OHMs LAW

OHM’S LAW EXPERIMENT
Today you’ll learn a step by step guide to perform the Ohm’s law Experiment. You’ll learn
the use of voltmeter and ammeter in parallel and series, resistors, dc power supply, wires and
all other equipment which is used in doing the practical.
This article demonstrates the Ohm’s Practical experiment. You can find the lab report,
reading, observations, and theory here.
1.1 Steps to Perform Ohm’s Law Experiment

1. Connect the resistor on the breadboard.
2. Connect the source to the breadboard.
3. Connect the ammeter in series.
4. Connect the voltmeter in parallel.
5. Increase the voltage step-by-step from 0 to10 V and note the voltage/current.
Let’s start with the circuit diagram:
The graphic below illustrates a visual representation of steps :

1.2 Resistor Color Coding
Carbon resistors are the most popular type of resistors which are used in lab experiments.
Circular color bands are used on their bodies are to indicate the amount of resistance they
possess. We can use a color coding chart to find the value of carbon resistors. Let’s consider
your resistor box has three resistors.
 Resistor 1 is a 4 Band Resistor with Brown, Black, Red, Gold bands on it.
 Resistor 2 has Red, Red, Red, Gold bands on it.
 Resistor 3 has Red, Red, Orange, Gold bands on it.
The first band of all resistors is the first digit of resistance, the second band is the second
digit of resistance. The third band indicates the multiplier values whereas the fourth band
indicates the tolerance value of resistors.
Let’s understand how a color coding chart helps us to find the value of resistance.
Let’s decode our first resistor:
Here the first band is brown so the first digit is 1, the second band is black so second digital
0, the third red band provides 100 as multiplier which is 10 * 100 = 1000 Ω. The last golden
band represents a tolerance of 1 kΩ ± 5%.
The second and third resistors are decoded to be 2.2 kΩ ± 5% and 22 kΩ ± 5%.
1.3 Variable DC Power Supply

A variable dc power supply or VDC has a circular knob which can be rotated to obtain variable
voltages. An LCD displays the number of selected output voltages. The alligator wires are
used to take the output from the supply. Always connected red wire/probe to red (live) terminal
of the battery and black wire to the black terminal of the battery. The figure below displays a
variable dc power supply. While performing the experiment you rotate the knob to obtain step
by step variable voltages.
1.4 Voltmeter
A Voltmeter is connected to the resistor for measuring the amount of potential difference
across its ends. A voltmeter always connects in parallel because the potential difference
remains same in parallel. Practically voltmeter, ammeter, and ohmmeter are designed
together in the form of the multimeter. So you need to set your multimeter to the voltage scale.
1.5 Ammeter
An ammeter is a current measuring device. It connects in series to the circuit under
measurement.
Ohm’s Law Lab Report [With Graph, Observations and

Verification]
Ohm’s law is the fundamental law of Electrical Engineering. It relates the current flowing
through any resistor to the voltage applied to its ends. According to the statement: The current
flowing through a constant resistor is directly proportional to the voltage applied to its
ends. This article presents the complete Ohm’s law Lab report and various questions
regarding the lab. The latter portion simplifies the law for beginners by delineating the absolute
basic concepts for beginners.
Objectives of Ohms Law Lab report

To verify that voltage and current are directly proportional using a 1kΩ resistor.
2.1 List of Components

 Variable DC Power supply
 1kΩ resistor (Color code Brown, Black, Red, Gold)
 Breadboard
 Connecting wires (Jumper wires)
 Ammeter (Multimeter)
 Voltmeter (Multimeter)
2.2 Circuit Diagram

Setup the circuit diagram as shown below:
2.3 Steps
1. Implement the circuit on the breadboard as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Initially set the VDC supply to 0 V and note the current on ammeter.
3. Increase the voltage to 1 V, observe the ammeter and note the readings.
4. Repeat the above step for 2 V, 3V … 10 V.
5. Plot a graph for measured readings.
6. Compare the plot with theoretical calculations.
2.4 Observation table

Make two columns (the third one for Sr. no is optional).
2.5 Calculations [Verification of Ohm’s law report]

The theoretical calculations are achieved from the original formula, V = IR. You can also
verify them from the basic Ohm’s law calculator.
2.6 Graph for Ohm’s Law Lab report

The real (practically calculated – red color) vs the theoretical values (blue) are plotted on the
graph. While most theoretical values are identical to practical values, one might note a
difference of red dot for 2.99 mA and 6.99 mA.
2.7 Conclusion from Ohm’s Law lab Report
We learned that current and voltage hold a direct relationship for resistive components.
(They are linearly proportional).
2.8 Basic Questions for Ohm’s Law Lab Report
1. Question: What is Variable DC supply?
Answer: A variable DC (direct current) supply provides variable output voltages. It contains a
rotary knob which can be rotated to achieve our desired output voltages. Its symbol is similar
to dc battery with the difference of an arrowhead over it.
2. Question: What is ammeter?
Answer: It is the current measuring instrument which is used in series to the circuit. It
measures current and displays the amperes on LCD.
3. Question: What is the resistor, and what is resistor color coding?
Answer: Resistor is an electrical component which is used to control the flow of electrical
current. Carbon resistors are the most commonly available type of resistors. They have color
bands over their bodies which are used to identify the amount of resistance they possess.
4. Question: What are jumper wires?
Answer: They are special types of wires which can be easily mounted and used on the
breadboards.
5. Question: Is Ohm’s Law important to learn?
Answer: Yes Ohm’s law is a fundamental law of Electrical Engineering and it’s very important.
You can easily learn each and everything about the law from our website.
6. Question: Why practical results are different from theoretical results?
Answer: While no scientific-practical can perfectly match the theory, the actual results depend
on environmental conditions, the accuracy of equipment under test. The quality of resistor also
impacts the measurements, while in our lab report we got excellent results, you might get
different results based on your theory.

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OHM’S LAW EXPERIMENT

1.1 Steps to Perform Ohm’s Law Experiment

Let’s start with the circuit diagram:

The graphic below illustrates a visual representation of steps :

Let’s decode our first resistor:

1.3 Variable DC Power Supply

Ohm’s Law Lab Report [With Graph, Observations and

Objectives of Ohms Law Lab report

2.1 List of Components

2.2 Circuit Diagram

2.4 Observation table

2.5 Calculations [Verification of Ohm’s law report]

2.6 Graph for Ohm’s Law Lab report

2.8 Basic Questions for Ohm’s Law Lab Report

1. Question: What is Variable DC supply?

2. Question: What is ammeter?

3. Question: What is the resistor, and what is resistor color coding?

4. Question: What are jumper wires?

5. Question: Is Ohm’s Law important to learn?

6. Question: Why practical results are different from theoretical results?

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