Shell Structure-Group E.
Shell Structure-Group E.
SHELL
STRUCTURE
By: Ahmed Yassin 3706477
Omar Abdualaziz 4102628
Mohammed Mansour Halawani 3902851
CONTENT
DEFINITION OF THE SHELL STRUCTURE
1 SYSTEM
2
HOW ARE SHELL STRUCTURES
CONSTRUCTED?
4 ADVANTAGES
5 DISADVANTAGES
6 EXAMPLE
7 REFERENCES
THE SHELL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Form Finding
Material Selection
Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) and
Fiberglass reinforced concrete is most
widely used because of its strength and
durability.
Steel is also a preferred material for shell
roof as it is lightweight, offers versatility,
and ease of assembly
l
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
SHORING WOODEN FORMWORK
After the foundation is finished, the On top of the temporary structure the
construction of the shell started. formwork is placed.
Wooden formwork - supported by shoring The formwork consists of a surface or
towers each tower had for screwed clamps wooden tables fixed wooden beams.
on the top to support the formwork. Wooden beams fixed on the clamps of
the shores towers
.
,
l
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
ROOF REINFORCEMENT
Rib reinforcement - prefabricated on site
set on place.
Steel reinforcement, which is necessary to
deal with the tension in the structure.
WOODEN FORMWORK
The structure is supported on 8
points.
Each support considered as a hinge,
with restricted lateral displacement
and free rotations.
Such hinge was performed by using a
confined elastomeric bearing, fixed to
slope trunk-conic concrete basements
on the sub-structure.
,
l
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
SHOTCRETING PROCESS
Because of the steep slopes on the shells, a
method called concreting is used to apply the
concrete on the formwork.
By blasting a thick mixture of concrete on the
formworks, the shell is created around the
reinforcement. The appropriate machinery,
tools and materials (cement, fibres and
aggregates) were prepared on site.
DRYING
Directly after the last concrete is poured
on the formwork, the drying time started.
Concrete has to settle, and it takes at least
28 days before it reaches its full strength.
During this time, the temporary structure
, and the formwork has to stay in place.
TYPES OF SHELL STRUCTURE
Geodesic Domes
Structural Efficiency
Versatility in Function
DISADVANTAGES
The building is principally comprised of two systems which work together: a concrete
structure combined with a spatial structure system. With the intention of creating large-
scale, free spaces of columns which allow the visitor to experiment with the fluidity of the
interior, vertical structural elements are absorbed by the walls and curtain wall system.
The specific geometry of the surfaces encourages unconventional structural solutions,
such as the introduction of curved “starter columns” to achieve the inverse shell of the
surface from the floor to the West of the building, and the “duck tail” resulting from the
narrowing of the cantilevered beams which support the skin of the building on the East
side.
CASE STUDY: ZAHA’S BUILDING
The building, whose smooth, distorted grid-work of polyester-reinforced fiberglass panels do not
have visible connections, appears less “as built” and more “as landed”.
In the construction, they used 121,000m³ of reinforced concrete, 194,000 formworks and 19,000
tonnes of steel molds. To create the shape of the external skin, 5,500 tonnes of structural steel were
required, creating the base for a surface of 40,000m² formed of panels of fiberglass reinforced with
polyester or concrete. There were a total of around 17,000 individual panels with various geometries.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ySRziBOLzx0
CASE STUDY: ZAHA’S BUILDING
THANK YOU
REFERENCES
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/shell-structure/71300367#4
https://www.novatr.com/blog/shell-structures
https://www.archdaily.com/970094/tangshan-mine-bookstore-of-
librairie-avant-grade-seu-arch-plus-art-plus-zen-
architects/6167026cf91c813068000013-tangshan-mine-bookstore-
of-librairie-avant-grade-seu-arch-plus-art-plus-zen-architects-
photo?next_project=no
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_Mfy8HGcX0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=ySRziBOLzx0