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    Lecture 3

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    prometheus111

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Lecture 3

    Uploaded by

    prometheus111
    11 views20 pages

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    Lecture-3

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    11 views20 pages

    Lecture 3

    Uploaded by

    prometheus111

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    Equilibrium of a Rigid Body

    For a rigid body in static equilibrium, the external forces and moments are balanced
    and will impart
    p no translational or rotational motion to the body.y

    The necessary and sufficient condition for the static equilibrium of a body are that
    the resultant force and couple from all external forces form a system equivalent to
    zero,

    Resolving each force and moment into its rectangular components leads to 6
    scalar equations which also express the conditions for static equilibrium,
    Free Body Diagrams
    First step in the static equilibrium analysis of a
    rigid body is identification of all forces acting
    on the body with a free-body
    free body diagram
    diagram.

    •Select the extent of the free-body and


    detach it from the ground and all other
    bodies.

    •Indicate point of application,


    application magnitude
    magnitude, and
    direction of external forces, including the rigid
    body weight.

    •Indicate point of application and assumed


    direction of unknown applied forces. These
    usually consist of reactions through which the
    ground and other bodies oppose the possible
    motion of the rigid body.

    •Include the dimensions necessary to


    compute the moments of the forces.
    Reactions at Supports and Connections - 2D
    Reactions at Supports and Connections - 2D
    Equilibrium of a Rigid Body in Two Dimensions
    For all forces and moments acting on a
    two- dimensional structure
    two structure,

    Equations of equilibrium become

    where A is any point in the plane of the structure

    The 3 equations can be solved for no


    more than 3 unknowns
    Example

    A fixed crane has a mass of 1000 kg g and is used to lift a 2400 kg


    g crate. It is
    held in place by a pin at A and a rocker at B. The center of gravity of the crane
    is located at G.

    Determine the components of the reactions at A and B.


    Example

    The frame supports part of the roof of a small building. The tension in the
    cable is 150 kN.

    Determine the reactions at the fixed end E.


    Equilibrium of Two Force Body

    Consider a plate subjected to two forces F1 and F2

    For static equilibrium, the sum of moments about A


    must be zero. The moment of F2 must be zero. It
    follows that the line of action of F2 must pass
    through A.

    Similarly, the line of action of F1 must pass through


    B for the sum of moments about B to be zero.

    Requiring that the sum of forces in any direction be


    zero leads to the conclusion that F1 and F2 must
    have equal magnitude but opposite sense
    sense.
    Equilibrium of Three Force Body

    Consider a rigid body subjected to forces acting at only 3


    points.

    Assuming that their lines of action intersect, the moment of


    F1 and F2 about the point of intersection represented by D is
    zero.

    Since the
    Si th rigid
    i id body
    b d isi in
    i equilibrium,
    ilib i th
    the sum off th
    the
    moments of F1 , F2 , and F3 about any axis must be zero. It
    follows that the moment of F3 about D must be zero as well
    and that the line of action of F3 must pass through D D.

    The lines of action of the three forces must be concurrent or


    parallel.
    parallel
    Example

    A man raises a 10 kg joist, of length 4 m, by pulling on a rope.

    Find the tension in the rope and the reaction at A.


    A
    Equilibrium of a Rigid Body in Three Dimensions

    Vector forms of the conditions for equilibrium;

    Six scalar equations are required to express the conditions for the equilibrium of a
    rigid body in the general three dimensional case.
    Reactions at Supports and Connections - 3D
    Reactions at Supports and Connections - 3D
    Example

    A sign of uniform density weighs 270 N and is supported by a ball- and-


    socket joint at A and by two cables.

    Determine the tension in each cable and the reaction at A.

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