numbers.
ØIs 0 a Rational Number?
• Yes, 0 is a rational number as it can be written as a fraction of
integers like 0/1, 0/-2,... etc. In other words, 0/5 = 0, 0/-2 = 0, 0/1 =
0, and so on.
How to Identify Rational Numbers?
Ø Rational numbers can be easily identified with the help of the following
characteristics.
Ø All integers, whole numbers, natural numbers, and fractions with integers are
rational numbers.
• If the decimal form of the number is terminating or recurring as in the case of
5.6 or 2.141414, we know that they are rational numbers.
• In case, the decimals seem to be never-ending or non-recurring, then these are
called irrational numbers. As in the case of √5 which is equal to
2.236067977499789696409173... which is an irrational number.
Another way to identify rational numbers is to see if the number can be expressed
in the form p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to 0.
• How to Perform Arithmetic Operations on Rational Number: The
four basic mathematical operations are:
• Addition
• Subtraction
• Multiplication
• Division
• Adding and Subtracting Rational Numbers:
• For adding and subtracting rational numbers, we use the same
rules of addition and subtraction of integers. Let us understand
this with the help of an example.
• Example:
Solve 1/2 - (-2/3)
• Solution:
Let us solve this using the following steps:
• Step 1: As we simplify 1/2 - (-2/3), we will follow the rule of addition and
subtraction of numbers which says that the subtraction fact can change to an
addition fact and the sign of the subtrahend gets reversed. This will make it
1/2 + 2/3
• Step 2: Now, we need to add these fractions 1/2 + 2/3
Step 3: Using the rules of addition of fractions, we will convert the given
fractions to like fractions to get common denominators so that it becomes easier
to add them. For this, we need to find the LCM of the denominators 2 and 3
which is 6. Then we will convert the fractions to their respective equivalent
fractions which will make them 3/6 + 4/6.
This will give the sum as 7/6 which can be written in the form of a mixed
fraction
• Multiplying and Dividing Rational Numbers:
• The multiplication and division of rational numbers can be done in
the same way as fractions. To multiply any two rational numbers,
we multiply their numerators and their denominators separately
and simplify the resultant fraction. Let us understand this with the
help of an example.
• Example:
Multiply 3/5 × -2/7
• Solution:
Step 1: In order to multiply 3/5 × (-2)/7, we will first multiply the numerators and
then multiply the denominators.
• Step 2: In this case, when we multiply the numerators, it will be 3 × (-2) = -6.
• Step 3: When we multiply the denominators, it will be 5 × 7 = 35. Therefore,
the product will be -6/35.
• When we need to divide any two fractions, we multiply the first fraction (which
is the dividend) by the reciprocal of the second fraction (which is the divisor).
Let us understand this with the help of an example.
• Example:
Divide 3/5 ÷ 2/7
• Solution:
Step 1: In order to divide 3/5 ÷ 2/7, we will first write the reciprocal of the
second fraction. This will make it 3/5 × 7/2
Step 2: Now, we will multiply the numerators This will be 3 × 7 = 21.
Step 3: Then, we will multiply the denominators, it will be 5 × 2 = 10. Therefore,
the product will be 21/10 or
• Conclusion:
• Rational numbers include fractions and any number that can be

expressed as fractions.
• Natural numbers, whole numbers, integers, fractions of integers,
and terminating decimals are rational numbers.
• Non-terminating decimals with repeating patterns of decimals, that
is recurring decimals are also rational numbers.
Thank you

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INTEGERS AND RATIONAL Numbers...

Ø examples of rational numbers are as follows.

Ø Example: Is √2 a rational number?

Ø Solution: If we write the decimal value of √2 we get √2 = 1.414213562....which is a non-

• Rational numbers include fractions and any number that can be

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