SUBJECT: MATHS (IB)

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (LAQ’S)

STRAIGHT LINE
1. Find the circumcentre of the triangle with the vertices (-2, 3), (2,-1)
and (4, 0).
2. Find the orthocentre of the triangle with the vertices (-2,-1), (6,-1) and
(2, 5).
3. Find the orthocentre of the triangle with the vertices (-5,-7), (13, 2)
and (-5, 6).
4. Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose sides are
3x  y  5  0, x  2 y  4  0 and 5 x  3 y  1  0 .

5. If the equations of the sides of a triangle are

7 x  y  10  0, x  2 y  5  0 and x  y  2  0 . Find the orthocentre of
the triangle.
6. If Q  h , k  is the image of the point  x1 , y1  w.r.t the straight line
ax  by  c  0 . Then  h  x1  : a   k  y1  : b  2  ax1  by1  c  : a 2  b 2
(or)
 h  x1   k  y1  2  ax1  by1  c 
  and find the image of (1,-2)
a b a 2  b2
w.r.t. The straight line 2 x  3 y  5  0 .

7. If Q  h , k  is the foot of the perpendicular from P  x1 , y1  on the line

ax  by  c  0 , then prove that
 h  x1  : a   k  y1  : b    ax1  by1  c  : a 2  b2 (or)
h  x1 k  y1   ax1  by1  c 
  .
a b a 2  b2
8. If p and q are the lengths of the perpendiculars from the origin to the
straight lines x sec   y cos ec  a and x cos   y sin   a cos 2 , prove
that 4 p 2  q 2  a 2 .

9. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the point of
intersection of the lines 3x  2 y  4  0, 2 x  5 y  1 and whose distance
from (2,-1) is 2.
10. Find the equation of the straight lines passing through (1, 2) and
making an angle 60 with the line 3x  y  2  0

PAIR OF STRAIGHT LINE

11. Find the values of k, if the lines joining the origin to the points of
intersection of the curve 2 x2  2 xy  3 y 2  2 x  y  1  0 and the line
x  2 y  k are mutually perpendicular.

12. Find the angle between the lines joining the origin to the points of
intersection of the curve x2  2 xy  y 2  2 x  2 y  5  0 and the line
3x  y  1  0 .

13. Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of
the curve x2  xy  y 2  3x  3 y  2  0 and the straight line x  y  2  0
are mutually perpendicular.
14. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of
intersection of the circle x2  y 2  a 2 and the line lx  my  1 to coincide.

15. Find the condition for the chord lx  my  1 of the circle x2  y 2  a 2

(whose centre is the origin) to subtend a right angle at the origin.
16. (a)Let the equation ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of straight
lines. Then the angle  between the lines is given by
ab
cos   .
a  b  4h
2 2

17. Show that the product of the perpendicular distances from a point
 ,   to the pair of straight lines
a 2  2h  b 2
ax  2hxy  by  0 is
2 2

 a  b  4h 2
2

18. If the equation ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of distinct (i.e.,

intersecting) lines, then the combined equation of the pair of bisectors of
the angles between these lines is h  x2  y 2    a  b  xy

19. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the lines
n 2 h 2  ab
ax  2hxy  by  0 and lx  my  n  0 is
2 2
sq.units
am2  2hlm  bl 2

20. If the equation S  ax2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 represents a

pair of parallel straight lines, then show that
(i) h2  ab (ii) af 2  bg 2 and (iii) the distance between the parallel lines is
g 2  ac f 2  bc
2 2 .
a  a  b b a  b

21. If the second degree equation S  ax2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0

in two variables x and y represents a pair of straight lines, then
(i) abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch2  0 and (ii) h2  ab, g 2  ac and f 2  bc .
22. Show that the pairs of straight lines
6 x2  5xy  6 y 2  0 and 6 x2  5xy  6 y 2  x  5 y  1  0 forms a square

D.C’S&D.R’S
23. If a ray makes the angles  ,  ,  and  with four diagonals of a cube
then find cos2   cos2   cos2   cos2  .

24. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines satisfy the
equations l  m  n  0, l 2  m2  n2  0 .

25. Find the angle between the lines whose direction cosines are given
by the equations 3l  m  5n  0 and 6mn  2nl  5lm  0 .

26. Show that the direction cosines of two lines which are connected by
the relations l  m  n  0 and 2mn  3nl  5lm  0 are perpendicular to
each other.
27. Find the angle between two diagonals of a cube.
DIFFERENTIATION

dy 1  y2
28.If 1  x  1  y  a  x  y  then show that
2 2

dx 1  x2

 1  x2  1  x2
1
 dy
29. If y  Tan   for 0  x  1, find .
 1  x 2  1  x 2  dx

dy
30. If y  xtan x   sin x 
cos x
, find .
dx

31. Find the derivative of  sin x 

log x
 xsin x with respective x.
 
32. If y  x a 2  x 2  a 2 log x  a 2  x 2 
dy
then prove that  2 a2  x2 .
dx
TANGENT&NORMAL
33. If the tangent at any point P on the curve x m y n  a mn  mn  0 
meets the coordinate axes in A and B then show that AP:BP is a
constant.
2 2 2
34. If the tangent at any point P on the curve x y  a intersects the
3 3 3

coordinate axes in A and B , then show that the length AB is a constant.

35. Show that curves y 2  4  x  1 and y 2  36  9  x  intersect

orthogonally.

36. Find the angle between the curves y 2  4 x and x 2  y 2  5

37. Show that the curves 6 x2  5x  2 y  0 and 4 x 2  8 y 2  3 touch each

1 1
other at  , 
2 2

38. Show that the equation of tangent at the point  x1 , y1  on the curve
x y  a is xx11/2  yy11/2  a1/2

MAXIMA& MINIMA
39. If the curved surface of right circular cylinder inscribed in sphere of
radius ‘r’ is maximum, show the height of the cylinder is 2r .
40. from a rectangular sheet of dimensions 30 cm  80 cm . Four equal
squares of side x cm. are removed at the corners, and the sides are then
turned up so as to form an open rectangular box.
41. A window is in the shape of a rectangle surrounded by a semicircle.
If the perimeter of the window is 20ft., find the maximum area.
42. A wire of length ‘l’ is cut into two parts which are bent respectively
in the form of a square and a circle. What are the lengths of the pieces of
the wire respectively so that the sum of the area is the least?
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (SAQ’S)
LOCUS
1. A (1, 2), B(2,-3) and C(-2,3) are three points. A point ‘p’ moves such
that PA2  PB 2  2 PC 2 . Show that the equation to the locus of P is
7x  7 y  4  0 .

2. Find the equation of locus of P, if the ratio of the distance from P to

(5,-4) and (7, 6) is 2:3.
3. A (5, 3) and B (3,-2) are two fixed points. Find the equation of locus
of P, so that the area of triangle PAB is 9 sq. units.
4. A (2, 3), B(-3,4) are two given points. Find the equation of locus of P
so that the area of PAB is 8.5 sq. units.
5. Find the equation of locus of P, if the line segment joining (2, 3) and
(-1, 5) subtends a right angle at P.
6. Find the equation of locus of P, if A= (2, 3), B= (2,-3) and PA+PB=8.
7. The end of the hypotenuse of a right angled triangle are (0, 6) and
(6, 0). Find the equation of locus of its third vertex.
8. Find the equation of locus of P, if A= (4, 0), b= (-4, 0) and
PA  PB  4 .
 TRANSFORMATION OF AXES
9. When the origin is shifted to the point (2, 3), the transformed equation
of a curve is x2  3xy  2 y 2  17 x  7 y  11  0 . Find the original equation
of the curve.

10. When the axes are rotated through an angle , find the transformed
4
equation of 3x2  10 xy  3 y 2  9 .


11. When the axes are rotated through an angle an angle , find the
6
transformed equation of x 2  2 3xy  y 2  2a 2 .

12. When the axes are rotated through an angle an angle 45 , find the
transformed equation of a curve is17 x2  16 xy  17 y 2  225 . Find the
original equation of the curve.
13. Show that the axes are to be rotated through an angle of
1  2h 
Tan 1   so as to remove the xy term from the equation
2 ab

ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 if a  b and through the angle if a  b .
4
14. When the axes are rotated through an angle an angle  , find the
transformed equation of x cos   y sin  p .

STRAIGHT LINE

15. Transform the equation 3x  y  4 into (a) slope-intercept form (b)

intercept form and (c) normal form.
 x y
16. Transform the equation   1into the normal form when a  0
a b
and b  0 if the perpendicular distance of straight line from the origin is,
1 1 1
deduce that 2  2  2 .
p a b


17. A straight line from the through Q  
3 , 2 makes an angle
6
with the
positive direction of X-axis. If the straight line intersects the line
3x  4 y  8  0 at P, find the distance PQ.

18. Find the points on the line 3x  4 y  1  0 which are at a distance of 5

units from the point (3, 2).
19. Find the value of k, if the angle between the straight lines
4 x  y  7  0 and kx  5 y  9  0 is 45 .

20. Find the values of k, if the angle between the straight lines

kx  y  9  0 and 3x  y  4  0 is .
4
21. Find the equation of the straight lines passing through (-3, 2) and
making an angle 45 with the line 3x  y  4  0 .

22. Find the equation of the straight line making non-zero equal
intercepts on the coordinate axes passing through the point of
intersection of lines 2 x  5 y  1  0 and x  3 y  4  0 .

23. A triangle of area 24 sq. units is formed by a straight line and the co-
ordinate axes in the first quadrant. Find equation of that straight line if it
passes through (3,4).
24.(i) Find the value of k, if the lines 2 x  3 y  k  0 , 3x  4 y  13  0 and
8 x  11y  33  0 are concurrent.
(ii) Find the value of p, if the lines 3 x  4 y  5 , 2 x  3 y  4 and
px  4 y  6 are concurrent.

25. If the straight lines ax  by  c  0 , bx  cy  a  0 and cx  ay  b  0

are concurrent, then prove that a3  b3  c3  3abc .
DIFFERENTIATION
26. Find the derivative of the following functions from the first
principles w.r.to x.

(i) cos 2 x (ii) tan 2 x (iii) x 1 (iv) sec 3x

(v) cos  ax  (vi) sin 2x (vii) x sin x (viii) log x
(ix) ax 2  bx  c (x) a x (xi) x 3 (xii) cot x
dy log x
27. If x y  e x  y , then show that  .
dx 1  log x 2

dy sin  a  y 
2

28. If sin y  x sin  a  y  , then show that  (a is not a

dx sin a
multiple of  ).

 1  x2  1 
29. If f  x   Tan 
1
 , g  x   Tan 1 x then differentiate f(x)
 x 
 
w.r.to g(x).
TANGENT NORMAL
30. Show that the length of the subnormal at any point on the curve
y 2  4ax is a constant.

31. Show that the length of the subtangent at any point on the curve
y  a x ( a >0) is a constant.
32. Find the lengths of normal and subnormal at a point on the curve
a  ax x

y  e  e a 
2 

33. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve xy  10 at (2,5)

34. Find the equations of tangent and normal to the curve y  5x4 at the
point (1, 5)
CONTINUITY

 cos ax  cos bx
 if x  0
x2
35. Show that f  x    where a and b are real
  b  a  if x  0
1 2 2
 2
constants, is continuous at x=0.

 sin 2 x  cos bx
 , if x  0
36. Is ‘f’ defined by f  x    x2 continuous at x=0?
1 , if x  0

37. Check the continuity of ‘f’ given by

 x 2  9  /  x 2  2 x  3 if 0  x  5 and x  3
f  x   at the point x=3.
1.5 , if x  3

38. Check the continuity of the following function at 2.

1 2
 2  x  4  if 0  x  2

f  x   0 if x  2
 2  8 x 3 if x  2


 k 2 x  k if x  1
39. If ‘f’ given by f  x    , is a continuous function
 2 if x  1
on R, then find the values of k.
40. Find real constant a, b so that the function f given by
sin x if x  0
 2
 x  a if 0  x  1
f  x  
bx  3 if 1  x  3 is continuous on R.
3 if x  3

RATE OF CHANGE
41. A particle is moving in a straight line so that after t seconds its
distance is s (in cms) from a fixed point on the line is given by
s  f  t   8t  t 3 find i) the velocity at time t  2sec (ii) the
initial velocity (iii) acceleration at t  2sec
42. The distance-time formula for the motion of a particle along a
straight line S  t 3  9t 2  24t  18 then find when and where the velocity
is zero.

43. A point P is moving on the curve y  2 x 2 . The x co-ordinate of P is

increasing at the rate of 4 units per second. Find the rate at which the y
co-ordinate is increasing when the point is at (2, 8).
44. A container in the shape of an inverted cone has height 12 cm and
radius 6 cm at the top. If it is filled with water at the rate of 12cm3 / sec .,
what is the rate of change in the height of water level when the tank is
filled 8cm?
45. The volume of a cube is increasing at rate of 9 cubic centimeters per
second. How fast is the surface area increasing when the length of the
edge is 10 centimetres?
46. The volume of a cube is increasing at rate of 8cm3 / sec . How fast is
the surface area increasing when the length of an edge is 12 cm?
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (VSAQ’S)
STRAIGHT LINE
1. Find the condition for the points (a, 0), (h,k),(0,b) where ab ≠ 0 to be
collinear
2. Transform the equations into normal form
(i) X+y+1=0 (ii) x+y-2=0
3. If the area of the triangle formed by the straight lines x = 0, y = 0 and
3x + 4y = a is ‘6’.Then find the value of 'a’.
4. If the product of the intercepts made by the straight line
 
x tan   y sec   1  0     on the co-ordinate axes is equal to sin  ,
 2
Find  .
5. Find the area of the triangle formed by the straight line x-4y + 2=0
with the coordinate axes.
6. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (–4, 5) and
cutting off equal nonzero intercepts on the coordinate axes.

7. The equation of the line passing through the points  at12 , 2at1  and
 at 2
2
, 2at2 

8. Find the distance between the parallel straight lines

5x-3y-4=0, 10x-6y-9=0
9. Find the equation of straight line passing through the point (5, 4) and
parallel to the line2x + 3y + 7 = 0.

10. Find the value of y, if the line joining (3,y) and (2,7) is parallel to the
line joining the points (−1,4) and (0,6).
11. Find the ratio in which the straight line 2x+3y=5 divides the join of
the points (0, 0) and (-2, 1).

12. Find the perpendicular distance from the point (3, 4) to the straight
line
3x- 4y + 10 =0.
3D-GEOMETRY

13. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (5, 4, 6) (1,-1, 3)
and (4, 3, 2)
14. Find the coordinates of the vertex 'C' of △ABC of its centroid is the
origin and the vertices A, B are (1, 1, 1) and (−2, 4, 1) respectively.
15. Find the centroid of the tetrahedron whose vertices are (2, 3,-4),
(-3, 3-2), (-1, 4, 2), (3, 5, 1)
16. If (3, 2 - 1), (4, 1, 1) and (6, 2, 5) are three vertices and (4, 2, 2) is
the centroid of a tetrahedron, find the fourth vertex.17. Show that the
points A (3, -2, 4), B (1, 1, 1) and C (-1, 4, -2) are collinear.
18. Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose consecutive
vertices are (2, 4, -1), (3, 6, -1), (4, 5, 1).

LIMITS

 1  x 1 
19. Find lim  
x0 x
 
 3x  1 
lim  
20. Find
x0
 1  x  1 
  ex 1 
21. Compute lim  
x0
 1  x 1 
ax 1
22. Compute lim x  a  0, b  0, b  1
x0 b  1

sin  a  bx   sin  a  bx 
lim
23. Find x0 x
 cos ax  cos bx 
lim  
24. Find
x 0
 x2 

25. Find
lim
x
 x2  x  x 
cos x
lim
x  
2  x  
26. Find  2

DIFFERENTIATION

27. If y  ax n1  bx  n then P.T x 2 y n  n  n  1 y

 
28. If y  sec tan x , then find
dy
dx
29. If f  x   7 x 3 x  x  0 , then find f 1  x  .
3

e y
30. If f  x   tan  e  , then show that 
y dy
.
dx 1  x 2
31. If f  x   xe x sin x , then find f 1  x 
32. If y  aenx  benx then prove that y ,,  n2 y .
33. If f  x   1  x  x 2  ....  x100 then find f 1 1 .
1 dy ay
34. If y  ea sin x then prove that  .
dx 1  x2

ERRORS& APPROXIMATION

35. Find y and dy if y  x2  3x  6 . When x=10, x  0.01

36. Find y and dy if y  x2  x , at x=10, x  0.01
1
37. Find y and dy if y  , When x=8, x  0.02
x2
38. Find y and dy for y  e x  x , When x=5, x  0.02
39. Find y and dy if y  cos x , When x= 60 , x  1
40. Find the approximate value of 82

MEAN VALUE THEOREM

41. State Rolle’s Theorem.

42. State Lagrange’s Mean value theorem.
43. Let f  x    x  1 x  2  x  3 . Prove that there is more than one ‘c’
in (1, 3) such that f ,  c   0 .
44. Find the value of ’c’ from Rolle’s Theorem for the function
y  f  x   x 2  4 on  3, 3 .
45. Find the value of ‘c’ from Rolle’s Theorem for the function
f  x   x 2  1 on  1, 1 .