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Drop Structure

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hana fadila
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16 views

Drop Structure

Uploaded by

hana fadila
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

DROP STRUCTURE

Asep Sapei (2011) 1


Function

to dissipate kinetic
energy
n rgy of th
the discharge
scharg
to a degree that will
protect both the
structure and the
downstream channel
from damage or erosion

Asep Sapei (2011) 2


Type of structure :

a) Drop spillway

Asep Sapei (2011) 3


o It control the stream grade not only at
the spillway crest itself,
itself but also
through the ponded reach upstream

o It placed at intervals along channel


a continuous steep channel a series
of
f more gently
tl slope
l

o Limited up to 3 m drop
o Need stilling basin and apron protection

Asep Sapei (2011) 4


o Capacity : q = 0.55CLh 3 / 2

q : discharge, m3/s
C : coefficient, recommended C = 3.2
L : weir length, m
h : depth of flow over crest, m

o The kinetic energy must be dissipated


or converted to potential energy
before the flow is discharging
g g the
structure

Asep Sapei (2011) 5


o Scheme

Asep Sapei (2011) 6


o Dimension

Asep Sapei (2011) 7


b) Chute spillway

Asep Sapei (2011) 8


o It is design to carry flow down steep
slope
p throughg a lined channel
o For controlling elevation changes up to
6m
o Capacity is controlled
ll d by
b the
h inlet
l
section and similar with drop spillway
o Outlet protection: straight apron or
Saint Anthony falls (SAF) stilling basin

Asep Sapei (2011) 9


o Scheme

Asep Sapei (2011) 10


o SAF stilling basin

Asep Sapei (2011) 11


c) Drop inlet

o This application
pp is usually
y made where water
may pond behind the inlet

Asep Sapei (2011) 12


o Scheme

Asep Sapei (2011) 13


o Possible conditions

Asep Sapei (2011) 14


o Neutral slope
Sn = tanθ = sinθ = H f / L = KcV 2 / 2g

Kc : friction loss coefficient


Hff:f friction loss in conduit length
g
L : length of conduit
θ : slope angle of conduit

o Capacity of full pipe A 2 gH


H
q=
1 + Ke + Kb + KcL

A : conduit
d i cross sectional
i l area
Ke : entrance loss coefficient
Kb : loss coefficient for bends

Asep Sapei (2011) 15


o Capacity for the conduit at greater than
neutral slope
p and the outlet is not submerged
g

q = AC 2 gh

C : coefficient = 0.6 for sharp edged orifice

Asep Sapei (2011) 16


Application example

Asep Sapei (2011) 17

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